Editing Standard manuscript format

{{Short description|Conventions regarding how to submit material to publishers}}
'''Standard manuscript format''' is a formatting style for [[Manuscript (publishing)|manuscript]]s of short stories, novels, poems and other literary works submitted by authors to [[publisher]]s. Even with the advent of [[desktop publishing]], making it possible for anyone to prepare text that appears professionally [[typesetting|typeset]], many publishers still require authors to submit manuscripts within their respective guidelines. Although there is no single set of guidelines, the "standard" format describes formatting that is considered to be generally acceptable.<ref name="Shunn">{{cite journal|last1=Shunn|first1=William|title=Proper Manuscript Format|journal= Writers Write: The Internet Writing Journal|date=December 1998|url=http://www.shunn.net/format/story.html}}</ref>

Although publishers' guidelines for formatting are the most critical resource for authors,<ref>{{cite book|title= Formatting and Submitting your Manuscript|edition= 3rd|last1= Sambuchino|first1= Chuck|last2= The Editors of Writer's Digest Books|year= 2009|publisher= Writer's Digest Books|location= Cincinnati, OH|isbn= 978-1-58297-571-9|pages= [https://archive.org/details/formattingsubmit00samb/page/5 5, 10]|url-access= registration|url= https://archive.org/details/formattingsubmit00samb/page/5}}
</ref> [[style guide]]s are also key references for authors preparing manuscripts since "virtually all professional editors work closely with one of them in editing a manuscript for publication."<ref>{{cite book |title= The Pocket Idiot's Guide to Grammar and Punctuation: A Handy Reference to Resolve All Your Grammatical Problems|last= Stevenson|first=Jay|year=2005|publisher=Alpha Books|isbn=978-1-59257-393-6|page=viii}}</ref>

Manuscript formatting depends greatly on the type of work that is being written, as well as the individual publisher, editor or producer. Writers who intend to submit a manuscript should determine what the relevant writing standards are, and follow them. Individual publishers' standards will take precedence over [[style guide]]s.<ref>{{cite book|title= Formatting and Submitting your Manuscript|edition= 3rd|last1= Sambuchino|first1= Chuck|last2= The Editors of Writer's Digest Books|year= 2009|publisher= Writer's Digest Books|location= Cincinnati, OH|isbn= 978-1-58297-571-9|pages= [https://archive.org/details/formattingsubmit00samb/page/10 10–11]|url-access= registration|url= https://archive.org/details/formattingsubmit00samb/page/10}}</ref>

==Features==
In general, a document with standard manuscript format will have the following features:<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.sfwa.org/2008/11/manuscript-preparation/|title = Manuscript Preparation|date = 2008-11-07|last = McIntyre|first = Vonda}}</ref><ref name=Splane>{{cite book|last1=Splane|first1=Lily|title=The Book Book: A Complete Guide to Creating a Book on Your Computer|date=2002|page=31|publisher=Anaphase II |isbn=9780945962144 |edition=2nd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TSCFzLxu-58C&pg=PA31}}</ref><ref name=www.aw-bc.com>{{cite book|last1=Addison-Wesley/Benjamin Cummings publishing team|title=Author guidelines|publisher=Addison-Wesley or Benjamin Cummings|url=http://www.aw-bc.com/publishing/authorguidelines/|chapter=Chapter 6: Preparing the Text Manuscript|chapter-url=http://www.aw-bc.com/publishing/authorguidelines/Ch06.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Klems |first1=Brian A. |title=What Are the Guidelines for Formatting a Manuscript? |url=https://www.writersdigest.com/online-editor/what-are-the-guidelines-for-formating-a-manuscript |website=writersdigest.com |date=22 December 2014 |publisher=Active Interest Media |accessdate=April 9, 2020}}</ref>
* [[Letter (paper size)|8.5"×11"]] or [[A4 (paper size)|A4]] paper size.
* [[Courier (font)|Courier]] or a similar [[Monospaced font|monospaced]] [[serif]] font.
* 12-[[Point (typography)|point]] (10 [[Pitch (typewriter)|{{abbr|pitch|characters and spaces per inch of running text}}]]) or 10-point (12 pitch) font size.
* [[Leading|Double-spaced]] lines of text (set in a [[word processor]] as 24-point or 20-point line spacing according to the chosen font size).
* 24 or 25 lines of text.
* 1, 1.25 or 1.5 inch margins.
* Paragraph indentation of 0.5 inches.
* Printed one-sided with black ink.

On the first page of the document, the author's name and contact information appears in the top left corner. In the top right corner of the first page, the word count appears.<ref name="Shunn" />

Subsequent pages only have text in the top right corner. This text includes: the author's name, a slash, an abbreviated title, another slash, and the page number.<ref name="Shunn" />

==Word count==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;float:right"
! rowspan="2"|Left and<br />right margins|| colspan="2"|Font size
|-
!12-point<br /> (10 pitch)||10-point<br />(12 pitch)
|-
! colspan="3" style="background:ivory;"|Characters and spaces per line
|-
| 1"||65||78
|-
| 1.25"||60||72
|-
| 1.5"||55||66
|-
! colspan="3" style="background:ivory;"|Characters and spaces per page (24 lines)
|-
| 1"||1,560||1,872
|-
| 1.25"||1,440||1,728
|-
| 1.5"||1,320||1,584
|-
! colspan="3" style="background:ivory;"|Characters and spaces per page (25 lines)
|-
| 1"||1,625||1,950
|-
| 1.25"||1,500||1,800
|-
| 1.5"||1,375||1,650
|}

Writers can add the [[word count]] of the manuscript, although this may also be noted on a [[query letter]]. Most publishers pay writers based on a hypothetical number of words in the manuscript. However, this is not the physical count of actual words; this is a rough count of the number of characters divided to better estimate the space that the final text will consume in the published version. Normally, this involves counting every character in the manuscript, including spaces, and dividing by 6. If the correct font size is used, and if the [[Margin (typography)|margins]] are set so that lines contain an average of 60 characters, the editor can easily assume that there are 10 words per line. Furthermore, if the top and bottom margins are set so that there are, for example, 25 lines on each page, the editor can easily count 250 words per page.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.davidfarland.net/writing_tips/?a=230|title = The Importance of Standard Manuscript Format|date = 2013-06-18|accessdate = |website = |publisher = |last = |first = }}</ref><ref name=Splane/><ref name=www.aw-bc.com/>

==Manuscript handling==
The final reason involves how editors, copy editors, and typesetters handle manuscripts. They might work on an entire manuscript at one time or the editor might hand groups of pages to the typesetter at a time. Unstapled pages facilitate this.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://homeschoolmagazinereviews.com/en/dissertation-writing-process|title = Dissertation Writing Process|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = |last = |first = }}</ref>

Page numbers, author's name, and title on every page ensure that if an unstapled manuscript is shuffled on a table, shared among two or more people, or dropped, it can easily be reassembled, and if a stack of unstapled manuscripts is dropped, it can easily be sorted into the correct sets.<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://bradrtorgersen.wordpress.com/2010/03/27/the-basics-standard-manuscript-format-and-mailing/|title = The Basics of Manuscript Format and Mailing|date = 2010-03-27|accessdate = 2015-02-09|website = Brad R. Torgersen|publisher = |last = Torgersen|first = Brad}}</ref>

==Other manuscript formats==
{{Unreferenced section|date=November 2015}}

There are formatting conventions for different kinds of written works, including:
* Plays and screenplays
* Novels and novellas
* Essays and longer nonfiction works
* Stories and collections of stories
* Poems and collections of poems
* Research or academic papers

==See also==
*[[Draft document]]
*[[Preprint]]
*[[Manuscript format]]
*[[Style guides]]
*[[List of style guides]]
*[[Sentence spacing]]
*[[Sentence spacing in language and style guides]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite web |last1=Betancourt |first1=John Gregory |title=The Obligatory Manuscript Format Article |url=http://www.sfwa.org/2005/01/the-obligatory-manuscript-format-article/ |publisher=[[Science Fiction Writers of America]] |date=1997}}
* {{cite web |last1=Klems |first1=Brian A. |title=What Are the Guidelines for Formatting a Manuscript?|url=http://www.writersdigest.com/online-editor/what-are-the-guidelines-for-formating-a-manuscript |work=[[Writer’s Digest]] |date=2014 }}
* {{cite book |last1=Roerden|first1=Chris |title=Don't Sabotage Your Submission: Save Your Manuscript from Turning Up D.O.A. |date=2008 |isbn=9781933523316 |chapter-url=http://writersinfo.info/smf.html |chapter=Appendix |publisher=Bella Rosa Books }}
* {{cite web |title=Manuscript Formatting |url=http://www.writerstype.com/articles/manuscriptformatting.asp |website=WritersType.com |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110319034516/http://www.writerstype.com/articles/manuscriptformatting.asp |archive-date=19 March 2011 }}
* {{cite web |title=Writer's Guidelines |url=http://www.asimovs.com/contact-us/writers-guidelines/ |website=[[Asimov's Science Fiction]] }}

[[Category:Publishing]]
[[Category:Book formats]]
[[Category:Grey literature]]