Editing St Giles-without-Cripplegate

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox church
| name             = St Giles-without-Cripplegate
| image            = St Giles' Church-without-Cripplegate Barbican London.jpg
| caption          = The west tower of St Giles-without-Cripplegate
| denomination     = [[Church of England]]
| previous denomination = [[Roman Catholic]]
| diocese          = [[Diocese of London|London]]
| parish           = St Giles' with St Luke's
| founded date     = 1394
| style            = [[English Gothic architecture#Perpendicular Gothic|Perpendicular Gothic]]
| heritage designation = Grade I [[listed building]]
| rector           = The Rev'd Canon Jack Noble
| location         = [[London]], {{postcode|EC|2}}
| country          = England
| website          = http://www.stgileschurch.com
}}

'''St Giles-without-Cripplegate''' is an [[Church of England|Anglican]] church in the [[City of London]], located on [[Fore Street (London)|Fore Street]] within the modern [[Barbican Estate|Barbican complex]].<ref>"The City of London Churches" [[John Betjeman|Betjeman,J]] Andover, Pikin, 1967 {{ISBN|0-85372-112-2}}</ref> When built it stood without (that is, outside) the [[London Wall|city wall]], near the [[Cripplegate]].<ref>'Cripplegate, one of the 26 Wards of the City of London' [[Sir John Baddeley, 1st Baronet|Baddesley, J.J]] p96: London; Blades, East & Blades; 1921</ref> The church is dedicated to [[Saint Giles|St Giles]], [[patron saint]] of handicapped and infirm people of many different kinds. It is one of the few [[medieval]] churches left in the City of London, having survived the [[Great Fire of London|Great Fire]] of 1666.<ref>"The London Encyclopaedia" Hibbert,C;Weinreb,D;Keay,J: London, Pan Macmillan, 1983 (rev 1993,2008) {{ISBN|978-1-4050-4924-5}}</ref>

==History==
There had been a [[Anglo-Saxon architecture|Saxon]] church on the site in the 11th century<ref>"The City of London Churches: monuments of another age" Quantrill, E; Quantrill, M p30: London; Quartet; 1975</ref> but by 1090 it had been replaced by a [[Norman architecture|Norman]] one. In 1394 it was rebuilt in the [[Gothic architecture#Styles|perpendicular gothic]] style<ref>"The Old Churches of London" Cobb,G: London, Batsford, 1942</ref> during the reign of Richard II.<ref>{{Cite web |title=St Giles' Cripplegate |url=https://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/things-to-do/architecture/city-churches-and-religious-buildings/www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/things-to-do/architecture/city-churches-and-religious-buildings/st-giles-cripplegate |access-date=2023-08-06 |website=City of London |language=en}}</ref> The stone tower was added in 1682.<ref>"The City Churches" Tabor, M. p34:London; The Swarthmore Press Ltd; 1917</ref>

{{Quote box|align=right|width=25%|[1545] The xii day of September at iiii of cloke in the mornynge was sent Gylles church at Creppyl gatte burnyd, alle hole save the walles, stepull, belles and alle, and how it came God knoweth.|source={{Citation|title=Chronicle of the Grey Friars of London|year=1852|url=https://archive.org/stream/chronicleofgreyf00londrich#page/48/mode/2up}}}}
The church has been badly damaged by fire on three occasions: In 1545, in 1897<ref>"The Visitors Guide to the City of London Churches" Tucker,T: London, Friends of the City Churches, 2006 {{ISBN|0-9553945-0-3}}</ref> and during an  [[strategic bombing|air raid]] of the [[London Blitz|Blitz]] of the [[Second World War]] .<ref>[http://www.stgilescripplegate.org.uk/history/history.htm History of St Giles' without Cripplegate]</ref> German bombs completely gutted the church but it was restored using the plans of the reconstruction of 1545. A new ring of twelve bells was cast by [[Mears and Stainbank]] in 1954, and this was augmented with a sharp second bell cast in 2006 by the [[Whitechapel Bell Foundry]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://london.lovesguide.com/giles_cripplegate.htm |title=Love's Guide to the Church Bells of the City of London |access-date=22 September 2010 |archive-date=27 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927085656/http://london.lovesguide.com/giles_cripplegate.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> The historic pews, altar and font come from the nearby [[St Luke Old Street]], and were transferred to St Giles when it closed and the parishes were amalgamated in 1959.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.stgilesnewsite.co.uk/history/|title = St Giles Cripplegate Church}}</ref>
[[File:Tower of Church of St Giles, Cripplegate, and Old Houses in Fore Street, 1884 by Philip Norman.jpg|thumb|Tower of Church of St Giles, Cripplegate, and Old Houses in Fore Street, 1884 by [[Philip Norman (artist)|Philip Norman]]]]
The church was designated a Grade I [[listed building]] on 4 January 1950.<ref>{{NHLE |num=1359183 |access-date=23 January 2009}}</ref>

==Notable people associated with the church==
[[File:Chancel of the Church of Saint Giles-without-Cripplegate (01).jpg|thumb|right|The chancel of the Church of St Giles Cripplegate]]
* [[John Field (divine)|John Field]], curate of the church, c. 1570
* [[John Foxe]], author of the ''[[Foxe's Book of Martyrs|Book of Martyrs]]'', surrogate for Crowley c. 1565 and buried in the church, 1587
* [[Robert Crowley (1517–1588)|Robert Crowley]], rector of St Giles's and Protestant polemicist was buried in the church in 1588
* [[Thomas Deloney]], English novelist and balladist, had his son baptised in the church in 1586
* [[Lancelot Andrewes]], rector of the church after Crowley
* [[Roger Townshend (1544–1590)|Roger Townshend]], buried in the church in 1590
* Sir [[Martin Frobisher]], captain who fought against the [[Spanish Armada]], buried in the church, 1595<ref>{{cite book |last1=Jones |first1=Frank |title=The Life of Sir Martin Frobisher, Knight: Containing a Narrative of the Spanish Armada |date=1878 |publisher=Longmans, Green |page=335 |url=https://archive.org/details/cihm_07843/page/n383/mode/2up |access-date=26 July 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
*Sir [[Francis Willoughby (1547–1596)|Francis Willoughby]], industrialist and coalowner, buried in the church in 1596
* [[Nathaniel Eaton]], first schoolmaster of [[Harvard College]], baptised in the church in 1610{{dub|date=June 2023}}
* [[Oliver Cromwell]], military commander and [[Lord Protector]] of England during the [[Commonwealth of England|Commonwealth]], married [[Elizabeth Bourchier]] in the church, 1620
* [[Nicholas Tooley]], Shakespearean actor, shareholder in the [[Globe Theatre]], buried 5 June 1623
* [[John Speed]], author of the'' Theatre of the Empire of Great Britaine'', buried in the church in 1629
* [[John Milton]], author of ''[[Paradise Lost]]'', buried in the church in 1674
* [[John Bunyan]], author of ''[[The Pilgrim's Progress]]'', attended the church
* [[Daniel Defoe]], author of ''[[Robinson Crusoe]]'', died in the parish, 1731
* [[Mark Catesby]], naturalist, artist, and author of ''Natural History of Carolina, Florida and the Bahama Islands'' (1729–1747), was a parishioner and several of his children were baptised in the church, and later buried in the churchyard
* [[Rick Wakeman]], keyboardist, recorded his track "Jane Seymour" (from ''[[The Six Wives of Henry VIII (album)|The Six Wives of Henry VIII]]'') and the pipe organ parts in the third section of [[Yes (band)|Yes]] track "[[Close to the Edge (song)|Close to the Edge]]"<ref name="SW MIx">{{cite web|last=Mettler|first=Mike|title=Total 5.1 Mass Retain: Steven Wilson on Mixing Yes' Close to the Edge in Surround Sound|url=http://soundbard.com/total-5-1-mass-retain-steven-wilson-on-mixing-yes-close-to-the-edge-in-surround-sound/|work=The Sound Board|access-date=28 February 2014}}</ref> using the [[pipe organ]] in the church
* [[Jack Nitzsche]], composer, pianist, recorded "St. Giles Cripplegate" with the [[London Symphony Orchestra]] in 1972

==Layout of the church==
[[Image:St Giles Cripplegate Plan.jpg|center|thumb|upright=2|Interior of St Giles Cripplegate]]
[[File:North Aisle of the Church of Saint Giles-without-Cripplegate (East-Facing View - 01).jpg|thumb|right|The north aisle of the church]]
# John Milton buried here in 1674
# The altar from [[St Luke Old Street (church)|St. Luke's, Old Street]], which was dismantled in the 1960s due to subsidence.
# The east window. Designed by the Nicholson Studios, following the pattern of the original medieval window.
# [[Sedilia]] (where the priest sat) and [[piscina]] of the medieval church.
# Display cabinet containing the historic treasures of Cripplegate.
# John Foxe, author of "''The Book of Martyrs''" is buried here.
# Plaque commemorating Sir Martin Frobisher, explorer and sea Captain.
# Bust of John Speed, map maker and historian.
# Statue of John Milton by [[Horace Montford]]<ref>"London:the City Churches” Pevsner,N/Bradley,S New Haven, Yale, 1998 {{ISBN|0-300-09655-0}}</ref>
# The organ. From St. Luke's, Old Street<ref>Pearce,C.W. “Notes on Old City Churches: their organs, organists and musical associations” London, Winthrop Rogers Ltd 1909</ref>
# Bust of Daniel Defoe, author of "''Robinson Crusoe''" and John Milton.
# Busts of Oliver Cromwell and John Bunyan, author of "''Pilgrim's Progress''".
# Portrait of Dr. William Nicholls, the first Rector of St. Luke's Church and Vicar of St. Giles'.
# The West Window – shows the coats of arms of the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Bishop of London, Milton, Cromwell and Frobisher.
# The font – from St. Luke's Church.
# The Cripplegate Window which celebrates the centenary of the charity The Cripplegate Foundation.
# Bust of Sir William Staines, Lord Mayor of London in 1801.<ref>St Giles's Church Guide</ref>
{{Coord|51|31|7.38|N|0|5|38.55|W|region:GB_type:landmark|display=title}}
[[File:St Giles-without-Cripplegate - Nave with Organ.jpg|thumb|View of the nave looking west.]]

==Gallery==
<gallery>File:Barbican, London - 22 June 2014 - Andy Mabbett - 12.JPG|View from the outside
File:Baptismal Font in the Church of Saint Giles-without-Cripplegate (01).jpg|Baptismal Font in the church
The belfry and tower.jpg|Tower of the church</gallery>

==See also==
{{Portal|Christianity|London}}
* [[List of buildings that survived the Great Fire of London]]
*[[List of churches and cathedrals of London]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|St Giles Cripplegate}}
*{{Official|http://www.stgilescripplegate.com/}}

{{Churches in the City of London}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Saint Giles without Cripplegate}}
[[Category:Church of England church buildings in the City of London]]
[[Category:Churches bombed by the Luftwaffe in London|Giles]]
[[Category:Diocese of London]]
[[Category:Barbican Estate]]
[[Category:Grade I listed churches in the City of London]]
[[Category:Churches in the City of London]]