Editing Sander Levin

{{Short description|American politician (born 1931)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2013}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Sander Levin
| image = Sander Levin, Official Portrait.JPG
| signature = Sander Levin Signature.svg
| party = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| office  = Member of the <br />[[U.S. House of Representatives]]<br />from [[Michigan]]
| term_start  = January 3, 1983
| term_end  = January 3, 2019
| predecessor  = [[William M. Brodhead]]
| successor  = [[Andy Levin]]
| constituency  = [[Michigan's 17th congressional district|17th district]] (1983–1993)<br />[[Michigan's 12th congressional district|12th district]] (1993–2013)<br />[[Michigan's 9th congressional district|9th district]] (2013–2019)
| office1 = Chair of the [[United States House Committee on Ways and Means|House Ways and Means Committee]]
| term_start1 = March 4, 2010
| term_end1 = January 3, 2011
| predecessor1 = [[Charlie Rangel]]
| successor1 = [[Dave Camp]]
| state_senate3 = Michigan
| district3 = [[Michigan's 15th Senate district|15th]]
| term_start3 = January 13, 1965
| term_end3 = January 13, 1971
| predecessor3 = [[John Warner Fitzgerald|John W. Fitzgerald]]
| successor3 = Daniel S. Cooper
| birth_name = Sander Martin Levin
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1931|9|6}}
| birth_place = [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]], U.S.
| death_date = 
| death_place = 
| spouse = {{plainlist|
* {{marriage|Vicki Schlafer|1958|2008|end=died}}
* {{marriage|Pamela Cole|2012}}
}}
| relatives = [[Carl Levin]] (brother)
| children = 4, including [[Andy Levin|Andy]]
| education = [[University of Chicago]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])<br />[[Columbia University]] ([[Master of Arts|MA]])<br />[[Harvard University]] ([[Bachelor of Laws|LLB]])
| module              = {{Listen|pos=center|embed=yes|filename=Rep. Sander Levin on the Bosnian War.ogg|title=Sander Levin's voice|type=speech|description=Sander Levin on U.S. government leadership in the [[Bosnian War]]<br/>Recorded May 6, 1993}}
}}

'''Sander Martin Levin''' (born September 6, 1931) is an American politician who served in the [[United States House of Representatives]] from 1983 to 2019, representing {{ushr|Michigan|9}} (numbered as the {{ushr|Michigan|17|17th District}} from 1983 to 1993 and as the {{ushr|Michigan|12|12th District}} from 1993 to 2013). Levin, a member of the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] from [[Michigan]], is a former ranking member on the [[United States House Committee on Ways and Means|House Ways and Means Committee]];<ref name="house-democrats-sander-levin-231964">{{cite news | url=http://www.politico.com/story/2016/11/house-democrats-sander-levin-231964 | title=Becerra vies for Ways and Means post as Levin steps aside  | author=Caygle, Heather| author2=Becker, Bernie | newspaper=[[Politico]] | date=November 11, 2010 | access-date=February 2, 2017}}</ref> he was Chairman of the Ways and Means Committee from 2010 to 2011. He was the older brother of former [[United States Senate|U.S. Senator]] [[Carl Levin]], and is the father of former Congressman [[Andy Levin]], his successor.

In December 2017, Levin announced that he would retire from [[United States Congress|Congress]] at the end of his current term, and not seek re-election in [[United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 2018#District 9|2018]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Peterson |first=Kristina |date=December 2, 2017 |title=Rep. Sander Levin of Michigan to Retire |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/rep-sander-levin-of-michigan-to-retire-1512230164 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] }}</ref> His son Andy was elected on November 6, 2018, and took office in the [[116th United States Congress|116th Congress]], which commenced on January 3, 2019.

==Early life and education==
Levin was born in Detroit, Michigan, the son of [[Jew]]ish parents Bess Rachel (née Levinson) and Saul R. Levin.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sVQfAQAAMAAJ&q=Bess+Rachel+Levinson+levin|title = Who's who in Government|date = November 1977| publisher=Marquis Who's Who. |isbn = 9780837912035}}</ref> He graduated from [[Central High School (Detroit, Michigan)|Central High School]] in Detroit, received a bachelor's degree from the [[University of Chicago]] in 1952, a [[Master's degree]] in international relations from [[Columbia University]] in 1954, and a law degree from [[Harvard Law School]] in 1957. Afterwards, he developed a private practice in Detroit.

==State politics==
Levin was named chairman of the [[Oakland County, Michigan|Oakland County]] Democratic Party in 1962.<ref>{{cite news |title=Levin to Head Oakland Dems |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/60240211/levin-to-head-oakland-dems/ |access-date=September 29, 2020 |work=[[Detroit Free Press]] |date=January 19, 1962 |page=2|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref> He was elected as [[Michigan Senate|State Senator]] for the [[Michigan's 15th Senate district|15th district]] in 1964, defeating Republican George W. Kuhn.<ref>{{cite news |title=Scliweigert vs. Schneider in State's 37th District |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/60240448/obituary-for-scliweigert-vs-schneider/ |access-date=September 29, 2020 |work=The Evening News |agency=[[Associated Press]] |date=September 3, 1964 |location=[[Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan|Saulte Ste. Marie]] |page=5}}</ref>
Levin served in the position until 1970.<ref name="congressbio" /> Following the 1967 resignation of [[Michigan Democratic Party]] chairman [[Zolton Ferency]], Levin was elected state party chairman on December 17. He resigned his position as minority [[floor leader]] the following January.<ref>{{cite news |title=Levin Resigns Senate Dem Post |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/60242294/levin-resigns-senate-dem-post/ |access-date=September 29, 2020 |work=[[The Times Herald]] |agency=[[Associated Press]] |date=January 11, 1968|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref> He served as Senate minority leader from January 1969 to January 1970, when he resigned to run for governor.<ref>{{cite news |title=Quits Senate minority post |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/60243768/quits-senate-minority-post/ |access-date=September 29, 2020 |work=[[Battle Creek Enquirer]] |agency=[[Associated Press]] |date=January 12, 1970|via=[[Newspaper.com]]}}</ref>

He made unsuccessful campaigns for [[Governor of Michigan]] in [[1970 Michigan gubernatorial election|1970]] and [[1974 Michigan gubernatorial election|1974]], both times losing to [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] [[William Milliken]]. He was a Fellow of the [[Harvard Kennedy School]] in 1975. From 1977 through 1981 he was assistant administrator of the [[Agency for International Development]].<ref name="congressbio">{{cite web |title=LEVIN, Sander Martin (1931-) |url=https://bioguideretro.congress.gov/Home/MemberDetails?memIndex=L000263 |website=[[Biographical Directory of the United States Congress]] |publisher=[[United States Congress]] |access-date=September 29, 2020}}</ref>

==U.S. House of Representatives==

===Elections===
In 1982, incumbent Democratic U.S. Congressman [[William Brodhead]] decided not to run for re-election, instead making an unsuccessful run for governor. Levin won the Democratic primary in [[Michigan's 17th congressional district]] with 49% of the vote,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=225300 |title=MI District 17 - D Primary Race - Aug 03, 1982 |publisher=Our Campaigns |access-date=December 21, 2011}}</ref> which at that time included northwestern Detroit as well as parts of Macomb and Oakland counties. Levin subsequently won this 1982 general election with 67% of the vote.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=37150 |title=MI District 17 Race - Nov 02, 1982 |publisher=Our Campaigns |access-date=December 21, 2011}}</ref> He typically won re-election with at least 56% of the vote since then, exceptions being 1992 and 1994 elections. After the [[1990 United States census]], his district was renumbered as the 12th district and lost its share of Detroit. In 1992, he narrowly defeated businessman and [[Vietnam War]] veteran [[John Pappageorge]] 53%-46%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=28019 |title=MI District 12 Race - Nov 03, 1992 |publisher=Our Campaigns |access-date=December 21, 2011}}</ref> In a 1994 rematch, Levin again defeated this same opponent, during the midst of the [[Republican Revolution]], 52%-47%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=28905 |title=MI District 12 Race - Nov 08, 1994 |publisher=Our Campaigns |access-date=December 21, 2011}}</ref> Then again in 1996, Levin defeated Pappageorge by a larger margin in a third rematch 57%-41%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=29544 |title=MI District 12 Race - Nov 05, 1996 |publisher=Our Campaigns |access-date=December 21, 2011}}</ref> In 1998, Levin won re-election against Republican nominee Leslie A. Touma, 56%-42%.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=30690 |title=MI District 12 Race - Nov 03, 1998 |publisher=Our Campaigns |access-date=December 21, 2011}}</ref> In 2000, Detroit Metro area businessman Bart Baron gained the endorsement of the [[United Auto Workers]] Union, but Levin still managed to win re-election with 64% of the vote.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=510 |title=MI District 12 Race - Nov 07, 2000 |publisher=Our Campaigns |access-date=December 21, 2011}}</ref> The 2000s redistricting added heavily Democratic [[Southfield, Michigan|Southfield]] and Mount Clemens to the district, and he won re-election in every election with at least 61% of the vote since.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/CandidateDetail.html?CandidateID=1272 |title=Candidate - Sander Levin |publisher=Our Campaigns |access-date=December 21, 2011}}</ref>

;2012
{{See also|2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan#District 9}}
After redistricting, Levin's district was merged with the 9th District of fellow Democrat [[Gary Peters]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mlive.com/politics/index.ssf/2011/06/sander_levin_pans_republican_r.html |title=Sander Levin pans Republican redistricting map |publisher=MLive.com |agency=Associated Press |date=June 28, 2011 |access-date=December 21, 2011}}</ref>  The district retained Peters' district number—the 9th—but geographically was more Levin's district. Peters opted to run in the newly redrawn [[Michigan's 14th congressional district|14th District]].<ref>{{cite news|last=McCarty|first=Alicia| url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/politics/story/2011-11-02/2012-elections-preview-midwest/51128656/1 | work=USA Today | title=A look ahead to the key races in the Midwest in 2012 | date=November 8, 2011}}</ref> This effectively handed the Democratic nomination to Levin. While he lost Southfield to the 14th, it picked up the rest of Royal Oak, as well as Oak Park, [[Clawson, Michigan|Clawson]] and [[Berkley, Michigan|Berkley]], among other locations. It was no less Democratic than its predecessor, and Levin breezed to a 16th term with 61.4 percent of the vote.

===Committee assignments===
* [[United States House Committee on Ways and Means|Committee on Ways and Means]] (former Ranking Member)
** [[United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Trade|Subcommittee on Trade]] (Ranking Member)
** [[United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Income Security and Family Support|Subcommittee on Income Security]]

Levin took over as chairman of the Ways and Means committee on March 4, 2010, when [[Charles B. Rangel]] of New York stepped aside in due to a number of ethics violations.<ref name="wp2010030402172">{{cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/03/04/AR2010030402172.html | title=Levin is acting chairman of Ways and Means panel | author=Ohlemacher, Stephen| author2=Margasak, Larry | newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] | date=March 4, 2010 | access-date=March 4, 2010}}{{dead link|date=June 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> Levin served as chairman until January 2011 and ranking member until the end of 2016.<ref name="house-democrats-sander-levin-231964"/>

Levin was a member of the [[House Baltic Caucus]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Members|url=http://housebalticcaucus.webs.com/members|publisher=House Baltic Caucus|access-date=21 February 2018}}</ref> and the [[Congressional Arts Caucus]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Membership|url=https://artscaucus-slaughter.house.gov/membership|publisher=Congressional Arts Caucus|access-date=21 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140644/https://artscaucus-slaughter.house.gov/membership|archive-date=June 12, 2018|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref>

==Political positions==

===Foreign policy===
As a member of Congress, Levin was a supporter of [[Israel]]. He supported the [[Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action|nuclear deal with Iran]], and said that Israel, the region, and the world would be more secure under the Iran nuclear deal.<ref>{{Cite news |author=Tamar Pileggi |date=July 28, 2015 |url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/prominent-jewish-democratic-lawmaker-backs-iran-deal/ |title=Prominent Jewish Democratic lawmaker backs Iran deal |agency=Associated Press |website=The Times of Israel |access-date=2018-08-13}}</ref>

==Personal life==
His wife of 50 years, Vicki Schlafer, died on September 4, 2008. They had four children: [[Andy Levin|Andy]], Jennifer, Madeleine, and Matthew and ten grandchildren.

In a private ceremony in July 2012, Levin married Pamela Cole, age 61, a [[Pennsylvania State University]] psychology professor who studies emotional development. They met through his late wife Vicki. Cole and Levin worked to create a fund in her name for young professionals researching early childhood development.<ref>{{cite web|last=Kaner|first=David|title=Rep. Levin marries Penn State professor|url=https://thehill.com/blogs/twitter-room/other-news/122057-rep-levin-marries-penn-state-professor/ |newspaper=The Hill|date=August 8, 2012 |access-date=8 August 2012}}</ref>

Levin comes from a family that has long been prominent in Michigan politics. His younger brother [[Carl Levin]] was the state's senior Senator until his retirement in January 2015. His uncle, [[Theodore Levin|Theodore]], was a federal judge. His first cousin [[Charles Levin (judge)|Charles]] was a [[Michigan Supreme Court]] justice, after serving as a [[Michigan Court of Appeals]] judge. Another first cousin, Joseph Levin, was a candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives. His son [[Andy Levin]] was an unsuccessful candidate for the [[Michigan Senate]] in 2006,<!-- the archiveURL is to a deadlink at freep, it's worthless! <ref>[http://www.freep.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20061108/NEWS06/611080433/1008/NEWS06 ]  {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929132904/http://www.freep.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F20061108%2FNEWS06%2F611080433%2F1008%2FNEWS06 |date=September 29, 2007 }}</ref>--> but in 2018 was elected to succeed him in the United States House of Representatives.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Duffy |first=Vincent |url=http://www.michiganradio.org/post/andy-levin-declares-victory-9th-congressional-democratic-race|title=Andy Levin declares victory in 9th Congressional Democratic race |access-date=2018-09-19}}</ref>

==Electoral history==
{{s-start}}
|+ {{ushr|Michigan|17|}}: Results 1982–1990<ref name="clerk">{{cite web|url=http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/index.html |title=Office of the House Clerk – Electoral Statistics |publisher=Clerk of the United States House of Representatives |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080730201058/http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/index.html |archive-date=July 30, 2008 |df=mdy }}</ref><ref name="fedelect"/>
! Year
!
! Democratic
! Votes
! %
!
! Republican
! Votes
! %
!
! Third party
! Party
! Votes
! %
!
|-
|[[United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 1982|1982]]
||
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |'''Sander Levin'''
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |116,901
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |67%
|
|{{party shading/Republican}} |[[Gerald Ellis Rosen|Gerald Rosen]]
|{{party shading/Republican}} |55,620
|{{party shading/Republican}} |32%
|
|{{party shading/Libertarian}} |Virginia Cropsey
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |[[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]
|{{party shading/Libertarian}} |2,955
|{{party shading/Libertarian}} |2%
|
|-
|[[1984 United States House of Representatives elections|1984]]
||
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |'''Sander Levin''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |133,064
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |100%
|
| |''No candidate''
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|[[United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 1986|1986]]
||
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |'''Sander Levin''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |105,031
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |76%
|
|{{party shading/Republican}} |Calvin Williams
|{{party shading/Republican}} |30,879
|{{party shading/Republican}} |22%
|
|{{party shading/Nonpartisan}} |Charles Martell
|{{Party shading/Nonpartisan}} |[[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
|{{party shading/Nonpartisan}} |1,477
|{{party shading/Nonpartisan}} |1%
|
|-
|[[1988 United States House of Representatives elections|1988]]
||
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |'''Sander Levin''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |135,493
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |70%
|
|{{party shading/Republican}} |Dennis Flessland
|{{party shading/Republican}} |55,197
|{{party shading/Republican}} |29%
|
|{{party shading/Libertarian}} |Charles Hahn
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |[[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]
|{{party shading/Libertarian}} |2,333
|{{party shading/Libertarian}} |1%
|
|-
|[[United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 1990|1990]]
||
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |'''Sander Levin''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |92,205
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |70%
|
|{{party shading/Republican}} |Blaine Lankford
|{{party shading/Republican}} |40,100
|{{party shading/Republican}} |30%
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{s-end}}

{{s-start}}
|+ {{ushr|Michigan|12|}}: Results 1992–2010<ref name="clerk"/><ref name="fedelect">{{cite web|url=http://www.fec.gov/pubrec/electionresults.shtml|title=Election Results|publisher=Federal Election Commission|pages=1998, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008}}</ref>
! Year
!
! Democratic
! Votes
! %
!
! Republican
! Votes
! %
!
! Third party
! Party
! Votes
! %
!
! Third party
! Party
! Votes
! %
!
! Third party
! Party
! Votes
! %
|-
|[[United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 1992|1992]]
||
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |'''Sander Levin''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |137,514
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |53%
|
|{{party shading/Republican}} |[[John Pappageorge]]
|{{party shading/Republican}} |119,357
|{{party shading/Republican}} |46%
|
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Charles Hahn
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |[[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |2,751
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |1%
|
|! style="background:#00bfff; "|R. W. Montgomery
|! style="background:#00bfff; "|[[Natural Law Party (United States)|Natural Law]]
|! style="background:#00bfff; "|1,724
|! style="background:#00bfff; "|1%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|[[United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 1994|1994]]
||
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |'''Sander Levin''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |103,508
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |52%
|
|{{party shading/Republican}} |[[John Pappageorge]]
|{{party shading/Republican}} |92,762
|{{party shading/Republican}} |47%
|
|{{party shading/Nonpartisan}} |[[Jerry White (socialist)|Jerome White]]
|{{Party shading/Nonpartisan}} |[[Independent politician|No party affiliation]]
|{{party shading/Nonpartisan}} |1,386
|{{party shading/Nonpartisan}} |1%
|
|! style="background:#00bfff; "|Eric Anderson
|! style="background:#00bfff; "|[[Natural Law Party (United States)|Natural Law]]
|! style="background:#00bfff; "|1,340
|! style="background:#00bfff; "|1%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|[[United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 1996|1996]]
||
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |'''Sander Levin''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |133,436
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |57%
|
|{{party shading/Republican}} |[[John Pappageorge]]
|{{party shading/Republican}} |94,235
|{{party shading/Republican}} |41%
|
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Albert Titran
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |[[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]
|{{party shading/Libertarian}} |3,101
|{{party shading/Libertarian}} |1%
|
|! style="background:#00bfff; "|Gail Petrosoff
|! style="background:#00bfff; "|[[Natural Law Party (United States)|Natural Law]]
|! style="background:#00bfff; "|1,690
|! style="background:#00bfff; "|1%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|[[United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 1998|1998]]
||
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |'''Sander Levin''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |105,824
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |56%
|
|{{party shading/Republican}} |Leslie Touma
|{{party shading/Republican}} |79,619
|{{party shading/Republican}} |42%
|
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Albert Titran
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |[[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]
|{{party shading/Libertarian}} |2,813
|{{party shading/Libertarian}} |1%
|
|! style="background:#00bfff; "|Fred Rosenberg
|! style="background:#00bfff; "|[[Natural Law Party (United States)|Natural Law]]
|! style="background:#00bfff; "|1,172
|! style="background:#00bfff; "|1%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|[[United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 2000|2000]]
||
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |'''Sander Levin''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |157,720
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |64%
|
|{{party shading/Republican}} |Bart Baron
|{{party shading/Republican}} |78,795
|{{party shading/Republican}} |32%
|
|{{party shading/Green}} |Thomas Ness
|{{party shading/Green}} |[[Green Party (United States)|Green]]
|{{party shading/Green}} |4,137
|{{party shading/Green}} |2%
|
|{{party shading/Libertarian}} |Andrew LeCureaux
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |[[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]
|{{party shading/Libertarian}} |3,630
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |1%
|
|! style="background:#00bfff; "|Fred Rosenberg
|! style="background:#00bfff; "|[[Natural Law Party (United States)|Natural Law]]
|! style="background:#00bfff; "|887
|! style="background:#00bfff; "|0%
|
|-
|[[United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 2002|2002]]
||
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |'''Sander Levin''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |140,970
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |68%
|
|{{party shading/Republican}} |Harvey Dean
|{{party shading/Republican}} |61,502
|{{party shading/Republican}} |30%
|
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Dick Gach
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |[[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |2,694
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |1%
|
|{{party shading/Constitution}} |Steven Revis
|{{Party shading/Constitution}} |[[U.S. Taxpayers Party of Michigan|U.S. Taxpayers]]
|{{party shading/Constitution}} |1,362
|{{party shading/Constitution}} |1%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|[[United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 2004|2004]]
||
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |'''Sander Levin''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |210,827
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |69%
|
|{{party shading/Republican}} |Randell Shafer
|{{party shading/Republican}} |88,256
|{{party shading/Republican}} |29%
|
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Dick Gach
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |[[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]
|{{party shading/Libertarian}} |5,051
|{{party shading/Libertarian}} |2%
|
|
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|
|-
|[[United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 2006|2006]]
||
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |'''Sander Levin''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |168,494
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |71%
|
|{{party shading/Republican}} |Randell Shafer
|{{party shading/Republican}} |62,689
|{{party shading/Republican}} |26%
|
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Andrew LeCureaux
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |[[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]
|{{party shading/Libertarian}} |3,259
|{{party shading/Libertarian}} |1%
|
|{{party shading/Nonpartisan}} |[[Jerry White (socialist)|Jerome White]]
|{{Party shading/Nonpartisan}} |No party affiliation
|{{party shading/Nonpartisan}} |1,862
|{{party shading/Nonpartisan}} |1%
|
|{{party shading/Green}} |Art Myatt
|{{party shading/Green}} |[[Green Party (United States)|Green]]
|{{party shading/Green}} |1,735
|{{party shading/Green}} |1%
|
|-
|[[United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 2008|2008]]
||
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |'''Sander Levin''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |225,094
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |72%
|
|{{party shading/Republican}} |Bert Copple
|{{party shading/Republican}} |74,565
|{{party shading/Republican}} |24%
|
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |John Vico
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |[[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]
|{{party shading/Libertarian}} |4,767
|{{party shading/Libertarian}} |2%
|
|{{party shading/Constitution}} |Les Townsend
|{{Party shading/Constitution}} |[[U.S. Taxpayers Party of Michigan|U.S. Taxpayers]]
|{{party shading/Constitution}} |4,076
|{{party shading/Constitution}} |1%
|
|{{party shading/Green}} |William Opalicky
|{{party shading/Green}} |[[Green Party (United States)|Green]]
|{{party shading/Green}} |3,842
|{{party shading/Green}} |1%
|-
|[[United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 2010|2010]]
||
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |'''Sander Levin''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |124,671
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |61%
|
|{{party shading/Republican}} |Don Volaric
|{{party shading/Republican}} |71,372
|{{party shading/Republican}} |35%
|
|{{party shading/Green}} |Julia Williams
|{{party shading/Green}} |[[Green Party (United States)|Green]]
|{{party shading/Green}} |3,038
|{{party shading/Green}} |1%
|
|{{party shading/Libertarian}} |Leonard Schwartz
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |[[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]
|{{party shading/Libertarian}} |2,342
|{{party shading/Libertarian}} |1%
|
|{{party shading/Constitution}} |Les Townsend
|{{Party shading/Constitution}} |[[U.S. Taxpayers Party of Michigan|U.S. Taxpayers]]
|{{party shading/Constitution}} |2,285
|{{party shading/Constitution}} |1%
|*<!--Alan Jacquemotte also got 409 votes as a Natural Law candidate.-->
{{s-end}}

{{s-start}}
|+ {{ushr|Michigan|9|}}: Results 2012–<ref>{{cite web |author=Ruth Johnson, Secretary of State |url=http://miboecfr.nictusa.com/election/results/12GEN/06009000.html |title=Election Results: General Election November 06, 2012 |publisher=Michigan Department of State |access-date=2013-02-14 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116020259/http://miboecfr.nictusa.com/election/results/12GEN/06009000.html |archive-date=January 16, 2013 |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://miboecfr.nictusa.com/election/results/2016GEN_CENR.html |title=2016 Michigan Election Results |publisher=Michigan Department of State |access-date=May 27, 2017}}</ref>
! Year
!
! Democratic
! Votes
! %
!
! Republican
! Votes
! %
!
! Third party
! Party
! Votes
! %
!
! Third party
! Party
! Votes
! %
!
! Third party
! Party
! Votes
! %
!
|-
|[[United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 2012|2012]]
||
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |'''Sander Levin''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |208,846
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |62%
|
|{{party shading/Republican}} |Don Volaric
|{{party shading/Republican}} |114,760
|{{party shading/Republican}} |34%
|
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Jim Fulner
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |[[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |6,100
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |2%
|
|{{party shading/Green}} |Julia Williams
|{{party shading/Green}} |[[Green Party (United States)|Green]]
|{{party shading/Green}} |4,708
|{{party shading/Green}} |1%
|
|{{party shading/Constitution}} |Les Townsend
|{{Party shading/Constitution}} |[[U.S. Taxpayers Party of Michigan|U.S. Taxpayers]]
|{{party shading/Constitution}} |2,902
|{{party shading/Constitution}} |1%
|
|-
|[[United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 2014|2014]]
||
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |'''Sander Levin''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |136,342
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |60%
|
|{{party shading/Republican}} |George Brikho
|{{party shading/Republican}} |81,470
|{{party shading/Republican}} |36%
|
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |[[Gregory Creswell]]
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |[[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |4,792
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |2%
|
|{{party shading/Green}} |John McDermott
|{{party shading/Green}} |[[Green Party (United States)|Green]]
|{{party shading/Green}} |3,153
|{{party shading/Green}} |1%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|[[United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 2016|2016]]
||
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |'''Sander Levin''' '''(incumbent)'''
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |199,661
|{{party shading/Democratic}} |58%
|
|{{party shading/Republican}} |Christopher Morse
|{{party shading/Republican}} |128,937
|{{party shading/Republican}} |37%
|
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |Matthew Orlando
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} |[[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |9,563
|{{Party shading/Libertarian}} align="right" |3%
|
|{{party shading/Green}} |John McDermott
|{{party shading/Green}} |[[Green Party (United States)|Green]]
|{{party shading/Green}} |6,614
|{{party shading/Green}} |2%
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{s-end}}

==See also==
* [[List of Jewish members of the United States Congress]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{CongLinks | congbio=L000263 | votesmart=26918 | fec=H2MI17023 | congress=sander-levin/L000263 }}
* {{C-SPAN|251}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-par|us-mi-sen}}
{{s-bef|before=[[John Warner Fitzgerald|John W. Fitzgerald]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of the [[Michigan Senate]]<br>from the [[Michigan's 15th Senate district|15th]] district|years=1965–1971}}
{{s-aft|after=Daniel S. Cooper}}
|-
{{s-ppo}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Zolton Ferency]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] nominee for [[Governor of Michigan]]|years=[[1970 Michigan gubernatorial election|1970]], [[1974 Michigan gubernatorial election|1974]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[William B. Fitzgerald Jr.]]}}
|-
{{s-par|us-hs}}
{{s-bef|before=[[William M. Brodhead]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of the [[List of United States Representatives from Michigan|U.S. House of Representatives]]<br />from [[Michigan's 17th congressional district]]|years=1983–1993}}
{{s-non|reason=Constituency abolished}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[David E. Bonior]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of the [[List of United States Representatives from Michigan|U.S. House of Representatives]]<br />from [[Michigan's 12th congressional district]]|years=1993–2013}}
{{s-aft|after=[[John Dingell]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Gary Peters]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of the [[List of United States Representatives from Michigan|U.S. House of Representatives]]<br />from [[Michigan's 9th congressional district]]|years=2013–2019}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Andy Levin]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Chuck Hagel]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Chair of the [[Congressional-Executive Commission on China|Joint China Commission]]|years=2007–2009}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Byron Dorgan]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Charles Rangel|Charlie Rangel]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Chair of the [[United States House Committee on Ways and Means|House Ways and Means Committee]]|years=2010–2011}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Dave Camp]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=Dave Camp}}
{{s-ttl|title=Ranking Member of the [[United States House Committee on Ways and Means|House Ways and Means Committee]]|years=2011–2017}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Richard Neal]]}}
|-
{{s-prec|usa}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Pete Visclosky]]|as=Former US Representative}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[United States order of precedence|Order of precedence of the United States]]<br>''{{small|as Former US Representative}}''|years=}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Fred Upton]]|as=Former US Representative}}
{{s-end}}

{{USCongRep-start|congresses= 98th–115th [[United States Congress]]es |state=[[Michigan]]}}
{{USCongRep/MI/98}}
{{USCongRep/MI/99}}
{{USCongRep/MI/100}}
{{USCongRep/MI/101}}
{{USCongRep/MI/102}}
{{USCongRep/MI/103}}
{{USCongRep/MI/104}}
{{USCongRep/MI/105}}
{{USCongRep/MI/106}}
{{USCongRep/MI/107}}
{{USCongRep/MI/108}}
{{USCongRep/MI/109}}
{{USCongRep/MI/110}}
{{USCongRep/MI/111}}
{{USCongRep/MI/112}}
{{USCongRep/MI/113}}
{{USCongRep/MI/114}}
{{USCongRep/MI/115}}
{{USCongRep-end}}
{{US House Ways and Means chairs}}
{{U.S. Michigan Representatives}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Levin, Sander M.}}
[[Category:1931 births]]
[[Category:Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Michigan]]
[[Category:Harvard Law School alumni]]
[[Category:Jewish American people in Michigan politics]]
[[Category:Jewish members of the United States House of Representatives]]
[[Category:Harvard Kennedy School staff]]
[[Category:Lawyers from Detroit]]
[[Category:Levin family|Sander]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Democratic Party Michigan state senators]]
[[Category:Politicians from Detroit]]
[[Category:School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University alumni]]
[[Category:University of Chicago alumni]]
[[Category:Central High School (Detroit) alumni]]
[[Category:21st-century American Jews]]
[[Category:21st-century members of the United States House of Representatives]]
[[Category:20th-century members of the Michigan Legislature]]