Editing Slip sheet

{{Short description | Unit load handling aid using sheet}}
{{Distinguish|text=slip sheets used in printing to divide between copies or avert [[Set-off (printing)|set-off]]}}
[[File:Highlight Freedom 8000 Stretch Wrapper Slip sheet and wrapped load.jpg|thumb|A load [[stretch wrap]]ped with slip sheet on [[rotary arm stretch wrapper]]; slip sheets in foreground]]

A '''Slip sheet'''  is “a corrugated, solid fiber, or plastic sheet onto which a [[unit load]] can be assembled.  A protruding short panel can be grasped by the jaws of a pull-pack truck and the load pulled back onto the pull-pack platform.”<ref>{{Cite book  | last = Soroka  | first = W  | title = Illustrated Glossary of Packaging Terminology    | publisher = Institute of Packaging Professionals    | edition = Second | url = http://www.iopp.org/i4a/pages/Index.cfm?pageID=1}}</ref>

==Construction==
Several constructions are available.<ref>{{Citation
| last =Kay
 | first =M
| title = Material Handling Equipment Taxonomy, Slipsheets
| publisher = North Carolina State University, Dept of Industrial and Systems Engineering
| publication-date = 1999
| url= https://mgkay.github.io/mhetax/UnitEq/Slipshet/index.htm
| access-date =20 March 2023
}}</ref><ref>{{cite patent |number=US3776145A |title=Slip Pallet |pubdate=1972 |inventor=Anderson, Mackes |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US3776145A/en }}</ref><ref>{{cite patent |number=US4042127A |title=Slip pallet and divider sheet |pubdate=1977 |inventor=Brossia |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US4042127A/en }}</ref><ref>{{cite patent |number=US5613447A |title=Slip sheet for transporting goods |pubdate=1997 |inventor=Tricket |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US5613447A/en }}</ref><ref>{{cite patent |number=US5503517A |title=Slip sheet and method of use of same |pubdate=1996 |inventor=Derby |url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US5503517A/en }}</ref> replacing traditional wooden pallets.  The unit load is usually [[stretch wrap]]ped or [[shrink wrap]]ped for stability.<ref>{{cite report |last=Laundrie |first=James F. |title=Unitizing Goods on Pallets and Slipsheets |number=FPL-GTR-52 |publisher=US Forest Products Laboratory |date=1986 |url=https://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/fplgtr/fplgtr52.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709035243/https://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/fplgtr/fplgtr52.pdf |archive-date=2020-07-09 |access-date=2023-03-22 }}</ref>

Many are constructed [[corrugated fiberboard]] or a thick solid fiber sheet.  They are typically the size of a [[pallet]] or of the load to go on a pallet.  One or more sides has a lip which extends from the load to allow grasping by a special push-pull attachment on a modified [[fork truck]].  

Plastic slip sheets can be made of [[corrugated plastic]] or a molded shape.  Sometimes the lip on the slipsheet can extend on all sides resembling a tray or shallow basket. These slip sheets are well suited to a returnable and reusable closed-loop system, 
  
==Use==
A common usage would be for the slip sheet to be placed on a pallet and loaded with boxes or bags.  This loaded pallet might be going to a warehouse for storage:  most slip sheets are not rigid enough to support loads in warehouse racks.  
When needed, the load can be called to the loading dock where a special fork lift truck will grab the lip of the slip sheet and pull it onto a flat steel platform.  Some roller platforms are also available.<ref>{{cite journal
| last =Feng
 | first =Xiaomei
 | title =Strength Analysis of Main Girder of the Roller Forks
 | journal = Advanced Materials Research
 | volume =645
 | issue =
 | pages =482–485
 | date =2013
| doi =10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.645.482
 | s2cid =109772005
 | url = 1 https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=78004927b22bc0d36c2fd2b79c09404c4e4cea26
| access-date = 18 March 2023}}</ref>
<ref> {{cite patent
| country       =US
| number        =US2013/0195592A1
| title         =PUSH-PULLDEVICE,FORK-LIFTTRUCK AND METHOD FOR DISPLACING GOODS
| pubdate       =2013
|inventor1-last=Meijer
|inventor1-first=W
| url = https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/00/18/b8/0b68d15bbde715/US20130195592A1.pdf
}} </ref>  

The slip sheet and load are then loaded onto a truck, rail car, of intermodal container and placed on the floor. This reduces the volume and weight of the pallet for shipment. At the end of the shipment, similar fork trucks with puch-pull attachments grab the loads and place them on pallets for further storage, distribution, or use,

==Comparison with pallets==
Each system has some advantages.<ref>{{cite journal
| last =Johnson
 | first =GR
 | title =The pros and cons of slip sheets
 | journal = Journal of Food Distribution Research 
 | volume =11
 | issue =
 | pages =63–69
 | date =February 1980
| url = 11010064-3.pdf
| access-date = 22 March 2023}}</ref>  A thorough analysis is useful to determine all cost factors for a particular situation. <ref>{{cite thesis |type=MSc |last=Josefsson |first=Linea. |date=2020 |title=Evaluating the Potential of Slip Sheet in a Loose-Loaded Containerized Goods Flow,Report No. E2020:017 |publisher=Chalmers University | url = https://odr.chalmers.se/server/api/core/bitstreams/927637f6-747c-4f22-8ec1-c09036c3a178/content | access-date= 20 March 2023}}</ref>  The primary advantages of a slip sheet system, is the reduction in material cost compared with a pallet and the ability to increase the density of packages per truck or shipping container.  The disadvantages might include the need for special handling equipment at both ends of the shipment.  

==See also==
* [[Packaging and labeling]]
* [[Pallet inverter]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book |last=Yam |first=K.L. |title=Encyclopedia of Packaging Technology |publisher=[[Wiley (publisher)|John Wiley & Sons]] |date=2009 |isbn=978-0-470-08704-6 }}
* {{cite book |last=Fiedler |first=R.M. |title=Distribution Packaging Technology |publisher=Institute of Packaging Professionals |date=1995 |oclc=33164940 }}
* {{cite book |last=McKinlay |first=A.H. |title=Transport Packaging |edition=2nd |publisher=Institute of Packaging Professionals |date=2004 |oclc=60361752 }}
* MHIA/ANSI MH1–2005 Pallets, Slip Sheets, and Other Bases for Unit Loads

==External links==
* {{YouTube|Mt_eEK2Da3Y|Slip Sheets Versus Pallets Using a Push/Pull Attachment}}

{{Packaging}}

[[Category:Freight transport]]
[[Category:Material handling]]
[[Category:Material-handling equipment]]
[[Category:Packaging]]