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Subgenus
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{{short description|Taxonomic rank below genus}} [[File:Subgenus Eoseristalis P1530902a.jpg|thumb|A [[hoverfly]] of the subgenus ''[[Eristalis]]'' (''Eoseristalis'')]] In [[biology]], a '''subgenus''' ({{plural form}} '''subgenera''') is a [[taxonomic rank]] directly below [[genus]]. In the [[International Code of Zoological Nomenclature]], a subgeneric name can be used independently or included in a [[binomen|species name]], in parentheses, placed between the [[name of a biological genus|generic]] name and the [[specific name (zoology)|specific epithet]]: e.g. the [[Cowry|tiger cowry]] of the Indo-Pacific, ''Cypraea'' (''Cypraea'') ''tigris'' <small>Linnaeus</small>, which belongs to the subgenus ''Cypraea'' of the genus ''Cypraea''. However, it is not mandatory, or even customary, when giving the name of a species, to include the subgeneric name. In the [[International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants]] (ICNafp), the subgenus is one of the possible subdivisions of a genus. There is no limit to the number of divisions that are permitted within a genus by adding the prefix "sub-" or in other ways as long as no confusion can result.<ref name=ICN>{{cite book |author1=McNeill, J. |author2=Barrie, F.R. |author3=Buck, W.R. |author4=Demoulin, V. |author5=Greuter, W. |author6=Hawksworth, D.L. |author7=Herendeen, P.S. |author8=Knapp, S. |author9=Marhold, K. |author10=Prado, J. |author11=Prud'homme Van Reine, W.F. |author12=Smith, G.F. |author13=Wiersema, J.H. |author14=Turland, N.J. |year=2012 |volume=Regnum Vegetabile 154 |title=International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code) adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne, Australia, July 2011 |publisher=A.R.G. Gantner Verlag KG |isbn=978-3-87429-425-6 |url=http://www.iapt-taxon.org/nomen/main.php?page=title}} Article 4</ref> The secondary ranks of [[Section (botany)|section]] and [[Series (botany)|series]] are subordinate to subgenus.<ref name=ICN/> An example is [[Banksia subg. Isostylis|''Banksia'' subg. ''Isostylis'']], a subgenus of the large Australian genus ''[[Banksia]]''.<ref name=George1984>{{cite book |first = Alex|last= George |year = 1996 |title = The Banksia Book |publisher = Kangaroo Press and The Society for Growing Australian Plants (NSW Region) |isbn = 0-86417-818-2}}</ref> The ICNafp requires an explicit "connecting term" to indicate the rank of the division within the genus.<ref>[[#cite_note-ICN-1|ICNafp]], Art. 21.1</ref> Connecting terms are usually abbreviated, e.g. "subg." for "subgenus", and are not italicized. In zoological nomenclature, when a genus is split into subgenera, the originally described population is retained as the "nominotypical subgenus" or "nominate subgenus", which repeats the same name as the genus. For example, ''Panthera'' (''Panthera'') ''pardus'', a [[leopard]]. In botanical nomenclature the same principle applies, although the terminology is different. Thus the subgenus that contains the original type of the genus ''Rhododendron'' is [[Rhododendron subg. Rhododendron|''Rhododendron'' subg. ''Rhododendron'']]. Such names are called "autonyms".<ref>[[#cite_note-ICN-1|ICNafp]], Art. 22.1</ref> ==See also== *[[Rank (botany)]] *[[Rank (zoology)]] ==References== {{reflist}} {{Taxonomic ranks}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Subgenus}} [[Category:Botanical nomenclature]] [[Category:Plant taxonomy]] [[Category:Zoological nomenclature|rank19]] [[Category:Bacterial nomenclature]]
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