Editing Sam Raimi

{{short description|American filmmaker (born 1959)}}
{{For|the American opera singer|Samuel Ramey}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2020}}
{{Infobox person
| name               = Sam Raimi
| image              = File:Sam Raimi Photo Op GalaxyCon Raleigh 2024 (cropped).jpg
| caption            = Raimi at [[GalaxyCon]] Raleigh in 2024
| birth_name         = Samuel M. Raimi
| birth_date         = {{Birth date and age|1959|10|23}}
| birth_place        = [[Royal Oak, Michigan]], U.S.
| occupation         = {{hlist|Film director|film producer|screenwriter|actor}}
| years_active       = 1972–present
| spouse             = {{marriage|Gillian Greene<br>|1993|2024|reason=separated}}
| relatives          = [[Ted Raimi]] (brother)<br />[[Ivan Raimi]] (brother)<br />[[Lorne Greene]]
(father-in-law)
| children           = 5
| website            = 
| imagesize          = 
}}

'''Samuel M. Raimi''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|r|eɪ|m|i}} {{Respell|RAY|mee}}; born October 23, 1959)<ref name=TCM>{{cite web|url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/157188%7C201036/Sam-Raimi#overview|title=Sam Raimi: Director, Producer, Screenwriter|publisher=[[Turner Classic Movies]]|access-date=November 23, 2020|archive-date =October 30, 2020|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201030103716/https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/157188%7C201036/Sam-Raimi/#overview|url-status=live|quote=Birth Place: Royal Oak, Michigan, USA. Born: October 23, 1959}}</ref><ref name=FilmRef /> is an American filmmaker. He is best known for directing the first three films in the [[Evil Dead|''Evil Dead'' franchise]] (1981–present) and the [[Spider-Man in film#Sam Raimi's trilogy|''Spider-Man'' trilogy]] (2002–2007). He also directed the superhero movie ''[[Darkman]]'' (1990), the revisionist western ''[[The Quick and the Dead (1995 film)|The Quick and the Dead]]'' (1995), the neo-noir crime thriller ''[[A Simple Plan (film)|A Simple Plan]]'' (1998), the supernatural thriller ''[[The Gift (2000 film)|The Gift]]'' (2000), the supernatural horror ''[[Drag Me to Hell]]'' (2009), the [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]] fantasy ''[[Oz the Great and Powerful]]'' (2013), and the [[Marvel Studios]] film ''[[Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness]]'' (2022).

His films are known for their highly dynamic visual style, inspired by comic books and slapstick comedy.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Perno|first=G. S.|date=2020-06-17|title=Directors' Trademarks: Sam Raimi|url=https://www.cinelinx.com/movie-news/movie-stuff/directors-trademarks-sam-raimi/|access-date=2021-11-30|website=Cinelinx {{!}} Movies. Games. Geek Culture.|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gibron|first=Bill|date=2006-10-04|title=Depth of Field: Sam Raimi – Horror's Stylistic Savior, PopMatters|url=https://www.popmatters.com/depth-of-field-sam-raimi-horrors-stylistic-savior-2495716301.html|access-date=2021-11-30|website=PopMatters|language=en-US}}</ref> He founded the production companies Renaissance Pictures in 1979 and [[Ghost House Pictures]] in 2002. Raimi has also produced several successful television series, including ''[[Hercules: The Legendary Journeys]]'', its spin-off ''[[Xena: Warrior Princess]]'', and ''[[Ash vs Evil Dead]]'' starring long time friend and collaborator [[Bruce Campbell]] reprising his role in the ''Evil Dead'' franchise.

==Early life==
Raimi was born in [[Royal Oak, Michigan]],<ref name=TCM /> to a [[Conservative Jewish]] family.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.jewishjournal.com/the_ticket/item/sam_raimis_latest_horror_flick_draws_on_true_tale_jewish_exorcism_20120822|title=Sam Raimi's latest horror flick draws on 'true' tale, Jewish exorcism|magazine=[[The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles|Jewish Journal]]|first=Naomi|last=Pfefferman|date=August 22, 2012|access-date=March 14, 2013|archive-date=November 23, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201123023313/https://jewishjournal.com/mobile_20111212/107462/sam-raimis-latest-horror-flick-draws-on-true-tale-jewish-exorcism/|url-status=live|quote=Raimi — who grew up in a Conservative Jewish home in Detroit....}}</ref> He is a son of merchants Celia Barbara (née Abrams) and Leonard Ronald Raimi.<ref name=FilmRef>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmreference.com/film/52/Sam-Raimi.html|title=Sam Raimi Biography (1959-)|publisher=Filmreference.com|access-date=March 19, 2012}} Source notes Raimi born "in Royal Oak (some sources cite Franklin), MI."</ref> His ancestors were Jewish immigrants from Russia and Hungary.<ref name=JewishJournal-March2012>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.jewishjournal.com/home/preview.php?id=8479|date=April 25, 2002|title=Spider-Mensch: The Jewish roots of director Sam Raimi and 'Spider-Man'|first=Michael|last=Aushenker|magazine=[[The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles|Jewish Journal]]|access-date=March 19, 2012|archive-date=December 8, 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121208200305/http://www.jewishjournal.com/arts/article/spidermensch_20020426|url-status=dead|quote=He was raised by parents of Russian and Hungarian Jewish descent in a Conservative Jewish home that included older brother Ivan, now a screenwriter and physician; younger brother Ted, an actor, and older sister, Andrea.}}</ref> His younger brother [[Ted Raimi|Ted]] is an actor,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmreference.com/film/23/Ted-Raimi.html|title=Ted Raimi Biography (1965-)|publisher=Filmreference.com|access-date=March 19, 2012}}</ref> and his older brother [[Ivan Raimi|Ivan]] is a screenwriter and physician.<ref name=JewishJournal-March2012 /> His older sister, Andrea Raimi Rubin, is a court reporter.<ref>{{cite news|title=Made In Michigan|first=Jackie|last= Headapohl|url=https://thejewishnews.com/2013/03/07/made-in-michigan/|newspaper=[[The Jewish News (Detroit)|The Jewish News]]|location=Detroit, Michigan|date=March 7, 2013|archive-date= November 1, 2019|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191101205732/https://thejewishnews.com/2013/03/07/made-in-michigan/|url-status=live}}</ref> Another older brother, Sander, died at 15 in an accidental drowning in [[Israel]]; Raimi has said that the trauma knitted the remaining family closer together and "colored everything he's done for the rest of his life".<ref>{{cite news|title=Sam Raimi: Man behind the mask|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/sam-raimi-man-behind-the-mask-47495.html|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|location=UK |date=July 15, 2004|access-date=November 23, 2020|archive-date=August 6, 2017|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170806021536/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/sam-raimi-man-behind-the-mask-47495.html|url-status=live|quote=Led by their father, who ran a furniture store, and mother, who owned a lingerie shop, the family became very close after Raimi's elder brother Sander drowned in a swimming pool at the age of 15. Raimi has said of that trauma: 'It colours everything you do for the rest of your life.'}}</ref> Raimi also mentioned that Sander first introduced him to ''[[Spider-Man]]'', igniting his love for comics.<ref name=":0" />

Raimi graduated from [[Groves High School (Michigan)|Groves High School]]<ref name="macomb">{{cite web|url=http://shelby-utica.patch.com/articles/macomb-co-native-helps-organize-charity-premiere-of-oz-the-great-and-powerful|title=Macomb Co. Native Helps Organize Charity Premiere of 'Oz: The Great and Powerful'|first=Laura|last=Houser|date=February 16, 2013|publisher=Utica.Patch.com|access-date=February 17, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130317013628/http://shelby-utica.patch.com/articles/macomb-co-native-helps-organize-charity-premiere-of-oz-the-great-and-powerful|archive-date=March 17, 2013}}</ref> and later went on to attend [[Michigan State University]] and later [[Bocconi University|Università Bocconi]] in [[Milan]], Italy,<ref>{{Cite web |title=About |url=https://filmstudies.msu.edu/about/ |access-date=2023-09-07 |website=Film Studies Program |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://alumni.msu.edu/stay-informed/magazine/article.cfm?id=506|title=Feature: Spartans in Hollywood|publisher=[[Bocconi University|Università Bocconi]]|first= Robert|last=Bao|date=April 1, 1999|archive-date=November 12, 2020|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201112034724/https://alumni.msu.edu/stay-informed/alumni-stories/feature-spartans-in-hollywood|url-status=live}}</ref> where he studied English but left after three semesters to film ''[[The Evil Dead]]''.

==Career==
===Film===
Raimi became fascinated with making films when his father brought a movie camera home one day. He began to make [[Super 8 mm film|Super 8]] movies with his friend [[Bruce Campbell]], whom he met in 1975. In college, he teamed up with his brother's roommate [[Robert Tapert]] and Campbell to shoot ''[[Within the Woods]]'' (1978), a 32-minute horror film which raised $375,000, as well as his debut feature film ''[[It's Murder!]]''. During that time, he also shot the seven-minute short film ''Clockwork'' (1978), starring [[Scott Spiegel]] (who had appeared in ''Within the Woods'') and Cheryl Guttridge.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kkuMDwAAQBAJ&q=clockwork+%22sam+raimi%22&pg=PT100|title=The Many Lives of The Evil Dead: Essays on the Cult Film Franchise|last1=Riekki|first1=Ron|last2=Sartain|first2=Jeffrey A.|date=March 4, 2019|publisher=McFarland|isbn=9781476636047|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/unseenforcefi00muir|url-access=registration|quote=clockwork.|title=The Unseen Force: The Films of Sam Raimi|last=Muir|first=John Kenneth|date=2004|publisher=Applause Theatre & Cinema Books|isbn=9781557836076|language=en}}</ref> Through family, friends, and a network of investors, Raimi was able to finance production of the highly successful [[horror film]] ''[[The Evil Dead]]'' (1981), which became a cult hit and effectively launched Raimi's career.<ref>{{cite book
|year=2011 |first=Kate |last=Egan |title=The Evil Dead |publisher=[[Wallflower Press]] |pages=26–28 |isbn=978-1-906660-34-5}}</ref>

He began work on his third film ''[[Crimewave]]'' (1985), which he co-wrote with the then-unknown [[Coen brothers]], shortly after.<ref>{{cite book |year=2002 |last=Campbell |first=Bruce |title=If Chins Could Kill: Confessions of a B Movie Actor |publisher=L.A. Weekly Books | isbn=978-0-312-29145-7 |author-link=Bruce Campbell |page=161}}</ref> Intended as a live-action comic book, the film was unsuccessful, partly due to unwanted studio intervention. Raimi then returned to the horror genre with the seminal ''[[Evil Dead II]]'' (which added [[slapstick]] humor to the over the top horror, showcasing his love of the [[Three Stooges]]). With his brother [[Ivan Raimi]] (and crediting himself as Celia Abrams), Sam Raimi also wrote ''[[Easy Wheels]]'' (1989), which parodied the [[Outlaw biker film]] genre. A long-time comic book buff, he then attempted to adapt "[[The Shadow]]" into a movie, but was unable to secure the rights, so he created his own super-hero, ''[[Darkman]]'' (1990). The film was his first [[Major film studio|major studio picture]], and was commercially successful, spawning two sequels. Through it he was still able to secure funding for ''Evil Dead III'', which was retitled ''[[Army of Darkness]]'' and largely steered away from horror towards [[Fantasy film|fantasy]] and [[Comedy film|comedy]] elements. ''Army of Darkness'', the final movie in the ''Evil Dead'' trilogy, commercially underperformed, yet on video became a cult classic.

In the 1990s, Raimi moved into other genres, directing such films as the western ''[[The Quick and the Dead (1995 film)|The Quick and the Dead]]'' (starring [[Sharon Stone]] and [[Gene Hackman]]), the critically acclaimed crime thriller ''[[A Simple Plan (film)|A Simple Plan]]'' (1998) (starring [[Bill Paxton]] and [[Billy Bob Thornton]]), and the romantic drama ''[[For Love of the Game (film)|For Love of the Game]]'' (1999) (starring [[Kevin Costner]]).
[[File:Sam Raimi by David Shankbone (2).jpg|thumb|Raimi in 2007]]
Raimi achieved great critical and commercial success with the [[blockbuster motion picture|blockbuster]] ''[[Spider-Man (2002 film)|Spider-Man]]'' (2002), which was adapted from the comic book series [[Spider-Man|of the same name]]. The movie grossed over US$800 million worldwide, spawning two sequels: ''[[Spider-Man 2]]'' and ''[[Spider-Man 3]]'', both directed by Raimi and each grossing approximately $800 million. After the completion of the third ''Spider-Man'' film, he planned on producing two more sequels (although [[Sony Pictures]] planned three sequels) but could not find a satisfactory script.<ref name="rolling stone">{{cite news |last1=Finke |first1=Nikki |last2=Fleming |first2=Mike |author-link1=Nikki Finke |url=https://deadline.com/2010/01/urgent-spider-man-4-scrapped-as-is-raimi-and-cast-out-franchise-reboot-planned-21993/ |title='Spider-Man 4' Scrapped; Sam Rami & Tobey Maguire & Cast Out; Franchise Reboot for 2012 |website=Deadline Hollywood |date=January 11, 2010 |access-date=November 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110804174841/http://www.deadline.com/2010/01/urgent-spider-man-4-scrapped-as-is-raimi-and-cast-out-franchise-reboot-planned/ |archive-date=August 4, 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2022, reflecting on ''Spider-Man 3'', Raimi told ''[[Rolling Stone]]'': "It was a very painful experience for me. I wanted to make a Spider-Man movie to redeem myself for that. [The aborted] ''Spider-Man 4'' — that was really what that was about. I wanted to go out on a high note. I didn't want to just make another one that pretty much worked. I had a really high standard in my mind. And I didn't think I could get that script to the level that I was hoping for by that start date."<ref name=":0">{{cite magazine |last=Hiatt |first=Brian |date=30 April 2022 |title=From 'Spider-Man' to 'Doctor Strange': How Sam Raimi Conquered the Superhero Multiverse (Again) |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-features/sam-raimi-multiverse-of-madness-doctor-strange-interview-spider-man-1344342/ |access-date=1 May 2022 |magazine=Rolling Stone |language=en-US}}</ref> He, along with [[Marc Webb]], were both brought on as creative consultants for [[Marvel Studios|Marvel Studios']] ''[[Spider-Man: No Way Home]]'', directed by [[Jon Watts]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fuge |first1=Jonathan |title=Spider-Man: No Way Home Brought in Past Directors Sam Raimi & Marc Webb as Consultants |url=https://movieweb.com/spider-man-no-way-home-sam-raimi-marc-webb/ |website=MovieWb |date=November 26, 2021 |access-date=July 11, 2022}}</ref>

Raimi frequently collaborates with [[Coen brothers|Joel and Ethan Coen]], beginning when Joel was one of the editors of ''Evil Dead''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://blogs.amctv.com/movie-blog/2010/10/evil-dead-facts.php |title=Ten Things You Might Not Kw About the Evil Dead Trilogy |author=AMC staff |date=October 28, 2008 |website=[[AMC (TV channel)|Filmcritic.com]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111227054237/http://blogs.amctv.com/movie-blog/2010/10/evil-dead-facts.php |archive-date=December 27, 2011 |url-status=dead |access-date=January 30, 2022}}</ref> The Coens co-wrote ''Crimewave'' and ''[[The Hudsucker Proxy]]'' with Raimi in the mid-1980s (though ''Hudsucker'' was not produced for almost a decade). Raimi made cameo appearances in ''[[Miller's Crossing]]'', ''The Hudsucker Proxy'', and with Joel Coen in ''[[Spies Like Us]]''. The Coen brothers gave Raimi advice on shooting in snow for ''A Simple Plan'', based on their experiences with ''[[Fargo (1996 film)|Fargo]]''.<ref>{{cite web |last=Sigur |first=Matt |title='A Simple Plan' isn't your typical Sam Raimi movie, and that's why it's his best |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/features/a-simple-plan-isnt-your-typical-sam-raimi-movie-and-thats-why-its-his-best |website=Rogerebert.com|date=January 2019 }}</ref>

He worked in front of the camera in ''[[The Stand (1994 miniseries)|The Stand]]'' as a dimwitted hitman, [[John Carpenter]]'s ''[[Body Bags (film)|Body Bags]]'' as a murdered gas station attendant, and ''[[Indian Summer (1993 film)|Indian Summer]]'' in what is perhaps his biggest role as a bumbling assistant to [[Alan Arkin]]. The film was written by his childhood friend, writer-director [[Mike Binder]], and shot at the camp that they both attended when they were younger. Raimi also produced the entire English-language [[The Grudge (film series)|''The Grudge'' franchise]], based on the original Japanese films.

According to ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'', Raimi had expressed an interest in directing a film version of ''[[The Hobbit]]'', the prequel to the ''[[The Lord of the Rings|Lord of the Rings]]'' trilogy.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20035161,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070419132133/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20035161,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=April 19, 2007|title='Hobbit' Forming?|first=Adam |last=Markovitz | magazine=Entertainment Weekly|date=April 18, 2007}}</ref> In 2008, [[Guillermo del Toro]] was selected as the director, with [[Peter Jackson]] as the executive producer. Raimi may direct ''By Any Means Necessary'', the next film based on the "Jack Ryan" CIA character created by [[Tom Clancy]] for [[Paramount Pictures]]. Disney also approached him to direct ''[[W.I.T.C.H.]]: The Movie'', based on the popular comic.

Blizzard Entertainment announced on July 22, 2009, that Raimi would be directing a film adaptation of the ''[[Warcraft]]'' video game series,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blizzard.com/us/press/090721.html|title=Blizzard Press Release 7-22-2009|publisher=Blizzard|date=July 21, 2009|access-date=July 22, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090723005425/http://www.blizzard.com//us//press//090721.html|archive-date=July 23, 2009}}</ref> but at the 2012 [[San Diego Comic-Con]], it was revealed that he would not be the director.<ref>{{cite web|last=Topel|first=Fred|title=Comic Con 2012 Exclusive: Sam Raimi Won't Direct the World of Warcraft Movie|url=http://www.craveonline.com/film/articles/192085-comic-con-2012-exclusive-sam-raimi-wont-direct-the-world-of-warcraft-movie|publisher=Crave Online|access-date=July 17, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403214229/http://www.craveonline.com/film/articles/192085-comic-con-2012-exclusive-sam-raimi-wont-direct-the-world-of-warcraft-movie|archive-date=April 3, 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
[[File:Drag Me to Hell ComicCon panel.jpg|alt=|left|thumb|Raimi (far left) at the ''[[Drag Me to Hell]]'' film discussion panel at the 2008 [[San Diego Comic-Con]]]]
On September 23, 2009, he became the producer for the British [[supernatural]] [[Thriller film|thriller]] ''Refuge'', which is directed by Corin Hardy and published by [[Mandate Pictures]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dreadcentral.com/news/33704/mandata-signs-sam-raimi-oversee-refuge|title=Mandate Signs Sam Raimi to Oversee Refuge|date=May 13, 2012 }}</ref> He will produce the remake of the Danish thriller ''[[The Substitute (2007 film)|The Substitute]]'', which will be directed by Scott Derrickson under his new label Spooky Pictures.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloody-disgusting.com/news/17566|title=Raimi Launches Spooky Pictures with 'The Substitute'|date=October 2, 2009 }}</ref> Raimi produced with his company [[Ghost House Pictures]] the British thriller flick ''Burst 3D'', directed by [[Neil Marshall]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloody-disgusting.com/news/20735|title=Neil Marshall Throwing the Gore Onscreen With 'Burst 3D'|date=June 29, 2010 }}</ref>

Raimi directed ''[[Oz the Great and Powerful]]'', which was released on March 8, 2013, by [[Walt Disney Pictures]] and grossed $493 million worldwide.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/08/movies/oz-the-great-and-powerful-starring-james-franco.html|title='Oz the Great and Powerful,' Starring James Franco|first=Manohla|last=Dargis|newspaper=The New York Times |date=March 7, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://variety.com/2010/film/markets-festivals/sam-raimi-circles-wizard-of-oz-prequel-1118020637/|title=Sam Raimi circles 'Wizard of Oz' prequel: helmer in talks for Disney's 'Powerful' pic|work=Variety|first=Stuart|last=Oldham |date=June 14, 2010}}</ref> He said he would not be directing the planned sequel.<ref name="signed-sequel">{{cite web|url=http://www.fandango.com/movieblog/chatter-who-should-replace-sam-raimi-as-director-of-oz-sequel-736024.html|title=Chatter: Who Should Replace Sam Raimi as Director of the Oz Sequel?|publisher=Fandango.com|date=March 11, 2013}}</ref><ref name="noraimi">{{cite web|url=http://www.firstshowing.net/2013/cast-signed-for-oz-the-great-powerful-sequel-but-not-sam-raimi|title=Cast Signed for 'Oz: The Great & Powerful' Sequel But Not Sam Raimi|publisher=firstshowing.net|date=March 11, 2013}}</ref>

On December 11, 2006, the website SuperHero Hype reported that director Sam Raimi and Michael Uslan would co-produce a new film version of ''The Shadow'' for [[Columbia Pictures]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://uk.ign.com/articles/2006/12/06/exclusive-sam-raimis-pulp-fiction |title=Exclusive: Sam Raimi's Pulp Fiction |work=IGN |date=June 14, 2012 |access-date=July 28, 2021 }}</ref> On October 16, 2007, Raimi stated that: "I don't have any news on ''The Shadow'' at this time, except that the company that I have with Josh Donen, my producing partner, we've got the rights to ''The Shadow''. I love the character very much and we're trying to work on a story that'll do justice to the character."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.superherohype.com/news.php?id=4988|title=Columbia & Raimi Team on The Shadow|work=SuperHeroHype|date=December 11, 2006 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Rotten |first=Ryan |title= Sam Raimi on Spider-Man 4 and The Shadow |url=http://www.superherohype.com/news/topnews.php?id=6410 |work=Superherohype.com |publisher=Coming Soon Media, ltd. |date=October 16, 2007 |access-date=July 28, 2019}}</ref>

Raimi, along with Bruce Campbell and [[Rob Tapert]], produced the remake of Raimi's ''The Evil Dead''. First-time feature filmmaker [[Fede Álvarez]] wrote and directed, and [[Diablo Cody]] was also brought in to revise/rewrite the script.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.shocktillyoudrop.com/news/topnews.php?id=19951|title=Official Press Release: The Evil Dead Remake|publisher=Shock Till You Drop|date=July 13, 2011|access-date=March 19, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111123170942/http://www.shocktillyoudrop.com/news/topnews.php?id=19951|archive-date=November 23, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> Raimi confirmed plans to write ''Evil Dead 4'' with his brother; it was later specified that this film would be ''Army of Darkness 2''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://screenrant.com/army-of-darkness-2-evil-dead-4-sam-raimi|title=Sam Raimi's Next Project is ''Army of Darkness 2′' Not ''Evil Dead 4''|date=March 11, 2013 |publisher=Screenrant.com|access-date=March 17, 2013}}</ref> Álvarez revealed that Raimi would direct the sequel to ''Army of Darkness''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/fedalvar/statuses/394170890709000192?screen_name=fedalvar|title="@thielebenjamin: Hey @fedalvar will you be directing the Army Of Darkness 2 movie?" Sam Raimi will!|first=Fede|last=Alvarez|date=October 26, 2013|publisher=Twitter.com}}</ref> However, in a 2014 interview, [[Bruce Campbell]] announced that ''Army of Darkness 2'' is not happening, saying "It's all internet b.s. There's no reality whatsoever. These random comments slip out of either my mouth, or Sam Raimi's mouth, next thing you know, we're making a sequel."<ref>{{cite web|title=Bruce Campbell Wants to Set the Record Straight About Army of Darkness 2, And He Feels Bad for You |url=http://www.shocktillyoudrop.com/news/177109-bruce-campbell-wants-to-set-the-record-straight-about-army-of-darkness-2-and-he-feels-bad-for-you|publisher=Shock Till You Drop|date=November 5, 2014}}</ref>
[[File:Sam Raimi (14586619450).jpg|thumb|Raimi speaking at the 2014 [[San Diego Comic-Con]]]]
On February 26, 2016, it was confirmed that Raimi is attached to direct the upcoming film ''World War 3'' for [[Warner Bros.]] The film will be based on a possible future inspired by the book ''[[The Next 100 Years]]'' by [[George Friedman]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://collider.com/sam-raimi-world-war-3-movie-warner-bros/|title=Sam Raimi to Predict a Terrible Future in 'World War 3' for Warner Bros|access-date=November 19, 2017}}</ref>

On February 16, 2017, it was reported that Raimi will be directing a thriller about the [[Bermuda Triangle]] for [[Skydance Media]], with the script being written by Doug Miro and Carlo Bernard.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.comingsoon.net/movies/news/815295-sam-raimi-ventures-into-the-bermuda-triangle|title=Sam Raimi Ventures Into the Bermuda Triangle|date=February 16, 2017|access-date=November 19, 2017}}</ref>

By January 29, 2018, Raimi was set to direct the first in the movie adaptations of [[Patrick Rothfuss|Patrick Rothfuss's]] [[The Kingkiller Chronicle|Kingkiller Chronicle]] series, ''[[The Name of the Wind]]'', with Rothfuss and [[Lin-Manuel Miranda]] serving as executive producers.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://variety.com/2018/film/news/sam-raimi-kingkiller-chronicles-lionsgate-and-lin-manuel-miranda-1202678969/|title=Sam Raimi to Direct 'Kingkiller Chronicle' for Lionsgate and Lin-Manuel Miranda (Exclusive)|last=Kroll|first=Justin|date=January 29, 2018|magazine=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|language=en|access-date=December 7, 2018}}</ref>

On February 5, 2020, it was announced that Raimi was in talks with [[Marvel Studios]] to direct ''[[Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness]]'',<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://variety.com/2020/film/news/doctor-strange-2-sam-raimi-1203475309/ |title=Sam Raimi in Talks to Direct 'Doctor Strange 2' (EXCLUSIVE) |last1=B. Vary |first1=Adam |last2=Kroll |first2=Justin |work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |date=February 5, 2020 |access-date=February 5, 2020}}</ref> and Raimi confirmed his involvement in April 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.slashfilm.com/sam-raimi-doctor-strange/|title=Sam Raimi Confirms He's Directing 'Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness'|last=Evangelista|first=Chris|work=[[/Film]]|date=April 15, 2020|access-date=April 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200415211918/https://www.slashfilm.com/sam-raimi-doctor-strange/|archive-date=April 15, 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> This marked Raimi's return to the superhero film genre after more than 15 years following ''Spider-Man 3'' in 2007 and his first feature film directorial effort since 2013's ''Oz the Great and Powerful.''<ref>{{cite web |last=Lawrence |first=Gregory |date=September 30, 2021 |title=Sam Raimi Gets Candid on Why He'd Make 'Doctor Strange 2' After "Awful" Reaction to 'Spider-Man 3' |url=https://collider.com/doctor-strange-2-director-sam-raimi-comments-spider-man-3/ |website=[[Collider (website)|Collider]] |access-date=November 3, 2021}}</ref>

===Television===
In addition to film, Raimi has worked in television, producing such series as ''[[Hercules: The Legendary Journeys]]'' and its [[spin-off (media)|spin-off]] ''[[Xena: Warrior Princess]]'', both featuring his younger brother [[Ted Raimi]] and long-time friend [[Bruce Campbell]], ''[[American Gothic (1995 TV series)|American Gothic]]'', ''[[Cleopatra 2525]]'', ''[[M.A.N.T.I.S.]]'', ''[[13: Fear Is Real]]'', ''[[Young Hercules]]'', and ''[[Jack of All Trades (TV series)|Jack of All Trades]]''. In 2008, Raimi executive produced a syndicated TV series called ''[[Legend of the Seeker]]'', based on [[Terry Goodkind]]'s best-selling ''[[The Sword of Truth]]'' fantasy series. He also executive produced the [[Starz (TV channel)|Starz]] original television series ''[[Spartacus: Blood and Sand]]'', ''[[Spartacus: Gods of the Arena]]'',<ref>{{cite web |title = "Spartacus: Blood and Sand" cast and crew |url = http://www.starz.com/originals/spartacus/cast | access-date = January 30, 2010}}</ref> ''[[Spartacus: Vengeance]]'' and ''[[Spartacus: War of the Damned]]''. He directed the [[Television pilot|pilot]] episode of ''[[Ash vs Evil Dead]]'' for Starz.<ref>{{cite web |title = Sam Raimi Directing "Ash vs Evil Dead" Pilot|url = https://bloody-disgusting.com/news/3332996/sam-raimi-directing-ash-vs-evil-dead-pilot/| access-date = January 30, 2010}}</ref>

==Personal life==
Since 1993, Raimi has been married to Gillian Greene, daughter of Canadian actor [[Lorne Greene]]. They have five children; their three eldest, daughter Emma Rose and sons Lorne and Henry, appeared as extras in ''Drag Me to Hell'' and during the final battle in ''Spider-Man 3''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/Movies/story?id=7696412&page=1|title=Sam Raimi Returns to Horror Film Roots With 'Drag Me to Hell'|publisher=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]|language=en|access-date=February 6, 2020}}</ref>

===Political donations===
In 1995, Raimi donated $450 to the campaign of then-[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] Senator [[Arlen Specter]]. In 2002, he donated $1,000 to [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] Senator [[Barbara Boxer]]. During the [[2004 United States presidential election|2004 election cycle]], Raimi donated $900 to Republican President [[George W. Bush]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newsmeat.com/celebrity_political_donations/Sam_Raimi.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130118002403/http://www.newsmeat.com/celebrity_political_donations/Sam_Raimi.php|url-status=dead|archive-date=2013-01-18|title=Sam Raimi - Newsmeat|work=Newsmeat|access-date=5 January 2024}}</ref>

==Filmography==

===Film===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! width="65"| [[Film director|Director]]
! width="65"| [[Screenwriter|Writer]]
! width="65"| [[Film producer|Producer]]
! Notes
|-
| 1977
| ''[[It's Murder!]]''
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| [[Amateur film]]; also uncredited editor and sound mixer
|-
| 1981
| ''[[The Evil Dead]]''
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{partial|Executive}}
|
|-
| 1985
| ''[[Crimewave]]''
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| 
|-
| 1987
| ''[[Evil Dead II]]''
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| 
|-
| 1989
| ''[[Easy Wheels]]''
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| Credited as "Celia Abrams"
|-
| 1990
| ''[[Darkman]]''
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{partial|Executive}}
|
|-
| rowspan="2"|1992
| ''[[The Nutt House (film)|The Nutt House]]''
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| Credited as "[[Alan Smithee]] Jr."
|-
| ''[[Army of Darkness]]''
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| Also editor (credited as "R.O.C. Sandstorm")
|-
| 1994
| ''[[The Hudsucker Proxy]]'' 
| {{partial|2nd unit}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
|
|- 
| 1995
| ''[[The Quick and the Dead (1995 film)|The Quick and the Dead]]''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| 
|-
| 1998
| ''[[A Simple Plan (film)|A Simple Plan]]''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| 
|-
| 1999
| ''[[For Love of the Game (film)|For Love of the Game]]''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| 
|-
| 2000
| ''[[The Gift (2000 film)|The Gift]]'' 
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| 
|-
| 2002
| ''[[Spider-Man (2002 film)|Spider-Man]]''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| 
|-
| 2004
| ''[[Spider-Man 2]]''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| 
|-
| 2005
| ''[[Man with the Screaming Brain]]'' 
| {{no}}
| {{partial|Story}}
| {{no}}
| Credited as "R.O.C. Sandstorm"
|-
| 2007
| ''[[Spider-Man 3]]''
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| 
|-
| 2009
| ''[[Drag Me to Hell]]''
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| 
|-
| 2013
| ''[[Oz the Great and Powerful]]''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| 
|-
| 2022
| ''[[Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness]]''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| 
|-
| 2026
| ''[[Send Help]]''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
|
|}

{| style="width:100%;"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| width="40%" |
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Producer only
|-
! Year
! Title
! Director
|-
| 1994
| ''[[Timecop]]''
| [[Peter Hyams]]
|-
| 2004
| ''[[The Grudge (2004 film)|The Grudge]]''
| [[Takashi Shimizu]]
|-
| 2005
| ''[[Boogeyman (film)|Boogeyman]]''
| Stephen T. Kay
|-
| 2006
| ''[[The Grudge 2]]''
| Takashi Shimizu
|-
|rowspan="2"| 2007
| ''[[The Messengers (film)|The Messengers]]''
| [[Pang brothers|The Pang Brothers]]
|-
| ''[[30 Days of Night (film)|30 Days of Night]]''
| [[David Slade]]
|-
| 2012
| ''[[The Possession]]''
| [[Ole Bornedal]]
|-
| 2013
| ''[[Evil Dead (2013 film)|Evil Dead]]''
| [[Fede Álvarez]]
|-
| 2014
| ''[[Murder of a Cat]]''
| Gillian Greene
|-
| 2015
| ''[[Poltergeist (2015 film)|Poltergeist]]''
| [[Gil Kenan]]
|-
| 2016
| ''[[Don't Breathe]]''
| Fede Álvarez
|-
| 2019
| ''[[Crawl (2019 film)|Crawl]]''
| [[Alexandre Aja]]
|-
| 2020
| ''[[The Grudge (2020 film)|The Grudge]]''
| [[Nicolas Pesce]]
|-
| rowspan="3"|2021
| ''[[The Unholy (2021 film)|The Unholy]]''
| [[Evan Spiliotopoulos]]
|-
| ''[[Don't Breathe 2]]''
| [[Rodo Sayagues]]
|-
| ''[[Nightbooks]]''
| David Yarovesky
|-
| 2022
| ''[[Umma (2022 film)|Umma]]''
| Iris K. Shim
|-
| rowspan="2"|2023
| ''[[65 (film)|65]]''
| [[Scott Beck and Bryan Woods|Scott Beck<br>Bryan Woods]]
|-
| ''[[Boy Kills World]]''
| Moritz Mohr
|-
| 2024
| ''[[Don't Move (2024 film)|Don't Move]]''
| Adam Schindler<br />Brian Netto
|- 
| 2025
| ''[[Locked (film)|Locked]]''
| David Yarovesky 
|-
|}
| width="60%" |
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Executive producer only
|-
! Year
! Title
! Director
! Notes
|-
| 1989
| ''[[The Dead Next Door]]''
| [[J. R. Bookwalter]]
| 
|-
| 1991
| ''[[Lunatics: A Love Story]]''
| [[Josh Becker (filmmaker)|Josh Becker]]
| 
|-
| 1993
| ''[[Hard Target]]''
| [[John Woo]]
| 
|-
| 1995
| ''[[Darkman II: The Return of Durant]]''
|rowspan=2| Bradford May
|rowspan=5| [[Direct-to-video]]
|-
| 1996
| ''[[Darkman III: Die Darkman Die]]''
|-
|rowspan="2"|1998
|''[[Hercules and Xena – The Animated Movie: The Battle for Mount Olympus|Hercules and Xena –<br>The Animated Movie:<br>The Battle for Mount Olympus]]''
|Lynne Naylor
|-
|''[[Young Hercules]]''
|[[T.J. Scott]]
|-
| 2002
| ''[[Xena: Warrior Princess|Xena: Warrior Princess – A Friend in Need]]''
| [[Rob Tapert|Robert G. Tapert]]
|-
| 2007
| ''[[Rise: Blood Hunter]]''
| [[Sebastian Gutierrez (director)|Sebastian Gutierrez]]
| 
|-
| 2023
| ''[[Evil Dead Rise]]''
| [[Lee Cronin (director)|Lee Cronin]]
| 
|}
| width="50%" |
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Short film
|-
! Year
! Title
! width="65"| Director
! width="65"| Writer
! width="65"| Producer
! Notes
|-
| 1972
| ''Out West''
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| Also cinematographer
|-
| 1975
| ''The Great Bogus Monkey Pignuts Swindle''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
|
|-
|rowspan=4| 1976
| ''Uncivil War Birds''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
|
|-
| ''The James R. Hoffa Story, Part II''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
|
|-
| ''Mystery No Mystery''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
|
|-
| ''Attack of the Pillsbury Doughboy''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
|
|-
|rowspan=4| 1977
| ''The Happy Valley Kid''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
|
|-
| ''Six Months to Live''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
|
|-
| ''Picnic''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
|
|-
| ''Civil War Part II''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
|
|-
|rowspan=2| 1978
| ''[[Within the Woods]]''
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{partial|Executive}}
| Also editor
|-
| ''Clockwork''
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| 
|-
| 1979
| ''William Shakespeare: The Movie''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
|
|-
| 1985
| ''The Sappy Sap''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
|
|-
| 2017
| ''[[The Black Ghiandola]]''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| 
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+Acting roles
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Notes
|-
| 1977
| ''[[It's Murder!]]''
| Uncle Jasper
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|1978
| ''[[Attack of the Helping Hand]]''
| Milk Man
| Short film
|-
| ''Shemp Eats the Moon''
| Angelo the Knife
| Short film
|-
| 1981
| ''[[The Evil Dead]]''
| Hitchhiker
| Uncredited
|-
| 1982
| ''[[Cleveland Smith: Bounty Hunter]]''
| Nazi
| Short film
|-
| 1983
| ''Hefty's''
| Cook No. 2
|
|-
| 1985
| ''[[Spies Like Us]]''
| Drive-in guard No. 2
|
|-
|rowspan=2| 1987
| ''[[Evil Dead II]]''
| Knight hailing Ash
| Uncredited
|-
| ''[[Thou Shalt Not Kill... Except]]''
| Cult leader
|
|-
| 1988
| ''[[Maniac Cop]]''
| News Reporter
|
|-
| 1989
| ''[[Intruder (1989 film)|Intruder]]''
| Randy
|
|-
|rowspan="2" |1990
| ''[[Miller's Crossing]]''
| Snickering Gunman
|
|-
| ''[[Maniac Cop 2]]''
| Newscaster
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |1992
| ''[[Innocent Blood (film)|Innocent Blood]]''
| Roma Meats Man
|
|-
| ''[[Army of Darkness]]''
| Knight in Sweatshirt and Sneakers 
| Uncredited
|-
| rowspan=2|1993
| ''[[Indian Summer (1993 film)|Indian Summer]]''
| Stick Coder
|
|-
| ''[[Body Bags (film)|Body Bags]]''
| Dead Bill
| Segment: "The Gas Station"
|-
| rowspan=2 |1994
| ''[[The Hudsucker Proxy]]''
| Hudsucker Brainstormer
|
|-
| ''{{sortname|The|Flintstones|The Flintstones (film)}}''
| Cliff Vandercave Look-A-Like
|
|-
| 1995
| ''[[Galaxis]]''
| Nervous Official
|
|-
| 2002
| ''[[Spider-Man (2002 film)|Spider-Man]]''
| Popcorn-Throwing Wrestling Fan
| Offscreen
|-
| 2009
| ''[[Drag Me to Hell]]''
| Ghost at Seance
| Uncredited
|-
| 2013
| ''[[3 Geezers!]]''
| Sam
|
|-
| 2016
| ''[[The Jungle Book (2016 film)|The Jungle Book]]''
| Giant Squirrel
| Voice role
|}

===Television===
{|class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! width="65"| [[Television director|Director]]
! width="65"| [[Screenwriter|Writer]]
! width="65"| [[Television producer|Executive<br>Producer]]
!Creator
! Notes
|-
| 1994–1997
| ''[[M.A.N.T.I.S.]]''
| {{no}}
| {{Partial|Story}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| Wrote story for "Pilot"
|-
|1995–2001
|''[[Xena: Warrior Princess]]''
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
|{{yes|Developer}}
|
|-
|1997
|''[[Spy Game (TV series)|Spy Game]]''
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
|
|-
|2008–2010
|''[[Legend of the Seeker]]''
| {{no}}
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
|
|-
| 2014
| ''[[Rake (U.S. TV series)|Rake]]''
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| 2 episodes
|-
| 2015{{ndash}}2018
| ''[[Ash vs Evil Dead]]'' 
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
|{{yes|Developer}}
| Wrote and directed episode: "El Jefe"
|-
| 2020
| ''[[50 States of Fright]]''
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{no}}
| 3 episodes
|-
|}

{|class="wikitable"
|+ Executive producer only
|-
! Year
! Title
! Notes 
|-
|rowspan=4|1994
| ''[[Hercules and the Lost Kingdom]]''
|rowspan=4|TV movie
|-
| ''[[Hercules and the Circle of Fire]]''
|-
| ''[[Hercules in the Underworld]]''
|-
|''[[Hercules in the Maze of the Minotaur]]''
|-
| 1995–1996
| ''[[American Gothic (1995 TV series)|American Gothic]]''
| 
|-
| 1995–1999
| ''[[Hercules: The Legendary Journeys]]''
| 
|-
| 1998–1999
| ''[[Young Hercules]]''
| 
|-
| 2000
| ''[[Jack of All Trades (TV series)|Jack of All Trades]]''
| 
|-
| 2000–2001
| ''[[Cleopatra 2525]]''
| 
|-
| 2009
| ''[[13: Fear Is Real]]''
|
|-
| 2010
| ''Zombie Roadkill''
| 
|-
| 2011
| ''[[Spartacus: Gods of the Arena]]''
| 
|-
| 2013
| ''[[Spartacus: War of the Damned]]''
| 
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+Acting roles
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Notes
|-
| 1993
| ''[[Journey to the Center of the Earth (1993 film)|Journey to the Center of the Earth]]''
| Collins
| TV movie
|-
| 1994
| ''[[The Stand (1994 miniseries)|The Stand]]''
| Bobby Terry
|rowspan=2|Miniseries
|-
| 1997
| ''[[The Shining (miniseries)|The Shining]]''
| Gas Station Howie
|}

==Awards==
* [[Sitges Film Festival|Sitges – Catalan International Film Festival]] Prize of the International Critics' Jury 1981
* Sitges – Catalan International Film Festival Best Director Award 1990
* Sitges – Catalan International Film Festival Time-Machine Honorary Award 1992
* [[Brussels International Festival of Fantasy Film]] Golden Raven Award 1993
* [[Fantasporto]] Critics' Award 1993
* [[Cognac Festival du Film Policier]] Special Jury Prize 1999
* [[Saturn Award]] Best Director Award 2004
* [[Empire Award]] Best Director Award 2004
* [[Inkpot Award]] 2014<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.comic-con.org/awards/inkpot| title = Inkpot Award| date = December 6, 2012}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Sam Raimi's unrealized projects]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons}}
{{Wikiquote}}
* {{IMDb name|0000600}}

{{Sam Raimi}}
{{Navboxes
|title = Awards for Sam Raimi
|list =
{{Empire Award for Best Director}}
{{The George Pal Memorial Award}}
{{Inkpot Award 2010s}}
{{Saturn Award for Best Director}}
}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Raimi, Sam}}
[[Category:Sam Raimi| ]]
[[Category:1959 births]]
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[[Category:Raimi family|Sam]]
[[Category:20th-century American Jews]]
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