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{{short description|1993 film by Nora Ephron}} {{for-multi|the compilation album|Sleepless in Seattle: The Birth of Grunge|the Kyle XY episode|Sleepless in Seattle (Kyle XY)}} {{Use American English|date=October 2019}} {{Use mdy dates|date=January 2024}} {{Infobox film | name = Sleepless in Seattle | image = Sleepless in seattle.jpg | alt = | caption = Theatrical release poster | director = [[Nora Ephron]] | producer = Gary Foster | screenplay = {{Plainlist| * Nora Ephron * [[David S. Ward]] * Jeff Arch }} | story = Jeff Arch | starring = {{Plainlist|<!-- per billing block on poster --> * [[Tom Hanks]] * [[Meg Ryan]] * [[Bill Pullman]] * [[Ross Malinger]] * [[Rob Reiner]] }} | music = [[Marc Shaiman]] | cinematography = [[Sven Nykvist]] | editing = Robert Reitano | distributor = [[TriStar Pictures]] | released = {{Film date|1993|06|25|United States}} | runtime = 105 minutes<!-- Theatrical runtime: 104:56 --><ref>{{cite web | url= https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/sleepless-in-seattle-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0yota5ntq | title=''Sleepless in Seattle'' (PG) | work=[[British Board of Film Classification]] | date=June 17, 1993 | access-date=December 11, 2015 | archive-date=December 22, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222144745/http://bbfc.co.uk/releases/sleepless-seattle-film | url-status=live }}</ref> | country = United States | language = English | budget = $21 million<ref name="mojo">{{Cite Box Office Mojo|id=0108160|title=Sleepless in Seattle|access-date=October 22, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203065741/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt0108160/|archive-date=February 3, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> | gross = $227.9 million<ref name="mojo"/> }} '''''Sleepless in Seattle''''' is a 1993 American [[romantic comedy]] film directed by [[Nora Ephron]], from a screenplay she wrote with [[David S. Ward]] and Jeff Arch. Starring [[Tom Hanks]] and [[Meg Ryan]], the film follows a journalist (Ryan) who becomes enamored with a widowed architect (Hanks), when the latter's son calls in to a [[talk radio]] program requesting a new partner for his grieving father. In addition to [[Bill Pullman]], [[Ross Malinger]], and [[Rob Reiner]], the film also features [[Rosie O'Donnell]], [[Gaby Hoffmann]], [[Victor Garber]], [[Rita Wilson]], [[Barbara Garrick]], and [[Carey Lowell]]. Inspired by director [[Leo McCarey]]'s ''[[An Affair to Remember]]'' (1957), which itself was a same-script remake of McCarey's ''[[Love Affair (1939 film)|Love Affair]]'' (1939), ''Sleepless in Seattle'' was conceived as a [[Romantic Drama|romantic drama]] by Arch in 1989. Several studios rejected his script, deterred by the idea that its main couple does not meet for nearly the entire film. Ward and Ephron were among several writers hired to re-write the script into a funnier film, with Ephron eventually being promoted to director. Although both Hanks and Ryan had been favored for the lead roles from the beginning, several other actors expressed interest in both parts. The film was shot mostly in Seattle during the summer of 1992. Several of its most pivotal scenes were filmed on a former naval base due to the city's lack of sound stages, including a recreation of the Empire State Building's observation deck when the New York skyscraper was not available. ''Sleepless in Seattle'' was released on June 25, 1993, to positive reviews, receiving praise for Ephron's writing and direction, as well as Hanks and Ryan's performances. The film received 2 nominations at the [[66th Academy Awards]]: [[Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay|Best Original Screenplay]] and [[Academy Award for Best Original Song|Best Original Song]]. Despite competition from several blockbusters released around that same summer, the film was a surprise commercial success, earning $17 million during its opening weekend (the highest opening for a romantic comedy at the time), and ultimately grossing over $227.9 million worldwide. It was one of the [[1993 in film#Highest-grossing films|highest-grossing films of 1993]], and remains one of the most successful romantic comedies in box-office history. Its success extended to the [[home video]] market, and was the top rental of 1994 in the United States. The soundtrack was also successful, peaking at number one on the [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]]. Several critics and media publications agree that ''Sleepless in Seattle'' is one of the greatest romantic comedy films of all time. The film is also credited with establishing Ephron as a celebrated romantic comedy filmmaker. ==Plot== <!-- Per WP:FILMPLOT, plot summary should be between 400 to 700 words. --> Sam Baldwin, a recently-widowed [[Chicago]] architect, moves to [[Seattle]] with his eight-year-old son Jonah, to start a new life. A year later on [[Christmas Eve]], Jonah calls in to a nationally [[Broadcast syndication|syndicated]] radio talk show and persuades a reluctant Sam to go on the air to talk about how much he misses his wife, Maggie, and how he knew she was the one for him when he first took her hand. Thousands of women from around the country hear the program and, touched by the story, write to Sam. One listener is Annie Reed, a ''[[The Baltimore Sun|Baltimore Sun]]'' reporter. She is engaged to Walter, but feels something is missing from their relationship. After watching ''[[An Affair to Remember]]'', Annie writes Sam a letter suggesting they meet atop the [[Empire State Building]] on [[Valentine's Day]]. She decides against mailing it, but her friend and editor, Becky, mails it for her, and later agrees to send Annie to Seattle on a related story assignment after she has done some research on Sam via a detective agency. Sam begins dating a co-worker, Victoria, whom Jonah vehemently dislikes. When Jonah reads Annie's letter, he instinctively feels that she could 'be the one' but is unable to convince Sam to meet Annie in [[New York City|New York]] on [[Valentine's Day]]. Jonah's friend Jessica, whose mother is a travel agent, urges him to reply to Annie, agreeing to the New York meeting. While dropping Victoria off at the airport, Sam glimpses Annie exiting her plane and is mesmerized by her, though unaware of who she is. Later, Annie secretly watches Sam and Jonah playing on the beach together. The next day she goes to Sam's houseboat. From across the street she sees Sam's sister Suzy, and assumes she is his girlfriend. A passing vehicle nearly hits Annie and honks at her. Sam recognizes her from the airport and says, "hello." Annie also says "hello" before quickly leaving. After returning to Baltimore, Annie goes to New York to meet Walter for Valentine's Day, trying to convince herself the trip was a mistake. With Jessica's help, Jonah books a flight to New York and goes to the Empire State Building to find Annie on Valentine's Day. When Sam discovers him missing, he cancels his date, then gets Jessica to tell him where he is. Sam immediately follows, finding Jonah on the Empire observation deck. Meanwhile, Annie sees the skyscraper from where she and Walter are dining. She confesses her doubts to him, tells him the story of all that has happened since hearing the Christmas broadcast and they amicably end their engagement. Annie rushes to the Empire State Building and arrives on the observation deck just moments after Sam and Jonah have gone down in the elevator. Annie discovers Jonah's backpack. When Sam and Jonah return to retrieve it, Sam recognizes Annie again. After everyone introduces themselves, Annie takes Sam's hand and the three leave together, as Jonah smiles when the elevator doors close. ==Cast== {{Cast listing| * [[Tom Hanks]] as Sam Baldwin * [[Meg Ryan]] as Annie Reed * [[Bill Pullman]] as Walter Jackson * [[Ross Malinger]] as Jonah Baldwin * [[Rob Reiner]] as Jay Mathews * [[Rosie O'Donnell]] as Becky * [[Gaby Hoffmann]] as Jessica * [[Victor Garber]] as Greg * [[Rita Wilson]] as Suzy Baldwin * [[Barbara Garrick]] as Victoria * [[Carey Lowell]] as Maggie Baldwin * [[David Hyde Pierce]] as Dennis Reed * [[Dana Ivey]] as Claire * [[Brian McConnachie]] as Bob * [[Kevin O'Morrison]] as Cliff Reed * [[Michael Badalucco]] as New York Cab Driver * [[Caroline Aaron]] as Dr. Marcia Fieldstone * [[Frances Conroy]] as Irene Reed * [[Calvin Trillin]] as Uncle Milton * Le Clanché du Rand as Barbara Reed }} == Production == === Origins and development === In 1989, ''Sleepless in Seattle'' was conceived by Jeff Arch, a struggling writer and former cinematographer,<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":45">{{Cite news |last=Kempley |first=Rita |date=June 25, 1993 |title=Movies |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1993/06/25/movies/dc628e50-87a9-4a1b-9f70-8ede68fc682e/ |access-date=March 21, 2022}}</ref> whose work as a writer had experienced little to no success at the time .<ref name=":44">{{Cite news |last=Adams |first=Sean |date=November 30, 2018 |title='Sleepless in Seattle' screenwriter and Harrisburg native on the film's 25th anniversary screenings |work=[[The Patriot-News]] |url=https://www.pennlive.com/life-and-culture/erry-2018/11/71b2bd34041075/sleepless-in-seattle-screenwri.html |access-date=March 21, 2022 |id= |quote=But at the time I remember reading an article in the Washington Post about women who were hiring detectives to investigate the men they were dating. So [Meg Ryan's character Annie]'s friend Becky was going to hire a detective to check up on her boyfriend.}}</ref> ''Sleepless in Seattle'' was Arch's first script to be optioned as a film.<ref name=":39">{{Cite news |last=Perez |first=Lexy |date=January 23, 2021 |title='Attachments' Book Excerpt: 'Sleepless in Seattle' Screenwriter Pens Debut Novel (Exclusive) |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lifestyle/lifestyle-news/attachments-book-excerpt-sleepless-in-seattle-screenwriter-pens-debut-novel-exclusive-4119990/ |access-date=March 18, 2022}}</ref> The story began as a play about two people falling in love over the telephone without meeting in person.<ref name=":44" /> Arch decided that, unlike typical romance plots in which the main characters bicker for most of the film after they "[[meet cute]]", his couple would not meet until the end of the film,<ref name=":44" /> feeling unprecedented confidence that ''Sleepless in Seattle'' would be successful as long as he "got these people to the top of the [[Empire State Building]] on [[Valentine's Day]]".<ref name=":45" /> The writer drew inspiration from several sources, including the [[French film]] ''[[And Now My Love]]'' (1974), a seminar by motivational speaker [[Tony Robbins]],<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=Sleepless in Seattle (1993) |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/59663 |access-date=March 14, 2022 |website=[[AFI Catalog of Feature Films]] |id=Despite [[An Affair to Remember]] being a favorite of his mother's, Arch himself was not particularly fond of the film. |quote=[[Nora Ephron]] credited Jeff Arch with the motif of the 1957 film, An Affair to Remember}}</ref> and a ''[[The Washington Post|Washington Post]]'' article he had read about women hiring [[private investigator]]s to uncover information about their romantic partners.<ref name=":44" /> Arch faced criticism about the unlikelihood of the film being made due to the lack of scenes shared by its lead couple.<ref name=":44" /> He pitched the film to at least six studios and executives, all of whom rejected it for similar reasons.<ref name=":45" /> Desperate, Arch's agent Dave Warden submitted the [[spec script]] to producer Gary Foster in 1990.<ref name=":4">{{Cite news |last=Foster |first=Gary |date=June 25, 2018 |title='Sleepless In Seattle' Hits 25: Producer Gary Foster Narrates Evolution From Spec Script To Seminal Romantic Comedy |work=[[Deadline Hollywood]] |url=https://deadline.com/2018/06/sleepless-in-seattle-25th-anniversary-tom-hanks-meg-ryan-producer-gary-foster-1202416746/ |access-date=March 14, 2022}}</ref> Although Foster typically discards new scripts that fail to captivate him within its first 25 pages, he claims to have read past the 25th page of Arch's script unnoticed,<ref name=":4" /> only to find he was crying by the last page.<ref name=":3" /> Immediately noticing the script's potential, Foster submitted the script to [[TriStar Pictures]] executive Richard Fischoff, whose studio had produced all of his previous films.<ref name=":4" /> At first, Fischoff's staff screened the script and passed on it.<ref name=":4" /> After pleading from Foster, Fischoff eventually relented and read the script, optioning it to TriStar a few days later.<ref name=":4" /> Eventually TriStar chairman [[Mike Medavoy]] heavily promoted the film,<ref name=":45" /> and Foster began interviewing potential directors shortly after.<ref name=":4" /> [[Nick Castle]] had been slated to write and direct ''[[Hook (film)|Hook]]'' (1991), a big-budget adaptation of ''Peter Pan'' also for TriStar, but he was eventually removed from the film in favor of [[Steven Spielberg]].<ref name=":4" /> The studio reassigned Castle to ''Sleepless in Seattle'' as a consolation.<ref name=":4" /> [[Garry Marshall]] had also been considered to direct.<ref name=":7" /> While Foster retained sole producer credit, the film was co-executive produced by [[Lynda Obst]] and [[Patrick Crowley]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Foster |first=Gary S. |date=October 15, 1995 |title=Female Producers;Whose 'Sleepless'? |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/10/15/movies/l-female-producers-whose-sleepless-060739.html |access-date=March 31, 2022}}</ref> Foster struggled to get the film made over the following two years.<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":4" /> After finally agreeing to maintain the idea of keeping the couple separated, TriStar insisted that the "wistful" script be re-written to make the film and each character edgier and quirkier, particularly Sam and Annie.<ref name=":45" /> Foster found the script lacked the sophistication and complexity required to elevate an emotional, sentimental story beyond merely treacle.<ref name=":4" /> Foster reluctantly informed Arch they were interested in changing writers in order to "sharpen" his script.<ref name=":4" /> Although Arch submitted a re-write himself, he soon found he was essentially "kicked off my own movie", and replaced by a writer with whose work he was not pleased, such as relocating the entire film to New York without including the Empire State Building.<ref name=":45" /> Arch begged Foster and director [[Nick Castle]] to hire a better writer "who's going to take this way up to the next level".<ref name=":45" /> === Writing === [[File:Nora Ephron.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Originally hired to improve ''Sleepless in Seattle''<nowiki/>'s script, [[Nora Ephron]] was eventually promoted to director, replacing [[Nick Castle]]. ]] Several writers and directors were involved with ''Sleepless in Seattle'' at various stages of development,<ref name=":3" /> with Arch's script being re-written approximately five times.<ref name=":45" /> Arch's original concept was more akin to a [[Romantic Drama|romantic drama]] than a romantic comedy.<ref name=":34">{{Cite news |last=Siede |first=Caroline |date=June 22, 2018 |title=25 years ago, Sleepless In Seattle found the romantic hiding in the cynic |work=[[The A.V. Club]] |url=https://www.avclub.com/25-years-ago-sleepless-in-seattle-found-the-romantic-h-1826855118 |access-date=January 5, 2025}}</ref> Despite already featuring several of the film's major elements, such as a central father-son relationship and references to the romance film ''[[An Affair to Remember]]'' (1957),<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":7" /> Arch admitted his script was not funny enough.<ref name=":3" /> Dramatist [[Larry Atlas]] attempted some revisions, most of which were discarded.<ref name=":7" /> Foster interviewed at least 10 potential writers before hiring [[David S. Ward]] to re-write Arch's script.<ref name=":4" /> Among the most significant changes, Ward decided to have Jonah call the radio station on Sam's behalf.<ref name=":4" /> Insisting that no self-respecting man would deliberately call a radio show to share his emotional grievances,<ref name=":4" /> Ward suggested that Sam be coerced by Jonah into revealing how he feels about his late wife to several single women throughout the country, including Annie.<ref name=":3" /> Arch credits Ward with convincing the studio to not give up on the film, believing the latter's Academy Award for writing ''[[The Sting]]'' (1973) helped them take him seriously as a filmmaker.<ref name=":44" /> However, the studio constantly pushed for an edgier and quirkier film.<ref name=":45" /> Despite acknowledging Ward's work as "a big step forward for the script", Foster was not entirely satisfied with the revisions and forwarded them to writer [[Nora Ephron]], having been a fan of her work on ''[[When Harry Met Sally...]]'' (1989).<ref name=":3" /> Ephron had been Foster's first choice, hoping she could offer the script "a cynical layer to justify the organic sweetness", but she was unavailable when first approached to re-write.<ref name=":4" /> At least four writers attempted to rework ''Sleepless in Seattle'' before Ephron was recruited to "polish" the fifth and final draft.<ref name=":45" /><ref name=":9">{{Cite web |date=June 21, 2007 |title=Nora Ephron Interview |url=http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/page/eph0int-2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701023133/http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/page/eph0int-2 |archive-date=July 1, 2015 |access-date=March 15, 2022 |website=[[Academy of Achievement]]}}</ref><ref name=":58">{{Cite book |last=Ephron |first=Nora |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SZ8mCgAAQBAJ&dq=Delia+ephron+sleepless+in+seattle+interview&pg=PT35 |title=Nora Ephron: The Last Interview: and Other Conversations |publisher=[[Melville House Publishing]] |year=2015 |isbn=9781612195254 |location=United States |author-link=Nora Ephron |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> Ephron had been searching for [[script doctor]]ing jobs shortly after her directorial debut ''[[This Is My Life (1992 film)|This Is My Life]]'' (1992) proved unprofitable at the box office.<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite magazine |last=Frascella |first=Lawrence |date=July 8, 1993 |title=On the Front Lines With Nora Ephron |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-news/on-the-front-lines-with-nora-ephron-61704/ |access-date=March 14, 2022}}</ref><ref name=":63">{{Cite web |last=Looney |first=Deborah |title=Sleepless in Seattle |url=https://www.tcm.com/watchtcm/titles/18873 |access-date=March 22, 2022 |website=[[Turner Classic Movies|Watch TCM]] |id=Click the "more" sub-menu under the "ARTICLES" heading, for the entire article.}}</ref> Admitting that she never would have conceived the film herself,<ref name=":56" /> Ephron initially accepted ''Sleepless in Seattle'' as a fun, easy writing project from which she could quickly earn money.<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":59" /> Although she found Arch's version simple and unfunny, Ephron particularly liked his romantic ending involving the Empire State Building,<ref name=":9" /> and was interested in several ideas discussed in Ward's second draft,<ref name=":1" /> particularly how movies affect people's perception about romance.<ref name=":63" /> Ephron assured Foster that she could re-write the script within three weeks,<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=May 18, 2020 |title=AFI Movie Club: Sleepless in Seattle |url=https://www.afi.com/afi-movie-club-sleepless-in-seattle/ |access-date=March 14, 2022 |website=[[American Film Institute]]}}</ref> adapting it into a funnier version of itself without entirely making it a comedy.<ref name=":9" /> She specifically improved Annie and Jonah's roles.<ref name=":58" /> In an early draft, the character of Annie was in the midst of ending an unhappy relationship; Ephron wrote this out of the film because she found Annie's original backstory inconsequential in comparison to Sam's loss of his wife.<ref name=":22" /> Annie was also relocated from Lancaster, Pennsylvania, to Baltimore, Maryland, as the character had originally been conceived as a Lancaster-based reporter.<ref name=":59" /> Foster credits Ephron with contributing most of the film's dialogue, while de-emphasizing much of Arch's sentimentality.<ref name=":8">{{Cite news |last=Hartl |first=John |date=June 20, 1993 |title=Sleeping In Seattle |work=[[The Seattle Times]] |url=https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/?date=19930620&slug=1707282 |access-date=March 15, 2022 |quote=Early reviews have been encouraging.}}</ref> While crediting Ephron with providing her trademark wit and snark the studio felt the original script lacked, Arch does not think all of Ephron's ideas particularly elevated the film.<ref name=":44" /> Describing themselves as quite different as writers, Arch likened their working relationship to "a parent and a step-parent of the same kid".<ref name=":44" /> However, they shared a strong love for [[Classical Hollywood cinema|classic films]],<ref name=":44" /> with Ephron admitting she herself once considered ''An Affair to Remember'' to be "the greatest movie I'd ever seen".<ref name=":1" /> Ephron said the final film turned out funnier than she had imagined.<ref name=":56" /> Castle left the project over disagreements with Ephron's edgier, less sentimental script,<ref name=":8" /> accusing her of stripping the film of emotion.<ref name=":45" /> Ephron claims virtually everyone liked the final script she submitted, apart from Castle.<ref name=":58" /><ref name=":59">{{Cite news |last=Hunter |first=Stephen |author-link=Stephen Hunter |date=June 25, 1993 |title=Ephron balked at Pennsylvania, so . . . Baltimore! Long-distance love has 'em 'Sleepless' |work=[[The Baltimore Sun]] |url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1993-06-25-1993176137-story.html |access-date=March 30, 2022 |quote=Coming from print, I had overestimated the idea how important it was to say my lines. I saw how great it was when people brought their own presents to the party. The great thing for a director is to have an atmosphere where anyone can bring something. You end up with something better than your own script.}}</ref> Impressed by Ephron's swiftness and dedication, Foster invited her to direct.<ref name=":3" /> Although Ephron protested the film was not quite ready to be directed, feeling it warranted at least one more rewrite, she eventually accepted and recruited her sister [[Delia Ephron|Delia]] to help improve several scenes.<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":22" /> One such moment was the final scene in which Annie meets Sam and Jonah atop the Empire State building; Delia suggested that the father and son should be returning to the observation deck just as Annie is readying to leave, instead of having already exited the building.<ref name=":22" /> Despite serving as an associate producer alongside Arch,<ref name=":3" /> [[Delia Ephron|Delia]] remains uncredited for her script contributions,<ref name=":56">{{Cite news |last=Simon |first=Jeff |date=June 27, 1993 |title=Breakthrough: Ephron Laughs her Way into 'Sleepless' Romance |work=[[The Buffalo News]] |url=https://buffalonews.com/news/breakthrough-ephron-laughs-her-way-into-sleepless-romance/article_ddcfb867-8e7e-5504-9637-0aa329d43d6d.html |access-date=March 28, 2022}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=Cormier |first=Roger |date=June 27, 2015 |title=15 Heartfelt Facts About Sleepless in Seattle |url=https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/65469/15-heartfelt-facts-about-sleepless-seattle |access-date=March 14, 2022 |website=[[Mental Floss]]}}</ref> although a script dated March 10, 1992, is credited to Arch with re-writes by Nora and Delia Ephron.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Arch |first1=Jeff |last2=Ephron |first2=Nora |author-link2=Nora Ephron |last3=Ephron |first3=Delia |author-link3=Delia Ephron |date=March 10, 1992 |title=Sleepless in Seattle by Jeff Arch |url=https://www.scriptslug.com/assets/scripts/sleepless-in-seatlle-1993.pdf |access-date=March 31, 2022 |website=Script Slug}}</ref> Ephron considers ''Sleepless in Seattle'' a "secret present" to their late parents, who were also screenwriters, as well as classic Hollywood movies.<ref name=":56" /> As "a movie about love that was also about movies about love", Ephron aimed to direct a "timeless" film audiences could watch for several years, without it feeling like it was made in 1993.<ref name=":59" /> Ephron was also determined to give each character a "moment", such as when the minor mailman character has an inconsequential conversation about hiccups with Sam's son Jonah.<ref name=":2" /> At one point, the script mentioned that Sam and Annie had once both lived in Chicago at the same time, but this was edited out of the final film.<ref name=":6" /> ''Sleepless in Seattle'' became Ephron's second directorial effort.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Durling |first=Roger |title=Sleepless in Seattle |url=https://sbiff.org/sleepless-in-seattle/ |access-date=March 14, 2022 |website=[[Santa Barbara International Film Festival]]}}</ref> ''[[Premiere (magazine)|Premiere]]'' reported that, once Ephron became involved, the film "changed ... from a script that almost everyone had turned down into one that almost everyone wanted to be involved with".<ref name=":45" /> Although Arch did not necessarily agree that Ephron saved the film, he understood that "sometimes, you're not the star but that if you keep doing your job right, you will be the star", and maintains that several scenes ultimately remained almost exactly how he had envisioned them in his first draft, despite several re-writes.<ref name=":45" /> === Casting === Ephron promised Foster that her revised screenplay would be deserving of actors [[Tom Hanks]] and [[Meg Ryan]],<ref name=":2" />{{Efn|Tom Hanks and Meg Ryan were considered to be two of the most popular and successful actors of the 1990s.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Dirks |first1=Tim |title=The History of Film The 1990s |url=https://www.filmsite.org/90sintro.html |website=[[Filmsite]] |access-date=March 30, 2022}}</ref>|name=Hanks and Ryan popularity}} the latter being the actress Ephron had in mind for the character Annie.<ref name=":22">{{Cite news |last=Sledge |first=Philip |date=January 14, 2021 |title=Sleepless In Seattle: 11 Behind-The-Scenes Facts About The Tom Hanks And Meg Ryan Movie |work=[[CinemaBlend]] |url=https://www.cinemablend.com/news/2561270/sleepless-in-seattle-behind-the-scenes-facts-about-the-tom-hanks-and-meg-ryan-movie |access-date=March 15, 2022}}</ref> While Arch had also written the female role for Ryan due to her performance in ''When Harry Met Sally'', he had envisioned [[Kevin Costner]] in the role of Sam.<ref name=":44" /> A different pair of actors had originally been envisioned in the lead roles, but departed because they were deemed not funny enough for Ephron's material.<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":58" /> Several actresses pursued the role of Annie once they learned of Ephron's involvement, including [[Julia Roberts]],<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Singh |first=Rishi |date=October 12, 2008 |title=Pretty facts |work=[[The Himalayan Times]] |url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/entertainment/pretty-facts |access-date=March 18, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Willis |first=Jackie |date=August 11, 2014 |title=Julia Roberts Turned Down 'Sleepless In Seattle'! |work=[[Entertainment Tonight]] |url=https://www.etonline.com/movies/149634_julia_roberts_sleepless_in_seattle_instyle |access-date=March 14, 2022}}</ref>{{Efn|[[Meg Ryan]] had previously turned down the lead role of Vivian Ward in Gary Marshall's "Pretty Woman", which ultimately starred [[Julia Roberts]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Vollum |first1=Terry |title=The first choice is not always the best choice |url=https://www.trentonian.ca/opinion/columnists/the-first-choice-is-not-always-the-best-choice |access-date=March 18, 2022 |work=[[Trenton Trentonian]] |date=September 19, 2021}}</ref>|name=Meg Ryan "Pretty Woman"}} [[Kim Basinger]], [[Michelle Pfeiffer]],<ref name=":26" /> [[Sharon Stone]],<ref name=":8" /> [[Jodie Foster]],<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gibbs |first=Lynn |date=September 20, 2020 |title=10 Things Fans Didn't Know About Sleepless In Seattle |work=[[Screen Rant]] |url=https://screenrant.com/things-fans-didnt-know-about-sleepless-in-seattle/ |access-date=March 18, 2022}}</ref> [[Demi Moore]] and [[Madonna]],<ref name=":17" /><ref name=":37">{{Cite news |last=Tanabe |first=Karin |author-link=Karin Tanabe |date=August 21, 2017 |title=The most famous orgasm in romantic comedy history |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/books/the-most-famous-orgasm-in-romantic-comedy-history/2017/08/17/899f8e82-7c56-11e7-9d08-b79f191668ed_story.html |access-date=March 18, 2022}}</ref> but Ephron was determined to cast Ryan, having enjoyed working with her on ''When Harry Met Sally''...<ref name=":17" /> Ryan initially expected to star in the film with her then-husband [[Dennis Quaid]],<ref name=":3" /> who had been looking for a film to star in together.<ref name=":4" /> The couple had also been close friends with Medavoy at the time.<ref name=":4" /> However, Ephron felt Quaid was not funny enough to play Sam, a role she and the studio decided was more suitable for Hanks.<ref name=":17">{{Cite news |last=Fisher |first=Luchina |date=June 25, 2018 |title=How 'Sleepless in Seattle' and Nora Ephron changed romantic comedies 25 years ago |work=[[Good Morning America]] |url=https://www.goodmorningamerica.com/culture/story/sleepless-seattle-nora-ephron-changed-romantic-comedies-25-56092785 |access-date=March 15, 2022 |quote=the 1993 film was both a critical and commercial hit}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite news |last=Connelly |first=Sherryl |date=August 12, 2017 |title=How Nora Ephron 'Saved the Romantic Comedy' despite a cranky Tom Hanks and a difficult Meg Ryan |work=[[New York Daily News]] |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/nora-ephron-saved-romantic-comedy-cranky-tom-hanks-article-1.3406009 |access-date=March 14, 2022}}</ref> Having grown weary of playing goofy, immature characters by this point in his career,<ref name=":17" /> Hanks initially turned down the role because he was unhappy with its original script, but was drawn towards Ephron's revisions because he felt her version of Sam was more serious than previous roles he had played.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Catcher |first=Jess |date=February 28, 2017 |title='Sleepless In Seattle': 11 Surprising Facts About This Romantic Movie |url=https://littlethings.com/lifestyle/sleepless-in-seattle-facts/2868646-1 |access-date=March 14, 2022 |website=[[LittleThings]]}}</ref> Despite her interest in Hanks, Ephron was not entirely convinced the actor could play a romantic leading man in the vein of [[Cary Grant]] until she met him for the first time.<ref name=":17" /> Hanks and Ryan had previously starred as a couple in the film ''[[Joe Versus the Volcano]]'' (1990).<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":9" /> Despite being the film's romantic leads, the co-stars share only two scenes together,<ref name=":32">{{Cite news |last=Coates |first=Tyler |date=June 25, 2013 |title=The Underrated Brilliance of Nora Ephron's Meta-Romantic Comedy 'Sleepless in Seattle' |work=[[Flavorwire]] |url=https://www.flavorwire.com/400386/the-underrated-brilliance-of-nora-ephrons-meta-romantic-comedy-sleepless-in-seattle |access-date=March 17, 2022}}</ref> approximately two minutes of screen time.<ref name=":0" /> [[Bill Pullman]] originally assumed he would have a larger role in the film as Annie's fiancé Walter, since ''Sleepless in Seattle'' had been pitched to him as a [[love triangle]] similar to ''[[The Philadelphia Story (film)|The Philadelphia Story]]'' (1940),<ref name=":6" /> envisioning himself as the [[James Stewart]] character to Hanks's [[Cary Grant]] and Ryan's [[Katharine Hepburn]].<ref name=":47">{{Cite news |last=Natale |first=Richard |date=April 20, 1995 |title=Now He's the One Who Has the Edge : From 'Sleepless' to 'Sleeping,' Bill Pullman Wakes Up in a Lead Role |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-04-20-ca-56935-story.html |access-date=March 15, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200427134148/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-04-20-ca-56935-story.html |archive-date=April 27, 2020}}</ref> Nathan Watt was originally cast as Sam's son Jonah,<ref name=":5" /> but after working together for a few days, Hanks found the child actor to be disruptive on set while trying to film scenes he was not involved in.<ref name=":5" /> Watt was ultimately replaced with Ross Malinger,<ref name=":5" /> an actor Ephron remembered from earlier auditions,<ref name=":17" /> although Ephron did not like some aspects of his appearance.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Armitage |first=Hugh |date=August 21, 2017 |title=Tom Hanks admits he was an arse on the Sleepless in Seattle set |work=[[Digital Spy]] |url=https://www.digitalspy.com/movies/a836148/tom-hanks-sleepless-in-seattle-cranky/ |access-date=March 17, 2022}}</ref> [[Jason Schwartzman]] had also auditioned for the role.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hayes |first=Britt |date=November 30, 2013 |title=See the Cast of 'Sleepless in Seattle' Then and Now |url=https://screencrush.com/sleepless-in-seattle-then-and-now/ |access-date=March 15, 2022 |website=[[ScreenCrush]]}}</ref> Comedian [[Rosie O'Donnell]] was cast as Becky, Annie's best friend and coworker.<ref name=":26">{{Cite news |last=Jacobs |first=Matthew |title=Rosie O'Donnell Answers Every Question We Have About Sleepless in Seattle |work=[[Vulture (magazine)|Vulture]] |url=https://www.vulture.com/2021/08/rosie-odonnell-answers-every-sleepless-in-seattle-question.html |access-date=March 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210826160649/https://www.vulture.com/2021/08/rosie-odonnell-answers-every-sleepless-in-seattle-question.html |archive-date=August 26, 2021 |id=Although Sleepless in Seattle was the fourth highest-grossing film according to Vulture, sources vary in terms of the film's placement as one of the highest-grossing films of 1993. Outlets agree that the film finished within the top-10.}}</ref><ref name=":24">{{Cite news |last=Guerrasio |first=Jason |date=August 27, 2021 |title=Rosie O'Donnell said a 'Sleepless in Seattle' crew member taped her lines to his leg because she couldn't get the scene |work=[[Insider.com|Insider]] |url=https://www.insider.com/rosie-odonnell-sleepless-in-seattle-line-crew-help-2021-8 |access-date=March 15, 2022}}</ref> O'Donnell had made her film debut in ''[[A League of Their Own]]'' (1992) the previous year, appearing alongside both Hanks and Pullman.<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":25">{{Cite news |last=Boucher |first=Ashley |date=August 26, 2021 |title=Rosie O'Donnell Recalls Forgetting Lines in Front of Nora Ephron While Filming Sleepless in Seattle |work=[[People (magazine)|People]] |url=https://people.com/movies/rosie-odonnell-recalls-forgetting-lines-in-front-of-nora-ephron-while-filming-sleepless-in-seattle/ |access-date=March 16, 2022}}</ref> O'Donnell credits Ephron's son Jacob Bernstein with helping her secure the role, as he was a fan of her friend Madonna, with whom the comedian had also starred in ''A League of Their Own''.<ref name=":26" /> Inspired by [[Whoopi Goldberg|Whoopie Goldberg]]'s Academy Award-winning performance in ''[[Ghost (1990 film)|Ghost]]'' (1990), Ephron felt hiring a comedian in a funny supporting role would similarly benefit ''Sleepless in Seattle''.<ref name=":26" /> O'Donnell based her performance on singer and actress [[Bette Midler]],<ref>{{Cite news |last=White |first=Abbey |date=August 28, 2021 |title=Rosie O'Donnell on Getting More Roles as She Ages and the Bette Midler Connection to Her 'Sleepless in Seattle' Character |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/rosie-odonnell-aging-hollywood-bette-midler-sleepless-in-seattle-1235004669/ |access-date=April 1, 2022}}</ref> specifically emulating the way she walks and talks in order to convey "the funny, caustic best friend with a heart of gold" role she had wanted to play since deciding to become an actor.<ref name=":26" /> Eventually reduced from two-pages, the speech was the longest of O'Donnell's career at that point.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Moore |first=Sam |date=August 28, 2021 |title=Rosie O'Donnell reveals how she remembered her lines for Sleepless in Seattle |work=[[The Independent]] |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/rosie-o-donnell-remember-lines-b1910194.html |access-date=March 16, 2022}}</ref> She noted her experience was particularly different from ''A League of Their Own'', which had been largely improvisational compared to Ephron's organized directorial style.<ref name=":25" /> O'Donnell and Ephron lived in the same apartment building while filming ''Sleepless in Seattle'', which Ephron had obtained for her.<ref name=":26" /> Hanks' wife Rita Wilson originally auditioned for the role of Becky, but Ephron preferred her for the role of Sam's sister Suzy, which the director found particularly convenient because Wilson was already in Seattle with her husband.<ref name=":22" /> Ephron cast [[Rob Reiner]], who directed ''When Harry Met Sally''..., as Sam's friend in the film, with Reiner contributing to many of the film's laughs.<ref name=":44" /> According to some of the main cast, Ephron typically insisted that the actors recite their lines almost exactly as-written,<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":24" /> although Ephron herself said she was open to the cast improvising and re-writing dialogue they felt was unfunny.<ref name=":34" /><ref name=":59" /><ref name=":26" /> Hanks and [[Victor Garber]] improvised the scene in which their characters feign tears while recounting the film ''[[The Dirty Dozen]]'' (1967),<ref name=":3" /> mocking Suzy who has been brought to tears by summarizing the plot of ''An Affair to Remember''.<ref name=":0" /> Hanks and Ephron agreed that his character was underwritten.<ref name=":58" /> Ephron invited the actor to help rewrite his character, which ultimately resulted in "a grumpier, funnier Sam".<ref name=":17" /> Hanks did not truly commit to the role until he, Ephron and Delia reviewed his character scene by scene, ultimately improving his part.<ref name=":58" /> Hanks and Ephron sometimes disagreed over his character's actions, with Hanks accusing the director of making Sam too "wimpy" by writing him from a woman's perspective.<ref name=":17" /><ref name=":10" /> He also complained that better lines had been written for his character's son,<ref name=":17" /> and lobbied for Sam and Jonah's relationship to be more paternal than maternal.<ref name=":26" /> In the original screenplay, Sam decides not to spend a weekend away with his new girlfriend Victoria in fear of upsetting Jonah.<ref name=":10" /> Hanks found this unconvincing for a grown man, suggesting to Ephron that, despite his son's feelings, his character would most likely be absolutely determined to sleep with Victoria after having been single for several years by that point.<ref name=":6" /> Ephron re-wrote the scene so Sam only relents once he learns Jonah has taken a plane to New York.<ref name=":6" /> Hanks believes the film's drama ultimately benefited from being rooted in logic and "true, human behaviour".<ref name=":10" /> Arch explained that, despite some resistance from the actor, Hanks ultimately "rode that boundary, between being a man and having feelings he's able to express", which was rare for a male character during the 1990s.<ref name=":44" /> Ephron described Hanks as "manly in a part that requires him to be tender -and a lot of other things", calling him "one of the few actors around ... who can do tender and irritable and angry all at the same time".<ref name=":50">{{Cite magazine |last=Schwarzbaum |first=Lisa |author-link=Lisa Schwarzbaum |date=July 9, 1993 |title=The Nice Man Cometh |magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |url=https://ew.com/article/1993/07/09/nice-man-cometh/ |access-date=March 23, 2022}}</ref> She credits Hanks with teaching her that writers should always provide the main actor with something to play off of, so they are never passive or idle during a scene.<ref name=":58" /> Ephron had envisioned the role of Clarisse, Jonah's babysitter, as a [[Shelley Duvall]]-type role.<ref name=":8" /> They ultimately cast Amanda Maher in the role, a waitress they had discovered at the Gravity Bar in Seattle, citing her as a natural.<ref name=":8" /> Ephron herself voices "Disappointed In Denver", a depressed character who calls into the radio show Annie is listening to in the middle of the night.<ref name=":0" /> Actress [[Parker Posey]] was cast in a minor role that was ultimately cut from the film.<ref name=":0" /> The director wrote Posey an apologetic letter assuring her that the removal from the film was not her own fault.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Peele |first=Anna |date=July 27, 2012 |title=Louie: The Parker Posey Recap, Part Two |work=[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]] |url=https://www.esquire.com/entertainment/tv/reviews/a15092/louie-season-3-episode-5-11083134/ |access-date=March 15, 2022}}</ref> Ephron eventually cast her in a larger role in the romantic comedy ''[[You've Got Mail]]'' (1998), also starring Hanks and Ryan.<ref name=":0" /> Foster appears as an extra in the restaurant scene, during which Sam and Victoria attend their first date.<ref name=":16" /> Hanks accused Foster of being too loud during the scene.<ref name=":16" /> === Filming === Although Seattle had always been the film's main setting, the filmmakers only realized how significant the location was upon seeing it for themselves.<ref name=":8" /> Arch was inspired to have Sam live in a [[houseboat]] after watching a Seattle-based episode of ''[[This Old House]]'' that featured host [[Bob Vila]] visiting a similar home.<ref name=":44" /> Ephron initially believed that during the 1990s young Americans prioritized [[Work–life interface|their careers over their personal lives]].<ref name=":0" /> However, upon visiting Seattle, she discovered it as a city where "people have chosen lifestyle over work", and decided to set the film there.<ref name=":0" /> Ephron explained that this is one of the reasons why Sam moves to Seattle from the work-focused Chicago.<ref name=":1" /> Vancouver, British Columbia, which film studios typically use as an affordable Seattle stand-in, was briefly considered an option, but Foster ultimately found the Canadian city to be less diverse than Seattle, hardly distinguishable from other large cities and too Canadian-looking.<ref name=":8" /> Principal photography began in July 1992.<ref name=":7" /> Once she submitted the final draft in March 1992, Ephron described the film's filming schedule as almost instant, recalling that they were scouting locations in June and filming by August that same year.<ref name=":9" /> The film had a production budget of $25 million, with ''The Seattle Times'' reporting that the studio spent approximately $4 million on Seattle-based labor, hotels, meals and local vendors.<ref name=":8" /> Foster explained that they decided to primarily use resources local to save money on necessities such as crew, import labor and airfare.<ref name=":8" /> Specific Seattle landmarks featured in the film include the [[Pike Place Market]], the [[Sorrento Hotel]], [[Alki Beach Park|Alki Beach]], the [[Fremont Bridge (Seattle)|Fremont Bridge]], [[Seatac Airport|SeaTac Airport]], the [[Dahlia Lounge]], and several [[1st Avenue (Seattle)|1st Avenue]] shops.<ref name=":8" /> The filmmakers could not find a warehouse large enough to house one set; therefore, much of the film was shot on the [[Naval Station Puget Sound|Sand Point Naval Base]].<ref name=":8" /> Due to the lack of sound stages in Seattle at the time, the filmmakers sought to use the base as it was about to be shut down, but received little response from the federal bureaucracy until Ephron herself contacted Republican senator [[John Warner]], a former Secretary of the Navy.<ref name=":3" /> At times sets and parts of props were shipped between Seattle to Baltimore to ensure sets remained consistent,<ref name=":0" /> particularly a door that both Ryan's and Hanks' characters use in separate scenes.<ref name=":1" /> Ephron ensured the same door was used to demonstrate the connection between the characters,<ref name=":2" /> working with editor Robert M. Reitano to connect their stories via visual parallels, since otherwise the characters hardly share screen time.<ref name=":34" /> Because Seattle was experiencing a drought while filming, the filmmakers imported water trucks to simulate the rain scenes.<ref name=":2" /> The city was reportedly angry about what they perceived as a waste of water.<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":6" /> In addition to Seattle, scenes were shot in Chicago, Illinois; Baltimore, Maryland; and New York City.<ref name=":7" /> Ironically, Foster deemed a house located on Queen Anne Hill "Baltimore enough" to serve as the Baltimore-based home of Annie's parents.<ref name=":8" /> Ephron intended for the opening shot of the [[Chicago skyline]] at Maggie Baldwin's funeral to evoke artist [[Saul Steinberg]]'s 1976 ''[[The New Yorker]]'' cover ''[[View of the World from 9th Avenue]]''.<ref name=":6" /> A set designer reportedly found working with Ephron so difficult that they begged to be fired from the film.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Tanabe |first=Karin |author-link=Karin Tanabe |date=August 25, 2017 |title='I'll Have What She's Having' explores Ephron's rom-com trifecta |work=[[The Houston Chronicle]] |url=https://www.houstonchronicle.com/entertainment/books/article/I-ll-Have-What-She-s-Having-explores-Ephron-s-11959853.php |access-date=March 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828230839/https://www.houstonchronicle.com/entertainment/books/article/I-ll-Have-What-She-s-Having-explores-Ephron-s-11959853.php |archive-date=August 28, 2017}}</ref> The studio was initially denied permission to shoot some of the film's final scenes at the Empire State Building,<ref name=":2" /> whose management refused to close the observation deck to tourists to allow filming.<ref name=":5" /> Ephron strongly believed that "you are two phone-calls away from anyone".<ref name=":16" /> Ephron knew the publicist who was representing building owner [[Leona Helmsley]], who was in prison for [[tax evasion]] at the time.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news |last=King |first=Susan |date=June 25, 2018 |title='Sleepless in Seattle' at 25: Inside the Making of Nora Ephron, Tom Hanks and Meg Ryan's Classic Rom-Com |work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |url=https://variety.com/2018/film/news/sleepless-in-seattle-25th-anniversary-meg-ryan-tom-hanks-1202851688/ |access-date=March 14, 2022}}</ref><ref name=":5" /> After discussing the matter with her publicist who visited her in jail,<ref name=":16" /> Helmsley granted them permission to use the building for only six hours.<ref name=":2" /> This allowed them to film the helicopter shot, Annie's lobby scene, and Jonah searching the observation deck for Annie.<ref name=":3" /> The observatory of the Empire State Building on which Sam and Annie finally meet during the film's climax was actually a replica built in Hangar 27 of the Sand Point Naval Base, instead of New York City.<ref name=":8" /> The building was digitally lit for the film.<ref name=":44" /> Ryan was physically uncomfortable while running towards the Empire State Building in order to meet Sam because her shoes were ill-fitting.<ref name=":33">{{Cite news |last=Dawn |first=Randee |date=December 5, 2018 |title=Meg Ryan reveals why she loved working with Tom Hanks on 'Sleepless in Seattle' |work=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]] |url=https://www.today.com/popculture/meg-ryan-reveals-why-she-loved-working-tom-hanks-sleepless-t144279 |access-date=March 17, 2022}}</ref> The film's costumes were designed by Judy Ruskin, who designed most of Ryan's wardrobe.<ref name=":62">{{Cite news |last=Goodwin |first=Betty |date=June 25, 1993 |title=Simple Clothes, Complex Hairdos |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-06-25-vw-7107-story.html |access-date=April 1, 2022}}</ref> Ruskin was careful to dress Ryan in modest, loose-fitting clothes to demonstrate Annie's "pure heart", as per Ephron's direction.<ref name=":62" /> Ephron hired [[Sven Nykvist]] as the film's cinematographer, as she was instructed to recruit "the world's best cinematographer".<ref name=":59" /> According to Ephron, he was typically able to light scenes in as little as six minutes.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lee |first=Chris |date=September 21, 2006 |title=Sven Nykvist, 83; Cinematographer Won Oscars for Work With Bergman |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-sep-21-me-nykvist21-story.html |access-date=March 31, 2022}}</ref> Ephron and production designer Jeffrey Townsend deliberately limited the use of the color red during the first hour of ''Sleepless in Seattle''. The color appears more frequently after Sam and Annie first pass each other at the airport in Seattle, and a soccer team wearing red uniforms spills into the crowd between them.<ref name=":22" /> Red gradually becomes more common throughout the rest of the film, representing the "passion shared by the pair as they finally meet and fall in love".<ref name=":22" /> The filmmakers also avoided using blue, a color Ephron particularly dislikes.<ref name=":22" /> Arch was surprised to find that certain shots matched what he had envisioned when writing the film, including the use of shooting stars in the title sequence.<ref name=":44" /> == Music == {{Infobox album | name = Sleepless in Seattle: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack | type = soundtrack | artist = Various Artists | image = Sleepless In Seattle Original Motion Picture Soundtrack.jpg | cover = | alt = | released = June 15, 1993 | recorded = | venue = | studio = | genre = [[Pop music|Pop]] | length = 37:48 | label = [[Epic Soundtrax]] | producer = [[Marc Shaiman]] | prev_title = | prev_year = | next_title = | next_year = }} {{Music ratings | rev1 = ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' | rev1score = {{Rating|3|4}}<ref>{{cite news|first=Dennis|last=Hunt|title=In Brief|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=July 11, 1993|page=|accessdate=January 21, 2023|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-07-11-ca-11970-story.html}}</ref> | rev2 = ''[[Music Week]]'' | rev2score = {{Rating|3|4}}<ref>{{cite magazine|first=Alan|last=Jones|title=Market Preview: Mainstream – Albums|magazine=[[Music Week]]|date=September 11, 1993|page=15|accessdate=February 1, 2023|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Music-Week/1993/Music-Week-1993-09-11.pdf}}</ref> | rev3 = ''[[Philadelphia Inquirer]]'' | rev3score = {{Rating|3|4}}<ref>Wood, Sam (July 13, 1993). "Musical Mementos of the Movies". ''[[Philadelphia Inquirer]]''.</ref> }} The film was originally to have been scored by [[John Barry (composer)|John Barry]], but when given a list of twenty songs he had to put in the film, he quit.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.filmscoremonthly.com/features/barry.asp |title=John Barry: The Gstaad Memorandum |work=FilmScoreMonthly |date=November 1996 |access-date=November 18, 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061017192928/http://www.filmscoremonthly.com/features/barry.asp |archive-date=October 17, 2006 }}</ref> The film was ultimately scored by [[Marc Shaiman]]. [[Peter Guber]], head of Sony Studios, wanted to use Celine Dion and Clive Griffin's duet "[[When I Fall in Love (Celine Dion & Clive Griffin version)|When I Fall in Love]]" in the final scene, but Ephron insisted on using "Make Someone Happy" by [[Jimmy Durante]].<ref name=":17" /> Instead of seeking Guber's permission, Ephron decided to see how the test audience would react, to which they responded well.<ref name=":17" /> In addition to Dion, the soundtrack also included contributions by Nat King Cole, Carly Simon and Harry Connick Jr.<ref name=":17" /> # "[[As Time Goes By (song)|As Time Goes By]]" by [[Jimmy Durante]] – 2:28 # "[[A Kiss to Build a Dream On]]" by [[Louis Armstrong]] – 3:01 # "[[Stardust (1927 song)|Stardust]]" by [[Nat King Cole]] – 3:15 # "[[Makin' Whoopee]]" by [[Dr. John]] featuring [[Rickie Lee Jones]] – 4:09 # "[[In the Wee Small Hours of the Morning]]" by [[Carly Simon]] – 3:16 # "[[Back in the Saddle Again]]" by [[Gene Autry]] – 2:36 # "[[Bye Bye Blackbird]]" by [[Joe Cocker]] – 3:30 # "A Wink and a Smile" by [[Harry Connick, Jr.]] – 4:08 # "[[Stand by Your Man]]" by [[Tammy Wynette]] – 2:41 # "An Affair to Remember" by [[Marc Shaiman]] – 2:31 # "[[Do Re Mi (musical)#Make Someone Happy|Make Someone Happy]]" by [[Jimmy Durante]] – 1:52 # "[[When I Fall in Love]]" by [[Celine Dion]] and [[Clive Griffin]] – 4:21 ===Charts=== {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" |+ 1993–1994 weekly chart performance for ''Sleepless in Seattle'' ! scope="col"| Chart (1993–1994) ! scope="col"| Peak<br>position |- {{album chart|Australia|3|artist=Soundtrack|album=Sleepless in Seattle|rowheader=true|access-date=March 1, 2021}} |- {{album chart|Germany4|71|id=31010|artist=Soundtrack|album=Sleepless in Seattle|rowheader=true|access-date=March 1, 2021}} |- ! scope="row"| Icelandic Albums ([[Tónlist]])<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timarit.is/page/2619421#page/n1/mode/2up |title=Tónlist – Ísland (LP/CD) |newspaper=[[DV (newspaper)|DV]] |language=is |date=November 11, 1993 |page=20 |issn=1021-8254 |via=[[Timarit.is]]}}</ref> | 7 |- {{album chart|New Zealand|10|artist=Soundtrack|album=Sleepless in Seattle|rowheader=true|access-date=March 1, 2021}} |- {{album chart|UKComp|28|date=19940424|rowheader=true|access-date=March 1, 2021}} |- {{album chart|Billboard200|1|artist=Soundtrack|rowheader=true|access-date=March 1, 2021}} |} {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" |+ 2004 weekly chart performance for ''Sleepless in Seattle'' ! scope="col"| Chart (2004) ! scope="col"| Peak<br>position |- {{album chart|UKSoundtrack|38|date=20040404|rowheader=true|access-date=March 1, 2021}} |} {{col-2}} {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" |+ 1993 year-end chart performance for ''Sleepless in Seattle'' ! scope="col"| Chart (1993) ! scope="col"| Position |- ! scope="row"| Australian Albums (ARIA)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.aria.com.au/charts/1993/albums-chart |title=ARIA Top 100 Albums for 1993 |publisher=[[Australian Recording Industry Association]] |access-date=March 1, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080721010559/http://www.aria.com.au/pages/aria-charts-end-of-year-charts-top-50albums-1993.htm |archive-date=July 21, 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref> | 38 |- ! scope="row"| US ''Billboard'' 200<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/1993/top-billboard-200-albums |title=Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 1993 |magazine=Billboard |access-date=March 1, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113173054/https://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/1993/top-billboard-200-albums |archive-date=January 13, 2019}}</ref> | 18 |} {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" |+ 1994 year-end chart performance for ''Sleepless in Seattle'' ! scope="col"| Chart (1994) ! scope="col"| Position |- ! scope="row"| US ''Billboard'' 200<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/1994/top-billboard-200-albums |title=Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 1994 |magazine=Billboard |access-date=April 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180506060446/https://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/1994/top-billboard-200-albums |archive-date=May 6, 2018}}</ref> | 56 |} {{col-end}} ===Certifications=== {{Certification Table Top|caption=Certifications for ''Sleepless in Seattle''}} {{Certification Table Entry|type=album|relyear=1993|region=Australia|award=Platinum|artist=Various|title=Sleepless in Seattle (Soundtrack)|access-date=January 8, 2021|source=book|id=310|refname="Ryan"}} {{Certification Table Entry|type=album|relyear=1993|region=Canada|award=Platinum|artist=Various Artists|title=Sleepless in Seattle – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack|certyear=1993|access-date=December 10, 2022}} {{Certification Table Entry|type=album|relyear=1993|region=New Zealand|award=Gold|artist=Various|title=Sleepless in Seattle OST|id=1993-11-26|source=newchart|access-date=2024-11-20|certyear=1993}} {{Certification Table Entry|type=album|relyear=1993|region=United Kingdom|award=Gold|artist=Original Soundtrack|title=Sleepless in Seattle|certyear=2013|certmonth=7|id=11307-1140-2|access-date=December 10, 2022}} {{Certification Table Entry|type=album|relyear=1993|region=United States|award=Platinum|number=4|artist=Soundtrack|title=Sleepless in Seattle|certyear=1996|access-date=December 10, 2022}} {{Certification Table Bottom}} [[Dreams Come True (band)|Dreams Come True]]'s "Winter Song" is the theme song for the Japanese version, although the lyrics are in English.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1994-01-07 |title=WINTER SONG～めぐり逢えたらスペシャル・サウンドトラック |url=https://dreamscometrue.com/musics/14732 |access-date=2025-04-21 |website=DREAMS COME TRUE |language=ja}}</ref> == Themes == [[Luchina Fisher]] of [[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] summarized ''Sleepless in Seattle'' as "the story of a kid who plays matchmaker between his widower father and a woman having second thoughts about her fiancé".<ref name=":17" /> According to ''[[CinemaBlend]]''<nowiki/>'s Jerrica Tisdale, the film discusses themes about taking chances and destiny.<ref name=":23">{{Cite web |last=Tisdale |first=Jerrica |date=March 28, 2020 |title=The 17 Best Romantic Movies And Where To Stream Or Rent Them Online |url=https://www.cinemablend.com/news/2493276/the-17-best-romantic-movies-and-where-to-stream-or-rent-them-online |access-date=March 16, 2022 |website=[[CinemaBlend]]}}</ref> Hanks believes falling in love with someone's voice is a relatable catalyst, explaining that "We've all experienced something like that".<ref name=":10" /> Although generally associated with Valentine's Day due to its focus on romance, the film also features Christmas and New Year's Eve elements.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Tisdale |first=Jerrica |date=November 21, 2020 |title=6 Reasons Why Sleepless In Seattle Is A Perfect Christmas Movie |work=[[CinemaBlend]] |url=https://www.cinemablend.com/news/2558959/reasons-why-sleepless-in-seattle-is-a-perfect-christmas-movie |access-date=March 28, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Lloyd |first=Sarah Anne |date=February 14, 2019 |title=Seattle romantic comedies to watch for Valentine's Day |url=https://seattle.curbed.com/2019/2/14/18225384/seattle-based-romantic-comedy-movies |access-date=March 28, 2022 |website=[[Curbed]]}}</ref> ''[[The Baltimore Sun]]''<nowiki/>'s [[Stephen Hunter]] described the film as a "shameless [[romantic fantasy]]" and its heroine as "a sort of icon of nearly pure '50s innocence", with Ephron herself dressing Ryan's character to resemble a [[Breck girl]].<ref name=":59" /> With a [[Self-referential humor|self-aware]] tone considered to be unusual for the time of its release, ''Sleepless in Seattle'' [[Parody|parodies]] the romantic comedy genre, despite being a romantic comedy itself.<ref name=":27">{{Cite news |last=Chichizola |first=Corey |date=June 29, 2018 |title=How Sleepless In Seattle Brings You Back To The 1990s, According To Rosie O'Donnell |work=[[CinemaBlend]] |url=https://www.cinemablend.com/news/2442939/how-sleepless-in-seattle-brings-you-back-to-1990s-according-to-rosie-odonnell |access-date=March 17, 2022}}</ref> Calling the film "a throwback to the great romantic comedies of the '30s and '40s", [[Common Sense Media]] described ''Sleepless in Seattle'' as "a fairy tale that encourages viewers to believe that true love and destiny will conquer all obstacles"''.''<ref name=":61">{{Cite web |date=March 17, 2022 |title=Sleepless in Seattle |url=https://www.commonsensemedia.org/movie-reviews/sleepless-in-seattle |access-date=March 31, 2022 |website=[[Common Sense Media]] }}</ref> According to Tyler Coates of ''[[Flavorwire]]'', Ephron uses ''An Affair to Remember'' to challenge "the cinematic joys that predated her own films", observing that the 1957 film brings at least four female characters to tears throughout ''Sleepless in Seattle''.<ref name=":32" /> Ephron described ''An Affair to Remember'' as "a running character" throughout film,<ref name=":57">{{Cite news |date=June 1, 1993 |title='Outtakes' – A Look Inside Hollywood |work=[[Deseret News]] |url=https://www.deseret.com/1993/6/1/19049728/outtakes-a-look-inside-hollywood |access-date=March 30, 2022}}</ref> which Annie routinely refers to as guide about her own love life.<ref name=":35">{{Cite journal |last=Schreiber |first=Michele |date=June 1, 2006 |title="You Don't Want to Be in Love... You Want to Be in Love in a Movie": Romance and Postfeminism in Contemporary Film and Television |url=https://escholarship.org/uc/item/46v0c1m8#main |journal=CSW Update Newsletter |via=eScholarship.org}}</ref> Several scenes from ''An Affair to Remember'' are shown throughout the film,<ref name=":57" /> which Annie and Becky constantly watch despite questioning "what something so seemingly shallow and unrealistic could possibly offer them".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Radke |first=Heather |date=June 1, 2020 |title=What She Deserves |url=https://mubi.com/notebook/posts/what-she-deserves |access-date=April 1, 2022 |website=[[Mubi (streaming service)|Mubi]]}}</ref> When Annie finally meets Sam atop the Empire State Building, the theme from ''An Affair to Remember'' plays.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stiernberg |first=Bonnie |date=January 27, 2022 |title=The 17 Best Romantic Comedies on Amazon Prime |work=[[Paste (magazine)|Paste]] |url=https://www.pastemagazine.com/movies/amazon-prime/best-romantic-comedies-on-amazon-prime/#6-the-african-queen |access-date=March 18, 2022}}</ref> One of the film's major recurring themes is "love in the movies" and cinema's influence over how viewers perceive love,<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":33" /> which in turn affects their ideals, goals, and decisions; Annie attempts to recreate the feelings she has seen in films because she has yet to experience them herself.<ref name=":32" /> The film also strives to prove that "[[Art Imitates Life|art imitates life]]", as opposed to life imitating art.<ref name=":32" /> ''[[Vulture Magazine|Vulture]]''<nowiki/>'s Matthew Jacobs said the film "doubles as a comment on the way Hollywood romance has perpetuated fantasies of what love looks like", which the author said is best exemplified by O'Donnell's line "You don't want to be in love; you want to be in love in a movie".<ref name=":26" /> Several commentators have referenced this line analyzing the film's themes.<ref name=":29">{{Cite news |last=Weaver |first=Hilary |date=May 14, 2020 |title=The 20 Best Romantic Comedies Of All Time |work=[[Elle (magazine)|Elle]] |url=https://www.elle.com/culture/movies-tv/g32474146/best-romantic-comedies/ |access-date=March 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220317154907/https://www.elle.com/culture/movies-tv/g32474146/best-romantic-comedies/ |archive-date=March 17, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Knegt |first=Peter |date=June 27, 2012 |title=10 of the Best Lines From Nora Ephron's Movies |work=[[IndieWire]] |url=https://www.indiewire.com/2012/06/10-of-the-best-lines-from-nora-ephrons-movies-46308/ |access-date=March 18, 2022}}</ref><ref name=":35" /><ref name=":40" /> Film and media studies professor Michele Schreiber said the quote is "meant to elicit a sense of recognition among ''Sleepless in Seattle'''s audience because the text assumes that by nature of the fact that they are watching the film, its spectators must empathize with, if not share, Annie's desire to fall in love in a way that is completely removed from the mundane realities of everyday life" while "assum[ing] that the audience will find equally familiar Becky's pointed critique of Annie's misguided preoccupation".<ref name=":35" /> According to However, [[Decider (website)|Decider]]'s Meghan O'Keefe said the film lacks "any real ground-breaking commentary on the state of the human heart".<ref name=":31">{{Cite web |last=O'Keefe |first=Meghan |date=June 25, 2018 |title='Sleepless in Seattle' Has The Best Rom-Com Ending of All Time |url=https://decider.com/2018/06/25/sleepless-in-seattle-anniversary-final-scene/ |access-date=March 17, 2022 |website=[[Decider.com|Decider]]}}</ref> According to a review published by [[Encyclopedia.com]], ''Sleepless in Seattle'' "explores the differences between men and women when it comes to love and romance".<ref name=":18">{{Cite web |title=Sleepless In Seattle |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/culture-magazines/sleepless-seattle |access-date=March 15, 2022 |website=[[Encyclopedia.com]] |id=Actors billed as "stars" varies depending on the source, but [[Encyclopedia.com]] mentions Tom Hanks, Meg Ryan, Bill Pullman, Ross Malinger, Rosie O'Donnell, Gaby Hoffmann, Victor Garber, Rita Wilson, Barbara Garrick, Carey Lowell, Rob Reiner and Sarah Trigger}}</ref> However, Coates noted that, despite its [[Meta-humor|meta commentary]] about classic Hollywood romances and gender, the film "avoids any of the vulgarities and complications of recent submissions to the romantic comedy genre", while also at times deviating from gender stereotypes.<ref name=":32" /> The critic noted that while Annie initially dismisses the concepts of fate and [[Soulmate|soul mates]], trying to convince herself that her relationship with Walter is more practical than romantic,<ref name=":34" /> Sam openly likens his feelings for his late wife to magic, which ultimately prompts her "to embark on a philosophical journey of sorts to find out whether attraction is something otherworldly after all".<ref name=":32" /> ''[[The A.V. Club]]''<nowiki/>'s Caroline Siede wrote that the film "balances romance and realism by giving its central characters two different but equally pragmatic philosophies on love".<ref name=":34" /> While Annie believes "meant-to-be love" is only found in fairy tales, Sam argues that true love exists because he experienced it with his late wife, but believes it can not be experienced more than once in one's lifetime.<ref name=":34" /> Siede also said that, due to the focus on Sam and Jonah's relationship, at times the film more-so resembles a "father/son dramedy" occasionally intercut with a serviceable romantic comedy plot, elaborating that for most of the film "only Annie is an active rom-com player while Sam is just obliviously living his life", with much of Sam's comedy stemming from a man starting to date again during "the burgeoning era of [[third-wave feminism]]".<ref name=":34" /> Ephron believes ''Sleepless in Seattle'' more-so fits into the romantic comedy genre as opposed to the "women's movies" she pokes fun at in the film, explaining, "We aren't a classic weeper in any sense of the word – although some people cry when they see our movie".<ref name=":56" /> Rebecca Deczynski of ''Good Housekeeping'' said the film discusses both the positive and negative aspects of long distance relationships.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Deczynski |first1=Rebecca |last2=Schumer |first2=Lizz |date=February 7, 2022 |title=The 60 Best Romantic Comedy Movies of All Time Will Make Your Heart Flutter |work=[[Good Housekeeping]] |url=https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/life/entertainment/g3243/best-romantic-comedy-movies/?slide=12 |access-date=March 18, 2022}}</ref> Distinguished from other romantic comedies because its main couple is separated for most of the film,<ref name=":32" /> Ephron identified "the global village" as one of the film's main themes, explaining "we all live in one place ... and it's connected by airplanes, 800-number radio shows, the same jokes and statistics. By the time Tom and Meg are out on their respective piers sitting on their respective benches, you feel like it's a love scene even though they are 3000 miles apart".<ref name=":1" /> In an article written in 2018, Corey Chichizola of ''CinemaBlend'' observed that although the film's plot seemed plausible at the time of its release, "the majority of the film's events and problems could be solved instantly if there were smart phones around", determining that the introduction of various technology since ''Sleepless in Seattle'' has in term limited storytelling, with writers of future films being required to find logical ways to eliminate smart phones and dating apps in order for certain plots to be plausible.<ref name=":27" /> Nicole Sperling of ''Vanity Fair'' observed that Jessica's use of acronyms and Annie's "journalistic tenacity" pre-date [[instant messaging]] and [[Google Search|Google search]] by several years.<ref name=":43">{{Cite news |last=Sperling |first=Nicole |date=August 9, 2018 |title=The 25 Best Romantic Comedies of All Time |work=[[Vanity Fair (magazines)|Vanity Fair]] |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2018/08/best-romantic-comedies-list/amp |access-date=March 21, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103150636/https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2018/08/best-romantic-comedies-list/amp |archive-date=January 3, 2022}}</ref> Agreeing that ''Sleepless in Seattle'' "has become a journey into nostalgia" in the decades since the film's release, ''[[Elle (magazine)|Elle]]''<nowiki/>'s R. Eric Thomas said "there's something sweet and appealing about the relative simplicity—even simplicity in a film with a plot as complex as this one's. And who amongst us isn't rediscovering the telephone during this time, when even small distances seem yawning? Or the simple pleasure of a mailed letter? (Thank you to all the Post Office employees!) After a grueling three years during which the dark underbelly of nostalgia was used to prop up the worst aspects of this country's history and present, it's particularly heartening to be reminded that sometimes, the hallmarks of the past can continue to help us."<ref name=":42">{{Cite news |last=Eric Thomas |first=R. |date=March 20, 2020 |title=In Sleepless In Seattle, Nostalgia Is A Way Forward |work=[[Elle (magazine)|Elle]] |url=https://www.elle.com/culture/movies-tv/a31815549/sleepless-in-seattle-nostalgia/ |access-date=March 21, 2022}}</ref> O'Donnell theorized that although the film might be received as a story about [[catfishing]] in modern times, its setting and innocence harkens "back to a time where everything seemed a little bit simpler".<ref name=":27" /> ==Release== === Marketing and promotion === Although Foster and Ephron estimate that the studio spent at least $20 million marketing the film, TriStar senior vice president of publicity Ed Russell claims they spent significantly less, despite their admittedly competitive marketing campaign.<ref name=":46" /> ''Sleepless in Seattle'' was heavily advertised during [[Daytime television in the United States|daytime programming]] to target female viewers, who responded well to its posters and trailers.<ref name=":46" /> The film's official theatrical release poster, which depicts Hanks and Ryan gazing into the sky from opposite time zones, features the tag line "What if someone you never met, someone you never saw, someone you never knew was the only someone for you", which was inspired by a line spoken by Ryan's character in the film.<ref name=":47" /> Despite its female target audience, trailers and television spots were geared towards men by prominently featuring Hanks and Reiner.<ref name=":46" /> A trailer aired during the televised broadcast of President [[Bill Clinton]]'s [[First inauguration of Bill Clinton|inaugural ball]] in January 1993, five months before its release date,<ref name=":46" /> with Clinton's inaugural committee specifically asking TriStar to advertise during the gala.<ref name=":53">{{Cite news |last1=Weisskopf |first1=Michael |author-link=Michael Weisskopf |last2=Babcock |first2=Charles R. |date=January 25, 1993 |title=Special (and Local) Interests Rallied for Inaugural |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1993/01/25/special-and-local-interests-rallied-for-inaugural/aa293be6-3740-4f62-b35d-753f9e8b7af9/ |access-date=March 24, 2022}}</ref> TriStar paid approximately $250,000 for the 30-second commercial.<ref name=":53" /> Foster claims advertising during the inaugural ball implied that the studio was warning the film industry to "Watch out, we believe in this movie and we're not afraid to do anything. We're not afraid to spend money".<ref name=":46" /> He also maintains that the decision to advertise during the telecast was business-driven as opposed to political, explaining that the studio saw anticipated the gala's expected high ratings would promote ''Sleepless in Seattle'' to a significantly larger audience.<ref name=":53" /> The studio also discussed corporate tie-ins with companies such as greeting card companies, teleflorists and Tiffany & Co. for corporate tie-ins.<ref name=":54">{{Cite news |last=Frook |first=John Evan |date=January 18, 1993 |title=TriStar skeds 'Seattle' for June |work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |url=https://variety.com/1993/film/news/tristar-skeds-seattle-for-june-103083/ |access-date=March 25, 2022}}</ref> On Valentine's Day 1993, chocolate recreations of the Empire State Building were offered to 200 critics.<ref name=":48">{{Cite news |last=Tyre |first=Kathy |date=October 4, 1993 |title=How 'Sleepless' Became a 'Sleeper': Tri-Star Offering Prospered Amongst the Summer Behemoths |work=[[Adweek]] |url=https://www.adweek.com/brand-marketing/how-sleepless-became-sleeper-tri-star-offering-prospered-amongst-summer-behemoths-4/ |access-date=March 22, 2022}}</ref> Test screenings hosted in January were well-received and widely covered by several American magazines, including ''Premiere'', ''Redbook'', ''Allure'' and ''Movieline''.<ref name=":46" /> ''Variety'' reported that ''Sleepless in Seattle'' scored 94 out of 100 in at least one of its screenings, encouraging the studio to reschedule the film for a summer release.<ref name=":54" /> Senior vice president of publicity Ed Russell arranged several word of mouth screenings for the film, including a conference held for romance novel and magazine editors on May 16, 1993, in San Diego.<ref name=":46" /> A benefit premiere was hosted for ''Sleepless in Seattle'' at the Cinedome in Seattle in June 1993, with proceeds going towards the Pike Place Market Foundation.<ref name=":8" /> Originally planned to be released in April 1993, ''Sleepless in Seattle'' was rescheduled for summer 1993 because studio executives predicted it could be a popular summer hit, despite competing with several large-scale blockbusters and action-adventure films at the time,<ref name=":8" /> notably ''Jurassic Park'',''<ref name=":48" /> [[The Firm (1993 film)|The Firm]], [[Cliffhanger (film)|Cliffhanger]] and [[Last Action Hero]].''<ref name=":54" /> ''Sleepless in Seattle'' was considered to be one of the year's few "date movies", and was also branded "1993's ''When Harry Met Sally ...''".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Longsdorf |first=Amy |date=May 16, 1993 |title=A Long Hot Summer at the Movies if Biggies Hit Jackpot, All-time Record Could Fall |work=[[The Morning Call]] |url=https://www.mcall.com/news/mc-xpm-1993-05-16-2917677-story.html |access-date=March 18, 2022}}</ref> According to Kathy Tyre of ''[[Adweek]]'', TriStar crafted a marketing campaign that branded ''Sleepless in Seattle'' as the summer's "romantic alternative".<ref name=":48" /> Marketing executive Kathy Jones confirmed that the studio would spend significantly more money marketing the film due to its summer relocation but claims they wanted to avoid over-promoting "a lovely, romantic movie".<ref name=":54" /> Tri-Star theorized the romantic comedy would attract women who were not particularly interested in watching the year's action films,<ref name=":8" /> serving as "[[Counterprogramming (film distribution)|counter-programming]]" to the roster of more traditional summer blockbuster fare.<ref name=":46">{{Cite news |last=Pristin |first=Terry |date=July 2, 1993 |title=How 'Sleepless in Seattle' Slew 'em : Movies: TriStar's postponement of the romantic comedy's release is called key in making the film a surprise hit during an action-filled summer. |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-07-02-ca-9368-story.html |access-date=March 22, 2022}}</ref> Columbia, TriStar's sister studio, had used the same strategy for ''When Harry Met Sally''... four years prior.<ref name=":26" /> Rescheduling the film also removed direct competition such ''[[Indecent Proposal]]'' (1993), which was expected to have higher box office returns than ''Sleepless in Seattle''.<ref name=":46" /> However, releasing the film in June also proposed the risk of ''Sleepless in Seattle'' being overlooked by an estimated 60 films being released that summer, among them [[What's Love Got to Do with It (1993 film)|''What's Love Got to Do With It'']] and ''[[The Firm (1993 film)|The Firm]]''.<ref name=":46" /> Foster believes that had the film been released in April as originally planned, they would have already spent most of their marketing budget by the time the year's blockbusters were released, explaining that "This kind of counterprogramming in the summer seems to work",<ref name=":8" /> whereas Ephron felt releasing the film earlier would have forced them to remove the film from theatres in order to make way for the summer blockbuster films.<ref name=":46" /> Sneak previews were hosted in 750 theatres the Saturday before the film's release, which were filled to 80% capacity.<ref name=":46" /> In addition to much publicity, previews were consistently very well-received by audiences.<ref name=":59" /> The film was ultimately released to theatres on June 25, 1993 and was the first film to use the 1993 TriStar Pictures logo. === Box office === Despite initially being perceived as an underdog,<ref name=":46" /> the film was surprisingly successful at the box office, becoming "the surprise hit of the season" according to ''[[The Baltimore Sun]]''<nowiki/>'s Mike Littwin.<ref name=":38">{{Cite news |last=Littwin |first=Mike |date=July 19, 1993 |title=Of men and movies: Death, destruction and Sharon Stone |work=[[The Baltimore Sun]] |url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1993-07-19-1993200137-story.html |access-date=March 18, 2022}}</ref> The film was widely touted the [[sleeper hit]] of the summer.<ref name=":45" /> ''Sleepless in Seattle'' opened theatrically on June 25, 1993, coincidentally the same day as former ''Sleepless in Seattle'' director Nick Castle's ''[[Dennis the Menace (1993 film)|Dennis the Menace]].''<ref name=":59" /> It premiered in 1,579 venues, earning $17,253,733 in its opening weekend, ranking second in the North American box office behind the third weekend of ''[[Jurassic Park (film)|Jurassic Park]]''.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/weekend/chart/?yr=1993&wknd=26&p=.htm | title=Weekend Box Office Results for June 25–27, 1993 | work=[[Box Office Mojo]] | date=June 28, 1993 | access-date=December 11, 2015 | archive-date=January 5, 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105064540/http://www.boxofficemojo.com/weekend/chart/?yr=1993&wknd=26&p=.htm | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":50" /> ''Sleepless in Seattle'' had the most successful opening weekend for a romantic comedy at the time.<ref name=":26" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=June 23, 1997 |title='Batman' Flies to No. 1 Followed by 'Wedding' |work=[[Chicago Tribune]] |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1997-06-23-9706230058-story.html |access-date=March 24, 2022}}</ref> The ''Los Angeles Times'' reported that the opening weekend audience was 60% female and 40% 30 years and older.<ref name=":46" /> At the end of its run, the film grossed $126,808,165 in the United States and Canada, and $101,119,000 in other territories, for a worldwide total of $227,927,165.<ref name="mojo"/> According to ''[[HuffPost]]'', ''Sleepless in Seattle''<nowiki/>'s earnings established it as "the most successful traditional romantic comedy of all-time" at the time of its release.<ref name=":49">{{Cite news |date=June 25, 2013 |title='Sleepless In Seattle' Anniversary: Tom Hanks & Meg Ryan Classic Turns 20 |work=[[HuffPost]] |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/sleepless-in-seattle-anniversary_n_3496495 |access-date=March 23, 2022}}</ref> Ephron and Foster attribute the film's success to its release being postponed from March 26 to June 25.<ref name=":46" /> The film became one of the highest-grossing of 1993,<ref name=":26" /><ref name=":18" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Brownstein |first=Rich |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JJdDEAAAQBAJ&q=highest+grossing+films+of+1993+sleepless+in+Seattle&pg=PA117 |title=Holocaust Cinema Complete: A History and Analysis of 400 Films, with a Teaching Guide |publisher=[[McFarland & Company]] |year=2021 |isbn=9781476641928 |location=United States |pages=117}}</ref><ref name=":19">{{Cite news |last=Chaney |first=Jen |date=June 21, 2018 |title=Let's Reconsider Sleepless in Seattle From Walter's Perspective |work=[[Vulture (magazine)|Vulture]] |url=https://www.vulture.com/2018/06/lets-consider-sleepless-in-seattle-from-walters-viewpoint.html |access-date=March 16, 2022}}</ref> and remains the 13th highest-grossing romantic comedy in the United States.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gutoskey |first=Ellen |date=February 10, 2021 |title=The 25 Highest-Grossing Romantic Comedies of All Time |work=[[Mental Floss]] |url=https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/642203/highest-grossing-romantic-comedy-movies |access-date=March 18, 2022 |id=Ranked at number 13, Sleepless in Seattle (1993) earned $126,680,884 domestically.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=All Time Domestic Box Office for Romantic Comedy Movies |url=https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-records/domestic/all-movies/genres/romantic-comedy |access-date=March 18, 2022 |website=[[The Numbers (website)|The Numbers]]}}</ref> According to [[The Numbers (website)|The Numbers]], ''Sleepless in Seattle'' is the 21st highest-grossing romantic comedy of all-time.<ref>{{Cite web |title=All Time Worldwide Box Office for Romantic Comedy Movies |url=https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-records/worldwide/all-movies/genres/romantic-comedy |access-date=March 18, 2022 |website=[[The Numbers (website)|The Numbers]]}}</ref> In July 1993, ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' journalist Lawrence Frascella predicted that Ephron "is poised to become one of Hollywood's leading women directors" with the success of ''Sleepless in Seattle.''<ref name=":1" /> To commemorate the film's 25th anniversary, [[Fathom Events]] and Sony Pictures Entertainment re-released ''Sleepless in Seattle'' in approximately 400 theatres throughout the United States for two days,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Vivinetto |first=Gina |date=November 7, 2018 |title='Sleepless in Seattle' returns to theaters to celebrate its 25th anniversary |work=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]] |url=https://www.today.com/popculture/sleepless-seattle-returns-theaters-celebrate-25th-anniversary-t141551 |access-date=March 17, 2022}}</ref> on the December 2 and 5, 2018.<ref name=":20">{{Cite news |last=Milligan |first=Kaitlin |date=November 6, 2018 |title=Tom Hanks and Meg Ryan Reunite on the Big Screen for the 25th Anniversary Screening of Sleepless in Seattle |work=[[BroadwayWorld]] |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwtv/article/Tom-Hanks-and-Meg-Ryan-Reunite-on-the-Big-Screen-for-the-25th-Anniversary-Screening-of-SLEEPLESS-IN-SEATTLE-20181106 |access-date=March 16, 2022 |id=Tom Hanks and Meg Ryan have appeared in four films together: ''[[Joe Versus the Volcano]]'' in 1990, ''Sleepless in Seattle'' in 1993, ''[[You've Got Mail]]'' in 1998, and ''[[Ithaca (film)|Ithaca]]'', which Ryan directed, in 2015.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Kinane |first=Ruth |date=November 6, 2018 |title=Sleepless in Seattle to return to movie theaters for its 25th anniversary |magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |url=https://ew.com/movies/2018/11/06/sleepless-in-seattle-return-theaters-25th-anniversary/ |access-date=March 23, 2022}}</ref> Ryan and Foster filmed a new introduction exclusive to the re-issue.<ref>{{Cite news |date=November 6, 2018 |title=Tom Hanks and Meg Ryan Reunite on the Big Screen When the Romantic-Comedy Classic 'Sleepless in Seattle' Returns to Movie Theaters This December for its 25th Anniversary |work=[[PR Newswire]] |url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/tom-hanks-and-meg-ryan-reunite-on-the-big-screen-when-the-romantic-comedy-classic-sleepless-in-seattle-returns-to-movie-theaters-this-december-for-its-25th-anniversary-300744568.html |access-date=March 16, 2022}}</ref> The film continues to be aired regularly on various television stations.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gifford |first=Erin |date=2018 |title=Embrace '90s Nostalgia at These 'Sleepless in Seattle' Filming Locations |url=https://www.travelchannel.com/destinations/us/wa/seattle/articles/sleepless-in-seattle-filming-locations |access-date=March 18, 2022 |website=[[Travel Channel]]}}</ref> ===Home media=== The film was released on [[VHS]] on December 8, 1993 by [[Sony Pictures Home Entertainment|Columbia TriStar Home Video]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/fort-pierce-tribune-sleepless-in-seattle/159195772/ |title='Sleepless in Seattle' coming out on video |newspaper=Fort Pierce Tribune|page=57| date=December 3, 1993}}</ref> It proved very successful in the rental market, and ended up as the most rented movie of 1994 in the United States.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1994/12/29/Billboards-year-end-ranking-of-the-top-video-sales-and-rentals-between-Dec-4-1993-and-Nov-26-1994/2631788677200/|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=December 29, 1994|title=Billboard's year-end ranking of the top video sales and rentals between Dec. 4, 1993 and Nov. 26, 1994}}</ref> == Reception == === Critical response === ==== Contemporary ==== ''Sleepless in Seattle'' received positive reviews upon release.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":50" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Rea |first=Steven |date=June 6, 1993 |title=Dinosaur drama 'Jurassic Park' leads the thundering herd of big new summer releases |work=[[The Baltimore Sun]] |url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1993-06-06-1993157176-story.html |access-date=March 24, 2022 |quote=early buzz has it that test audiences and critics are enamored of the romantic comedy}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=12 Movies by Nora Ephron |url=https://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/11-movies-by-nora-ephron.htm |access-date=March 24, 2022 |website=[[HowStuffWorks]] |date=September 12, 2007 |quote=Sleepless was anything but a sleeper, bringing in more than $125 million at the box office and garnering positive reviews from critics}}</ref> Critics particularly praised Hanks and Ryan's performances and chemistry in the lead roles.<ref name=":51">{{Cite news |last=Van Voorhis |first=Justin |date=February 3, 2021 |title=10 Best Meg Ryan Rom-Coms Ranked, According To Rotten Tomatoes |work=[[Screen Rant]] |url=https://screenrant.com/best-meg-ryan-rom-com-ranked-rotten-tomatoes/ |access-date=March 23, 2022}}</ref> Audiences polled by [[CinemaScore]] gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale.<ref>{{Cite web|date=December 20, 2018|title=Cinemascore :: Movie Title Search|url=https://www.cinemascore.com/publicsearch/index/title/|access-date=July 28, 2020|publisher=[[CinemaScore]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181220122629/https://www.cinemascore.com/publicsearch/index/title/|archive-date=December 20, 2018}}</ref> ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' film critic [[Peter Travers]] lauded ''Sleepless in Seattle'' as "the hippest, frankest and funniest date movie around", praising the leads' performances and Ephron's writing for poking fun at classic romance films "without for a second denying their potency. In ''Sleepless'', she breaks your heart without making you feel like a jerk. As date movies go, that's the ultimate in compliments".<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Travers |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Travers |date=June 25, 1993 |title=Sleepless in Seattle |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-reviews/sleepless-in-seattle-120253/ |access-date=March 31, 2022}}</ref> [[Roger Ebert]] of the ''[[Chicago Sun-Times]]'' said the film was "as ephemeral as a talk show, as contrived as the late show, and yet so warm and gentle I smiled the whole way through." He added:{{blockquote|The actors are well-suited to this material. Tom Hanks keeps a certain detached edge to his character, which keeps him from being simply a [[fall guy]]. Meg Ryan, who is one of the most likable actresses around and has a certain ineffable Doris Day innocence, is able to convince us of the magical quality of her sudden love for a radio voice, without letting the device seem like the gimmick it assuredly is.<ref>{{cite web |last=Ebert |first=Roger |author-link=Roger Ebert |title=Sleepless in Seattle Movie Review (1993) |work=[[Chicago Sun-Times]] |date=June 25, 1993 |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/sleepless-in-seattle-1993 |access-date=October 13, 2015 |archive-date=October 17, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017112806/http://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/sleepless-in-seattle-1993 |url-status=live }}</ref>}} [[Vincent Canby]] of ''[[The New York Times]]'' called it "a feather-light romantic comedy" and wrote, "It's a stunt, but it's a stunt that works far more effectively than anybody in his right mind has reason to expect. Not since ''Love Story'' has there been a movie that so shrewdly and predictably manipulated the emotions for such entertaining effect."<ref>{{cite news |last=Canby |first=Vincent |author-link=Vincent Canby |title=Review/Film; When Sam Met Annie, Or When Two Meet Cute |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=June 25, 1993 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/06/25/movies/review-film-when-sam-met-annie-or-when-two-meet-cute.html |access-date=October 13, 2015 |archive-date=May 26, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150526093818/http://www.nytimes.com/1993/06/25/movies/review-film-when-sam-met-annie-or-when-two-meet-cute.html |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Gene Shalit]] on the ''[[Today (U.S. TV program)|Today Show]]'' called the film "One of the most beloved films of our time". In a mixed review, [[Owen Gleiberman]] of ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'' lauded Hanks performance for anchoring but found ''Sleepless in Seattle'' itself to be too contrived, writing, "it feels programmed to make you fall in love with it". Criticizing Ephron's reliance on clichés, Gleiberman said the director "mixes old ones from Hollywood with new ones from pop-psych therapy", describing the film as "a '50s tearjerker synthesized by microchip" which lacks the "delicately sexy sparkle" of its predecessors.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Gleiberman |first=Owen |author-link=Owen Gleiberman |date=July 26, 2007 |title=Sleepless in Seattle |magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |url=https://ew.com/article/2007/07/26/sleepless-seattle-2/ |access-date=March 30, 2022}}</ref> [[John Simon (critic)|John Simon]] of the ''[[National Review]]'' wrote that the "entire picture is a collection of nauseating quotations and references to ''An Affair to Remember'', both visual and verbal".<ref>{{cite book |title=John Simon on Film: Criticism 1982–2001|last1=Simon|first1=John |author-link=John Simon (critic) |publisher=Applause Books |year=2005 |page=381}}</ref> ''[[The Baltimore Sun]]''<nowiki/>'s Mike Littwin dismissed the film as a "chick flick" geared towards women with little pay off for male audiences, apart from "forc[ing] us to re-examine our values".<ref name=":38" /> ==== Retrospective ==== Retrospective reviews have remained mostly positive. Review aggregator [[Rotten Tomatoes]] reports that 75% out of 60 professional critics gave the film a positive review, with a rating average of 6.6/10. The consensus states, "''Sleepless in Seattle'' is a cute classic with a very light touch and real chemistry between the two leads – even when spending an entire movie apart."<ref>{{cite web |title=Sleepless in Seattle (1993) |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/sleepless_in_seattle/ |work=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] |access-date=October 1, 2021 |archive-date=April 11, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190411021742/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/sleepless_in_seattle |url-status=live }}</ref> According to the same website, ''Sleepless in Seattle'' is their 146th highest-rated romantic comedy of all-time (out of 200), warning readers that they might find the film's relatively low placement surprising considering its popularity.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 200 Best Romantic Comedies of All Time |url=https://editorial.rottentomatoes.com/guide/best-romantic-comedies-of-all-time/ |access-date=March 21, 2022 |website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]}}</ref> Rotten Tomatoes also ranked ''Sleepless in Seattle'' the 53rd best blockbuster of the 1990s decade.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Every '90s Blockbuster Movie Ranked |url=https://editorial.rottentomatoes.com/guide/every-90s-blockbuster-movie-ranked/ |access-date=March 22, 2022 |website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]}}</ref> On [[Metacritic]], the film has a 72 out of 100 rating, based on 17 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/sleepless-in-seattle | title=Sleepless in Seattle Reviews | work=[[Metacritic]] | access-date=December 11, 2015 | archive-date=January 5, 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105064540/http://www.metacritic.com/movie/sleepless-in-seattle | url-status=live }}</ref> Caroline Siede of ''[[The A.V. Club]]'' praised both the lead and supporting cast's performances; the father-son dynamic between Hanks and Malinger's characters during both comedic and heartfelt moments.<ref name=":34" /> Praising the performances of Hanks, Ryan, O'Donnell and Reiner, as well as the film's humor, ''[[The Guardian]]'' film critic [[Peter Bradshaw]] said Ephron "brought her terrific flair, wit and nous, although she propagates the terrifying fallacy that a widower makes a wonderful romantic catch".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bradshaw |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Bradshaw |date=February 13, 2014 |title=Sleepless in Seattle – review |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2014/feb/13/sleepless-in-seattle-review |access-date=March 21, 2022}}</ref> Virginia Florey of the ''[[Midland Daily News]]'' said the film "still do[es] a fantastic job of pulling you into their story and their search to find that one person to love".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Florey |first=Virginia |date=January 4, 2013 |title=Movie Review: Sleepless in Seattle |work=[[Midland Daily News]] |url=https://www.ourmidland.com/news/article/Movie-Review-Sleepless-in-Seattle-6943093.php |access-date=March 18, 2022}}</ref> While declaring that ''Sleepless in Seattle'' remains the best romantic comedy ever released, ''[[Body+Soul]]'' contributor Hannah-Rose Yee said despite being "the kind of movie that gives romantic comedies a bad name ... no film has come close to distilling what ''Sleepless in Seattle'' does about the ridiculous enterprise that is opening up your heart to someone else".<ref name=":40">{{Cite news |last=Yee |first=Hannah-Rose |date=September 24, 2018 |title=25 Years After Its Release, This Rom Com Is Still The Best Ever Made |work=[[Body+Soul]] |url=https://www.bodyandsoul.com.au/wellness/25-years-after-its-release-this-rom-com-is-still-the-best-ever-made/news-story/626f9fa72995fef1d99e1ad06aed1031?nk=0385302f3af64be909326c63c556971e-1737532194 |access-date=March 18, 2022}}</ref> However, she admitted that one's ability to enjoy the film depends "entirely on how on board you can get with a romance in which the two lead characters don't meet until the last five minutes".<ref name=":40" /> ''[[The Guardian]]''<nowiki/>'s Luke Walpole, who had avoided watching the film until 2020 in fear that it had aged poorly, ultimately found Ephron's screenplay to be a gorgeous "balance of melancholy and fizzing optimism", but criticized ''Sleepless in Seattle'''s "narrowly [[middle class]] and privileged" characters.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Walpole |first=Luke |date=May 21, 2020 |title=I've never seen … Sleepless in Seattle |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/may/21/ive-never-seen-sleepless-in-seattle |access-date=March 18, 2022}}</ref> [[Common Sense Media]] wrote that the film is successful in Ephron's hands, despite its "frustrating" structure at times.<ref name=":61" /> Siede noted that in recent years, Annie's actions in pursuit of Sam have been re-evaluated as what some critics perceive as stalker behavior,<ref name=":34" /> with Nicole Sperling of ''[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]'' feeling Annie's determination "verges into stalker territory".<ref name=":43" /> Siede defended the character, writing "Annie's 'romantic' stalking falls well within the purview of creepy real-world behavior we're somehow willing to forgive in a heightened rom-com context. And plenty of beloved rom-com leading men have pulled stunts just as creepy".<ref name=":34" /> R. Eric Thomas of ''Elle'' noted that "in terms of rom-com hijinks and poor decisions that turn out great, nothing beats [Annie's behavior] in ''Sleepless in Seattle''", but relented that the film remains "a jewel".<ref name=":42" /> Thomas also found Wilson's ''An Affair to Remember'' monologue to be deserving of an Academy Award, and one of the film's best scenes.<ref name=":42" /> Guy Lodge of ''The Guardian'' commended Ryan for helping "her character's wildly irrational whimsy ... make sympathetic sense".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lodge |first=Guy |date=November 18, 2021 |title=Meg Ryan films – ranked! |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2021/nov/18/meg-ryan-films-ranked |access-date=March 31, 2022}}</ref> Upon re-watching the film in 2016, ''[[Bustle (magazine)|Bustle]]''<nowiki/>'s S. Atkinson perceived Annie as "a woman who is pretty damn morally dubious with regards to her relationship to her fiancée", explaining that "I'd gone from completely doting on the two leads when watching it first time round as a kid to finding them the absolute worst watching again an adult".<ref name=":52" /> === Accolades === ''Sleepless in Seattle'' received two nominations at the [[66th Academy Awards]] (held in 1994). It lost the award for Best Original Screenplay to ''[[The Piano]]'', while the song "A Wink and a Smile" lost Best Original Song to "[[Streets of Philadelphia]]" (from ''[[Philadelphia (film)|Philadelphia]]'', another Tom Hanks film). The film was nominated for three [[Golden Globe Awards]]: [[Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy|Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy]] ([[Tom Hanks]]), [[Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Comedy or Musical|Best Actress – Motion Picture Comedy or Musical]] ([[Meg Ryan]]) and [[Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy|Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Berg |first=Alex |date=June 26, 2012 |title=Nora Ephron's Movie Hits: 'Sleepless in Seattle' & More (Video) |work=[[The Daily Beast]] |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/nora-ephrons-movie-hits-sleepless-in-seattle-and-more-video |access-date=March 22, 2022}}</ref> The film won four awards at different ceremonies. Ryan won the award for Funniest Actress in a Leading Role at the [[American Comedy Awards#American Comedy Award 8|American Comedy Awards]]. At the 1994 [[Young Artist Award]]s, Malinger won the award for Best Actor Under Ten in a Motion Picture and the film itself won Outstanding Family Motion Picture for Comedy.<ref name="yaa">{{Cite web|title =15th Annual Young Artist Awards |website=YoungArtistAwards.org |url = http://www.youngartistawards.org/pastnoms15.htm |access-date = January 15, 2016|archive-date = April 3, 2011|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110403132553/http://www.youngartistawards.org/pastnoms15.htm |url-status = dead}}</ref> The film's screenplay was also nominated for Writers Guild and BAFTA awards.<ref name=":39" /> {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="width: 99%;" ! scope="col" |Award ! scope="col" |Date of ceremony ! scope="col" |Category ! scope="col" |Recipient(s) ! scope="col" |Result |- ! rowspan="2" scope="row" |[[Academy Awards]] | rowspan="2" |[[66th Academy Awards|March 21, 1994]] | [[Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay|Best Original Screenplay]] | [[Nora Ephron]], [[David S. Ward]] and Jeff Arch | {{Nominated}} |- | [[Academy Award for Best Original Song|Best Original Song]] | "A Wink and a Smile" | {{Nominated}} |- ! rowspan="3" scope="row" | [[American Comedy Awards#American Comedy Award 8|American Comedy Awards]] | rowspan="3" |March 6, 1994 | Funniest Actress in a Motion Picture (Leading Role) | [[Meg Ryan]] | {{Won}} |- |Funniest Actor in a Motion Picture (Leading Role) |[[Tom Hanks]] |{{Nominated}} |- |Funniest Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture |[[Rosie O'Donnell]] |{{Nominated}} |- ! rowspan="2" scope="row" |[[British Academy Film Awards|BAFTA Film Awards]] | rowspan="2" |[[47th British Academy Film Awards|April 15, 1994]] | [[BAFTA Award for Best Original Music|Best Original Music]] | [[Marc Shaiman]] | {{Nominated}} |- | [[BAFTA Award for Best Screenplay|Best Screenplay]] | Nora Ephron, David S. Ward and Jeff Arch | {{Nominated}} |- ! scope="row"| [[Brit Awards]] |[[Brit Awards 1994|February 14, 1994]] |[[Brit Award for Soundtrack/Cast Recording|Soundtrack/Cast Recording]] |''Sleepless in Seattle'' |{{Nominated}} |- ! scope="row"| [[Casting Society of America]] |[[Casting Society of America#10th Artios Awards|October 20, 1994]] |Feature Film Casting — Comedy |[[Juliet Taylor]] |{{Won}} |- ! rowspan="3" scope="row" |[[Golden Globe Awards]] | rowspan="3" |[[51st Golden Globe Awards|January 22, 1994]] | [[Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy|Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy]] |''Sleepless in Seattle'' |{{Nominated}} |- | [[Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy|Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy]] | Tom Hanks | {{Nominated}} |- | [[Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Comedy or Musical|Best Actress – Motion Picture Comedy or Musical]] | rowspan="2" | Meg Ryan | {{Nominated}} |- ! rowspan="4" scope="row" | [[MTV Movie & TV Awards|MTV Movie Awards]] | rowspan="4" |[[1994 MTV Movie Awards|June 4, 1994]] | [[MTV Movie Award for Best Actor in a Movie|Best Female Performance]] | {{Nominated}} |- | [[MTV Movie Award for Best Breakthrough Performance|Best Breakthrough Performance]] | [[Ross Malinger]] | {{Nominated}} |- | [[MTV Movie Award for Best Musical Moment|Best Movie Song]] | "When I Fall in Love" ([[Celine Dion]] and [[Clive Griffin]]) | {{Nominated}} |- | [[MTV Movie Award for Best On-Screen Duo|Best On-Screen Duo]] | Tom Hanks & Meg Ryan | {{Nominated}} |- ! scope="row"| [[Writers Guild of America Awards]] |[[46th Writers Guild of America Awards|March 13, 1994]] |[[Writers Guild of America Award for Best Original Screenplay|Best Screenplay Written Directly for the Screenplay]] |Nora Ephron, David S. Ward and Jeff Arch |{{Nominated}} |- ! rowspan="2" scope="row" |[[Young Artist Award]]s<ref name="yaa" /> | rowspan="2" |[[15th Youth in Film Awards|February 5, 1994]] | Best Actor Under Ten in a Motion Picture | Ross Malinger | {{Won}} |- | Outstanding Family Motion Picture – Comedy |''Sleepless in Seattle'' | {{Won}} |} ==Musical adaptation== In 2009, development began on a musical version of ''Sleepless in Seattle''. David Shor was announced as the musical's producer, with a book being written by Jeff Arch, Shor's longtime partner and original story writer for the motion picture. [[Leslie Bricusse]] was initially attached to the project, but withdrew due to "creative differences with the show's producer and director".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/131079-Bricusse-Withdraws-from-Sleepless-in-Seattle-Creative-Team |date=July 14, 2009 |last=Gans |first=Andrew |title=Bricusse Withdraws from Sleepless in Seattle Creative Team |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131113180042/http://www.playbill.com/news/article/131079-Bricusse-Withdraws-from-Sleepless-in-Seattle-Creative-Team |archive-date=November 13, 2013 |website=Playbill}}</ref> Michelle Citrin, Michael Garin and Josh Nelson were announced to be working on the music and lyrics, with Shor discovering Citrin via YouTube.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://variety.com/2010/legit/news/david-shor-unveils-sleepless-team-1118016152/ |last=Cox |first=Gordon |date=March 5, 2010 |title=David Shor unveils 'Sleepless' team |website=Variety |access-date=February 21, 2024}}</ref> The musical was initially set to premier in 2010,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digitalspy.com/movies/news/a148692/sleepless-in-seattle-becomes-stage-musical.html |title='Sleepless In Seattle' becomes stage musical |date=March 5, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130606155030/http://www.digitalspy.com/movies/news/a148692/sleepless-in-seattle-becomes-stage-musical.html |archive-date=June 6, 2013 |website=Digital Spy |url-status=live}}</ref> with the premiere date later being moved to 2011 and June 2012.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/05/19/sleepless-in-seattle-musical-to-awaken-at-pasadena-playhouse/ |title='Sleepless in Seattle' Musical to Awaken at Pasadena Playhouse |last=Healy |first=Patrick |date=May 19, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610232650/http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/05/19/sleepless-in-seattle-musical-to-awaken-at-pasadena-playhouse/?partner=rss&emc=rss |archive-date=June 10, 2015 |work=The New York Times |url-status=live}}</ref> In February 2012, Shor announced that the musical would not premiere until the 2012–13 season and that the show would "undergo a top-to-bottom overhaul" and would have a new creative team.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/02/17/sleepless-in-seattle-musical-delayed/ |title='Sleepless in Seattle' Musical Delayed |last=Healy |first=Patrick |date=February 17, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120626063141/http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/02/17/sleepless-in-seattle-musical-delayed/ |archive-date=June 26, 2012 |work=The New York Times |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |agency=Associated Press |url=https://www.today.com/news/sleepless-seattle-musical-delayed-calif-wbna46434941 |title='Sleepless in Seattle' musical delayed in Calif. |work=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]] |date=February 17, 2012 |access-date=March 1, 2021 |archive-date=June 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628012923/https://www.today.com/news/sleepless-seattle-musical-delayed-calif-wbna46434941 |url-status=live }}</ref> With a new score by composer Ben Toth and lyricist Sam Forman, the musical version premiered at the [[Pasadena Playhouse]] in May 2013.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.playbill.com/article/world-premiere-of-sleepless-in-seattle-with-tim-martin-gleason-chandra-lee-schwartz-joe-west-begins-may-24-com-205763 |title=World Premiere of ''Sleepless in Seattle'', With Tim Martin Gleason, Chandra Lee Schwartz, Joe West, Begins May 24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602214047/http://www.playbill.com/article/world-premiere-of-sleepless-in-seattle-with-tim-martin-gleason-chandra-lee-schwartz-joe-west-begins-may-24-com-205763 |archive-date=June 2, 2016 |website=Playbill |url-status=live}}</ref> After being postponed for several years,<ref>{{cite web |title=Sleepless The Musical Postponed |work=Bestoftheatre.co.uk |date=February 1, 2017 |url=https://www.bestoftheatre.co.uk/blog/post/sleepless-postponed |access-date=February 18, 2020 |archive-date=February 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218144230/https://www.bestoftheatre.co.uk/blog/post/sleepless-postponed |url-status=live }}</ref> the musical was due to open in London's [[Fountain Studios|Troubadour Wembley Park Theatre]] on March 24, 2020, under the name ''Sleepless: A Musical Romance''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Hershberg|first=Marc|title='Sleepless in Seattle' Musical to Skip 'The City That Never Sleeps'|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/marchershberg/2019/04/07/sleepless-in-seattle-musical-to-skip-the-city-that-never-sleeps/|access-date=December 31, 2021|website=Forbes|date=April 7, 2019|language=en}}</ref> starring [[Jay McGuiness]], [[Kimberley Walsh]] and [[Daniel Casey]] as Sam, Annie and Walter respectively.<ref>{{cite web |last=Balfour-Oatts |first=Josephine |title=Sleepless: A Musical Romance Comes to The Troubadour Theatre Next Month |work=London Box Office |date=February 18, 2020 |url=https://www.londonboxoffice.co.uk/news/post/sleepless |access-date=February 18, 2020 |archive-date=February 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218144230/https://www.londonboxoffice.co.uk/news/post/sleepless |url-status=live }}</ref> But, delays due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] pushed the show back to August 25, 2020, for a run through September 27. The show required the audience to be [[Social distancing|socially distanced]] and used several other pandemic-era safety measures.<ref>{{Cite web|title=''Sleepless'' musical plans to begin performances with socially distanced audiences in August 2020|url=https://www.whatsonstage.com/london-theatre/news/sleepless-musical-to-begin-socially-distanced-perf_51852.html|access-date=June 27, 2020|website=WhatsOnStage|date=June 26, 2020 |archive-date=June 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629100510/https://www.whatsonstage.com/london-theatre/news/sleepless-musical-to-begin-socially-distanced-perf_51852.html|url-status=live}}</ref> == Legacy == Revered as a classic love story,<ref name=":60">{{Cite news |last=Weinberg |first=Lindsay |date=June 25, 2018 |title=The Cast of 'Sleepless in Seattle,' Then and Now |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/sleepless-seattle-cast-now-1092123/ |access-date=March 30, 2022}}</ref> reviewers deemed ''Sleepless in Seattle'' a classic almost immediately upon release, crowning it "the ultimate romantic comedy".<ref name=":51" /> ''Sleepless in Seattle'' is widely celebrated as one of the greatest romantic comedy films of all-time,<ref name=":23" /><ref name=":40" /> with several media publications ranking it among the best romantic comedies.{{efn|Attributed to multiple references:<ref name=":29" /><ref name=":43" /><ref name=":28">{{Cite web |last=Calfee |first=Joel |date=May 14, 2021 |title=All 14 Nora Ephron Movies Ranked from Worst to Best |url=https://www.purewow.com/entertainment/nora-ephron-movies-ranked |access-date=March 17, 2022 |website=[[PureWow]]}}</ref><ref name=":30">{{Cite news |date=February 1, 2022 |title=The 76 Best Romantic Comedies of All Time |work=[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]] |url=https://www.vogue.com/article/best-romantic-comedies-of-all-time |access-date=March 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220324061420/https://www.vogue.com/article/best-romantic-comedies-of-all-time |archive-date=March 24, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Pham |first=Jason |date=February 11, 2022 |title=The 26 Best Romantic Comedies to Watch if You Want to Know What Love Feels Like |work=[[StyleCaster]] |url=https://stylecaster.com/feature/best-romantic-comedies-1138727/ |access-date=March 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220211030702/https://stylecaster.com/feature/best-romantic-comedies-1138727/ |archive-date=February 11, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Alexander |first=Ella |date=March 20, 2020 |title=10 rom coms that are actually both funny and romantic |magazine=[[Harper's Bazaar]] |url=https://www.harpersbazaar.com/uk/culture/entertainment/g15841670/best-rom-coms-romantic-comedies/ |access-date=March 18, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210315230952/https://www.harpersbazaar.com/uk/culture/entertainment/g15841670/best-rom-coms-romantic-comedies/ |archive-date=March 15, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Moeslein |first=Anna |date=February 8, 2021 |title=105 Best Romantic Comedies of All Time |work=[[Glamour (magazine)|Glamour]] |url=https://www.glamour.com/gallery/best-romantic-comedies/amp |access-date=March 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220324015706/https://www.glamour.com/gallery/best-romantic-comedies/amp |archive-date=March 24, 2022}}</ref><ref name=":41">{{Cite news |last1=Entenmen |first1=Elizabeth |last2=Rodriguez |first2=Karla |date=February 14, 2022 |title=The Best Romantic Comedies of All Time |work=[[Complex (magazine)|Complex]] |url=https://www.complex.com/pop-culture/a/entenman/the-best-romantic-comedies-of-all-time |access-date=March 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180317073158/https://amp.www.complex.com/pop-culture/the-best-romantic-comedies-of-all-time/ |archive-date=March 17, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Clarke |first1=Cath |last2=de Semlyen |first2=Phil |last3=Kryza |first3=Andy |date=February 1, 2022 |title=The 50 best romcoms of all time |work=[[Time Out (magazine)|Time Out]] |url=https://www.timeout.com/film/the-50-best-romcoms-of-all-time |access-date=March 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220318204227/https://www.timeout.com/film/the-50-best-romcoms-of-all-time |archive-date=March 18, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Burgin |first1=Michael |last2=Sinacola |first2=Dom |last3=Glynn |first3=Amy |last4=Stiernberg |first4=Bonnie |date=February 3, 2022 |title=The 100 Best Romantic Comedies of All Time |work=[[Paste (magazine)|Paste]] |url=https://www.pastemagazine.com/movies/romantic-comedies/the-100-best-romantic-comedies-of-all-time/#50-sleepless-in-seattle |access-date=March 21, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220321151248/https://www.pastemagazine.com/movies/romantic-comedies/the-100-best-romantic-comedies-of-all-time/ |archive-date=March 21, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Scherer |first=Jenna |date=February 14, 2020 |title=50 Greatest Romantic Comedies of All Time |work=[[Rolling Stone Australia]] |url=https://au.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-lists/50-greatest-romantic-comedies-of-all-time-7552/four-weddings-and-a-funeral-1994-7581/ |access-date=March 24, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210723161248/https://au.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-lists/50-greatest-romantic-comedies-of-all-time-7552/four-weddings-and-a-funeral-1994-7581/ |archive-date=July 23, 2021}}</ref><ref name=":55">{{Cite web |last=O'Sullivan |first=Kelly |date=February 18, 2022 |title=Watch the Best Nora Ephron Movies of All Time |url=https://www.thepioneerwoman.com/news-entertainment/g39090277/nora-ephron-movies/ |website=[[Ree Drummond|The Pioneer Woman]] |quote=Beloved movies like ... Sleepless in Seattle can always be found on lists of the best romantic comedies of all time.}}</ref>}} S. Atkinson of ''[[Bustle (magazine)|Bustle]]'' declared it the decade's "definitive romantic comedy".<ref name=":52">{{Cite news |last=Atkinson |first=S. |date=September 28, 2016 |title='Sleepless In Seattle' Is So Different Years Later |work=[[Bustle (magazine)|Bustle]] |url=https://www.bustle.com/articles/185846-40-things-you-notice-rewatching-sleepless-in-seattle-as-an-adult |access-date=March 23, 2022}}</ref> Some critics consider it to be one of the best romance films.<ref name=":28" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Thompson |first=Rocco |date=April 17, 2020 |title=Nora Ephron's 10 Best Movies, Ranked |work=[[Screen Rant]] |url=https://screenrant.com/nora-ephrons-best-movies/ |access-date=March 17, 2022}}</ref><ref name=":36">{{Cite web |last=O'Sullivan |first=Kelly |date=December 17, 2021 |title=50 Best Romantic Movies of All Time That Will Make Your Heart Swell |url=https://www.thepioneerwoman.com/news-entertainment/g31995906/best-romantic-movies/?slide=11 |access-date=March 18, 2022 |website=[[Ree Drummond|The Pioneer Woman]]}}</ref> CinemaBlend's Corey Chichizola said few romantic comedies have remained "as iconic and beloved" as ''Sleepless in Seattle'', attributing its popularity to [[nostalgia]] and fans longing for a simpler time.<ref name=":27" /> Calling ''Sleepless in Seattle'' arguably "the last great American romantic comedy", ''[[Flavorwire]]''<nowiki/>'s Tyler Coates said the film also effectively remains "a subtle, serious employment of a genre usually dismissed as frivolous, lighthearted entertainment marketed solely to women" and "a serious contribution of artistic merit" to an otherwise saturated genre.<ref name=":32" /> Considered to be one of the all-time great romantic films by the [[American Film Institute]],<ref name=":20" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Short |first=Zita |date=November 2021 |title=Op-Ed: AFI's 100 Years…100 Passions – 'Sleepless in Seattle' (#45) |url=https://insessionfilm.com/op-ed-afis-100-years-100-passions-sleepless-in-seattle/ |access-date=March 31, 2022 |website=InSession Film}}</ref> the organization included ''Sleepless in Seattle'' on both its best [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Passions|romance]] and [[AFI's 10 Top 10|romantic comedy]] film lists, ranking it 45th and 10th respectively.<ref>{{cite web |title=AFI's 100 Years... 100 Passions |url= https://www.afi.com/afis-100-years-100-passions/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190602151702/http://afi.com/100Years/passions.aspx |archive-date=June 2, 2019 |access-date=February 21, 2024 |publisher=American Film Institute}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=AFI's 10 Top 10: Top 10 Romantic Comedy |url=http://www.afi.com/10top10/category.aspx?cat=2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303222429/http://www.afi.com/10top10/category.aspx?cat=2 |archive-date=March 3, 2016 |access-date=February 5, 2018 |publisher=[[American Film Institute]]}}</ref> Television presenter [[Francine Stock]] credits ''Sleepless in Seattle'' with changing the trajectory of romantic comedies.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last=Stock |first=Francine |author-link=Francine Stock |date=October 19, 2013 |title=Tom Hanks: A Life in Pictures |url=http://static.bafta.org/files/tom-hanks-life-in-pictures-interview-qa-2069.pdf |access-date=March 15, 2022 |website=[[BAFTA]] |pages=3–4}}</ref> In 2021, ''[[The Hollywood Reporter]]'' associate editor Lexy Perez declared that the film remains "a household name in the world of romantic comedies".<ref name=":39" /> ''Marie Claire'' named ''Sleepless in Seattle'' one of the 61 definitive films of the 1990s.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Roberts |first=Kayleigh |date=March 2022 |title=The 61 Best '90s Movies That Are Modern Classics |work=[[Marie Claire]] |url=https://www.marieclaire.com/culture/g22520389/best-90s-movies/ |access-date=April 1, 2022}}</ref> Ryan, who has not watched the film since 1993, believes it is unlikely that a film like ''Sleepless in Seattle'' would be successful again due to the main characters' lack of scenes together.<ref name=":16">{{Cite news |last=Pretsky |first=Holly |date=July 26, 2018 |title=Sleepless in Seattle Still Resonates 25 Years Later |work=[[Vineyard Gazette]] |url=https://vineyardgazette.com/news/2018/07/26/sleepless-seattle-still-resonates-25-years-later |access-date=March 15, 2022}}</ref> Foster theorized that the film continues to resonate with audiences due to its sense of magic, specifically the belief that "there's this timeless wish fulfillment that you're going to meet that person somewhere".<ref name=":16" /> According to Susan King of ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'', the Empire State Building scenes have "become an indelible scene in pop culture".<ref name=":3" /> Philip Sledge of ''Cinema Blend'' hailed the ending as one of the greatest in the romantic comedy genre,<ref name=":22" /> while Jessica Brajer of [[MovieWeb]] called it "one of the most emotional scenes in all of movie history".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Brajer |first=Jessica |date=December 21, 2021 |title=All of Nora Ephron's Movies Ranked |work=[[MovieWeb]] |url=https://movieweb.com/nora-ephron-movies-director-best/ |access-date=March 17, 2022}}</ref> Crowning ''Sleepless in Seattle'' "The Best Rom-Com Ending of All Time", [[Decider (website)|Decider]] contributor Meghan O'Keefe said the ending ultimately saves the film from being dismissed as simply "another inoffensive romantic comedy", writing that its lack of a kiss or wedding scene ultimately distinguished from similar films.<ref name=":31" /> O'Keefe concluded, "It's a gorgeous triumph of a moment that's defined by the simple offering of a hand".<ref name=":31" /> The ending has also been parodied and recreated several subsequent media, including an episode of ''[[The Mindy Project]]'' in 2014''.''<ref>{{Cite news |last=Perrone |first=Kristen |date=November 6, 2018 |title=Here's Where To See 'Sleepless In Seattle' In Theaters For Its 25th Anniversary |work=[[Elite Daily]] |url=https://www.elitedaily.com/p/heres-where-to-see-sleepless-in-seattle-in-theaters-for-its-25th-anniversary-13099360 |access-date=March 23, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Macke |first=Johnni |date=November 19, 2021 |title='Sleepless in Seattle' Cast: Where Are They Now? Tom Hanks, Meg Ryan, Ross Malinger and More |work=[[Us Weekly]] |url=https://www.usmagazine.com/entertainment/pictures/sleepless-in-seattle-cast-where-are-they-now/ |access-date=March 23, 2022}}</ref> The film is also credited with introducing younger generations to ''An Affair to Remember,'' by which ''Sleepless in Seattle'' was inspired.<ref name=":3" /> The film's success positively impacted its cast and crew, who went on to have successful entertainment careers.<ref name=":60" /> ''[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]'' credits Hanks' performance with making him America's favorite person,<ref name=":30" /> while Garth Pearce of the ''[[Daily Express]]'' said the film established Ryan as America's sweetheart.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pearce |first=Garth |date=February 4, 2017 |title=I Have Learned to Push the Right Buttons |work=[[Daily Express]] |url=https://www.pressreader.com/uk/daily-express/20170204/282003262158915 |access-date=March 18, 2022 |via=[[PressReader]]}}</ref> For ''Vanity Fair'', journalist [[Michael Shnayerson]] said ''Sleepless in Seattle'' "crowned [Ryan] as America's [[Screwball comedy|screwball]] darling", shortly after which she began earning at least $15 million per film.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Shnayerson |first=Michael |author-link=Michael Shnayerson |date=December 1999 |title=Madcap with a Twist |work=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]] |url=https://archive.vanityfair.com/article/1999/12/madcap-with-a-twist |access-date=March 25, 2022}}</ref> While ranking ''Sleepless in Seattle'' one of the best performances of Hanks' career, ''Rolling Stone''<nowiki/>'s David Fear credits the film with establishing the actor as a romantic comedy [[sex symbol]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Fear |first=David |date=May 8, 2020 |title=Every Tom Hanks Movie, Ranked Worst to Best |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-lists/every-tom-hanks-movie-ranked-worst-to-best-950436/sleepless-in-seattle-1993-2-950473/ |access-date=March 21, 2022}}</ref> Hanks, Ryan, and Ephron would reunite for one more film, the romantic comedy ''[[You've Got Mail]]'', in 1998.<ref name=":5" /> ''Sleepless in Seattle'' was the second of four on-screen collaborations between Hanks and Ryan,<ref name=":20" />{{Efn|[[Tom Hanks]] and [[Meg Ryan]] have starred in four films together: Joe Versus the Volcano in 1990, Sleepless in Seattle in 1993, You've Got Mail in 1998, and Ithaca (which Ryan also directed) in 2015.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Dawn |first1=Randee |title=Meg Ryan reveals why she loved working with Tom Hanks on 'Sleepless in Seattle' |url=https://www.today.com/popculture/meg-ryan-reveals-why-she-loved-working-tom-hanks-sleepless-t144279 |website=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]] |date=December 5, 2018 |access-date=March 17, 2022}}</ref>|name=Tom Hanks and Meg Ryan collaborations|group=lower-alpha}} with Kelly O'Sullivan of ''[[Ree Drummond|The Pioneer Woman]]'' crowning them both "the unofficial king and queen of rom-coms" and "the most iconic rom-com couple of all time".<ref name=":55" /><ref name=":36" /> According to ''[[Good Morning America]]'' contributor Luchina Fisher, ''Sleepless in Seattle'' is one of three Ephron films that "breathed new life into the" romantic comedy genre, alongside its predecessor ''When Harry Met Sally...'' and successor ''You've Got Mail''.<ref name=":17" /> Despite being her second directorial effort, ''Sleepless in Seattle''<nowiki/>'s success eclipsed that of her directorial debut, and ultimately established Ephron "as a major directorial force in the rom-com genre".<ref name=":34" /> In 2018, ''The A.V. Club''<nowiki/>'s Caroline Siede said the film remains her finest work as a director.<ref name=":34" /> On its 20-year anniversary, ''HuffPost'' wrote that the film continues to resonate due to "Ephron's sharp dialogue and the inherent goodness and charm projected by both Hanks and Ryan".<ref name=":49" /> According to [[Ariel Levy (writer)|Ariel Levy]] of ''[[The New Yorker]]'', ''Sleepless in Seattle'' established Ephron as a famous director.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Levy |first=Ariel |author-link=Ariel Levy (writer) |date=June 29, 2009 |title=Nora Knows What to Do |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2009/07/06/nora-knows-what-to-do |access-date=March 30, 2022}}</ref> In 2013, co-executive producer Lynda Obst released a book named after the film, ''Sleepless in Hollywood: Tales from the New Abnormal in the Movie Business'',<ref>{{Cite news |last=Thomson |first=David |date=July 6, 2013 |title=Sleepless in Hollywood: Tales from the New Abnormal in the Movie Business by Lynda Obst – review |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/jul/06/sleepless-hollywood-movie-business-review |access-date=March 31, 2022}}</ref> which explores the decline of romantic comedies during the 2010s.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lang |first=Brent |date=June 13, 2013 |title='Sleepless in Seattle' Producer Lynda Obst on Why Nobody Makes Romantic Comedies |work=[[TheWrap]] |url=https://www.thewrap.com/sleepless-seattle-producer-lynda-obst-why-nobody-makes-romantic-comedies-97061/ |access-date=March 31, 2022}}</ref> Obst remarked that ''Sleepless in Seattle''<nowiki/>'s nearly $300 million gross is hardly considered a "smash" as of 2014, explaining, "Studios aren't happy unless it makes close to a billion dollars".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Wappler |first=Margaret |date=June 3, 2014 |title=Lynda Obst: Hollywood has learned nothing from the success of "Bridesmaids" |work=[[Salon.com|Salon]] |url=https://www.salon.com/2014/06/03/lynda_obst_hollywood_has_learned_nothing_from_the_success_of_bridesmaids_partner/ |access-date=March 31, 2022}}</ref> ''Sleepless in Seattle'' is credited with introducing most Americans to [[tiramisu]], which had been a relatively obscure dessert before 1993.<ref name=":15">{{Cite news |date=November 2, 2021 |title=Sweet tiramisu loses its 'father' Ado Campeol |work=[[The Free Press Journal]] |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/world/sweet-tiramisu-loses-its-father-ado-campeol |access-date=March 15, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Delap |first=Josie |date=August 28, 2021 |title=The Revenue Mail.The bittersweet charms of tiramisu |language=French |work=[[Courrier International]] |url=https://www-courrierinternational-com.translate.goog/article/le-courrier-des-recettes-les-charmes-doux-amers-du-tiramisu?_x_tr_sl=fr&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=sc |access-date=March 15, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=November 1, 2021 |title=Ado Campeol, at whose restaurant tiramisu was invented, passes away at 93 |work=[[Daijiworld Media|Daijiworld]] |url=https://www.daijiworld.com/news/newsDisplay?newsID=888991 |access-date=March 18, 2022}}</ref> Rob Reiner's character Jay mentions "tiramisu" during a conversation with Sam about dating, which Sam mistakes a euphemism for a sexual act.<ref name=":11" /><ref name=":13">{{Cite news |last=Massov |first=Olga |date=September 16, 2020 |title=Let's bring back tiramisu, a classic dessert that deserves more love |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/voraciously/wp/2020/09/16/lets-bring-back-tiramisu-a-classic-dessert-that-deserves-more-love/ |access-date=March 15, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Bell |first=Brenda |date=March 7, 1999 |title=A Renaissance Dessert Reborn |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-mar-07-tm-14666-story.html |access-date=March 15, 2022}}</ref> Jay does not clarify that tiramisu is actually an Italian dessert.<ref name=":6" /> The conversation caused much interest in the dessert throughout America.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Segan |first=Francine |date=November 3, 2020 |title=Tiramisù, All You Need to Know About the Iconic Italian Dessert |work=[[La Cucina Italiana]] |url=https://www.lacucinaitaliana.com/italian-food/italian-dishes/tiramisu-all-you-need-to-know-about-the-iconic-italian-dessert?refresh_ce= |access-date=March 18, 2022}}</ref> According to Josie Delap of ''[[The Economist]],'' few Americans had been familiar with the dessert before ''Sleepless in Seattle'', despite America's high Italian population at the time.<ref name=":14">{{Cite news |last=Delap |first=Josie |date=September 9, 2019 |title=The bittersweet charms of tiramisu |newspaper=[[The Economist]] |url=https://www.economist.com/1843/2019/09/09/the-bittersweet-charms-of-tiramisu |access-date=March 15, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128120851/https://www.economist.com/1843/2019/09/09/the-bittersweet-charms-of-tiramisu |archive-date=November 28, 2020}}</ref> After the film's release, several viewers resorted to calling the studio directly to find out what tiramisu is,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lehndorff |first=John |date=July 13, 1993 |title=Tiramisu emerges as titillating sin in 'Sleepless in Seattle' |work=[[The Baltimore Sun]] |url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1993-07-13-1993194121-story.html |access-date=March 15, 2022}}</ref> with TriStar executive [[Susan Levin]] reporting they were receiving 20–30 phone calls per day about the subject by the first Monday after the film's release.<ref name=":12">{{Cite news |last=Cress |first=Doug |date=August 17, 1993 |title=Movie has tiramisu sweeping the nation |work=[[Moscow-Pullman Daily News]] |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2026&dat=19930817&id=ag0kAAAAIBAJ&sjid=_tAFAAAAIBAJ&pg=3721,4226296&hl=en |access-date=March 15, 2022}}</ref> Levin claims several callers were either disappointed or refused to believe them when they explained that tiramisu is simply a dessert,<ref name=":12" /> although some were relieved by the revelation.<ref name=":14" /> Some restaurants and bakeries also reported an increase in tiramisu purchases and orders after the film.<ref name=":12" /> Tom Stockley of ''The Seattle Times'' observed that, by October 1993, "Virtually every Italian restaurant in the Seattle area features [tiramisu], as do several non-Italian eateries. It may be Seattle's hottest dessert, just as it is elsewhere in the country".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stockley |first=Tom |date=October 24, 1993 |title=Tiramisu – It Is Creamy, Soothing, Delicious And Called The Italian Comfort Food |work=[[The Seattle Times]] |url=https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/?date=19931024&slug=1727633 |access-date=March 15, 2022}}</ref> According to cookbook author [[Dorie Greenspan]], ''Sleepless in Seattle'' turned tiramisu from simply an Italian dessert into a phenomenon almost overnight,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Greenspan |first=Dorie |author-link=Dorie Greenspan |date=June 14, 2016 |title=The way to make a tiramisu even more unforgettable |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/food/the-way-to-make-a-tiramisu-even-more-unforgettable/2016/06/13/f252967a-2be6-11e6-9b37-42985f6a265c_story.html |access-date=March 15, 2022}}</ref> reporting that "Minutes after the movie opened, every morning TV show had some cook making tiramisu",<ref>{{Cite news |last=Greenspan |first=Dorie |author-link=Dorie Greenspan |date=June 21, 2016 |title=Don't lose sleep over this version of tiramisu |work=[[The Charlotte Observer]] |url=https://www.charlotteobserver.com/living/food-drink/article85022657.html |access-date=March 15, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215061920/https://www.charlotteobserver.com/living/food-drink/article85022657.html |archive-date=December 15, 2018}}</ref> while ''[[The Free Press Journal]]'' said the film resulted in global fame for the desert.<ref name=":15" /> Olga Massov of ''[[The Washington Post]]'' said some tiramisu began to suffer in quality due to their popularity, reporting that several restaurants began taking shortcuts in order to keep up with the demand.<ref name=":13" /> In a 2014 interview with [[RogerEbert.com]], Reiner dismissed tiramisu as overrated, insisting that he would never order it for himself.<ref name=":11">{{Cite web |last=Wloszczyna |first=Susan |date=July 22, 2014 |title=Interview: Rob Reiner Teams Michael Douglas and Diane Keaton in "And So It Goes" |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/interviews/interview-rob-reiner-teams-michael-douglas-and-diane-keaton-in-and-so-it-goes |access-date=March 15, 2022 |website=[[RogerEbert.com]]}}</ref> ==Notes== {{Notelist}} ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== {{wikiquote}} * {{IMDb title|0108160|Sleepless in Seattle}} * {{TCMDb title|18873|Sleepless in Seattle}} * {{Mojo title|sleeplessinseattle|Sleepless in Seattle}} * {{Rotten Tomatoes|sleepless_in_seattle|Sleepless in Seattle}} * {{Metacritic film|title=Sleepless in Seattle}} {{Nora Ephron}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sleepless In Seattle}} [[Category:1990s English-language films]] [[Category:1990s American films]] [[Category:1993 films]] [[Category:1993 romantic comedy films]] [[Category:American romantic comedy films]] [[Category:Empire State Building in fiction]] [[Category:Films about architects]] [[Category:Films about journalists]] [[Category:Films about widowhood in the United States]] [[Category:Films directed by Nora Ephron]] [[Category:Films scored by Marc Shaiman]] [[Category:Films set around New Year]] [[Category:Films set in Baltimore]] [[Category:Films set in Chicago]] [[Category:Films set in New York City]] [[Category:Films set in Seattle]] [[Category:Films set in Washington (state)]] [[Category:Films shot in Chicago]] [[Category:Films shot in New York (state)]] [[Category:Films shot in Washington (state)]] [[Category:Films with screenplays by David S. Ward]] [[Category:Films with screenplays by Nora Ephron]] [[Category:TriStar Pictures films]] [[Category:English-language romantic comedy films]]
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