Editing Sadras

{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}
{{EngvarB|date=March 2020}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                    = Sadras
| native_name             = Sadurangapattinam
| native_name_lang        = 
| other_name              = 
| nickname                = 
| settlement_type         = town
| image_skyline           = Sadras fort2 cannon.jpg
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = Cannon inside the Dutch fort at Sadras
| pushpin_map             = India Tamil Nadu
| pushpin_label_position  = left
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = Location in Tamil Nadu, India
| coordinates             = {{coord|12|31|30|N|80|9|44|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type        = Country
| subdivision_name        = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1       = State
| subdivision_name1       = [[Tamil Nadu]]
| subdivision_type2       = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Chengalpattu district|Chengalpattu]]
| established_title       = <!-- Established -->
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| named_for               = 
| government_type         = 
| governing_body          = 
| unit_pref               = Metric
| area_footnotes          = 
| area_rank               = 
| area_total_km2          = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| population_total        = 
| population_as_of        = 
| population_rank         = 
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| demographics_type1      = Languages
| demographics1_title1    = Official
| demographics1_info1     = [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
| timezone1               = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1             = +5:30
| postal_code_type        = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code             = 603102
| area_code_type          = Telephone code
| area_code               = 044
| registration_plate      = 
| blank1_name_sec1        = Nearest city
| blank1_info_sec1        = [[Chengalpattu]]
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = 
}}

'''Sadras''' is a fortress town located on [[India]]'s [[Coromandel Coast]] in [[Chengalpattu district]], 70&nbsp;km south of [[Chennai]] in Tamil Nadu state. ''Sadras'' is the anglicised form of the ancient town of ''Sadurangapattinam''.

==History and etymology==
An inscription found in Sadras dated to 1359 mention this place as Rajanarayanan Pattinam after a [[Sambuvaraya]] chieftain. There is a temple to [[Vishnu]] here, and because of it later the city was known as Sadiravasagan Pattinam.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.aarde.in/sadras/history__monuments | title=SADRAS HISTORY & MONUMENTS | publisher=Art and Architecture Research, Development Education (AARDE) | access-date=25 February 2012 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120828194403/http://aarde.in/sadras/history__monuments | archive-date=28 August 2012 | df=dmy-all }}</ref> This later changed into Sadurangapattinam, shortly known as Sadirai. Later the [[Dutch people|Dutch]] called it Sadras.<ref name=cycle>{{cite news|title=Day-trip down history lane|work=Metro Plus|date=16 April 2018|last=Moulana|first=Ramanujar|page=4|location=Chennai}}</ref>

==Dutch fort==

[[File:Sadras fort entrance.JPG|thumb|Entrance of Sadras fort]]
Modern Sadras was established as part of [[Dutch Coromandel]] in the seventeenth century, which was even before center for weaving superfine [[muslin]] cloth for export besides pearl and edible oil.<ref name="Ports in Tamil Nadu">{{cite book | title=தமிழக துறைமுகங்கள் | publisher=Anbu Publishers | author=P. Jayakumar | year=2001 | location=[[Thanjavur]]}}</ref> The magnificent [[Sadras Fort]], built for commercial purposes by the Dutch, is a vast compound enclosing a huge granary, stables, and structures used to mount elephants. Unfortunately, only one of these structures survives. The fortress was raided by the British in 1818<ref>{{cite news | title=Sadras cries for attention | date=25 February 2012| work=The Times of India | author=Hussain Kodinhi | location=Chennai | pages=10}}</ref> and came under the control of the [[British East India Company]]. It is now maintained by the [[Archaeological Survey of India]] in efforts to contain further dilapidation. In 2003, a major restoration of the damaged fort was carried out leading to many archaeological findings.<ref>{{cite journal | url=http://www.flonnet.com/fl2010/stories/20030523000106500.htm | title=Unravelling a Dutch past | author=T. S. Subramanian Photographs: K. Gajendran | journal=Frontline | date=10 May 2003| volume=20 | issue=10 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100221211906/http://flonnet.com/fl2010/stories/20030523000106500.htm | archive-date=21 February 2010 | df=dmy-all }}</ref> The first battle between British East India Company and the Dutch started here as [[Battle of Sadras]]. The fort includes a cemetery with many beautifully decorated graves that date to between 1620 and 1769.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.thehindu.com/life-and-style/metroplus/article3527885.ece | title=Sadras musings | work=The Times of India | date=14 June 2012| accessdate=25 June 2012 | author=Anusha Parthasarathy}}</ref>
[[File:Sadras fort Coat of Arms4.jpg|thumb|250px|A [[tomb]] inside the fort with [[coat of arms]]]]

==Location==
In recent times, Sadras has found mention due to its proximity to the atomic power plant (Madras Atomic Power Station) and the atomic research centre (Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research – [[IGCAR]]) both located at nearby [[Kalpakkam]]. The village of Sadras is sandwiched between the power plant and its township. There are two bridges connecting Kalpakkam and Sadras.

==Gallery==
The Sadras fort also contains picturesque tombs.
<gallery>
Sadras fort cemetery1.JPG
Sadras fort Coat of Arms at Graveyard.jpg
Sadras fort Coat of Arms at graveyard.jpg
Sadras fort Coat of Arms.jpg
Sadras fort Coat of Arms2.jpg
Sadras fort Coat of Arms3.jpg
Sadras fort cementry5.JPG
SADRAS-Fort_-_Chambers.jpg
SADRAS-Dutch_Cemetry.jpg
SADRAS-Passage_near_cemetry.jpg
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*[http://www.aarde.in/sadras About sadras]
*{{usurped|[https://web.archive.org/web/20040804174235/http://www.hinduonnet.com/2003/04/18/stories/2003041803600500.htm The Hindu report on Sadras Excavation]}}
*[http://silvercascades.blogspot.in/2012/07/sadras.html A Travelogue with photos]

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Chengalpattu district]]
[[Category:Forts in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Coromandel Coast]]
[[Category:Dutch Coromandel]]
[[Category:Populated coastal places in India]]