Editing Spontaneous Music Ensemble

{{Short description|Free improvising musician ensemble}}
{{Refimprove|date=December 2010}}
[[Image:Sme1.jpg|frame|The SME playing in Islington, London, 1991. Roger Smith plays guitar and Nigel Coombes plays violin. John Stevens plays drums and cornet out of frame.]]
The '''Spontaneous Music Ensemble (SME)''' was a loose collection of [[free improvising]] musicians, convened in 1965 by the late South [[London]]-based [[jazz]] [[drummer]]/[[trumpeter]] [[John Stevens (drummer)|John Stevens]] and alto and soprano saxophonist [[Trevor Watts]].<ref name="LarkinJazz">{{cite book|title=[[Encyclopedia of Popular Music|The Guinness Who's Who of Jazz]]|editor=[[Colin Larkin (writer)|Colin Larkin]]|publisher=[[Guinness Publishing]]|date=1992|edition=First|isbn=0-85112-580-8|page=374}}</ref> SME performances and recordings could range from Stevens–Watts duos to gatherings of more than a dozen players.

==Ethos==
As critic Brian Olewnick writes, the SME emphasised an "extremely open, leaderless aspect where a premium was placed on careful and considered listening on the part of the musicians. Saxophonist [[Evan Parker]] observed that Stevens had two basic rules: (1) If you can't hear another musician, you're playing too loud, and (2) if the music you're producing doesn't regularly relate to what you're hearing others create, why be in the group? This led to the development of what would jocularly become known as 'insect improv' – music that tended to be very quiet, very intense, arrhythmic, and by and large atonal."<ref name="AMG"/>

==History==
The SME began an intensive six nights per week residency at the Little Theatre Club in London in January 1966 and recorded their first album ''Challenge'' the following month.<ref>{{Citation  | last=Case  | first=Brian | title=Digestible wig bubbles explained   | newspaper=[[NME]]  | pages =24–25  | date =23 August 1975 }}</ref>  

One can loosely divide the group's history into two periods: the more horn-oriented earlier ensembles (typically with some combination of Watts, saxophonist [[Evan Parker]] and trumpeter [[Kenny Wheeler]]), and the later string-based ensembles with guitarist Roger Smith (who became as central to the second edition of SME as Watts was to the first) and violinist Nigel Coombes. The transitional point is the quartet album ''Biosystem'' (Incus, 1977), which also featured cellist Colin Wood. 

Countless other musicians passed through the SME over the years, including [[Derek Bailey (guitarist)|Derek Bailey]], [[Paul Rutherford (trombonist)|Paul Rutherford]], [[Maggie Nicols|Maggie Nichols]], [[Dave Holland (bassist)|Dave Holland]], [[Barry Guy]], [[Peter Kowald]] and [[Kent Carter]].<ref name="AMG"/> The final edition of the group was a trio of Stevens, Smith, and the saxophonist [[John Butcher (musician)|John Butcher]], a configuration documented on ''A New Distance'' (1994). 

Inspired both by American free jazz and by the radical, abstract music of [[AMM (group)|AMM]],<ref name="AMG">{{Cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/spontaneous-music-ensemble-mn0000158979/biography|title=Spontaneous Music Ensemble &#124; Biography & History|website=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=2 August 2021}}</ref> as well as influences as diverse as [[Anton Webern]] and [[Samuel Beckett]] (two Stevens touchstones), the SME kept at least a measure of [[jazz]] in their sound, though this became less audible in the later "string" ensembles.<ref name="AMG"/> 

Stevens' death in 1994 brought an end to the SME.<ref name="AMG"/>

==Discography==
*''Challenge'' (1966, Eyemark Records; reissued on Emanem Records) (featuring [[Kenny Wheeler]], Paul Rutherford, [[Trevor Watts]], Bruce Cale, [[Jeff Clyne]], John Stevens) (plus [[Evan Parker]] & Chris Cambridge on track 10)
*''Karyobin'' (1968, [[Island Records]]; reissued 1993 on Chronoscope) (featuring John Stevens, Evan Parker, Kenny Wheeler, Derek Bailey, Dave Holland)
*''Frameworks'' (1968/1971/1973, [[Emanem Records]]) (featuring various lineups, including Stevens, [[Norma Winstone]], Trevor Watts, Kenny Wheeler, Paul Rutherford, [[Julie Tippetts]], Ron Herman)
*''John Stevens/Spontaneous Music Ensemble'' (1969, Marmalade Records) (featuring John Stevens, Kenny Wheeler, Derek Bailey, Trevor Watts, [[Peter Lemer]], [[Johnny Dyani]], Maggie Nichols, Carolann Nichols, Pepi Lemer)
*''For You To Share'' (1970, [[Emanem Records]])
*''The Source – From and Towards'' (1971, Tangent Records) (recorded 18 November 1970; featuring Trevor Watts, [[Ray Warleigh]], Brian Smith, Ken (sic) Wheeler, Bob Norden, [[Chris Pyne]], Mick Pyne, [[Ron Mathewson]], Marcio Mattos, John Stevens)
*''So What Do You Think?'' (1971, Tangent Records) (featuring John Stevens, Trevor Watts, Kenny Wheeler, Derek Bailey, Dave Holland)
*''Birds of a Feather'' (1971, BYG Records (featuring John Stevens, Trevor Watts, Ron Herman, Julie Tippetts [Driscoll])
*''Bobby Bradford, John Stevens and the Spontaneous Music Ensemble Live Vols. 1 & 2'' (1971, [[Nessa Records]])
*''1.2. Albert Ayler'' (1971, Affinity) (featuring John Stevens, Trevor Watts, Ron Herman, [[Julie Driscoll|Julie Tippetts]])
*''Face to Face'' (1973, Emanem Records) (featuring John Stevens and Trevor Watts)
*''[[Quintessence (Spontaneous Music Ensemble album)|Quintessence]]'' (1973–74, Emanem Records) (featuring John Stevens, Trevor Watts, Evan Parker, Derek Bailey, Kent Carter)
*''Biosystem'' (1977, [[Incus Records]]; reissued  by Psi Records in 2006 with additional material) (featuring John Stevens, Nigel Coombes, Roger Smith, Colin Wood)
*''Hot and Cold Heroes'' (1980/91, Emanem Records) (featuring John Stevens, Nigel Coombes, Roger Smith)
*''A New Distance'' (1994, Acta; reissued by Emanem Records in 2005 with additional material from 1993) (featuring John Stevens, John Butcher, Roger Smith)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.efi.group.shef.ac.uk/mstevens.html EFI page for John Stevens]
*[http://www.efi.group.shef.ac.uk/mwatts.html EFI page for Trevor Watts]
*[http://www.efi.group.shef.ac.uk/fulltext/mbutcint.html Interview with John Butcher by Jon Morgan] (containing detailed discussion of Stevens and SME)
*[http://www.paristransatlantic.com/magazine/interviews/smith.html Interview with Roger Smith] (containing anecdotal material on Stevens and SME)
{{Barry Guy}}
{{Evan Parker}}
{{Paul Rutherford (trombonist)}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Free jazz ensembles]]
[[Category:Free improvisation ensembles]]
[[Category:Island Records artists]]
[[Category:Nessa Records artists]]
[[Category:Musical groups disestablished in 1994]]
[[Category:Emanem Records artists]]
[[Category:Avant-garde jazz ensembles]]
[[Category:Incus Records artists]]
[[Category:Psi Records artists]]