Editing Simulcast

{{short description|Broadcasting the same content over multiple mediums}}
{{About||the Canadian regulation|Simultaneous substitution|an online release of broadcast programme|Digital distribution|the album by [[Tycho (musician)|Tycho]]|Simulcast (album)}}

'''Simulcast''' (a [[portmanteau]] of "'''simul'''taneous broad'''cast'''") is the [[broadcasting]] of programs or events across more than one [[image resolution|resolution]], [[bitrate]] or [[Mass media|medium]], or more than one service on the same medium, at exactly the same time (that is, simultaneously). For example, [[Absolute Radio]] is simulcast on both [[AM broadcasting|AM]] and on [[satellite radio]].<ref name="Absolute Radio launch">{{cite web|url=http://www.marketingweek.co.uk/cgi-bin/item.cgi?id=62526&d=254&h=5&f=3/|title=Absolute Radio signs exclusive Sony Ericsson ad deal|last=Parry|first=Caroline|date=18 September 2008|access-date=18 September 2008|work=Marketing Week}}</ref><ref name="Absolute Radio">{{cite web|url=http://www.brandrepublic.com/News/842893/Plans-revealed-rebrand-Virgin-Radio-Absolute/|title=Plans revealed to rebrand Virgin Radio as Absolute|last=Barnett|first=Emma|date=1 September 2008|access-date=1 September 2008|work=Brand Republic| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080907014531/http://www.brandrepublic.com/News/842893/Plans-revealed-rebrand-Virgin-Radio-Absolute/| archive-date= 7 September 2008 | url-status= live}}</ref> Likewise, the [[BBC]]'s [[The Proms|Prom]] [[concert]]s were formerly simulcast on both [[BBC Radio 3]] and [[BBC Television]]. Another application is the transmission of the original-language [[soundtrack]] of movies or TV series over local or [[Internet radio]], with the television broadcast having been [[dubbing|dubbed]] into a local language. Yet another is when a sports game, such as [[Super Bowl LVIII]], is simulcast on multiple television networks at the same time. In the case of Super Bowl LVIII, the game's main broadcast channel was [[CBS]], but viewers could watch it on other CBS-owned [[television channel]]s or [[streaming service]]s as well; [[Nickelodeon]] and [[Paramount+]] showed the [[American English|English-language]] broadcast, while [[Univision]] showed the same visual but had [[Spanish-language]] [[Sports broadcaster|broadcaster]]s for its audio.

==Early radio simulcasts==
Before launching stereo radio, experiments were conducted by transmitting left and right channels on different radio channels.  The earliest record found was a broadcast by the BBC in 1926 of a Halle Orchestra concert from Manchester, using the wavelengths of the regional stations and Daventry.<ref>Practical Television, April 1964, p305. see http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Practical/Television/60s/Practical-Television-1964-04.pdf</ref>

In its earliest days, the BBC often transmitted the same programme on the "National Service" and the "Regional Network".

An early use of the word "simulcast" is from 1925.<ref>{{cite book |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Establishing and Operating a Dry Cleaning Business |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SoPpXtZhE_MC&q=Simulcast |publisher=United States. Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce. Office of Industry and Commerce |page=5 |date=1925}}</ref>

Between 1990 and 1994, the BBC broadcast a channel of entertainment (Radio 5) which offered a wide range of simulcasts, taking programmes from the BBC World Service and Radio 1, 2, 3 and 4 for simultaneous broadcast.

==Simulcasting to provide stereo sound for TV broadcasts==
Before stereo TV sound transmission was possible, simulcasting on TV and radio was a method of effectively transmitting "stereo" sound to music TV broadcasts. Typically, an FM frequency in the broadcast area for viewers to tune their stereo systems to would be displayed on the screen. The band [[Grateful Dead]] and their concert "Great Canadian Train Ride" in 1970 was the first TV broadcast of a live concert with FM simulcast. In the 1970s [[WPXI]] in Pittsburgh broadcast a live [[Boz Scaggs]] performance which had the audio simultaneously broadcast on two FM radio stations to create a quadrophonic sound, the first of its kind. The first such transmission in the United Kingdom was on 14 November 1972, when the BBC broadcast a live classical concert from the Royal Albert Hall on both BBC2 and Radio 3.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbctwo/england/1972-11-14#at-19.30|title=Schedule - BBC Programme Index}}</ref> The first pop/rock simulcast was almost two years later, a recording of [[Van Morrison]]'s London Rainbow Concert simultaneously on BBC2 TV and Radio 2 (see ''[[It's Too Late to Stop Now]]'') on 27 May 1974.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/schedules/bbctwo/england/1974-05-27#at-23.00|title=Schedule - BBC Programme Index}}</ref>

Similarly, in the 1980s, before Multichannel Television Sound or home theater was commonplace in American households, broadcasters would air a [[high fidelity]] version of a television program's audio portion over FM stereo simultaneous with the television broadcast. [[PBS]] stations were the most likely to use this technique, especially when airing a live concert. It was also a way of allowing [[MTV]] and similar music channels to run stereo sound through the cable-TV network. This method required a stereo FM transmitter modulating MTV's stereo soundtrack through the cable-TV network, and customers connecting their FM receiver's antenna input to the cable-TV outlet. They would then tune the FM receiver to the specified frequency that would be published in documentation supplied by the cable-TV provider.

With the introduction of commercial FM stations in Australia in July 1980, commercial TV channels began simulcasting some music based programs with the new commercial FM stations and continued to do so into the early 1990s.  These were initially rock based programs, such as late night music video shows and rock concerts, but later included some major rock musicals such as ''[[The Rocky Horror Picture Show]]'' and ''[[The Blues Brothers (film)|The Blues Brothers]]'' when they first aired on TV. During the mid-1980s the final Australian concert of several major rock artists such as Dire Straits were simulcast live on a commercial TV and FM station.  The ABC also simulcast some programs on ABC Television and [[ABC Classic FM|ABC FM]], including the final concert of [[Elton John]] with the [[Melbourne Symphony Orchestra]].

In [[South Africa]], the [[SABC]] radio station [[Radio 2000]] was established in 1986 to simulcast [[SABC 1]] programming, especially imported American and British television shows, in their original [[English language|English]], before South Africa adopted a stereo standard which allowed secondary audio tracks through the television spectrum.

The first cable TV concert simulcast was [[Frank Zappa]]'s Halloween show (31 October 1981), live from NYC's Palladium and shown on MTV with the audio-only portion simulcast over FM's new "Starfleet Radio" network. Engineered by Mark G. Pinske with the [[UMRK]] mobile recording truck. A later, notable application for simulcasting in this context was the [[Live Aid]] benefit concert that was broadcast around the world on 13 July 1985. Most destinations where this concert was broadcast had the concert simulcast by at least one TV network and at least one of the local FM stations.

Most stereo-capable video recorders made through the 1980s and early 1990s had a "simulcast" recording mode where they recorded video signals from the built-in TV tuner and audio signals from the VCR's audio line-in connectors. This was to allow one to connect a stereo FM tuner that is tuned to the simulcast frequency to the VCR's audio input in order to record the stereo sound of a TV program that would otherwise be recorded in mono. The function was primarily necessary with stereo VCRs that didn't have a stereo TV tuner or were operated in areas where stereo TV broadcasting wasn't in place. This was typically selected through the user setting the input selector to "Simulcast" or "Radio" mode or, in the case of some JVC units, the user setting another "audio input" switch from "TV" or "Tuner" to "Line".

In the mid to late 1990s, video game developer [[Nintendo]] utilized simulcasting to provide enhanced [[orchestral]] scoring and voice-acting for the first ever "integrated radio-games"<ref name="bsz1worldfirst">{{cite video game|title=BS-X: Sore wa Namae o Nusumareta Machi no Monogatari|developer=[[Nintendo]]|publisher=[[Nintendo]]/[[St.GIGA]]|date=13 February 1995|platform=[[Satellaview]]|version=1995/8/8|language=ja|isolang=ja|quote='''Kabe shinbunsha''': ８月６日（日）、世界初のジオ／ゲー動プログラム「ＢＳゼルダの伝説」が大好評につき９月の再放送がついに決定した。[http://www.f3.dion.ne.jp/~kameb/satella/st_kbn/n58.htm#eb]}}</ref> – its [[Satellaview]] video games. Whereas digital game data was broadcast to the Satellaview unit to provide the basic game and game sounds, Nintendo's partner, satellite radio company [[St.GIGA]], simultaneously broadcast the musical and vocal portion of the game via radio. These two streams were combined at the Satellaview to provide a unified audiotrack analogous to stereo.<ref>"Satellaview: juegos desde el espacio." ''Atomicx''. pp.54-57. July 2009.</ref>

==Other uses==
The term "simulcast" (describing simultaneous radio/television broadcast) was coined in 1948 by a press agent at WCAU-TV, Philadelphia.<ref>John Crosby, "Television Headache in Etymology," Oakland (CA) Tribune, 15 June 1948.</ref> NBC and CBS had begun broadcasting a few programs both to their established nationwide radio audience and to the much smaller—though steadily-growing—television audience. NBC's "Voice of Firestone" is sometimes mentioned in this regard, but NBC's "Voice of Firestone Televues" program, reaching a small Eastern audience beginning in 1943, was a TV-only show, distinct from the radio "Voice of Firestone" broadcasts. Actual TV-AM radio simulcasts of the very same "Voice of Firestone" program began only on 5 September 1949.<ref>"Radio and Television: 'Voice of Firestone' to Assume Dual Role as Broadcast-Telecast Show Sept. 5." New York Times, 29 August 1949.</ref> A documented candidate for first true simulcast may well be NBC's "We the People."<ref>Rowe, Billy. "'We the People' First to Televise Top Radio Show." Pittsburgh Courier, 12 June 1948.</ref> Toscanini's NBC Symphony performance of 15 March 1952 is perhaps a first instance of radio/TV simulcasting of a concert, predating the much-heralded rock concert simulcasts beginning in the 1980s. It could, however, be argued that these Toscanini presentations—with admission controlled by NBC, as with all its programming—were no more "public concerts" than NBC's "Voice of Firestone" broadcasts beginning in 1949, or its "Band of America" programs, which were simulcast starting 17 October 1949.<ref>Gould, Jack. "Television in Review: WOR-TV Opens as Seventh Metropolitan Station--'Band of America'."</ref> Likewise Toscanini's simulcast NBC presentation of two acts of Verdi's "Aida" on 3 April 1949.<ref>Downes, Olin. "Creative 'Aida'--Toscanini Shows How a Familiar Work Can Be Restored to Greatness." New York Times, 4 April 1949.</ref>

Presently, in the United States, simulcast most often refers to the practice of offering the same programming on an FM and AM station owned by the same entity, in order to cut costs. With the advent of solid state AM transmitters and computers, it has become very easy for AM stations to broadcast a different format without additional cost; therefore, simulcast between FM/AM combinations are rarely heard today outside of rural areas, and in urban areas, where often the [[talk radio]], [[sports radio]], or [[all-news radio]] format of an AM station is simulcast on FM, mainly for the convenience of listeners in office buildings in urban cores which easily block AM signals, as well as those with FM-only tuners. In another case, popular programs will be aired simultaneously on different services in adjacent countries, such as animated sitcom ''[[The Simpsons]]'', airing Sunday evenings at 8:00&nbsp;p.m. (Eastern and Pacific times) on both [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] in the [[United States]] and [[Global Television Network|Global]] (1989 to 2018) and [[Citytv]] (2018 to 2021) in [[Canada]] and entertainment show ''[[Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway]]'', airing Saturday nights at various times between 7:00&nbsp;pm and 7:30&nbsp;pm on [[ITV (TV channel)|ITV]] in the [[United Kingdom]] and [[Virgin Media One]] in the [[Republic of Ireland]].

During [[apartheid]] in [[South Africa]], many foreign programmes on [[South African Broadcasting Corporation|SABC]] [[Television in South Africa|television]] were dubbed in [[Afrikaans]]. The original soundtrack, usually in [[English language|English]], but sometimes in [[German language|German]] or [[Dutch language|Dutch]] was available on the Radio 2000 service.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=-NRDAQAAIAAJ&q=Radio+2000+afrikaans ''The voice, the vision: a sixty year history of the South African Broadcasting Corporation''], Malcolm Theunissen, Victor Nikitin, Melanie Pillay, Advent Graphics, 1996, page 120</ref> This could be selected using a button labeled simulcast on many televisions manufactured before 1995.

Radio programs have been simulcast on television since the invention thereof however, as of recent, perhaps the most visible example of radio shows on television is ''[[The Howard Stern Show]]'', which currently airs on [[Howard 100 and Howard 101|Sirius Satellite Radio]] as well as [[Howard Stern television shows#Howard Stern On Demand|Howard TV]]. Another prominent radio show that was simulcast on television is ''[[Imus in the Morning]]'', which until the simulcast ended in 2015, aired throughout the years on [[MSNBC]], [[RFD-TV]] and [[Fox Business Network]], in addition to its radio broadcast distributed by [[Cumulus Media Networks|Citadel Media]]. Multiple [[sports talk]] radio shows, including ''[[Mike & Mike]]'', ''[[The Herd with Colin Cowherd]]'' and ''[[Boomer and Carton]]'' also are carried on television, saving those networks the burden of having to air encores of sporting events or other paid sports programming which may draw lower audiences. In [[New Zealand]], breakfast programme [[The AM Show]] airs on television channel [[Three (TV channel)|Three]] and was simulcast on radio station [[Magic (New Zealand radio network)|Magic Talk]]; both networks were owned and operated by [[MediaWorks New Zealand]] until December 2020, when Three was sold to [[Discovery, Inc.]]<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/shows/the-am-show.html| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161224170522/http://www.newshub.co.nz/home/shows/the-am-show.html| url-status = dead| archive-date = December 24, 2016| title = The AM Show}}</ref> In 2022, the programme was rebranded as ''AM'' and ceased simulcasting on Magic Talk, becoming a TV-only format.

Following the acquisition of the assets of the [[professional wrestling]] promotion [[World Championship Wrestling]] (WCW) by the rival [[WWE|World Wrestling Federation]] (WWF), a segment simulcast between their two flagship programs—''[[WCW Monday Nitro]]'' on [[TNT (American TV network)|TNT]] (which was airing its series finale from [[Panama City, Florida|Panama City]]) and the WWF's ''[[WWE Raw|Raw]]'' on [[The National Network|TNN]] (from Cleveland)—on March 26, 2001, featured WWF owner [[Vince McMahon]] addressing the sale, only for his son [[Shane McMahon]] to reveal [[Kayfabe|in-universe]] that he had bought WCW instead, setting up an [[The Invasion (professional wrestling)|"Invasion" storyline]] to begin integrating WCW talent and championships into WWF.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Greenberg |first=Keith Elliot |title=An Oral History of the Last WCW Monday Nitro |language=en-US |work=Bleacher Report |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/1860685-an-oral-history-of-the-last-wcw-monday-nitro |access-date=2018-11-16}}</ref>

It is not uncommon for broadcasters to simulcast a particular program (such as a marquee event or special) across all of their networks as a "roadblock" in an effort to maximize [[Nielsen ratings|ratings]] by preventing self-cannibalizing [[Counterprogramming (television)|counterprogramming]]; for example, [[Paramount Global]] (and corporate predecessor [[Viacom (2005–2019)|Viacom]]) has simulcast [[Awards ceremony|award shows]] produced by its flagship properties across its cable channels, such as the [[MTV Video Music Awards]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Hipes |first=Patrick |date=August 26, 2019 |title=How to Watch MTV's VMAs Tonight on TV and Online |url=https://deadline.com/2019/08/vmas-2019-how-to-watch-online-performers-host-mtv-1202704152/ |access-date=August 26, 2019 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]] |publisher=[[Penske Media Corporation]] |language=en |location=United States}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Andreeva |first=Nellie |date=August 22, 2020 |title=MTV's 2020 Video Music Awards To Simulcast On the CW |url=https://deadline.com/2020/08/mtv-2020-vmas-video-music-awards-simulcast-the-cw-1203020370/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200822130503/https://deadline.com/2020/08/mtv-2020-vmas-video-music-awards-simulcast-the-cw-1203020370/ |archive-date=August 22, 2020 |access-date=August 24, 2020 |work=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kissell |first=Rick |date=2015-09-01 |title=Video Music Awards Viewership Plummets on MTV |url=https://variety.com/2015/music/news/video-music-awards-viewership-plummets-on-mtv-1201581910/ |access-date=2024-08-09 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}</ref> and [[Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Campione |first=Katie |date=2023-03-08 |title=Nickelodeon's Kids' Choice Awards Grows Audience By 40%, Ranks As Top Telecast Among Ages 2-14 |url=https://deadline.com/2023/03/2023-nickelodeons-kids-choice-awards-ratings-1235282177/ |access-date=2024-08-09 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Petski |first=Denise |date=2024-07-14 |title=Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards: 'Barbie' Named Favorite Movie; 'Percy Jackson & The Olympians', 'Young Sheldon', Taylor Swift, Travis Kelce, Olivia Rodrigo Among Winners |url=https://deadline.com/2024/07/nickelodeon-kids-choice-awards-2024-winners-list-taylor-swift-1236009527/ |access-date=2024-08-09 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}}</ref> Certain events—particularly major [[Telethon|charity appeals]] (such as [[Hope for Haiti Now]] and [[Stand Up to Cancer]])—may be jointly simulcast by a consortium of networks in order to ensure a wide audience. <ref name="tvtonight">{{cite web |last=Knox |first=David |date=January 22, 2010 |title=Airdate: Hope for Haiti Now |url=http://tvtonight.com.au/2010/01/airdate-hope-for-haiti-now.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141024162803/http://www.tvtonight.com.au/2010/01/airdate-hope-for-haiti-now.html |archive-date=October 24, 2014 |access-date=January 22, 2010 |publisher=tvtonight.com.au}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2010-09-10 |title=Friday, Sept. 10 TV highlights: 'Stand Up for Cancer' unites networks |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/09/09/AR2010090906499.html |access-date=2024-08-09 |newspaper=Washington Post |language=en-US |issn=0190-8286}}</ref>

===Simulcasting of sporting events===
In sports, such as American football and baseball, simulcasts are when a single announcer broadcasts [[Sports commentator|play-by-play]] coverage both over television and radio. The practice was common in the early years of television, but since the 1980s, most teams have used a separate team for television and for radio. In the [[National Hockey League]], two teams currently use a simulcast:
*The [[Buffalo Sabres]], with play-by-play announcer [[Rick Jeanneret]] or [[Dan Dunleavy]] and analyst [[Rob Ray]] via [[MSG Western New York]]
*The [[Dallas Stars]], with play-by-play announcer [[Josh Bogorad]] and analyst [[Daryl Reaugh]] via [[Bally Sports Southwest]]
[[Al McCoy (announcer)|Al McCoy]] ([[Phoenix Suns|Phoenix]]), [[Chick Hearn]] ([[Los Angeles Lakers|Los Angeles]]), [[Kevin Calabro]] ([[Seattle SuperSonics|Seattle]]) and [[Rod Hundley]] ([[Utah Jazz|Utah]]) were the last [[National Basketball Association]] team broadcasters to be simulcast. Until his retirement in 2016, the first three innings of [[Vin Scully]]'s commentary for [[Los Angeles Dodgers]] home and [[National League West|NL West]] road games were simulcast on radio and television, with the remainder of the game called by Scully exclusively for television viewers.<ref name="Vin Scully trims '12 travel schedule">{{cite news |last=Jackson |first=Tony |date=March 18, 2012 |title=Vin Scully trims '12 travel schedule |newspaper=ESPNLosAngeles.com |url=https://www.espn.com/los-angeles/mlb/story/_/id/7701588/vin-scully-legendary-los-angeles-dodgers-broadcaster-further-trims-12-travel-schedule |access-date=June 4, 2012}}</ref>  For the final game before his retirement, Scully's commentary was simulcast on the radio for the entirety of the game.<ref name="sbnation-lastgame">{{cite web |date=September 26, 2016 |title=Dodgers to simulcast Vin Scully's final broadcast on radio |url=http://www.truebluela.com/2016/9/26/13067928/vin-scully-final-broadcast-simulcast-radio-dodgers-giants |access-date=October 1, 2016 |website=[[SB Nation]]}}</ref> 

In the 2021 season, the [[Toronto Blue Jays]] broadcast the audio of the [[Sportsnet]] play-by-play with [[Dan Shulman]] (who has previously been a radio voice for MLB on [[ESPN Radio]]) and [[Buck Martinez]] over their radio network in what was stated to be a [[COVID-19 pandemic|COVID-19]]-related measure. Media outlets disputed the decision and felt it was actually a cost-cutting move by Blue Jays and Sportsnet owner [[Rogers Communications]], as the team had maintained dedicated radio broadcasts in 2020 with a remote crew.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021-05-14 |title=Despite criticism, Sportsnet VP calls Blue Jays' radio simulcasts "so far, so good" |url=https://awfulannouncing.com/mlb/sportsnet-vp-blue-jays-tv-on-the-radio-so-far-so-good.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515200323/https://awfulannouncing.com/mlb/sportsnet-vp-blue-jays-tv-on-the-radio-so-far-so-good.html |archive-date=2021-05-15 |access-date=2021-05-16 |website=Awful Announcing |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Chisholm |first1=Gregor |date=2021-02-26 |title=Sportsnet cuts Blue Jays radio broadcast for 2021, will simulcast TV coverage over airwaves |language=en |newspaper=The Toronto Star |url=https://www.thestar.com/sports/bluejays/2021/02/26/sportsnet-release-tv-schedule-for-blue-jays-spring-training-games.html |url-status=live |access-date=2021-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227002550/https://www.thestar.com/sports/bluejays/2021/02/26/sportsnet-release-tv-schedule-for-blue-jays-spring-training-games.html |archive-date=2021-02-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021-02-27 |title=Blue Jays become first MLB team without a dedicated radio feed |url=https://awfulannouncing.com/mlb/rogers-blue-jays-radio-simulcast-tv.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227005352/https://awfulannouncing.com/mlb/rogers-blue-jays-radio-simulcast-tv.html |archive-date=2021-02-27 |access-date=2021-02-27 |website=Awful Announcing |language=en-US}}</ref>

As all [[National Football League|NFL]] television broadcasts are done by the national networks or via cable, there are no regular TV-to-radio football simulcasts. In order to ensure that all of a particular team's games are available on free-to-air television in their home market, NFL rules require that games not aired by a broadcast television network (including cable networks and streaming platforms) be simulcast on a broadcast station in the main market of each participating team.

In [[greyhound racing]] and [[horse racing]], a simulcast is a broadcast of a greyhound or horse race which allows [[gambling|wagering]] at two or more sites; the simulcast often involves the transmission of wagering information to a central site, so that all bettors may bet in the same [[betting pool]], as well as the broadcast of the race, or bet from home as they watch on a network such as [[TVG Network]] or the [[Racetrack Television Network]].

The [[regional sports network]] [[MASN]] previously used simulcasts for MLB games [[Beltway Series|played between]] the [[Baltimore Orioles]] and [[Washington Nationals]]—regional [[Beltway Series|rivals]] who share the same market and broadcaster. MASN and MASN2 simulcast a single feed of the games with a commentary team featuring personalities from both teams, featuring [[Jim Hunter (sportscaster)|Jim Hunter]] and [[Bob Carpenter (sportscaster)|Bob Carpenter]] alternating play-by-play duties, and the teams' [[Color commentator|color commentators]]. This arrangement ended in 2014, with both channels now originating their own Orioles- and Nationals-specific telecasts as normal.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Steinberg |first=Dan |date=2014-02-27 |title=MASN announces end of split booths for Orioles-Nats games |language=en-US |newspaper=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/dc-sports-bog/wp/2014/02/27/masn-announces-end-of-split-booths-for-orioles-nats-games/ |access-date=2023-06-17 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref>

A more recent trend by sports broadcasts have been [[Altcast|alternate feeds]] offering different viewing options, including specialty camera angles, alternative commentary, or enhanced in-game statistics and analysis.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stewart |first=Larry |date=2006-09-06 |title=ESPN 'Full Circle' Doesn't Square With the Viewers |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-sep-06-sp-espn6-story.html |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="sbnation-megacast">{{cite web |date=December 19, 2013 |title=ESPN 'Megacast' to show BCS title game in 6 ways on 6 channels |url=https://www.sbnation.com/college-football/2013/12/19/5227022/bcs-national-championship-2014-espn-megacast |access-date=January 2, 2014 |work=SB Nation}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 8, 2021 |title=ESPN's CFP title game MegaCast will have a film room including Hugh Freeze, plus a new CFP Live feed with the NFL Live cast |url=https://awfulannouncing.com/espn/espn-cfp-megacast-title-game-film-room-cfp-live.html |access-date=January 8, 2021 |website=Awful Announcing |language=en-US}}</ref> In 2021, ESPN introduced a [[Manningcast|simulcast]] of selected ''[[Monday Night Football]]'' games featuring [[Eli Manning|Eli]] and [[Peyton Manning]], joined by celebrity guests; the success of these broadcasts prompted ESPN to extend the format to other sports, with the Mannings' production company [[Omaha Productions]] being involved in some of these broadcasts.<ref name="Salvador 2022">{{Cite magazine |last=Salvador |first=Joseph |date=September 13, 2022 |title=Watch: Eli Manning Lands Another Zinger on Brother Peyton During ManningCast |url=https://www.si.com/extra-mustard/2022/09/13/eli-manning-lands-another-zinger-on-brother-peyton-during-manningcast |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927003625/https://www.si.com/extra-mustard/2022/09/13/eli-manning-lands-another-zinger-on-brother-peyton-during-manningcast |archive-date=September 27, 2022 |access-date=September 27, 2022 |magazine=Sports Illustrated}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Steinberg |first=Brian |date=February 9, 2022 |title=ESPN Expands 'ManningCast' Deal With Peyton Manning's Omaha Productions |url=https://variety.com/2022/tv/news/espn-manningcast-peyton-manning-eli-manning-1235176297/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220324185539/https://variety.com/2022/tv/news/espn-manningcast-peyton-manning-eli-manning-1235176297/ |archive-date=March 24, 2022 |access-date=March 24, 2022 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== Distribution of channels ===
On [[cable television]] systems, analog-digital simulcasting (ADS) means that analog channels are duplicated as [[digital subchannel]]s. Digital tuners are programmed to use the digital subchannel instead of the analog. This allows for smaller, cheaper cable boxes by eliminating the analog tuner and some analog circuitry. On [[Digital video recorder|DVR]]s, it eliminates the need for an [[Moving Picture Experts Group|MPEG]] encoder to convert the analog signal to digital for recording. The primary advantage is the elimination of interference, and as analog channels are dropped, the ability to put 10 or more [[Standard-definition television|SDTV]] (or two [[High-definition television|HDTV]], or various other combinations) channels in its place. The primary drawback is the common problem of over-compression (quantity over quality) resulting in fuzzy pictures and [[pixelation]]. 

[[Multiplexing]]—also sometimes called "multicasting"—is something of a reversal of this situation, where multiple program streams are combined into a single broadcast. The two terms are sometimes confused.

In [[University|universities]] with multiple campuses, simulcasting may be used for a single teacher to teach class to students in two or more locations at the same time, using [[videoconferencing]] equipment.

In many public safety agencies, simulcast refers to the broadcasting of the same transmission on the same frequency from multiple towers either simultaneously, or offset by a fixed number of microseconds. This allows for a larger coverage area without the need for a large number of channels, resulting in increased [[spectral efficiency]]. This comes at the cost of overall poorer voice quality, as multiple sources increase [[multipath interference]] significantly, resulting in what is called simulcast distortion.

== See also ==
* [[Single Channel Simulcast]]
* [[Digital distribution]], [[Video on demand]] and [[Streaming media]]: In English language anime distribution, the word "simulcast" is often misused to refer to the online release of a Japanese animated television series during the same period as in Japan.<ref>{{cite web | url =http://flowtv.org/2010/07/niche-market-global-scale/ | title =Niche Market, Global Scale: Simulcasting Anime Online | access-date = 2013-02-19 | last =Landa | first =Amanda | date =2010-07-02 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url =http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art171369.asp | title =What Is Simulcasting? - Anime | access-date = 2013-02-19 | last =Aeschliman | first =Lesley}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist|35em}}

[[Category:Broadcast engineering]]
[[Category:Radio broadcasting]]
[[Category:Television terminology]]
[[Category:Simulcasts| ]]
[[Category:1940s neologisms]]