Editing Stanley Fish

{{Short description|American literary theorist, legal scholar, author and public intellectual (born 1938)}}
{{BLP sources| date= September 2015}} 
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2013}}
{{Infobox academic
| name  =  Stanley Eugene Fish
| birth_date  =  {{birth date and age|1938|04|19}}
| birth_place  =  [[Providence, Rhode Island]]
| occupation  =  {{Hlist|Literary theorist|legal scholar|author|professor}}
| spouse  =  [[Jane Tompkins]]
| education  =  {{Unbulleted list|[[University of Pennsylvania]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]]) |[[Yale University]] ([[Master of Arts|MA]], [[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]])}}}}
'''Stanley Eugene Fish''' (born April 19, 1938) is an American [[literary theory|literary theorist]], [[legal scholar]], [[author]] and [[public intellectual]]. He is currently the Floersheimer Distinguished Visiting Professor of Law at [[Yeshiva University]]'s [[Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law]] in New York City.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.cardozo.yu.edu/directory/stanley-fish | title=Stanley Fish | publisher=Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law | date=2013 | access-date=November 1, 2015}}</ref> Fish has previously served as the Davidson-Kahn Distinguished University Professor of Humanities and a professor of law at [[Florida International University]] and is dean emeritus of the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences at the [[University of Illinois at Chicago]].

Fish is associated with [[postmodernism]], although he views himself instead as an advocate of [[anti-foundationalism]].<ref>Baldacchino, Joseph. ''Humanitas''. [http://www.nhinet.org/jb-seat.htm/ "Two Kinds of Criticism: Reflective Self-Scrutiny vs. Impulsive Self-Validation"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080515235159/http://www.nhinet.org/jb-seat.htm |date=May 15, 2008 }}</ref> He is also viewed as having influenced the rise and development of [[reader-response theory]].

During his career he has also taught at the [[Cardozo School of Law]], [[University of California, Berkeley]], [[Johns Hopkins University]], [[The University of Pennsylvania]], [[Yale Law School]], [[Columbia University]], [[John Marshall Law School (Chicago)|The John Marshall Law School]], and [[Duke University]].

==Early life and education==
Fish was born in [[Providence, Rhode Island]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Guide to the Stanley Fish Papers|url=http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt08701714/|access-date=August 25, 2013|website=Online Archive of California}}</ref> He was raised Jewish.<ref name="Tribune">{{cite news|last=McLane|first=Maureen|date=March 21, 1999|title=Stanley Fish: Paradox 101|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/1999/03/21/stanley-fish-paradox-101/|access-date=August 25, 2013}}</ref> His father, an immigrant from [[Poland]], was a plumber and contractor who made it a priority for his son to get a university education.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Fish|first=Stanley|date=2008-11-02|title=Max the Plumber|url=https://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/11/02/max-the-plumber/|access-date=2021-03-31|website=Opinionator|publisher=The New York Times}}</ref><ref name="Tribune" /> Fish became the first member of his family to attend college in the US, earning a [[Bachelor's degree|B.A.]] from the [[University of Pennsylvania]] in 1959 and an [[Master of Arts|M.A.]] from [[Yale University]] in 1960.<ref name="Law.fiu.edu">{{cite web|title=Stanley Fish|url=https://law.fiu.edu/directory/stanley-fish/|access-date=March 31, 2021|website=FIU Law}}</ref><ref>''The Journal of Blacks In Higher Education'' No. 30  (Winter, 2000-2001), pp. 44-46. [https://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/2679077?uid=3739656&uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=4&uid=3739256&sid=21101893161731 "Stanley Fish Reels in a School of Black Scholars"]</ref> He completed his [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D.]] in 1962, also at [[Yale University]].<ref name="Law.fiu.edu" />

==Academic career==
Fish taught English at the [[University of California, Berkeley|University of California at Berkeley]] and [[Johns Hopkins University]] before serving as Arts and Sciences Professor of English and professor of law at [[Duke University]] from 1986 to 1998. From 1999 to 2004, he was dean of the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences at the [[University of Illinois at Chicago]], and he served as distinguished visiting professor at the [[UIC John Marshall Law School|John Marshall Law School]] from 2000 until 2002.<ref name="Law.fiu.edu"/>  Fish also held joint appointments in the Departments of Political Science and Criminal Justice and was the chairman of the Religious Studies Committee.<ref>{{cite web|last=Lynn|first=Andrea|date=October 6, 2004|title=Experts in the humanities to discuss future of their discipline|url=http://www.news.uiuc.edu/news/04/1006humanities.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907064206/http://www.news.uiuc.edu/news/04/1006humanities.html|archive-date=September 7, 2008|access-date=August 25, 2013|website=News Bureau|publisher=University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign|df=mdy-all}}</ref>

During his tenure there, he recruited professors respected in the academic community, and attracted attention to the college.<ref>{{cite web|last=Jaschik|first=Scott|date=February 11, 2005|title=Life After Stanley|url=http://insidehighered.com/workplace/2005/02/11/chicago2_11|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060505143018/http://insidehighered.com/workplace/2005/02/11/chicago2_11|archive-date=May 5, 2006|website=Inside Higher Ed}}</ref> After resigning as dean in a high-level dispute with the state of Illinois over funding UIC,<ref>{{cite web|date=October 31, 2003|title=Privatizing the Public|url=http://www.invisibleadjunct.com/archives/000328.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031218023346/http://www.invisibleadjunct.com/archives/000328.html|archive-date=December 18, 2003|website=Invisible Adjunct}}</ref> Fish spent a year teaching in the Department of English. The Institute for the Humanities at UIC named a lecture series in his honor, which is still ongoing.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uic.edu/depts/huminst/stanley.shtml|title=The Stanley Fish Lecture|publisher=University of Illinois at Chicago|date=April 13, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070427021301/http://www.uic.edu/depts/huminst/stanley.shtml|archive-date=April 27, 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref> In June 2005, he accepted the position of Davidson-Kahn Distinguished University Professor of Humanities and Law at [[Florida International University]], teaching in the [[FIU College of Law]].

In November 2010 he joined the board of visitors of [[Ralston College]], a start-up institution in Savannah, Georgia.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ralston.ac|title=Collegium Ralstonianum apud Savannenses - Home|publisher=Ralston.ac|access-date=August 25, 2013}}</ref> He has also been a Fellow of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] since 1985.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amacad.org/members/classList.pdf|title=List of Active Members by Class|publisher=American Academy of Arts & Sciences|date=November 12, 2012|access-date=August 25, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005034430/http://www.amacad.org/members/classList.pdf|archive-date=October 5, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In April 2024, [[New College of Florida]] described him as presidential scholar in residence in invitations to a discussion with [[Mark Bauerlein]] on free speech, academic freedom, and political expression.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://ncf.iad1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_bHEYVNPEBGiVbbE | title=Socratic Stage Dialogue Series Free Speech, Academic Freedom, and Political Expression with Dr. Stanley Fish and Dr. Mark Bauerlein }}</ref>

==Milton==
Fish started his career as a [[Medieval studies|medievalist]]. His first book, published by [[Yale University Press]] in 1965, was on the late-medieval/early-Renaissance poet [[John Skelton (poet)|John Skelton]]. Fish explains in his partly biographical essay, "[[John Milton|Milton]], Thou Shouldst be Living at this Hour" (published in ''There's No Such Thing as Free Speech . . . And It's a Good Thing, Too''), that he came to Milton by accident. In 1963, the same year that Fish started as an assistant professor at the University of California, Berkeley, its resident Miltonist, [[Constantinos Patrides|Constantinos A. Patrides]], received a grant. The chair of the department asked Fish to teach the Milton course, notwithstanding the fact that the young professor "had never &mdash; either as an undergraduate or in graduate school &mdash; taken a Milton course" (269). The eventual result was ''Surprised by Sin: The Reader in Paradise Lost'' (1967; rpt. 1997).  Fish's 2001 book, ''How Milton Works'', reflects five decades' worth of his scholarship on Milton. About this book, academic and critic [[John Mullan (academic)|John Mullan]] disagrees with Fish's interpretation that:
<blockquote> Our every likely value is defeated by his poetry. His book needs to presume that we find Milton's beliefs, and even more the sheer force of those beliefs, inimical. It never occurs to Fish that the [[Reader-response theory|ever-abused "reader"]] might share any values with Milton… Even when he has a point, Fish is wrestling Milton to his cause. There is no room to consider that Milton's poetry might be wise about human weakness, and that ''[[Paradise Lost]]'', for instance, might be more notable for its sense of tragedy than for its doctrinal correctness.<ref name="Zapp">{{Cite news |title= Satanic majesties |last=Mullan |first=John |date=4 August 2001 |work=The Guardian |url= https://www.theguardian.com/books/2001/aug/04/classics.highereducation |access-date=18 April 2023}}</ref></blockquote>

==Interpretive communities==
Fish is best known for his analysis of [[interpretive communities]] &mdash; an offshoot of [[reader-response criticism]]. His work in this field examines how the interpretation of a [[Text (literary theory)|text]] is dependent upon each reader's own subjective experience in one or more communities, each of which is defined as a 'community' by a distinct epistemology. For Fish, a large part of what renders a reader's subjective experience valuable — that is, why it may be considered "constrained" as opposed to an uncontrolled and idiosyncratic assertion of the self — comes from a concept native to the field of linguistics called [[linguistic competence]].

In Fish's source the term is explained as "the idea that it is possible to characterize a linguistic system that every speaker shares."<ref>Wardaugh, Ronald. ''Reading: a Linguistic Perspective''. University of Michigan: Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc., 1969. 36, 60.</ref> In the context of literary criticism, he uses this concept to argue that a reader's approach to a text is not completely subjective, and that an internalized understanding of language shared by the native speakers of that given language makes possible the creation of normative boundaries for one's experience with language.{{Citation needed|date=September 2015}}

==Fish and university politics==
Fish has written extensively on the [[politics]] of the [[university]], having taken positions supporting campus [[speech code]]s and criticizing political statements by universities or faculty bodies on matters outside their professional areas of expertise.<ref>Fish, Stanley. “Professors, Stop Opining About Trump.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 16 July 2016, www.nytimes.com/2016/07/17/opinion/sunday/professors-stop-opining-about-trump.html.</ref>

He argued in January 2008 on his ''New York Times''-syndicated blog that the [[humanities]] are of no [[instrumental value]], but have only [[Intrinsic value (ethics)|intrinsic worth]]. He explains, "To the question 'of what use are the humanities?', the only honest answer is none whatsoever. And it is an answer that brings honor to its subject. Justification, after all, confers value on an activity from a perspective outside its performance. An activity that cannot be justified is an activity that refuses to regard itself as instrumental to some larger good. The humanities are their own good. There is nothing more to say, and anything that is said diminishes the object of its supposed praise."<ref>Fish, Stanley. ''The New York Times''. [http://fish.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/01/06/will-the-humanities-save-us/ "Will the Humanities Save Us?"], January 6, 2008.</ref>

Fish has lectured across the US at many universities and colleges including [[Florida Atlantic University]], [[Brown University]], the University of Pennsylvania, [[Harvard University]], [[University of Toronto]], [[Columbia University]], the [[University of Vermont]], the [[University of Georgia]], the [[University of Louisville]], [[San Diego State University]], the [[University of Kentucky]], [[Bates College]], the [[University of Central Florida]], the [[University of West Florida]], and the [[Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2015}}

==Fish as university politician==
As chair of the Duke English department from 1986 to 1992, Fish attracted attention and controversy. Fish, according to ''[[Lingua Franca (magazine)|Lingua Franca]],'' used "shameless—and in academe unheard-of—entrepreneurial gusto" to take "a respectable but staid Southern English department and transform it into the professional powerhouse of the day", in part through the payment of lavish salaries. His time at Duke saw comparatively quite light undergraduate and graduate coursework requirements for students, matched by their heavy graduate teaching requirements. This permitted professors to reduce their own teaching. In April 1992, near the end of Fish's time as department chair, an external review committee considered evidence that the English curriculum had become "a hodgepodge of uncoordinated offerings", lacking in "broad foundational courses" or faculty planning. The department's dissipating prominence in the 1990s was featured on the front page of ''[[The New York Times]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://linguafranca.mirror.theinfo.org/9902/yaffe.html|title=The Department that Fell to Earth|publisher=Linguafranca.mirror.theinfo.org|access-date=August 25, 2013}}</ref>

==Criticisms of his work==
As a frequent contributor to ''[[The New York Times]]''<ref>[http://fish.blogs.nytimes.com/ New York Times: Stanley Fish] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061107004252/http://fish.blogs.nytimes.com/ |date=November 7, 2006 }}, nytimes.com; accessed January 11, 2018.</ref> and ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' editorial page, Fish has been the target of wide-ranging criticism.

Writing in ''[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]'' magazine, [[Judith Shulevitz]] reported that not only does Fish openly proclaim himself "unprincipled" but also rejects wholesale the concepts of "fairness, impartiality, reasonableness." To Fish, "ideas have no consequences." For taking this stance, Shulevitz characterizes Fish as "not the unprincipled relativist he's accused of being. He's something worse. He's a fatalist."<ref>''Slate''. [http://www.slate.com/id/1004257 The Indefensible Stanley Fish], slate.com; accessed January 11, 2018.</ref>

Likewise, among academics, Fish has endured vigorous criticism. The conservative [[R. V. Young]] writes, {{cquote|Because his general understanding of human nature and of the human condition is false, Fish fails in the specific task of a university scholar, which requires that learning be placed in the service of truth. And this, finally, is the critical issue in the contemporary university of which Stanley Fish is a typical representative: sophistry renders truth itself equivocal and deprives scholarly learning of its reason for being... . His brash disdain of principle and his embrace of sophistry reveal the hollowness hidden at the heart of the current academic enterprise.<ref>R.V. Young [http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-113525437.html Modern Age], encyclopedia.com; accessed January 11, 2018.</ref>}}

[[Terry Eagleton]], a prominent British Marxist,<ref>''The Independent.''[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/terry-eagleton-class-warrior-396770.html "Terry Eagleton: Class Warrior."]</ref> excoriates Fish's "discreditable [[epistemology]]" as "sinister". According to Eagleton, "Like almost all diatribes against [[Universality (philosophy)|universalism]], Fish's critique of universalism has its own rigid universals: the priority at all times and places of sectoral interests, the permanence of conflict, the a priori status of belief systems, the rhetorical character of truth, the fact that all apparent openness is secretly closure, and the like." Of Fish's attempt to co-opt the critiques leveled against him, Eagleton responds, "The felicitous upshot is that nobody can ever criticise Fish, since if their criticisms are intelligible to him, they belong to his cultural game and are thus not really criticisms at all; and if they are not intelligible, they belong to some other set of conventions entirely and are therefore irrelevant."<ref>Eagleton, Terry. ''London Review of Books''. [https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v22/n05/terry-eagleton/the-estate-agent "The Estate Agent"]; accessed January 11, 2018.</ref>

In the essay "Sophistry about Conventions", philosopher [[Martha Nussbaum]] argues that Fish's theoretical views are based on "extreme relativism and even radical subjectivism." Discounting his work as nothing more than [[sophistry]], Nussbaum claims that Fish "relies on the regulative principle of non-contradiction in order to adjudicate between competing principles", thereby relying on normative standards of argumentation even as he argues against them.  Offering an alternative, Nussbaum cites [[John Rawls]]'s work in ''[[A Theory of Justice]]'' to highlight "an example of a rational argument; it can be said to yield, in a perfectly recognizable sense, ethical truth." Nussbaum appropriates Rawls's critique of the insufficiencies of Utilitarianism, showing that a rational person will consistently prefer a system of justice that acknowledges boundaries between separate persons rather than relying on the aggregation of the sum total of desires. "This", she claims, "is altogether different from rhetorical manipulation."<ref>Nussbaum, Martha C. ''Love's Knowledge.'' "Sophistry About Conventions", New York: Oxford University Press, 1990. pp. 220-29.</ref>

[[Camille Paglia]], author of ''[[Sexual Personae]]'' and [[public intellectual]], denounced Fish as a "totalitarian Tinkerbell," charging him with hypocrisy for lecturing about multiculturalism from the perspective of a tenured professor at the homogeneous and sheltered ivory tower of Duke.<ref>[http://gos.sbc.edu/p/paglia.html Gifts of Speech &mdash; Camille Paglia], gos.sbc.edu; accessed January 11, 2018.</ref>

David Hirsch, a critic of post-structuralist influences on [[hermeneutics]], censured Fish for "lapses in logical rigor" and "carelessness toward rhetorical precision." In an examination of Fish's arguments, Hirsch attempts to demonstrate that "not only was a restoration of New Critical methods unnecessary, but that Fish himself had not managed to rid himself of the shackles of New Critical theory."  Hirsch compares Fish's work to Penelope's loom in the ''[[Odyssey]]'', stating, "what one critic weaves by day, another unweaves by night."  "Nor," he writes, "does this weaving and unweaving constitute a dialectic, since no forward movement takes place."  Ultimately, Hirsch sees Fish as left to "wander in his own [[Elysian]] fields, hopelessly alienated from art, from truth, and from humanity."<ref>Hirsch, David H.  ''The Deconstruction of Literature: Criticism after Auschwitz''.  Hanover, New Hampshire:  University Press of New England, 1991. pp. 4, 22&ndash;28, 68.</ref>

==Personal life==
He is married to literary critic [[Jane Tompkins]].<ref>[https://www.chicagotribune.com/2005/04/21/former-dean-at-uic-to-leave/ "Former dean at UIC to leave"]</ref>

==Literary references==
Stanley Fish has been parodied in two novels by [[David Lodge (author)|David Lodge]] in which he appears as "Morris Zapp".<ref name="Zapp" />

==Awards==
Fish received the [[PEN/Diamonstein-Spielvogel Award for the Art of the Essay]] in 1994 for ''There's No Such Thing As Free Speech, and it's a Good Thing, Too.''

==Bibliography==

===Primary works by Fish===
*''John Skelton's Poetry''.  New Haven, CT: Yale UP, 1965.
*''Surprised by Sin: The Reader in'' Paradise Lost.  Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 1967.  {{ISBN|0-674-85747-X}} (10).  {{ISBN|978-0-674-85747-6}} (13).
* ''[[Self-Consuming Artifacts]]: The Experience of Seventeenth-Century Literature''.  Berkeley, CA: U of California P, 1972.
*"Interpreting the Variorum."  ''[[Critical Inquiry]]'' (1976).
*"Why We Can't All Just Get Along."  ''[[First Things]]'' (1996).
*''The Living Temple: George Herbert and Catechizing''.  Berkeley, CA: U of California P, 1978.
*''Is There a Text in This Class? The Authority of Interpretive Communities''.  Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 1980.  {{ISBN|0-674-46726-4}} (10). {{ISBN|978-0-674-46726-2}} (13).
*''Doing What Comes Naturally: Change, Rhetoric, and the Practice of Theory in Literary and Legal Studies''.  Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1989.
*''Professional Correctness: Literary Studies and Political Change''.  Cambridge, MA: Harvard U P, 1999.
*''The Trouble with Principle''.  Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 1999.
*''How Milton Works''.  Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 2001.
*[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/179802890 ''Save The World on Your Own Time''] Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
*[http://www.upenn.edu/pennpress/book/14788.html ''The Fugitive in Flight: Faith, Liberalism, and Law in a Classic TV Show'']. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2010.
*''How to Write a Sentence: And How to Read One''. New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishers, 2011.
*Versions of Antihumanism: Milton and Others. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012. 
*[https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/versions-of-antihumanism/31BAD44C89123873E7E9662074A570B6]*[http://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/V/bo16462633.html  ''Versions of Academic Freedom: From Professionalism to Revolution'']. Chicago, IL: [[University of Chicago Press]], 2014. {{ISBN|978-0-226-06431-4}}.
*''Winning Arguments: What Works and Doesn't Work in Politics, the Bedroom, the Courtroom, and the Classroom''. New York, NY: [[HarperCollins]], 2016. {{ISBN|978-0-062-22665-5}}.
*''The First: How to Think About Hate Speech, Campus Speech, Religious Speech, Fake News, Post-Truth, and Donald Trump.'' Atria/One Signal Publishers. 2019 {{ISBN|9781982115241|}}.

===Collections of works by Fish===
*''There's No Such Thing As Free Speech, and it's a Good Thing, Too''.  New York: Oxford UP, 1994.
:The title essay and an additional essay, "Jerry Falwell's Mother," focus on free speech issues.  In the latter piece, Fish argues that, if one has some answer in mind to the question "what is free speech good for?" along the lines of "in the free and open clash of viewpoints the truth can more readily be known," then it makes no sense to defend deliberate malicious libel (such as that which was at issue in the [[Supreme Court of the United States|U.S. Supreme Court]] case of ''[[Hustler Magazine v. Falwell]]'') in the name of "free speech."
*''The Stanley Fish Reader''.  Ed. H. Aram Veeser.  London: Blackwell Publishers, 1999.
*''Think Again: Contrarian Reflections on Life, Culture, Politics, Religion, Law, and Education'', Princeton, (2015),  {{ISBN|9780691167718}}

==See also==
*[[Formalism (literature)|Formalism]]
*[[New Criticism]]

==Notes and references==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
*Robertson, Michael. ''Stanley Fish on Philosophy, Politics and Law''. Cambridge University Press, 2014
*Olson, Gary A.  ''[http://www.siupress.com/books/978-0-8093-3476-6 Stanley Fish, America's Enfant Terrible: The Authorized Biography.]'' Carbondale: SIU P, 2016.
*Olson, Gary A.  ''[[Justifying Belief: Stanley Fish and the Work of Rhetoric]]''.  Albany: SUNY P, 2002.
*''Postmodern Sophistry: Stanley Fish and the Critical Enterprise''.  Ed. Gary Olson and Lynn Worsham.  Albany, NY: SUNY P, 2004.
*Owen, J. Judd. ''Religion and the Demise of Liberal Rationalism''.  Chapters 6&ndash;8 and "Appendix: A Reply to Stanley Fish." University of Chicago Press, 2001.
*Perez-Firmat, Gustavo: “Interpretive Assumptions and Interpreted Texts:  On a Poem by Stanley Fish,” Essays in Literature, 11 (1984), 145&ndash;52.
*Lang, Chris "The Reader-Response Theory of Stanley Fish"[http://www.xenos.org/essays/litthry4.htm]
*Landa, José Ángel García "Stanley E. Fish's Speech Acts"[https://web.archive.org/web/20100619041307/http://unizar.academia.edu/documents/0011/3625/Fish.pdf]
*Pierre Schlag, "Fish v. Zapp--The Case of the Relatively Autonomous Self," 76 Georgetown Law Journal 37 (1988) 

==External links==
{{Wikiquote}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110606043832/http://www.theminnesotareview.org/journal/ns52/fish.htm Interview with Stanley Fish] published in ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20110127192625/http://www.theminnesotareview.org/ The minnesota review]'' March 3, 2000.  Accessed December 23, 2006.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20051110092343/http://news.fiu.edu/releases/2005/06-29_stanleyfish.htm "Leading Professor Stanley Fish to Join FIU Law Faculty."]  Press release.  [[Florida International University]].  June 29, 2005.
*[http://www.press.jhu.edu/books/hopkins_guide_to_literary_theory/stanley_fish.html Stanley Fish] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051101203302/http://www.press.jhu.edu/books/hopkins_guide_to_literary_theory/stanley_fish.html |date=November 1, 2005 }} article published in the ''Johns Hopkins University Guide to Literary Theory & Criticism''.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060325151801/http://law.fiu.edu/faculty/faculty_fish.htm Stanley Fish].  [[Florida International University]] Law School faculty biography.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061107004252/http://fish.blogs.nytimes.com/ Stanley Fish's blog]  at ''[[The New York Times]]'' Editorial section.
*[http://www.stpt.usf.edu/hhl/radio/deconstruction.htm Stanley Fish on Deconstruction] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080906193820/http://www.stpt.usf.edu/hhl/radio/deconstruction.htm |date=September 6, 2008 }}.  Radio interview with program host, Hugh LaFollette.  WETS-FM.  [[University of San Francisco]].  n.d.  (Audio link.)
<!-- *''[http://www.mv.helsinki.fi/home/kniemela/fish.htm Stanley Fish Resources Center]''.  A self-published non-official website with links to various texts by and about Stanley Fish.  Accessed December 23, 2006. -->
*[http://orlabs.oclc.org/identities/lccn-n50-5269 WorldCat Identities page for Stanley Eugene Fish]
*{{C-SPAN|41077}}

;Archival collections
*[http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt08701714 Guide to the Stanley Fish Papers.] Special Collections and Archives, The UC Irvine Libraries, Irvine, California

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Fish, Stanley}}
[[Category:1938 births]]
[[Category:American academics of English literature]]
[[Category:American people of Polish-Jewish descent]]
[[Category:American literary critics]]
[[Category:American rhetoricians]]
[[Category:Duke University faculty]]
[[Category:Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences]]
[[Category:Florida International University faculty]]
[[Category:Johns Hopkins University faculty]]
[[Category:Literary critics of English]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:PEN/Diamonstein-Spielvogel Award winners]]
[[Category:Writers from Providence, Rhode Island]]
[[Category:University of California, Berkeley faculty]]
[[Category:University of Illinois Chicago faculty]]
[[Category:University of Pennsylvania alumni]]
[[Category:Yale University alumni]]
[[Category:Florida International University College of Law faculty]]