Editing Siberian chiffchaff

{{Short description|Subspecies of bird}}
{{Subspeciesbox
| name = Siberian chiffchaff
| image = Siberian Chiffchaff I IMG 9454.jpg
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status">{{cite iucn |author= BirdLife International |author-link=BirdLife International |year=2024 |title=''Phylloscopus tristis'' |page=e.T103844067A264546725 |doi= |access-date=28 October 2024}}</ref>
| genus = Phylloscopus
| species = collybita
| species_link = Common chiffchaff
| subspecies = tristis
| authority = Blyth, 1843
| synonyms = ''Phylloscopus tristis''
| range_map = PhylloscopusTristisIUCN2019-2.png
| range_map_caption = Range of ''P. collybita tristis''{{leftlegend|#00FF00|Breeding|outline=gray}} {{leftlegend|#007FFF|Non-breeding|outline=gray}}
}}

'''Siberian chiffchaff''' (''Phylloscopus collybita tristis'') is a [[leaf-warbler]] which is usually considered a subspecies of the [[common chiffchaff]], but may be a species in its own right.

==Range==

Siberian chiffchaff breeds in [[Siberia]] east of the [[Pechora River]] and winters in the lower [[Himalayas]].<ref name= Baker>{{cite book | last = Baker | first = Kevin |title = Warblers of Europe, Asia and North Africa (Helm Identification Guides)  | year = 1997 | publisher = Helm| isbn =978-0-7136-3971-1 |pages = 256–259 | location = London| title-link = Helm Identification Guides }}</ref>

===Status in Europe and North America===

It is also regularly recorded in western Europe in winter, and it is likely that the numbers involved have been underestimated due to uncertainties over identification criteria, lack of good data and recording policies ([[Sweden]] and [[Finland]] only accept trapped birds).<ref name= dean8>{{Cite journal | last1 = Dean | first1 = Alan | last2 = Bradshaw | first2 = Colin | last3 = Martin | first3 = John | last4 = Stoddart | first4 = Andy | last5 = Walbridge | first5 = Grahame | year = 2010 | title = The status in Britain of 'Siberian Chiffchaff' | journal = British Birds  | volume = 103 | pages = 320–337 }}</ref>

Because of their unfamiliar appearance, British records in the 1950s and 1960s were originally thought to be [[greenish warbler]]s, and accepted as such by [[British Birds Rarities Committee|BBRC]], the national [[bird records committee|rarities committee]], until the records were reviewed in the 1980s.<ref name=Greenish>{{Cite journal | last1 = Dean | first1 = Alan | year = 1985 | title = Review of British status and identification of Greenish Warbler | journal = British Birds  | volume = 78 | issue = 9 | pages = 437–451 }}</ref>

A [[Gambell, Alaska]] bird discovered by Alexander Lin-Moore and Ethan Goodman on June 5, 2015 and seen by many birders would be the 4th (or 5th?) reported in North America.<ref name=previous>{{cite web |url=http://birdingfrontiers.com/2014/06/15/siberian-chiffchaffs-in-alaska/ |title=Siberian Chiffchaffs in Alaska {{!}} Birding Frontiers |website=birdingfrontiers.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140909091002/http://birdingfrontiers.com/2014/06/15/siberian-chiffchaffs-in-alaska/ |archive-date=2014-09-09}} </ref>

==Appearance and vocalisations==

It is a dull bird, grey or brownish above and whitish below, with little yellow in the plumage, and the buff-white supercilium is often longer than in the western subspecies. It has  a higher pitched ''suitsistsuisit'' song and a short high-pitched ''cheet'' call.<ref name= chiffchaff>{{cite book | last = Clement| first = Peter|title = The Chiffchaff| year = 1995 | publisher = Hamlyn| location = London|isbn = 978-0-600-57978-6}}</ref> It is sometimes considered to be a full species due to its distinctive plumage and vocalisations, being similar to ''P. s. sindianus'' in these respects.<ref name=Martens1982>{{cite journal|author=Martens, Jochen |year=1982|title=Ringförmige Arealüberschneidung und Artbildung beim Zilpzalp, ''Phylloscopus collybita''. Das ''lorenzii''-Problem|journal=Zeitschrift für Zoologische Systematik und Evolutionsforschung|volume=20|pages=82–100|doi=10.1111/j.1439-0469.1983.tb00254.x |lang=de|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name= Helbig1996>{{Cite journal | last1 = Helbig | first1 = Andreas J. | last2 = Martens | first2 = Jochen | last3 = Seibold | first3 = I. | last4 = Henning | first4 = F. | last5 = Schottler | first5 = B | last6 = Wink | first6 = Michael | year = 1996 | title = Phylogeny and species limits in the Palearctic Chiffchaff ''Phylloscopus collybita'' complex: mitochondrial genetic differentiation and bioacoustic evidence | url = http://www.uni-heidelberg.de/institute/fak14/ipmb/phazb/pubwink/1996/13_1996.pdf | journal = [[Ibis (journal)|Ibis]] | volume = 138 | issue = 4| pages = 650–666 | doi = 10.1111/j.1474-919X.1996.tb04767.x }}</ref>

==Taxonomy==

Common chiffchaffs (of the nominate race) and Siberian chiffchaffs do not recognize each other's songs.<ref name=Schubert>{{cite journal | last1 = Schubert | first1 = M | year = 1982 | title = Zur Lautgebung mehrerer zentralasiatischer Laubsänger-Arten (''Phylloscopus''; Aves, Sylviidae) | journal = Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum Berlin | volume = 58 | pages = 109–128 |language=de}}</ref><ref name = MartensMeincke1989>{{cite journal | last1 = Martens | first1 = Jochen | last2 = Meincke | first2 = C | year = 1989 | title = Der sibirische Zilpzalp (''Phylloscopus collybita tristis''): Gesang und Reaktion einer mitteleuropäischen Population im Freilandversuch | journal = Journal für Ornithologie | volume = 130 | issue = 4| pages = 455–473 | doi = 10.1007/BF01918465 | s2cid = 25216705 |language=de}}</ref> Pending resolution of the status of the form ''fulvescens'', which is found where the ranges of common chiffchaff (of the race ''abietinus'') and Siberian chiffchaff connect and may<ref name= Marova>{{cite journal |author=Marova, I. M. |author2= Leonovich, V. V. |year=1993 |title=Hybridization between Siberian (''Phylloscopus collybita tristis'') and East European (''Ph. collybita abietinus'') Chiffchaffs in the area of sympatry|journal=Sbornik Trudov Zoologicheskogo Muzeya, Moskovskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta|volume=30|pages=147–163|lang=ru}}</ref> or may not<ref name = MartensMeincke1989/> be a hybrid between these, ''tristis'' is maintained in ''P. collybita'' by most checklists.<ref name = Sangster2002>{{Cite journal | last1 = Sangster | first1 = George | last2 = Knox | first2 = Alan G. | last3 = Helbig | first3 = Andreas J. | last4 = Parkin | first4 = David T. | year = 2002 | title = Taxonomic recommendations for European birds | journal = [[Ibis (journal)|Ibis]] | volume = 144 | issue = 1| pages = 153–159 | doi = 10.1046/j.0019-1019.2001.00026.x }}</ref>

==Resources==

{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite journal | last1 = Heard | first1 = Chris | author-link = Chris Heard | year = 1989 | title = Racial identification of wintering Chiffchaffs | journal = [[Birding World]] | volume = 2 | issue = 2| pages = 60–65 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = King | first1 = Jon | year = 1996 | title = A cat among the chiffchaffs | journal = Birding World | volume = 9 | issue = 4| pages = 155–156 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = McGregor | first1 = Ross | year = 1997 | title = Siberian Chiffchaffs in Aberdeenshire | journal = Birding World | volume = 10 | issue = 2| page = 70 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Pennington | first1 = Mike | year = 1997 | title = Siberian Chiffchaffs in Britain | journal = Birding World | volume = 10 | issue = 4| pages = 153–154 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Millington | first1 = Richard | author-link = Millington, Richard | year = 2000 | title = The Siberian Chiffchaffs in Worcestershire | journal = Birding World | volume = 13 | issue = 2| pages = 58–59 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Dean | first1 = Alan R. | author-link = Alan R. Dean | author-link2 = Lars Svensson (ornithologist) | last2 = Svensson | first2 = Lars | year = 2005 | title = 'Siberian Chiffchaff' revisited | url = http://www.britishbirds.co.uk/search?model=pdf&id=9190 | journal = [[British Birds (magazine)|British Birds]] | volume = 98 | issue = 8| pages = 396–410 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Dean | first1 = Alan R | year = 2008 | title = Colour nomenclature and Siberian Chiffchaff | journal = British Birds | volume = 101 | issue = 3| pages = 144–149 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Dubois | first1 = Philippe J. | author-link = Dubois, Philippe J. | last2 = Duquet | first2 = Marc | year = 2008 | title = Further thoughts on Siberian Chiffchaff | journal = British Birds | volume = 101 | issue = 3| pages = 149–150 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = den Berg | first1 = Arnoud B. | author-link = Arnoud B. van den Berg | year = 2009 | title = Calls, identification and taxonomy of Siberian Chiffchaff: an analysis | journal = [[Dutch Birding]] | volume = 31 | issue = 2| pages = 79–85 }}
* Ebels, Enno (2009) "Siberische Tjiftjaffen in Nederland: voorkomen en determinatie" ''Dutch Birding'' 31(2): 86-100 (in Dutch with English summary)
* {{cite journal | last1 = McGeehan | first1 = Anthony | year = 2011 | title = Siberian Chiffchaff - in from the cold | journal = Birding World | volume = 24 | issue = 1| pages = 18–23 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = de Knijff | first1 = Peter | last2 = van der Spek | first2 = Vincent | last3 = Fischer | first3 = Johannes | year = 2012 | title = Genetic identity of grey chiffchaffs trapped in the Netherlands in autumns of 2009-11 | journal = Dutch Birding | volume = 34 | issue = 6| pages = 386–392 }}
* {{cite journal | last1 = Collinson | last2 = Martin | first2 = J. | last3 = Shannon | first3 = Thomas | last4 = Archer | first4 = Paul | last5 = Odin | first5 = Nigel | last6 = Riddington | first6 = Roger | last7 = Walsh | first7 = Paul | year = 2013 | title = Genetic analysis of migrant Siberian Chiffchaffs in Britain and Ireland | journal = British Birds | volume = 106 | issue = 2| pages = 109–113 }}

{{Taxonbar|from1=Q15708240|from2=Q2388531}}

[[Category:Phylloscopus]]
[[Category:Subspecies]]