Editing Shinjuku Station

{{short description|Major railway and metro station in Tokyo, Japan}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox station
| name = Shinjuku Station
| native_name = 新宿駅
| native_name_lang = ja
| type = 
| image = JRE Shinjuku-STA South.jpg
| alt = Shinjuku Station
| caption = The south side of Shinjuku Station in November 2022
| other_name = 
| address = [[Shinjuku]] and [[Shibuya]] wards, [[Tokyo]]
| country = Japan
| coordinates = {{coord|35|41|26|N|139|41|58|E}}
| operator = {{plainlist}}
*{{ric|JR East|name=y}}
*[[File:KeioRailway logo.svg|32px]] [[Keio Corporation]]
*[[File:OdakyuGroup logo2.svg|16px]] [[Odakyu Electric Railway]]
*{{ric|Tokyo Metro|name=y}}
*{{ric|Toei Subway|name=y}}
{{endplainlist}}
| line = 
| platforms = 
| connections = {{plainlist}}
*{{SBSN|SS|01}} {{STN|Seibu-Shinjuku|x}}
*{{TSSN|E|01}} {{STN|Shinjuku-nishiguchi|x}}
*{{TSSN|M|09}} {{TSSN|F|13}} {{TSSN|S|02}} {{STN|Shinjuku-sanchōme|x}}
*[[Shinjuku Expressway Bus Terminal]]
*[[Shinjuku Highway Bus Terminal]]
{{endplainlist}}
| structure = 
| status = {{color|green|Active}}
| code = 
| opened = {{Start date and age|1885|03|01|df=y}}
| closed = 
| former = 
| passengers = 
| pass_year = 
| map_type = Japan Tokyo city#Japan Tokyo Bay and Boso Peninsula#Japan Tokyo#Japan
| map_dot_label = Shinjuku Station
}}

{{nihongo|'''Shinjuku Station'''|新宿駅|Shinjuku-eki}} is a major railway station  in [[Tokyo]], Japan, that serves as the main connecting hub for rail traffic between central/eastern Tokyo (the [[Special wards of Tokyo|special wards]]) and [[Western Tokyo]] on the [[inter-city rail]], [[commuter rail]], and [[rapid transit|subway]] lines. The station straddles the boundary between the [[Shinjuku]] and [[Shibuya]] special wards. In Shinjuku, it is in the [[Nishi-Shinjuku]] and Shinjuku districts; in Shibuya, it is in the [[Yoyogi]] and [[Sendagaya]] districts.

The station was used by an average of 3.59&nbsp;million people per day in 2018, making it the [[List of busiest railway stations|world's busiest railway station]] by far (and registered as such with [[Guinness World Records]]).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Busiest station |url=https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/busiest-station |access-date=2023-01-30 |website=Guinness World Records |language=en-gb |archive-date=July 14, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220714184259/https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/busiest-station |url-status=live }}</ref> The main [[East Japan Railway Company]] (JR East) station and the directly adjacent private railways have a total of 35 platforms, an underground arcade, above-ground arcade and numerous hallways with another 17 platforms (52 total) that can be accessed through hallways to five directly connected stations without surfacing outside. The entire above/underground complex has well over 200 exits.

== History ==
[[File:Shinjuku Station 1925.jpg|thumbnail|Shinjuku Station in 1925]]
Shinjuku Station opened in 1885 as a stop on Japan Railway's Akabane-Shinagawa line (now part of the [[Yamanote Line]]). The kanji "新宿" ''shin juku'' literally stand for "''new (relay-)station''". Shinjuku was still a quiet community at the time and the station was not heavily trafficked at first. The opening of the Chūō Line (1889), Keiō Line (1915) and Odakyū Line (1923) led to increased traffic through the station.

Japanese government urban planner Kensaburo Kondo designed a major revamp of the station in 1933, which included a large public square on the west side completed in 1941. Kondo's plan also called for extending the [[Tōkyū Tōyoko Line|Tokyu Toyoko Line]] to a new underground terminal on the west side of the station and constructing an east–west underground line that would be served by the [[Seibu Railway]] and the Tokyo Kosoku Railway (forerunner of [[Tokyo Metro]]), while the Keio and Odakyu lines would use above-ground terminals to the west of the JR station. These plans were suspended upon the onset of [[World War II]] but influenced the current layout of the station area.<ref name="nikkei">{{cite news |title=西武新宿駅はなぜ遠いのか 幻の東口乗り入れ計画 |url=http://style.nikkei.com/article/DGXNASFK2103N_S2A121C1000000 |access-date=May 6, 2016 |work=The Nikkei |date=November 23, 2012 |archive-date=January 31, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131063545/https://style.nikkei.com/article/DGXNASFK2103N_S2A121C1000000 |url-status=live }}</ref> Subway service ultimately began in 1959.

[[File:JR Shinjuku Station.JPG|thumbnail|Lumine Est building, originally designed to accommodate the [[Seibu Shinjuku Line]] on its second floor]]
The [[Seibu Shinjuku Line]] was extended from [[Takadanobaba Station]] to [[Seibu-Shinjuku Station|Seibu Shinjuku Station]] in 1952. Seibu Shinjuku was built as a temporary station pending a planned redevelopment of the east side of Shinjuku Station, which was to feature a large station building that would house a new Seibu terminal on its second floor. Seibu abandoned its plan to use the building due to a lack of space for trains longer than six cars; the building is now known as Lumine Est and retains some design features originally intended to accommodate the Seibu terminal (in particular, a very high ceiling on the first floor and a very low ceiling on the second floor). In the late 1980s, Seibu planned to build an underground terminal on the east side of Shinjuku but indefinitely postponed the plan in 1995 due to costs and declining passenger growth.<ref name="nikkei" />

On 8 August 1967, a freight train carrying [[jet fuel]] bound for the U.S. air bases at [[Tachikawa Airfield|Tachikawa]] and [[Yokota Air Base|Yokota]] collided with another freight train and caught fire on the Chūō Rapid tracks. The incident stoked ongoing political controversy in Japan regarding the [[Vietnam War]].<ref>{{cite book |author1-link=Thomas Havens |last1=Havens |first1=Thomas R. H. |title=Fire Across the Sea: The Vietnam War and Japan 1965-1975 |date=2014 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=9781400858439 |pages=126–127}}</ref> The station was a major site for [[1968–1969 Japanese university protests|student protests in 1968 and 1969]], the height of civil unrest in postwar Japan. On 21 October 1968, 290,000 marchers participated in International Anti-War Day, [[Shinjuku riot|taking over Shinjuku station]] and forcing trains to stop. In May and June 1969, members of the antiwar group Beheiren carrying guitars and calling themselves "folk guerrillas" led [[Folk guerrilla concerts|weekly singalongs in the underground plaza]] outside the west exit of the station, attracting crowds of thousands. Participants described it as a "liberated zone" and a "community of encounter."<ref>Konaka Yotaro, "Shinjuku: Community of Encounter," Japan　Quarterly, 38 no.3 (1991), 301–310.</ref> In July, riot police cleared the plaza with tear gas and changed signs in the station to read "West Exit Concourse" instead of "West Exit Plaza." The incident represented a significant defeat for public activism in Tokyo.

There have been plans at various points in history to connect Shinjuku to the [[Shinkansen]] network, and the 1973 Shinkansen Basic Plan, still in force, specifies that the station should be the southern terminus of the [[Jōetsu Shinkansen]] line to [[Niigata (city)|Niigata]]. While construction of the [[Ōmiya Station (Saitama)|Ōmiya]]-Shinjuku link never started and the Jōetsu line presently terminates in [[Tokyo Station]], the right of way, including an area underneath the station, remains reserved.

On 5 May 1995, the [[Aleph (Japanese cult)|Aum Shinrikyo]] [[doomsday cult]] attempted a chemical terrorist attack by setting off a cyanide gas device in a toilet in the underground concourse, barely a month after the [[Tokyo subway sarin attack|gas attack on the Tokyo subway]] which killed 13, left 6,252 people with non-fatal injuries, severely injured 50 people, and caused 984 cases of temporary vision problems. This time the attack was thwarted by staff who extinguished the burning device.

The station facilities on the Marunouchi Line were inherited by [[Tokyo Metro]] after the privatization of the Teito Rapid Transit Authority (TRTA) in 2004.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2006-07-08 |title=「営団地下鉄」から「東京メトロ」へ |trans-title=From "Teito Rapid Transit Authority" to "Tokyo Metro" |url=https://www.tokyometro.jp/news/s2004/2004-06.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120516041232/http://www.tokyometro.jp/news/s2004/2004-06.html |archive-date=16 May 2012 |access-date=29 May 2022 |website=Tokyo Metro Online |language=ja}}</ref>

[[Station numbering]] was introduced to the Odakyu terminal in 2014 with Shinjuku being assigned station number OH01.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 December 2013 |title=2014年1月から駅ナンバリングを順次導入します！ |trans-title=From January 2014, station numbering will be introduced sequentially! |url=http://www.odakyu.jp/program/info/data.info/8052_1284200_.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026092741/http://www.odakyu.jp/program/info/data.info/8052_1284200_.pdf |archive-date=26 October 2022 |access-date=9 January 2023 |website=odakyu.jp |language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kusamichi |first=Yoshikazu |date=28 December 2013 |title=小田急グループ、鉄道から海賊船まで通しの駅番号…2014年1月から順次導入 |trans-title=Odakyu Group, station numbers from railways to pirate ships, Introduced sequentially from January 2014 |url=https://response.jp/article/2013/12/28/213984.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200622180450/https://response.jp/article/2013/12/28/213984.html |archive-date=22 June 2020 |access-date=10 January 2023 |website=Response Automotive Media |language=ja}}</ref>

A major expansion of the JR terminal was completed in April 2016, adding a 32-story office tower, bus terminal, taxi terminal, and numerous shops and restaurants.<ref>{{cite web |title=新宿駅が生まれ変わります |url=https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2015/20150901.pdf |publisher=East Japan Railway Company |access-date=May 6, 2016 |archive-date=October 1, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001040725/http://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2015/20150901.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

Station numbering was introduced to the JR East platforms in 2016 with Shinjuku being assigned station numbers JB10 for the Chūō-Sobu line, JS20 for the Shonan-Shinjuku line, JA11 for the Saikyō line, JC05 for the Chuo line rapid, and JY17 for the Yamanote line. At the same time, JR East assigned the station a 3-letter code to its major transfer stations; Shinjuku was assigned the code "SJK".<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 April 2016 |title=⾸都圏エリアへ 「駅ナンバリング」を導⼊します |trans-title=Introduce “station numbering” to the Tokyo metropolitan area |url=https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2016/20160402.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207004741/https://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2016/20160402.pdf |archive-date=7 December 2022 |access-date=7 January 2023 |website=jreast.co.jp |language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kusamachi |first=Yoshikazu |date=7 April 2016 |title=JA・JK・JT・AKB…JR東日本、首都圏で駅ナンバリングなど導入へ |trans-title=JA, JK, JT, AKB … JR East to introduce station numbering in the Tokyo metropolitan area |url=https://response.jp/article/2016/04/07/273025.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220806133507/https://response.jp/article/2016/04/07/273025.html |archive-date=6 August 2022 |access-date=7 January 2023 |website=Response Automotive Media |language=ja}}</ref>

In 2020, the east–west free passageway was opened, shortening the time required for pedestrians to pass between the east and west exits by 10 minutes.<ref>{{cite web |title=East-West Passageway Opens at JR Shinjuku Station |date=July 19, 2020 |url=https://www.nippon.com/en/news/yjj2020071900073/ |publisher=Nippon.com |access-date=January 26, 2021 |archive-date=July 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200719231906/https://www.nippon.com/en/news/yjj2020071900073/ |url-status=live }}</ref> A major redevelopment of the station and the surrounding area began in July 2021 with the aim of improving pedestrian flow and making it easier and faster to cut through the east and west sides of the station. Construction is expected to continue until 2047.<ref>{{cite web |title=Shinjuku Station is getting a ¥72.8 billion makeover to make it easier to navigate |url=https://www.timeout.com/tokyo/news/shinjuku-station-is-getting-a-72-8-billion-makeover-to-make-it-easier-to-navigate-071221 |date=March 15, 2022 |first=Emma |last=Steen |publisher=Time Out Tokyo |access-date=June 1, 2022 |archive-date=June 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220601013657/https://www.timeout.com/tokyo/news/shinjuku-station-is-getting-a-72-8-billion-makeover-to-make-it-easier-to-navigate-071221 |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Keiō Shinjuku Station===
[[File:Keio Shinjuku-Oiwake Building.jpg|thumb|Keio Shinjuku Oiwake Building, the site of the former terminal]]
When the Keio Line extended to Shinjuku in 1915, its terminal was located several blocks east of the [[Ministry of Railways (Japan)|government railway]] (presently JR) station. The terminal was first named {{nihongo|Shinjuku-Oiwake Station|新宿追分駅}} and was on the street near the [[Isetan]] department store. In 1927, the station was moved from the street to a newly built terminal adjacent to the original station. The station building housed a department store. The station name was changed to {{nihongo|Yotsuya-Shinjuku Station|四谷新宿駅}} in 1930 and again to {{nihongo|Keiō Shinjuku Station|京王新宿駅}} in 1937.

The tracks from the terminal were on the [[Kōshū Kaidō]] highway, which crosses the Yamanote Line and the Chūō Line in front of the south entrance of Shinjuku Station by a bridge. The Keiō Line had a station for access to Shinjuku Station, named {{nihongo|Teishajō-mae Station|停車場前駅}} and renamed in 1937 {{nihongo|Shōsen Shinjuku Ekimae Station|省線新宿駅前駅}}.

In July 1945, the terminal of the Keiō Line was relocated to the present location, though on the ground level, on the west side of Shinjuku Station. Keiō Shinjuku Station and Shōsen Shinjuku Ekimae Station were closed. This was because the trains faced difficulty in climbing up the slopes of the bridge over the governmental railway after one of the nearby transformer substations was destroyed by an [[Bombing of Tokyo in World War II|air raid]]. The site of Keiō Shinjuku Station near [[Shinjuku-sanchōme Station|Shinjuku-Sanchōme subway station]] is now occupied by two buildings owned by Keiō: Keiō Shinjuku Sanchōme Building and Keiō Shinjuku Oiwake Building.

==Lines==
Shinjuku is served by the following railway systems:
*'''{{ric|JR East|name=y}}''':
**{{Colorbull|Blue}} [[Chūō Main Line]] (Limited Express)
**{{JRLS|JC}} [[Chūō Line (Rapid)]]
**{{JRLS|JB}} [[Chūō–Sōbu Line]]
**{{JRLS|JA}} [[Saikyō Line]]
**{{JRLS|JS}} [[Shōnan–Shinjuku Line]]
**{{JRLS|JY}} [[Yamanote Line]]
*'''[[File:KeioRailway logo.svg|32px]] [[Keio Corporation]]''':
**{{KOLS|KO}} [[Keiō Line|Keio Line]]
**{{KOLS|KO}} [[Keiō New Line|Keio New Line]]
*'''[[File:OdakyuGroup logo2.svg|16px]] [[Odakyu Electric Railway]]''':
**{{ODLS|OH}} [[Odakyū Odawara Line|Odakyu Odawara Line]]
*'''{{ric|Toei Subway|name=y}}''':
**{{TSLS|E}} {{lnl|Toei Subway|E}}
**{{TSLS|S}} {{lnl|Toei Subway|S}}
*'''{{ric|Tokyo Metro|name=y}}''':
**{{TSLS|M}} {{lnl|Tokyo Metro|M}}

{{Clear}}

==Station facilities==

===JR East===
{{Infobox station
| name = {{JRSNH|span=5|tlc=SJK|size=40}}{{JRSN|JY|17|seq=1|40}}{{JRSN|JC|05|seq=2|40}}{{JRSN|JB|10|seq=3|40}}{{JRSN|JS|20|seq=4|40}}{{JRSN|JA|11|seq=5|40}}{{JRSNF}}<br /> Shinjuku Station
| style = JR East
| native_name = 新宿駅
| native_name_lang = ja
| image = JRE-Shinjuku-STA South-entrance.jpg
| alt = 
| caption = Shinjuku Station South entrance in October 2021
| other_name = 
| address = 3-38-1 Shinjuku, [[Shinjuku|Shinjuku City]], [[Tokyo]]
| country = Japan
| coordinates = 
| operator = {{ric|JR East|name=y}}
| line = {{plainlist}}
*{{JRLS|JY}} {{lnl|JR East|Yamanote}}
*{{JRLS|JC}} {{lnl|JR East|Chuo}} ({{lnl|JR East|Chuo Main}})
*{{JRLS|JB}} {{lnl|JR East|Chuo-Sobu}} (Chūō Main Line)
*{{JRLS|JS}} {{lnl|JR East|Shonan-Shinjuku}}
*{{JRLS|JA}} {{lnl|JR East|Saikyo}}
{{endplainlist}}
| platforms = 8 [[island platforms]]
| tracks = 16
| connections = {{rint|bus}} Bus terminal
| structure = At grade
| accessible = Yes
| code = SJK
| opened = {{Start date and age|1885|03|01|df=y}}
| closed = 
| former = 
| passengers = 775,386 daily<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/ |title=Number of passengers by station (best 100) |publisher=JR East |language=ja |access-date=June 9, 2021 |archive-date=August 1, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801084045/https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
| pass_year = FY2015
| services_collapsible = no
| services = {{Adjacent stations|system=JR East
|line1=Yamanote|left1=Yoyogi|note-left1={{JRSN|JY|18}}|right1=Shin-Ōkubo|note-right1={{JRSN|JY|16}}
|line2=Azusa|left2=Tachikawa|note-left2={{JRSN|JC|19|25}}|right2=Kinshichō|note-right2={{JRSN|JO|22|25}}|to-right2=Chiba
|line3=Azusa|left3=Tachikawa|note-left3={{JRSN|JC|19|25}}|right3=Tokyo|note-right3={{JRSN|JC|01|tlc=TYO|20}}|to-right3=Tokyo
|line4=Kaiji|left4=Tachikawa|note-left4={{JRSN|JC|19|25}}|right4=Tokyo|note-right4={{JRSN|JC|01|tlc=TYO|20}}<br />(limited service)
|line5=Fuji Excursion|left5=Tachikawa|note-left5={{JRSN|JC|19|25}}|oneway-right5=yes|right5=Kinshichō
|line8=Chuo|note-mid8={{SLL|Commuter Special Rapid|deeppink|white}}|left8=Kokubunji|oneway-left8=yes|right8=Yotsuya|note-right8={{JRSN|JC|04|25}}
|line9=Chuo|note-mid9={{SLL|Chūō Special Rapid|blue|white}}|left9=Nakano|note-left9={{JRSN|JC|06|25}}|right9=Yotsuya|note-right9={{JRSN|JC|04|25}}
|line10=Chuo|note-mid10={{SLL|Ōme Special Rapid|green|white}}|left10=Nakano|note-left10={{JRSN|JC|06|25}}|right10=Yotsuya|note-right10={{JRSN|JC|04|25}}|to-left10=Tachikawa
|line11=Chuo|note-mid11={{SLL|Commuter Rapid|purple|white}}|left11=Nakano|note-left11={{JRSN|JC|06}}|right11=Yotsuya|oneway-right11=yes
|line12=Chuo|note-mid12=Rapid|left12=Nakano|note-left12={{JRSN|JC|06}}|right12=Yotsuya|note-right12={{JRSN|JC|04}}
|line15=Chuo-Sobu|left15=Ōkubo|note-left15={{JRSN|JB|09}}|right15=Yoyogi|note-right15={{JRSN|JB|11}}
|line16=Narita Express|right16=Shibuya|note-right16={{JRSN|JS|19|tlc=SBY|20}}
|line18=Saphir Odoriko|left18=Shibuya|note-left18={{JRSN|JS|19|tlc=SBY|20}}
|line19=Shonan|left19=Shibuya|note-left19={{JRSN|JS|19|tlc=SBY|20}}
|line21=Nikko/Kinugawa|right21=Ikebukuro|note-right21={{JRSN|JS|21|tlc=IKB|20}}
|line23=Shonan-Shinjuku|left23=Shibuya|note-left23={{JRSN|JS|19|tlc=SBY|25}}|right23=Ikebukuro|note-right23={{JRSN|JS|21|tlc=IKB|25}}|note-mid23={{SLL|Special Rapid|DeepSkyBlue}}{{SLL|Rapid|DarkOrange}}{{SLL|Local|Green|white}}
|line24=Saikyo|note-mid24={{SLL|Commuter Rapid|Crimson|white}}{{SLL|Rapid|DodgerBlue|white}}Local|left24=Shibuya|right24=Ikebukuro|note-left24={{JRSN|JA|10|tlc=SBY|25}}|note-right24={{JRSN|JA|12|tlc=IKB|25}}
|line25=Sotetsu JR Direct|left25=Shibuya|note-left25={{JRSN|JA|10|tlc=SBY|25}}
}}
}}

The station is centered around facilities servicing the [[East Japan Railway Company]] (JR East) lines. These consist of eight ground-level [[island platform]]s (16 tracks) on a north–south axis, connected by two overhead and two underground concourses. Most JR services here are urban and suburban mass transit lines, although many limited express services to [[Kōfu]] and [[Matsumoto, Nagano|Matsumoto]] on the [[Chūō Main Line]] and to [[Nikkō]] and [[Kinugawa Onsen]] via joint operations with the private [[Tōbu Railway]] also begin and end at this station, including ''[[Narita Express]]'' services to and from [[Narita International Airport]]. The JR section alone handles an average of 1.5&nbsp;million passengers a day.

<gallery>
File:JRE-Shinjuku-STA East-Gate.jpg|East gates in July 2021
File:JRE-Shinjuku-STA West-Gate.jpg|West gates in July 2021
File:JRE-Shinjuku-STA Connecting-passage.jpg|Internal concourse in July 2021
File:JRE-Shinjuku-STA Central-east-Gate.jpg|Central East gates in November 2021
File:JRE-Shinjuku-STA Central-West-Gate.jpg|Central West gates in September 2021
File:JRE-Shinjuku-STA South-Gate.jpg|Central South gates in November 2021
File:JR Shinjuku Station South East Gates (20210410).jpg|South East gates in April 2021
File:JRE-Shinjuku-STA Koshu-Kaido-Gate.jpg|Koshu Kaido gates in September 2021
File:JRE-Shinjuku-STA MIRAINA-TOWER-Gate.jpg|Miraina Tower gates in September 2021
File:JRE-Shinjuku-STA New-South-Gate.jpg|New South gates in September 2021
</gallery>

{{jpfm|pfn=1-2|first=2|Lspan=5|Cspan=3|name=[[Saikyō Line]]|symbol={{JRLS|JA}}|dir=for {{STN|Shibuya|x}}, {{STN|Ōsaki|x}}, and {{STN|Shin-Kiba|x}} (via the {{RKLS}} [[Rinkai Line]])}}
{{jpfm|dir=for {{STN|Hazawa yokohama-kokudai|x}} and {{STN|Ebina|x}} (via the [[File:Sotetsu_line_symbol.svg|link=|20x20px]] [[Sōtetsu Main Line|Sōtetsu Line]])}}
{{jpfm|dir=for {{STN|Ikebukuro|x}}, {{STN|Ōmiya|x|Saitama}}, and {{STN|Kawagoe|x}} (via the {{Color|SeaGreen|■}} [[Kawagoe Line]])}}
{{jpfm|Cspan=2|name=[[Shōnan-Shinjuku Line]]|symbol={{JRLS|JS}}|dir=for {{STN|Yokohama|x}}, {{STN|Ōfuna|x}}, {{STN|Chigasaki|x}}, {{STN|Hiratsuka|x}}, {{STN|Kōzu|x|Kanagawa}}, and {{STN|Odawara|x}} (via the {{JRLS|JT}} [[Tōkaidō Main Line]])}}
{{jpfm|dir=for {{STN|Yokohama|x}}, {{STN|Ōfuna|x}}, {{STN|Kamakura|x}}, and {{STN|Zushi|x}} (via the {{JRLS|JO}} [[Yokosuka Line]])}}
{{jpf|pfn=3|name=Saikyō Line|symbol={{JRLS|JA}}|dir=for {{STN|Ikebukuro|x}}, {{STN|Ōmiya|x|Saitama}}, and {{STN|Kawagoe|x}} (via the {{Color|SeaGreen|■}} Kawagoe Line)}}
{{jpfm|pfn=4|Lspan=3|name=Saikyō Line|symbol={{JRLS|JA}}|dir=for {{STN|Ikebukuro|x}}, {{STN|Ōmiya|x|Saitama}}, and {{STN|Kawagoe|x}} (via the {{Color|SeaGreen|■}} Kawagoe Line)}}
{{jpfm|Cspan=2|name=Shōnan-Shinjuku Line|symbol={{JRLS|JS}}|dir=for {{STN|Ōmiya|x|Saitama}}, {{STN|Kumagaya|x}}, and {{STN|Takasaki|x}} (via the {{JRLS|JU}} [[Takasaki Line]])}}
{{jpfm|dir=for {{STN|Ōmiya|x|Saitama}}, {{STN|Oyama|x}}, and {{STN|Utsunomiya|x}} (via the {{JRLS|JU}} [[Utsunomiya Line]])}}
{{jpfm|pfn=5-6|Lspan=5|Cspan=5|name=Limited Express|dir={{Color|orange|■}} ''[[Shōnan (train)|Shonan]]'' for {{STN|Odawara|x}}}}
{{jpfm|dir={{Color|skyblue|■}} ''[[Odoriko|Saphir ODORIKO]]'' for {{STN|Izukyu Shimoda|x}}}}
{{jpfm|dir={{Color|orange|■}} ''[[Kinugawa (train)|Kinugawa]]'' for {{STN|Kinugawa-Onsen|x}}}}
{{jpfm|dir={{Color|blue|■}} ''[[Narita Express]]'' for {{STN|Narita Airport Terminal 1|x||Narita Airport}}}}
{{jpfm|dir={{Color|orange|■}} ''[[Nikkō (train)|Nikkō]]'' for {{STN|Tōbu Nikkō|x}}}}
{{jpfm|pfn=7-8|Lspan=5|Cspan=5|name=[[Chūō Line (Rapid)]]|symbol={{JRLS|JC}}|dir= for {{STN|Ochanomizu|x}} and {{STN|Tokyo|x}}}}
{{jpfm|dir=Ltd. Express ''[[Hachiōji (train)|Hachiōji]]'' / ''[[Ōme (train)|Ōme]]'' for {{STN|Tokyo|x}}}}
{{jpfm|dir={{Color|blue|■}} Ltd. Express ''[[Azusa (train)|Azusa]]'' / ''[[Kaiji (train)|Kaiji]]'' for {{STN|Tokyo|x}}<ref group="Note">Azusa No. 4, 8, 12 and 16, as well as Kaiji No. 2, 6, 10 and 14 continue to Tokyo.</ref> and {{STN|Chiba|x}}<ref group="Note">Azusa No. 50 continues to Chiba.</ref>}}
{{jpfm|dir={{Color|blue|■}} Ltd. Express ''[[Sazanami (train)|Shinjuku Sazanami]]'' for {{STN|Chiba|x}} and {{STN|Tateyama|x|Chiba}}}}
{{jpfm|dir={{Color|blue|■}} Ltd. Express ''[[Wakashio|Shinjuku Wakashio]]'' for {{STN|Chiba|x}} and {{STN|Awa-Kamogawa|x}}}}
{{jpfm|pfn=9-10|Lspan=6|Cspan=3|name=Chūō Line (Rapid)|symbol={{JRLS|JC}}|dir=Ltd. Express ''Hachiōji'' for {{STN|Hachiōji|x}}}}
{{jpfm|dir=Ltd. Express ''Ōme'' for {{STN|Ōme|x}}}}
{{jpfm|dir=''[[Holiday Rapid Okutama]]'' for {{STN|Okutama|x}}}}
{{jpfm|Cspan=3|name=[[Chūō Main Line]]|symbol={{Color|blue|■}}|dir=Ltd. Express ''Azusa'' for {{STN|Matsumoto|x}} and {{STN|Minami-Otari|x}}}}
{{jpfm|dir=Ltd. Express ''[[Fuji Excursion]]'' for {{STN|Kawaguchiko|x}}}}
{{jpfm|dir=Ltd. Express ''Kaiji'' for {{STN|Kōfu|x}} and {{STN|Ryūō|x}}}}
{{jpfm|pfn=11-12|Lspan=2|Cspan=2|name=Chūō Line (Rapid)|symbol={{JRLS|JC}}|dir=for {{STN|Nakano|x|Tokyo}}, {{STN|Tachikawa|x}}, {{STN|Hachiōji|x}}, {{STN|Takao|x|Tokyo}}, and {{STN| Ōtsuki|x}}}}
{{jpfm|dir=for {{STN|Haijima|x}} and {{STN|Ōme|x}} (via the {{JRLS|JC}} [[Ōme Line]])}}
{{jpf|pfn=13|name=[[Chūō-Sōbu Line]]|symbol={{JRLS|JB}}|dir=for {{STN|Suidōbashi|x}}, {{STN|Akihabara|x}}, and {{STN|Chiba|x}}}}
{{jpf|pfn=14|name=[[Yamanote Line]] (counter-clockwise)|symbol={{JRLS|JY}}|dir=for {{STN|Harajuku|x}}, {{STN|Shibuya|x}}, and {{STN|Shinagawa|x}}}}
{{jpf|pfn=15|name=Yamanote Line (clockwise)|symbol={{JRLS|JY}}|dir=for {{STN|Ikebukuro|x}}, {{STN|Tabata|x|Tokyo}}, {{STN|Nippori|x}}, and {{STN|Ueno|x}}}}
{{jpf|pfn=16|name=Chūō-Sōbu Line|symbol={{JRLS|JB}}|dir=for {{STN|Higashi-Nakano|x}}, {{STN|Nakano|x|Tokyo}}, and {{STN|Mitaka|x}}}}
{{S-end}}

<gallery>
File:JRE-Shinjuku-STA Home1-2.jpg|JR East platforms 1 and 2
File:JRE-Shinjuku-STA Home3-4.jpg|JR East platforms 3 and 4
File:JRE-Shinjuku-STA Home5-6.jpg|JR East platforms 5 and 6
File:JRE-Shinjuku-STA Home7-8.jpg|JR East platforms 7 and 8
File:JRE-Shinjuku-STA Home9-10.jpg|JR East platforms 9 and 10
File:JRE-Shinjuku-STA Home11-12.jpg|JR East platforms 11 and 12
File:JRE-Shinjuku-STA Home13-14.jpg|JR East platforms 13 and 14
File:JRE-Shinjuku-STA Home15-16.jpg|JR East platforms 15 and 16
File:JR Shinjuku station track map 2010.svg|Station layout
</gallery>

{{Reflist|group="Note"}}
{{Clear}}

===Odakyu===
{{Infobox station
| name = [[File:OH-01 station number.png|50px]] <br /> Shinjuku Station
| native_name = 新宿駅
| native_name_lang = ja
| type = [[Odakyu Electric Railway|Odakyu]] station
| image = Odakyu Shinjuku Station.JPG
| alt = 
| caption = West exit of Odakyu Shinjuku Station
| other_name = 
| address = 1-1-3 Nishishinjuku, [[Shinjuku, Tokyo]]
| country = Japan
| coordinates = 
| operator = [[File:OdakyuGroup logo2.svg|16px]] [[Odakyu Electric Railway]]
| line = [[File:Odakyu odawara logo.svg|16px]] [[Odakyu Odawara Line]]
| platforms = 
| connections = 
| structure = {{plainlist}}
*Ground level (platforms 1–6)
*Underground (platforms 7–10)
{{endplainlist}}
| accessible = Yes (all levels)
| code = OH01
| opened = 1927
| closed = 
| former = 
| passengers = 492,324 daily
| pass_year = FY2015
| services = {{Adjacent stations|system=Odakyu
|line1=Romancecar|left1=Seijōgakuen-Mae|note-left1=[[File:OH-14 station number.png|25px]]
|line2=Odawara|left2=Yoyogi-Uehara|note-mid2={{SLL|Rapid Express|c=orange|t=#000}}|note-left2=[[File:OH-05 station number.png|25px]]
|line3=Odawara|left3=Yoyogi-Uehara|note-mid3={{SLL|Commuter Express|c=red|t=#FFF}}|note-left3=[[File:OH-05 station number.png|25px]]|to-left3=Shin-Yurigaoka
|line4=Odawara|left4=Yoyogi-Uehara|note-mid4={{SLL|Express|c=red|t=#FFF}}|note-left4=[[File:OH-05 station number.png|25px]]
|line5=Odawara|left5=Minami-Shinjuku|note-mid5={{SLL|Local|c=blue|t=#FFF}}|note-left5=[[File:OH-02 station number.png|30px]]|to-left5=Hakone-Yumoto}}
}}

The terminus for the private [[Odakyū Odawara Line|Odakyu Odawara Line]] is parallel to the JR platforms on the west side and handles an average of 490,000 passengers daily. This is a major commuter route stretching southwest through the suburbs and out towards the coastal city of [[Odawara]] and the mountains of [[Hakone]]. The ten platforms are built on two levels beneath the Odakyu department store; three express service tracks (six platforms) on the ground level and two tracks (four platforms) on the level below. Each track has [[Spanish solution|platforms on both sides in order to completely separate boarding and alighting passengers]].

Chest-high [[platform screen doors]] were added to platforms 4 and 5 in September 2012.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tetsudo.com/event/6653/ |script-title=ja:小田急 新宿駅 可動式ホーム柵 使用 |trans-title=Platform screens introduced at Odakyu Shinjuku Station |date=September 12, 2012 |work=Tetsudo.com |publisher=Asahi Interactive, Inc. |location=Japan |language=ja |access-date=October 2, 2012 |archive-date=June 1, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601080629/https://www.tetsudo.com/event/6653/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

====Ground level====

{{jpf|pfn=1|first=2|name=&nbsp;|col=skyblue|dir=Not in use}}
{{jpf|pfn=2, 3|name=Ltd. Express. "[[Romancecar]]"|col=pink|dir= for {{STN|Odawara|x}}, {{STN|Hakone-Yumoto|x}}, {{STN|Fujisawa|x}}, and {{STN|Gotemba|x}}}}
{{jpfm|pfn=4, 5|span=2|name=Rapid Express|col=orange|dir=for {{STN|Shin-Yurigaoka|x}}, {{STN|Machida|x|Odakyu}}, {{STN|Ebina|x}}, {{STN|Hon-Atsugi|x}}, {{STN|Shin-Matsuda|x}}, {{STN|Odawara|x}}, {{STN|Chūō-Rinkan|x}}, {{STN|Yamato|x|Kanagawa}}, {{STN|Shōnandai|x}} and {{STN|Fujisawa|x}}}}
{{jpfm|name=Express|col=red|dir=for {{STN|Noborito|x}}, {{STN|Shin-Yurigaoka|x}}, {{STN|Machida|x|Odakyu}}, {{STN|Ebina|x}}, {{STN|Hon-Atsugi|x}}, {{STN|Shin-Matsuda|x}}, {{STN|Odawara|x}}, {{STN|Chūō-Rinkan|x}}, {{STN|Yamato|x|Kanagawa}}, {{STN|Shōnandai|x}}, {{STN|Fujisawa|x}} and {{STN|Katase-Enoshima|x}}}}
{{jpf|pfn=6|name=&nbsp;|col=skyblue|dir=(Alighting only)}}
{{S-end}}

====Underground level====
{{jpf|pfn=7|first=2|name=&nbsp;|col=skyblue|dir=(Alighting only)}}
{{jpf|pfn=8, 9|name=Local|col=skyblue|dir=for {{STN|Shin-Yurigaoka|x}}, {{STN|Sagami-Ono|x}}, and {{STN|Hon-Atsugi|x}}}}
{{jpf|pfn=10|name=&nbsp;|col=skyblue|dir=(Alighting only)}}
{{S-end}}

<gallery>
File:OER Shinjuku station South.jpg|South gate
File:Odakyu-Shinjuku-STA West-ground-Gate.jpg|West gate
File:Odakyu-Shinjuku-STA Home1.jpg|Ground level platform 1
File:Odakyu-Shinjuku-STA Home2-3.jpg|Ground level platforms 2 and 3
File:Odakyu-Shinjuku-STA Home4-5.jpg|Ground level platforms 4 and 5
File:Odakyu-Shinjuku-STA Home6.jpg|Ground level platform 6
File:Shinjuku-Sta-Odakyu-B1-Platform.JPG|Underground platforms
</gallery>
{{Clear}}

===Keio/Toei Subway (Toei Shinjuku Line)===
{{Infobox station
| name = {{KOSN|KO|01|size=50}} {{TSSN|S|01|size=50}}<br /> Shinjuku Station
| native_name = 新宿駅
| native_name_lang = ja
| type = [[Keio Corporation|Keio]]/[[Toei Subway]] station
| image = Shinjuku Keio Department Store 2012.JPG
| alt = 
| caption = West exit of Keio Shinjuku Station
| other_name = 
| address = 1-1-4 [[Nishi-Shinjuku]], [[Shinjuku|Shinjuku City]], [[Tokyo]]
| country = Japan
| coordinates = 
| operator = {{plainlist}}
*[[File:KeioRailway logo.svg|18px]] [[Keio Corporation]]
*{{ric|Toei Subway|name=y}}
{{endplainlist}}
| line = {{plainlist}}
*[[File:Number prefix Keio-line.svg|18px]] [[Keiō Line]]
*[[File:Number prefix Keio-line.svg|18px]] [[Keiō New Line]]
*{{TSLS|S}} [[Toei Shinjuku Line]]
{{endplainlist}}
| platforms = 3 [[bay platforms]]
| tracks = 3
| connections = 
| structure = Underground
| accessible = Yes
| code = KO-01
| opened = 1915
| rebuilt = 1978
| closed = 
| former = 
| passengers = 757,823 daily
| pass_year = FY2015
| services = {{Adjacent stations|system1=Keio
|line1=Keio Liner|left1=Meidaimae|note-left1={{KOSN|KO|06|25}}
|line2=Keio Liner|left2= Meidaimae|note-left2={{KOSN|KO|06|25}}|to-left2=Hashimoto
|line3=Keio|note-mid3={{SLL|Special Express|c=deeppink|t=#FFF}}|left3=Sasazuka|note-left3={{KOSN|KO|04|25}}
|line4=Keio|note-mid4={{SLL|Express|c=seagreen|t=#FFF}}{{SLL|Semi Express|c=yellow|t=#000}}{{SLL|Rapid|c=blue|t=#FFF}}{{SLL|Local|c=gray|t=#FFF}}|left4=Sasazuka|note-left4={{KOSN|KO|04}}
|line8=Keio New|through-right8=Shinjuku Line|left8=Hatsudai|note-left8={{KOSN|KO|02}}|note-mid8={{SLL|Express|c=seagreen|t=#FFF}}{{SLL|Semi Express|c=yellow|t=#000}}{{SLL|Rapid|c=blue|t=#FFF}}{{SLL|Local|c=gray|t=#FFF}}
|system12=Toei Subway
|line12=Shinjuku|through-left12=Keiō New Line|note-mid12={{SLL|Express|c=crimson|t=#FFF}}|right12=Ichigaya|note-right12={{TSSN|S|04|25}}
|line13=Shinjuku|through-left13=Keiō New Line|note-mid13='''Local'''|right13=Shinjuku-sanchome|note-right13={{TSSN|S|02}}
}}
| map_state = collapsed
| route_map = {{Routemap |title=Keio Shinjuku Station |title-bg=#DD0077 |inline=yes |legend=track |map=
\\\\*3\*2\*1
\\\\PENDEa\PENDEa\PENDEa(RG)!~MASKrr
\\\\PSTR\PSTR\PSTR(R)
\\\\PSTR\PSTR\PSTR(R)
\\\\PSTR\PSTR\PSTR(R)
\\\\PSTR\PSTR\PSTR(R)
\\\kvSTR-c2\d!~kvSTR3~r\kvSTR3~l\kvSTR3~l
d\vCONTgfaq\vÜSTq\d-STRq!~kvSTRr+1~r\d-STRq!~kvSTRr+1~l\d-STRq\kvSTRr+1~l!~kvSTRc4\d!~kvSTRc4~~ ~~ ~~← ''{{STN|Sasazuka|x}}''}}
}}

Keio operates two sections of Shinjuku Station, the traditional Keio Line stub terminal and a separate through station connecting the Keio New Line with the Toei Shinjuku Line. In 2019, 788,567 passengers used the Keio complex daily (Keio and Keio New Lines), which makes it among the busiest among the non-[[Japan Railways Group|JR Group]] railways of Japan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=1日の駅別乗降人員｜京王グループ |url=https://www.keio.co.jp/group/traffic/railroading/passengers/index.html |access-date=2022-03-21 |website=www.keio.co.jp |archive-date=May 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210520193616/https://www.keio.co.jp/group/traffic/railroading/passengers/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

==== Keio Line ====
The [[Keiō Line|Keio Line]] concourse is located to the west of the Odakyu line concourse, two floors below ground level under the Keio department store. It consists of three platforms stretching north to south. An additional thin platform between Platforms 2 and 3 is used for alighting only. This suburban commuter line links Shinjuku to the city of [[Hachiōji]] to the west.<ref name="keio">{{cite web |url=http://www.keio.co.jp/english/railwaymap/index.html |publisher=keio.co.jp |title=Keio Railway Map & Reading Station Signs - Keio Corporation |access-date=January 3, 2017 |archive-date=May 30, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110530160255/http://www.keio.co.jp/english/railwaymap/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Chest-high [[Platform screen doors|platform edge doors]] were introduced on the Keio Line platforms in March 2014.<ref name="railfan20140313">{{cite web |url=http://railf.jp/news/2014/03/13/160000.html |script-title=ja:京王線新宿駅のホームドア整備が完了 |trans-title=Installation of platform-edge doors completed at Keio Line Shinjuku Station |date=March 13, 2014 |work=Japan Railfan Magazine Online |publisher=Koyusha Co., Ltd. |location=Japan |language=ja |access-date=March 13, 2014 |archive-date=March 13, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313122522/http://railf.jp/news/2014/03/13/160000.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The doors are different colours for each platform; the doors on Platform 2 are green.<ref name="railfan20140313"/>

{{ja-platform|pfn=1|first=2|name=[[Keiō Line]]<br />(Keiō Liner<Weekdays>, Special Express, Express, Semi Express, Rapid, Local)|symbol={{KOLS|KO}}|dir=for {{STN|Meidaimae|x}}, {{STN|Chōfu|x|Tokyo}}, {{STN|Keiō Tama-Center|x}}, and {{STN|Keiō-Hachiōji|x}}<br />{{KOLS|KO}} [[Keiō Sagamihara Line]] for {{STN|Hashimoto|x|Kanagawa}} (via {{STN|Chōfu|x|Tokyo}})<br />{{KOLS|KO}} [[Keiō Takao Line]] for {{STN|Takaosanguchi|x}} (via {{STN|Kitano|x|Tokyo}})}}
{{ja-platform|pfn=2|name=Keiō Line<br />(Keiō Liner<Weekends / Holidays>, Mt.Takao, Special Express, Express, Semi Express, Rapid, Local)|symbol={{KOLS|KO}}|dir=(Same as Platform 1)}}
{{ja-platform|pfn=- |dir=(Alighting only)}}
{{ja-platform|pfn=3|name=Keiō Line<br>(Special Express, Express, Semi Express, Rapid)|symbol={{KOLS|KO}}|dir=(Same as Platform 1)}}
{{S-end}}

<gallery>
File:Keio-Shinjyuku-STA West-Gate.jpg|West gates
File:Keio-Shinjyuku-STA RUMINE-Gate.jpg|Lumine gates
File:Keio-Shinjuku-STA Keio-Department-Store-Gate.jpg|Keio Department Store gates
File:Keio-Shinjyuku-STA Hiroba-Gate.jpg|Hiroba gates (exit only)
File:Keio-Shinjyuku-STA Home1-2.jpg|Platforms 1 and 2
File:Keio-Shinjyuku-STA Home2-3.jpg|Platforms for getting off
File:Keio-Shinjyuku-STA Home3.jpg|Platform 3
</gallery>

====Keio New Line and Toei Shinjuku Line====
The shared facilities for the [[Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation|Toei Shinjuku]] subway line and the Keiō New Line are distinctively called {{Nihongo|'''Keiō New Line Shinjuku Station'''|新線新宿駅|Shinsen Shinjuku-eki}} and consist of two platforms stretching east–west five floors beneath the Kōshū Kaidō avenue to the southwest of the JR section. The concourse is managed by [[Keio Corporation]] but is in a separate location from the main Keio platforms. Further south (and deeper underground) are the two north-to-south Toei Ōedo subway line platforms.
{{ja-platform|pfn=4|first=2|name=[[Keio New Line]]|symbol={{KOLS|KO}}|dir= for {{STN|Hatsudai|x}}, {{STN|Hatagaya|x}}, {{STN|Sasazuka|x}}, {{STN|Meidaimae|x}}, {{STN|Chōfu|x|Tokyo}} and {{STN|Hashimoto|x|Kanagawa}} }}
{{ja-platform|pfn=5|name=Toei Shinjuku Line|imgfile={{TSLS|S}}|m|dir= for {{STN|Ichigaya|x}}, {{STN|Kudanshita|x}}, {{STN|Jimbocho|x}}, {{STN|Ōjima|x}}, and {{STN|Motoyawata|x}}}}
{{S-end}}

<gallery>
File:Keio newline shinjukusta shintoshin gate.JPG|Ticket gates for Keio New Line and Toei Shinjuku Line, 2010
File:Keio newline sinjukusta platform.JPG|Island platform for Keio New Line and Toei Shinjuku Line, 2010
</gallery>

{{Clear}}

===Toei Subway (Toei Oedo Line)===
{{Infobox station
| name = {{TSSN|E|27|50}}<br> Shinjuku Station
| native_name = 新宿駅
| native_name_lang = ja
| type = [[Toei Subway]] station
| image = Toei-subway-E27-Shinjuku-station-platform-20191201-133812.jpg
| alt = 
| caption = Oedo Line platform
| address = 2-1-1 Yoyogi, [[Shibuya]], [[Tokyo]]
| country = Japan
| coordinates = 
| operator = {{ric|Toei Subway|name=y}}
| line = {{plainlist}}
*{{TSLS|E}} {{lnl|Toei Subway|E}}
{{endplainlist}}
| platforms = 1 [[island platform]]
| tracks = 2
| connections = [[Shinjuku Expressway Bus Terminal]]
| structure = Underground
| accessible = Yes
| code = E-27
| opened = {{start date and age|1997|12|19|df=y}}
| closed = 
| former = 
| passengers = 
| pass_year = 
| services = {{Adjacent stations|system=Toei Subway|line=Oedo|right=Yoyogi|note-right={{TSSN|E|26}}|left=Tochomae|note-left={{TSSN|E|28}}}}
}}

[[Toei Ōedo Line]]'s two underground platforms stretch north–south to the south of the [[Toei Shinjuku Line]] and [[Keiō New Line|Keio New Line]] facilities. This is on the 7th basement floor of Tokyo prefectural road 414(Yotsuya-Tsunohazu Ave.).

{{jpf|pfn=6|first=2|name=Ōedo Line|symbol={{TSLS|E}}|m|dir= for {{STN|Roppongi|x}} and {{STN|Daimon|x|Tokyo}}}}
{{jpf|pfn=7|first=3|name=Ōedo Line|symbol={{TSLS|E}}|m|dir= for {{STN|Tochōmae|x}} and {{STN|Hikarigaoka|x}}}}

{{Clear}}

===Tokyo Metro===
{{Infobox station
| name = {{TSSN|M|08|50}}<br>Shinjuku Station
| native_name = 新宿駅
| native_name_lang = ja
| type = [[Tokyo Metro]] station
| image = Shinjuku-Sta-Marunouchi-Line-Platform.JPG
| alt = 
| caption = Marunouchi Line platform
| address = 1st Nishiguchi Chikagai,1 Nishishinjuku, [[Shinjuku]], [[Tokyo]]
| borough = 
| country = Japan
| coordinates = 
| operator = {{ric|Tokyo Metro|name=y}}
| line = {{plainlist}}
*{{TSLS|M}} {{lnl|Tokyo Metro|M}}
{{endplainlist}}
| platforms = 1 [[island platform]]
| tracks = 2
| connections = 
| structure = Underground
| accessible = Yes
| code = M-08
| opened = {{Start date and age|1959|03|15|df=y}}
| closed = 
| former = 
| passengers = 
| pass_year = 
| services = {{Adjacent stations|system=Tokyo Metro
|line=Marunouchi|left=Nishi-Shinjuku|note-left={{TSSN|M|07}}|right=Shinjuku-sanchome|note-right={{TSSN|M|09}}}}
}}

[[Tokyo Metro]]'s two [[Tokyo Metro Marunouchi Line|Marunouchi Line]] underground platforms stretch east–west to the north of the JR and Odakyu facilities, directly below the Metro Promenade underground mall.

{{jpf|pfn=1|m|first=2|name=Marunouchi Line|symbol={{TSLS|M}}|dir=for {{STN|Nakano-sakaue|x}}, {{STN|Ogikubo|x}}, and {{STN|Hōnanchō|x}}}}
{{jpf|pfn=2|m|first=3|name=Marunouchi Line|symbol={{TSLS|M}}|dir=for {{STN|Akasaka-mitsuke|x}}, {{STN|Ginza|x}}, {{STN|Ōtemachi|x|Tokyo}}, and {{STN|Ikebukuro|x}}}}

{{Clear}}

===Commercial facilities===
[[File:Area around Shinjuku station east exit.jpg|thumb|East exit of Shinjuku Station]]
[[File:Takashimaya Times Square.jpg|thumb|South exit of Shinjuku Station]]
Many department stores and shopping malls are built directly into the station, some operated by the railroads. These include:
*Lumine Est – above JR's east exit
*Odakyu department store – above the Odakyu line concourse (Closed down in October 2022.)
*Odakyu Mylord – above the southern end of the Odakyu line concourse
*Lumine 1 shopping mall – above the Keio Line concourse
*Lumine 2 shopping mall – above JR's south and Lumine exits
*Keio Department store – above the Keio Line concourse
*Keio Mall – underground mall to the southwest of the Keio Line concourse
*Odakyu Ace – underground malls beneath the bus terminal by the west exit.

In addition to the above, the Metro Promenade, which is an underground mall owned by Tokyo Metro, extends eastwards from the station beneath Shinjuku-dori avenue, all the way to the adjacent Shinjuku-sanchōme station with 60 exits along the way. The Metro Promenade in turn connects to Shinjuku Subnade, another underground shopping mall, which leads onto [[Seibu Railway]]'s Seibu-Shinjuku station.

Shinjuku Station is connected by underground passageways and shopping malls to
*[[Nishi-Shinjuku Station|Nishi-shinjuku Station]] (Tokyo Metro Marunouchi Line)
*[[Seibu-Shinjuku Station]] ([[Seibu Shinjuku Line]])
*[[Shinjuku-nishiguchi Station]] (Toei Ōedo Line)
*[[Shinjuku-sanchōme Station]] (Tokyo Metro Marunouchi Line, Tokyo Metro Fukutoshin Line, and Toei Shinjuku Line)
*[[Tochōmae Station]] (Toei Ōedo Line)

Nearby non-connected stations (within 500 meters of an underground passageway or station) include
*[[Shinjuku-gyoemmae Station]]
*[[Yoyogi Station]]
*[[Higashi-shinjuku Station]]
*[[Ōkubo Station (Tokyo)|Okubo Station]]
*[[Shin-Ōkubo Station|Shin-Okubo Station]]
*[[Minami-Shinjuku Station]]

===Bus terminals===
There is a bus terminal at the west exit servicing both local and long-distance buses and a JR Highway Bus terminal at the New South Gates.

On April 4, 2016, the new bus terminal and commercial facilities nearby the south exit, named {{ill|Busta Shinjuku|ja|Tバスタ新宿}} ([[Shinjuku Expressway Bus Terminal]]), opened for service.<ref>[http://shinjuku-busterminal.co.jp/ Buster Shinjuku] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406133834/http://shinjuku-busterminal.co.jp/ |date=April 6, 2016 }} Shinjuku-busterminal.co.jp</ref> Considerable numbers of coaches and airport buses depart from this new terminal.

{{See also|Shinjuku Highway Bus Terminal}}

==Passenger statistics==
The figures below are the official number of passengers entering and exiting (except for JR East) each day released by each train operator. The figure for JR East only includes entering passengers.

{| class="wikitable"
! colspan=2 | Operator !! Number !! [[Fiscal year]] !! Source !! Note
|-
| colspan=2 | JR East || 751,018 (boarding only) || 2013 ||<ref name="jreast2013stats">{{cite web |url=http://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/index.html |script-title=ja:各駅の乗車人員 （2013年度） |trans-title=Station passenger figures (Fiscal 2013) |publisher=East Japan Railway Company |location=Japan |language=ja |access-date=August 31, 2014 |archive-date=May 6, 2001 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010506032321/http://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
 || Boarding passengers only. The busiest station in Japan.
|-
| colspan=2 | Odakyu || 494,184 || 2013 ||<ref name="Odakyustats2013">{{cite web |url=http://www.odakyu.jp/company/business/railways/users/ |script-title=ja:1日平均乗降人員 |trans-title=Average daily station usage figures |publisher=Odakyu Electric Railway |access-date=September 12, 2014 |language=ja |archive-date=March 5, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305052332/http://www.odakyu.jp/company/business/railways/users/ |url-status=live }}</ref> || The busiest Odakyu station
|-
| colspan=2 | Keio || 730,849|| 2013 ||<ref name="keiostats2013">{{cite web |url=http://www.keio.co.jp/group/traffic/railroading/passengers/index.html |script-title=ja:1日の駅別乗降人員 |trans-title=Average daily station usage figures |year=2013 |language=ja |location=Japan |publisher=Keio Corporation |access-date=August 31, 2014 |archive-date=February 2, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130202181834/http://www.keio.co.jp/group/traffic/railroading/passengers/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> || The busiest Keio station, the sum of the ridership of the [[Keiō New Line]] and [[Keiō Line]].
|-
| colspan=2 | Tokyo Metro || 227,366 || 2013 ||<ref name="tokyometrostats2013">{{cite web |url=http://www.tokyometro.jp/corporate/enterprise/passenger_rail/transportation/passengers/index.html |script-title=ja:各駅の乗降人員ランキング |trans-title=Station usage ranking |publisher=Tokyo Metro |access-date=August 31, 2014 |language=ja |archive-date=February 13, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213023703/http://www.tokyometro.jp/corporate/enterprise/passenger_rail/transportation/passengers/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> || The 6th busiest Tokyo Metro station
|-　
| rowspan=2 | Toei || [[Toei Shinjuku Line|Shinjuku Line]] || 266,869 || 2013 || 134,185 entries and 132,684 exits<ref name="toeistats2013">{{cite web |url=http://www.kotsu.metro.tokyo.jp/subway/kanren/passengers.html |script-title=ja:各駅乗降人員一覧 |trans-title=Station usage figures |publisher=Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation |access-date=September 9, 2014 |language=ja |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031418/http://www.kotsu.metro.tokyo.jp/subway/kanren/passengers.html |url-status=live }}</ref>|| rowspan=2 | The busiest Toei subway station
|-
| [[Toei Ōedo Line|Oedo Line]]|| 133,075 || 2013 || 64,701 entries and 68,374 exits<ref name="toeistats2013"/>
|}

'''Average number of passengers per day by fiscal year for the JR East station (1913–1935)'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Fiscal year !! Daily average
|-
| 1913|| 5,052<ref name="jnr1985">{{cite book |title=日本国有鉄道停車場一覧 |publisher=Japanese National Railways |year=1985 |isbn=4-533-00503-9 |location=Japan |page=480 |trans-title=JNR Station Directory}}</ref>
|-
|1915
|4,684
|-
|1920
|14,358
|-
|1925
|40,061
|-
|1930
|71,555
|-
|1935
|66,230
|}

'''Average number of passengers per day by fiscal year for the JR East station (1953–2000)'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Fiscal year !! Daily average
|-
|1953
|133,435
|-
|1955
|153,313
|-
| 1960|| 305,236<ref name="jnr1985" />
|-
|1965
|389,700
|-
|1970
|472,841
|-
| 1971|| 614,419<ref name="jnr1985" />
|-
|1975
|652,642
|-
|1980
|625,707
|-
| 1984|| 648,659<ref name="jnr1985" />
|-
|1990
|709,490
|-
|1991
|741,421
|-
|1992
|735,192
|-
|1993
|741,342
|-
|1994
|740,063
|-
|1995
|743,710
|-
|1996
|767,800
|-
|1997
|765,518
|-
|1998
|756,551
|-
|1999
|756,772
|-
| 2000|| 753,791<ref name="jreast2000stats">{{cite web |script-title=ja:各駅の乗車人員 （2000年度） |trans-title=Station passenger figures (Fiscal 2000) |url=http://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2000.html |access-date=January 2, 2013 |publisher=East Japan Railway Company |location=Japan |language=ja |archive-date=October 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141009023233/http://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2000.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|}

'''Average number of passengers per day by fiscal year for the JR East station (2001–present)'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Fiscal year !! Daily average
|-
|2001
|745,153<ref>{{Cite web |title=JR東日本：各駅の乗車人員（2001年度） |url=https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2001.html |access-date=2022-08-27 |website=www.jreast.co.jp |archive-date=July 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729160718/https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2001.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|2002
|748,515<ref>{{Cite web |title=JR東日本：各駅の乗車人員（2002年度） |url=https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2002.html |access-date=2022-08-27 |website=www.jreast.co.jp |archive-date=July 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729160731/https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2002.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|2003
|746,293<ref>{{Cite web |title=JR東日本：各駅の乗車人員（2003年度） |url=https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2003.html |access-date=2022-08-27 |website=www.jreast.co.jp |archive-date=July 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729160743/https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2003.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|2004
|742,183<ref>{{Cite web |title=JR東日本：各駅の乗車人員（2004年度） |url=https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2004.html |access-date=2022-08-27 |website=www.jreast.co.jp |archive-date=July 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729160752/https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2004.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| 2005|| 747,930<ref name="jreast2005stats">{{cite web |url=http://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2005.html |script-title=ja:各駅の乗車人員 （2005年度） |trans-title=Station passenger figures (Fiscal 2005) |publisher=East Japan Railway Company |location=Japan |language=ja |access-date=January 2, 2013 |archive-date=October 9, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141009222358/http://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2005.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|2006
|757,013<ref>{{Cite web |title=JR東日本：各駅の乗車人員（2006年度） |url=https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2006.html |access-date=2022-08-27 |website=www.jreast.co.jp |archive-date=July 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729160812/https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2006.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|2007
|785,801<ref>{{Cite web |title=JR東日本：各駅の乗車人員（2007年度） |url=https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2007.html |access-date=2022-08-27 |website=www.jreast.co.jp |archive-date=July 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729160819/https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2007.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|2008
|766,020<ref>{{Cite web |title=JR東日本：各駅の乗車人員（2008年度） |url=https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2008.html |access-date=2022-08-27 |website=www.jreast.co.jp |archive-date=July 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729160830/https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2008.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|2009
|748,522<ref>{{Cite web |title=JR東日本：各駅の乗車人員（2009年度） |url=https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2009.html |access-date=2022-08-27 |website=www.jreast.co.jp |archive-date=July 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729160837/https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2009.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| 2010 || 736,715<ref name="jreast2010stats">{{cite web |url=http://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2010.html |script-title=ja:各駅の乗車人員 (2010年度) |trans-title=Station passenger figures (Fiscal 2010) |publisher=East Japan Railway Company |location=Japan |language=ja |access-date=January 2, 2013 |archive-date=October 6, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006175258/http://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2010.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| 2011 || 734,154<ref name="jreast2011stats">{{cite web |url=http://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2011.html |script-title=ja:各駅の乗車人員 （2011年度） |trans-title=Station passenger figures (Fiscal 2011) |publisher=East Japan Railway Company |location=Japan |language=ja |access-date=August 31, 2014 |archive-date=October 8, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141008165126/http://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2011.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| 2012 || 742,833<ref name="jreast2012stats">{{cite web |url=http://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2012.html |script-title=ja:各駅の乗車人員 （2012年度） |trans-title=Station passenger figures (Fiscal 2012) |publisher=East Japan Railway Company |location=Japan |language=ja |access-date=August 31, 2014 |archive-date=October 7, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141007220750/http://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2012.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| 2013 || 751,018<ref name="jreast2013stats" />
|-
|2014
|748,157<ref>{{Cite web |title=各駅の乗車人員 2014年度 ベスト100：JR東日本 |url=https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2014.html |access-date=2022-08-27 |website=www.jreast.co.jp |archive-date=July 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729160937/https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2014.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|2015
|760,043<ref>{{Cite web |title=各駅の乗車人員 2015年度 ベスト100：JR東日本 |url=https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2015.html |access-date=2022-08-27 |website=www.jreast.co.jp |archive-date=August 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804042613/https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2015.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|2016
|769,307<ref>{{Cite web |title=各駅の乗車人員 2016年度 ベスト100：JR東日本 |url=https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2016.html |access-date=2022-08-27 |website=www.jreast.co.jp |archive-date=July 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729160950/https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2016.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|2017
|778,618<ref>{{Cite web |title=各駅の乗車人員 2017年度 ベスト100：JR東日本 |url=https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2017.html |access-date=2022-08-27 |website=www.jreast.co.jp |archive-date=July 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729160955/https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2017.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|2018
|789,366<ref>{{Cite web |title=各駅の乗車人員 2018年度 ベスト100：JR東日本 |url=https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2018.html |access-date=2022-08-27 |website=www.jreast.co.jp |archive-date=August 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804042646/https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2018.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|2019
|775,386<ref>{{Cite web |title=各駅の乗車人員 2019年度 ベスト100：JR東日本 |url=https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2019.html |access-date=2022-08-27 |website=www.jreast.co.jp |archive-date=May 7, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220507025104/https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/2019.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|2020
|477,073<ref>{{Cite web |title=各駅の乗車人員 2020年度 ベスト100｜企業サイト：JR東日本 |url=https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/ |access-date=2022-08-27 |website=JR東日本：東日本旅客鉄道株式会社 |language=ja |archive-date=August 1, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801084045/https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|2021
|522,178<ref>{{Cite web |title=各駅の乗車人員 2021年度 ベスト100｜企業サイト：JR東日本 |url=https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/ |access-date=2022-08-27 |website=JR東日本：東日本旅客鉄道株式会社 |language=ja |archive-date=August 1, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801084045/https://www.jreast.co.jp/passenger/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|}

== Cultural references ==
[[File:Carl-Randall---Shinjuku-painting.jpg|thumb|''Shinjuku'', by Carl Randall]]
The station and other parts of the [[Toei Ōedo Line]] are referenced in the [[Digimon Adventure (1999 TV series)|Digimon Adventure]] franchise.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Odaiba Memorial – Shinjuku |url=http://marron.extracaffeine.com/odaiba/shinjuku.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222124639/http://marron.extracaffeine.com/odaiba/shinjuku.html |archive-date=December 22, 2015 |access-date=December 15, 2015 |website=marron.extracaffeine.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Odaiba Memorial – Hikarigaoka |url=http://marron.extracaffeine.com/odaiba/hikarigaoka.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222125628/http://marron.extracaffeine.com/odaiba/hikarigaoka.html |archive-date=December 22, 2015 |access-date=December 15, 2015 |website=marron.extracaffeine.com}}</ref> Contemporary British painter [[Carl Randall]] (who spent ten years living in Tokyo as an artist) depicted the station area in his large oil painting ''Shinjuku'', exhibited at the National Portrait Gallery in London in 2013.<ref name="BBC Carl Randall interview">{{citation |title=BBC World Service: World Update. 'Carl Randall - Painting the faces in Japan's crowded cities'. |publisher=BBC |year=2016 |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p03mt7rn |access-date=December 27, 2016 |archive-date=December 27, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161227232234/http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p03mt7rn |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="BBC News - Carl Randall interview">{{citation |title=BBC News. 'Painting the faces in Japan's crowded cities'. |publisher=BBC News - Arts & Entertainment |year=2016 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-35841387 |access-date=June 21, 2018 |archive-date=February 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222002416/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-35841387 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Bp 2013">{{citation |title=BP Portrait Award 2013 |publisher=The National Portrait Gallery, London |year=2013 |url=http://www.npg.org.uk/whatson/exhibitions/bp-portrait-award-2013/the-exhibition/exhibitors/bp-2013-exhibitor-6.php |access-date=December 27, 2016 |archive-date=February 6, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170206151037/http://www.npg.org.uk/whatson/exhibitions/bp-portrait-award-2013/the-exhibition/exhibitors/bp-2013-exhibitor-6.php |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Shinjuku artwork">{{citation |title='Shinjuku painting'. |publisher=Carl Randall artist website |year=2016 |url=http://www.carlrandall.com/japan-portraits/shinjuku-tokyo-painting |access-date=December 27, 2016 |archive-date=October 21, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231021042006/https://www.carlrandall.com/japan-portraits/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==See also==
{{#invoke:Portal|portal|Tokyo}}
*[[List of East Japan Railway Company stations]]
*[[List of railway stations in Japan]]
*[[Transport in Greater Tokyo]]
*[[Train station#Records|World's busiest railway stations]]

==References==
<references />

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*[http://www.jreast.co.jp/e/stations/e866.html JR map of Shinjuku Station]
*[http://www.odakyu.jp/english/traffic/shinjuku/station/ map of Odakyu Shinjuku Station]
*[https://www.keio.co.jp/english/howto/shinjuku/pdf/ksb01_shinjuku.pdf Shinjuku station map from Keio]
*[http://www.kotsu.metro.tokyo.jp/subway/stations/shinjuku/i/solid_s.jpg map of Toei Subway Shinjuku Station] {{in lang|ja}}
*[http://www.tokyometro.jp/station/shinjuku/yardmap/index_print.html map of Tokyo Metro Shinjuku Station] {{in lang|ja}}
{{Shibuya, Tokyo}}
{{Shinjuku}}
{{Navboxes top}}
{{Yamanote Line}}
{{Shonan-Shinjuku Line}}
{{Saikyo Line}}
{{Chuo-Sobu Line}}
{{Chuo Line (Rapid)}}
{{Chūō East Line}}
{{Odakyu Odawara Line}}
{{Keio Line}}
{{Keio New Line}}
{{Toei Shinjuku Line}}
{{Toei Oedo Line}}
{{Tokyo Metro Marunouchi Line}}
{{Tokyo transit}}
{{Navboxes bottom}}
{{#invoke:Coordinates|coord|35|41|22|N|139|42|02|E|type:railwaystation|display=title}}

[[Category:Yamanote Line]]
[[Category:Saikyō Line]]
[[Category:Shōnan-Shinjuku Line]]
[[Category:Chūō Main Line]]
[[Category:Chūō-Sōbu Line]]
[[Category:Odakyu Odawara Line]]
[[Category:Keio Line]]
[[Category:Keio New Line]]
[[Category:Toei Shinjuku Line]]
[[Category:Toei Ōedo Line]]
[[Category:Tokyo Metro Marunouchi Line]]
[[Category:Stations of East Japan Railway Company]]
[[Category:Stations of Odakyu Electric Railway]]
[[Category:Stations of Keio Corporation]]
[[Category:Stations of Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation]]
[[Category:Stations of Tokyo Metro]]
[[Category:Railway stations in Japan opened in 1885]]