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{{Short description|Part of a larger geographical region or continent}} [[File:United Nations geographical subregions.png|thumb|400px|right|The [[United Nations geoscheme]], created by the [[United Nations Statistics Division]]. For statistical consistency and convenience, each [[country]] or area is shown in one continental subregion only. For example, [[Russia]] (a [[list of transcontinental countries|transcontinental country]] in both [[Eastern Europe]] and [[North Asia|Northern Asia]]) has been included in [[Eastern Europe]] only.]] A '''subregion''' is a part of a larger geographical [[region]] or [[continent]]. [[Cardinal direction]]s are commonly used to define subregions. There are many criteria for creating systems of subregions; this article is focusing on the [[United Nations geoscheme]], which is a changing, constantly updated, UN tool based on specific [[political geography]] and [[demography]] considerations relevant in UN statistics. == United Nations subregions == {{Main|United Nations geoscheme}} {{Further|List of countries and territories by the United Nations geoscheme}} The [[United Nations Statistics Division|Statistics Division]] of the [[United Nations]] (UN) is in charge of the collection, processing, and dissemination of statistical information for the UN.<ref>[http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd/aboutus.htm United Nations Statistics Division - About Us]</ref> In 1999, it developed a system of macro-geographical (continental) regions, subregions, and other selected economic groups to report advances towards achieving numerous [[Millennium Development Goals]] worldwide. These [[United Nations geoscheme|statistical divisions]] were devised for statistical purposes and is used for carrying out statistical analysis.<ref>[http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49regin.htm United Nations Statistics Division - Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications]</ref> The division's first publication was the book ''World's Women 2000: Trends and Statistics'' in 2000. According to the UN, the assignment of countries or areas to specific groupings is for statistical convenience and does not imply any assumption regarding political or other affiliation of countries or territories.<ref>[http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49.htm Standard country or area codes and geographical regions for statistical use]</ref> == Subregions by landmass and continent == The following is a non-exhaustive list of subregions, arranged alphabetically by region (i.e., by continent); in the UN geoscheme, higher-level, macro-geographical regions are arranged to the extent possible according to continents. '''Sequence''' used in the list (not all criteria are applied to each continent): *by the UN Statistics Division's geoscheme *by geography *by physiography *by geopolitics *by human geography *by economics *by culture *by language *by religion *by biogeography *by historical division *by geology === [[Afro-Eurasia]] === [[Afro-Eurasia]] is a continental [[landmass]] comprising the [[continent]]s of [[Africa]], [[Asia]], and [[Europe]]. ==== [[Africa]] ==== * ''by the United Nations Statistics Division's geoscheme (see also: [[United Nations geoscheme for Africa|UN geoscheme for Africa]]):'' ** [[North Africa|Northern Africa]] ** [[Sub-Saharan Africa]] *** [[East Africa|Eastern Africa]] *** [[Central Africa|Middle Africa]] *** [[Southern Africa]] *** [[West Africa|Western Africa]] * ''by geography:'' ** [[North Africa]] (Also known as [[Sahara|Saharan Africa]]) *** [[Maghreb]] (AKA [[Maghreb|Northwest Africa]], also including [[Mauritania]], which most geographers consider as a part of [[West Africa]]; some geographers consider [[Libya]] as a part of Northeast Africa and [[Western Sahara]] as a part of [[West Africa]]) *** [[Northeast Africa]] (including [[Egypt]], the [[Horn of Africa]], and [[the Sudans]]; some geographers consider [[Egypt]], [[Libya]], and the [[Sudan]] as Northeast Africa instead) ** [[Sub-Saharan Africa]] (AKA [[Tropical Africa]]) *** [[Central Africa]] (AKA [[Congo Basin|Congo]], [[Equatorial Africa]] or [[Central Africa|Middle Africa]]) *** [[East Africa]] (AKA [[Nile Basin|Nile]]) **** [[Northeast Africa]] (including [[Egypt]], the [[Horn of Africa]], and [[the Sudans]]; some geographers consider [[Egypt]], [[Libya]], and the [[Sudan]] as Northeast Africa instead) ***** [[Horn of Africa]] **** [[Southeast Africa]] (also including [[Botswana]], [[Eswatini]] and [[Lesotho]], which most geographers consider as part of [[Southern Africa]]) *** [[Southern Africa]] (AKA [[Kalahari Basin|Kalahari]]) *** [[West Africa]] (AKA [[Niger River|Niger]]) **** [[Guinea (region)]] **** [[Sudan (region)]] * ''by physiography:'' ** [[Congo Basin]] ** [[Kalahari Basin]] *** [[Kalahari Desert]] ** [[Namib]] ** [[Nile Basin]] ** [[Sahara]] ** [[Sahel]] ** [[Sudanian savanna]] *** [[East Sudanian savanna]] **** [[Sudd]] *** [[West Sudanian savanna]] * ''by economics:'' ** [[African Monetary Union]] (AMU) ** [[Arab League]] (including some [[West Asia]]n countries) ** [[Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa]] (COMESA) ** [[Common Monetary Area]] (CMA) ** [[Community of Sahel–Saharan States]] (CEN-SAD) ** [[Council of Arab Economic Unity]] (GAFTA) – including some [[West Asia]]n countries ** [[Economic Community of Central African States]] (ECCAS) ** [[Economic Community of West African States]] (ECOWAS) ** [[Europe, the Middle East and Africa|EMEA]] (including [[Europe]] and the [[Middle East]]) ** [[Southern African Customs Union]] (SACU) ** [[Southern African Development Community]] (SADC) ** [[Union for the Mediterranean]] (including most [[Southern Europe]]an countries and some [[West Asia]]n countries) * ''by biogeography:'' ** [[Macaronesia]] * ''by historical division:'' ** [[Negroland]] * ''by geology:'' ** [[Kaapvaal craton]] ** [[Zimbabwe craton|Zimbabwe Craton]] ==== [[Eurasia]] ==== [[Eurasia]] is a continental [[mainland]] comprising the [[continent]]s of [[Asia]] and [[Europe]]. ===== [[Asia]] ===== * ''by the United Nations Statistics Division's geoscheme (see also: [[United Nations geoscheme for Asia|UN geoscheme for Asia]]):'' ** [[Central Asia]] ** [[East Asia|Eastern Asia]] ** [[Southeast Asia|South-eastern Asia]] ** [[South Asia|Southern Asia]] – the UN geoscheme includes [[Afghanistan]] and [[Iran]] in this subregion ** [[West Asia|Western Asia]] – the UN geoscheme includes [[Cyprus]], the [[South Caucasus]] ([[Armenia]], [[Azerbaijan]], and [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]), and [[Turkey]] in this subregion * ''by geography:'' ** [[Central Asia]] ** [[East Asia]] *** [[Greater China]] **** [[China]] ***** [[Hong Kong]] (some geographers consider it as a part of [[Northeast Asia]]) ***** [[Macau]] (some geographers consider it as a part of [[Northeast Asia]]) ***** [[Mainland China]] (some geographers consider it as a part of [[Northeast Asia]]) ****** [[North China]] (Eastern [[Inner Mongolia]] is also a part of [[Northeast China]]) ****** [[Northeast China]] (AKA [[Manchuria]]) – also a part of [[Northeast Asia]] ****** [[List of regions of China|Southeast China]] (excluding [[Central China]]) ******* [[East China]] (some geographers include [[geography of Taiwan|Taiwan Island]], [[Penghu]], [[Kinmen]], the [[Matsu Islands]], [[Socotra Rock]], [[Parangcho]], and the [[Senkaku Islands]] in this subregion) ******* [[South Central China]] ******** [[Central China]] ******** [[South China]] (including [[Hainan|Hainan Island]] and the [[South China Sea Islands]], some geographers also include [[Hong Kong]] and [[Macau]] in this subregion) ****** [[Western China]] ******* [[Northwest China]] (some geographers consider [[Qinghai]] and [[Xinjiang]] as part of [[Central Asia]]) ******* [[Southwest China]] (some geographers consider [[Tibet Autonomous Region|Tibet]] as a part of [[Central Asia]]) **** [[South China Sea Islands]] (some geographers consider them as part of [[Northeast Asia]]) ***** [[Paracel Islands]] ***** [[Pratas Island]] ***** [[Spratly Islands]] ****** [[James Shoal]] (undersea feature) ****** [[Taiping Island]] ****** [[Zhongzhou Reef]] ***** [[Zhongsha Islands]] ****** [[Macclesfield Bank]] ******* [[Walker Shoal]] ****** [[Scarborough Shoal]] **** [[Taiwan]] (some geographers consider it as a part of [[Northeast Asia]]) *** [[Mongolia]] (some geographers consider it as a part of [[Central Asia]] or [[Northeast Asia]]) *** [[Northeast Asia]] **** [[China]] ***** Eastern [[Inner Mongolia]] ***** [[Northeast China]] (AKA [[Manchuria]]) **** [[Japan]] ***** [[Daitō Islands]] ***** [[Mainland Japan]] ****** [[Hokkaido]] ****** [[Honshu]] ****** [[Kyushu]] ****** [[Shikoku]] ***** [[Nanpō Islands]] ***** [[Ryukyu Islands]] **** [[Korea]] ***** [[North Korea]] ***** [[South Korea]] **** [[Russian Far East]] (also a part of [[North Asia]], but not a part of [[East Asia]]) ***** [[Outer Manchuria]] ** [[North Asia]] (AKA [[Siberia]]) *** [[Russian Far East]] (also a part of [[Northeast Asia]]) **** [[Outer Manchuria]] ** [[South Asia]] *** [[Eastern South Asia]] *** [[Northern South Asia]] *** [[Northwestern South Asia]] **** [[Northwestern Indian subcontinent]] *** [[Southern South Asia]] *** [[India]] **** [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]] **** [[Lakshadweep]] **** [[Mainland India]] ***** [[Central India]] ***** [[East India]] ***** [[Northeast India]] ***** [[North India]] ****** [[Northwest India]] ***** [[South India]] (AKA [[South India|Peninsular India]], including the [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]] and [[Lakshadweep]]) ***** [[Western India]] ** [[Southeast Asia]] *** [[Mainland Southeast Asia]] **** [[Malay Peninsula]] ***** [[Peninsular Malaysia]] ***** [[Southern Thailand]] ***** [[Tanintharyi Region]] *** [[Maritime Southeast Asia]] **** [[Borneo]] (including [[Labuan]]) ***** [[Brunei]] ***** [[East Malaysia]] ****** [[Labuan]] ****** [[Sabah]] ****** [[Sarawak]] ***** [[Kalimantan]] ** [[West Asia]] (AKA [[West Asia|Southwest Asia]]) *** [[Anatolia]] (AKA [[Anatolia|Asia Minor]]) *** [[Arabian Peninsula|Arabia]] **** [[Eastern Arabia]] **** [[Hejaz]] (AKA [[Hejaz|Western Arabia]]) **** [[Najd]] (AKA [[Najd|Central Arabia]]) **** [[South Arabia]] *** [[Levant]] **** [[Southern Levant]] *** [[Mesopotamia]] *** [[South Caucasus]] (AKA [[South Caucasus|Transcaucasia]]) * ''by physiography:'' ** [[Anatolia|Anatolian Peninsula]] ** [[Arabian Peninsula]] *** [[Najd|Central Plateau]] *** [[South Arabia|Indian Ocean Coast]] *** [[Eastern Arabia|Persian Gulf Coast]] *** [[Hejaz|Red Sea Coast]] ** [[Bahrain Island]] ** [[Caucasus Mountains]] *** [[Greater Caucasus]] *** [[Lesser Caucasus]] ** [[Daitō Islands]] ** [[Eurasian Steppe]] ** [[Fertile Crescent]] *** [[Mesopotamia]] ** [[Hainan|Hainan Island]] ** [[Himalayas]] *** [[Eastern Himalaya]] *** [[Western Himalaya]] **** [[Siachen Glacier]] ** [[Indian subcontinent]] *** [[Deccan Plateau]] ** [[Mainland Southeast Asia|Indochinese Peninsula]] ** [[Indo-Gangetic Plain]] ** [[Indus River|Indus Valley]] ** [[Iranian Plateau]] ** [[Japanese Archipelago]] *** [[Hokkaido]] *** [[Honshu]] *** [[Kuril Islands]] *** [[Kyushu]] *** [[Ryukyu Islands]] **** [[Okinawa Island]] *** [[Sakhalin|Sakhalin Island]] *** [[Shikoku]] ** [[Jeju Island]] ** [[Junggar Basin]] ** [[Kolyma]] ** [[Geography of Korea|Korean Peninsula]] ** [[Leizhou Peninsula]] ** [[Liaodong Peninsula]] ** [[Malay Archipelago]] (including [[New Guinea]]) *** [[List of islands of Indonesia|Indonesian Archipelago]] **** [[Maluku Islands]] **** [[Sunda Islands]] ***** [[Greater Sunda Islands]] ****** [[Borneo]] ****** [[Java]] ****** [[Sulawesi]] ****** [[Sumatra]] ***** [[Lesser Sunda Islands]] ****** [[Alor Archipelago]] ****** [[Bali]] ****** [[Barat Daya Islands]] ****** [[Flores]] ****** [[Komodo (island)|Komodo]] ****** [[Lombok]] ****** [[Sumba]] ****** [[Sumbawa]] ****** [[Tanimbar Islands]] ****** [[Timor]] *** [[List of islands of the Philippines|Philippine Archipelago]] **** [[Luzon]] **** [[Mindanao]] **** [[Visayas|Visayan Islands]] ** [[Mongolian Plateau]] ** [[Nanpō Islands]] *** [[Bonin Islands]] *** [[Volcano Islands]] ** [[Qinghai Lake]] ** [[Shandong Peninsula]] ** [[Sichuan Basin]] ** [[Geography of Sri Lanka|Sri Lanka Island]] ** [[Geography of Taiwan|Taiwan Island]] ** [[Tarim Basin]] * ''by geopolitics:'' ** [[Asia-Pacific]] (APAC) – including [[Oceania]] *** [[Far East]]/[[Pacific Asia]] **** [[Greater China]] ***** [[China proper]] ***** [[Inner Mongolia]] ***** [[Manchuria]] ***** [[Tibet]] ***** [[Xinjiang]] **** [[Mainland Southeast Asia|Indochinese Peninsula]] **** [[Japan|Japanese Archipelago]] **** [[Korea|Korean Peninsula]] **** [[Malay Archipelago]] **** [[Russian Far East]] ** [[Greater Middle East]] – including some [[Africa|African]] countries *** [[MENA|Middle East and North Africa]] (AKA [[MENA]]) – including [[North Africa]]n countries **** [[Middle East]] (AKA the [[Near East]]) – including [[Egypt]] ***** [[Arab League]] (AKA the [[member states of the Arab League|Arab states]]) – including some [[Africa|African]] countries ****** [[Mashriq]] – including [[Egypt]] and the [[Sudan]] ******* [[Arabian Peninsula]] ******* [[Levant]] – including [[Syria (region)|Ash-Shām]] and [[Cyprus]] ******* [[Mesopotamia]] (modern-day [[Iraq]]) ***** [[Anatolia|Asia Minor]] ***** [[South Caucasus]] (AKA [[South Caucasus|Transcaucasia]]) *** [[Soviet Central Asia|The 'stans]] ** [[Indian subcontinent]] *** [[Himalayan states]] – including [[China]] **** [[Eastern Himalaya]] **** [[Western Himalaya]] *** [[Kashmir]] * ''by economics:'' ** [[Arab League]] – including some [[Africa|African]] countries ** [[ASEAN Free Trade Area]] ** [[Asia Cooperation Dialogue]] (ACD) – including [[Russia]] ** [[Asian Clearing Union]] (ACU) ** [[Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation]] (APEC) – including [[Oceania]] ** [[ASEAN|Association of Southeast Asian Nations]] (ASEAN) ** [[Bamboo network]] ** [[BBIN|Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal Initiative]] (BBIN) ** [[Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation]] (BIMSTEC) ** [[Council of Arab Economic Unity]] (GAFTA) – including some [[Africa|African]] countries ** [[Europe, the Middle East and Africa|EMEA]] (including [[Africa]] and [[Europe]]) ** [[Eurasian Customs Union]] (ECU) – including [[Belarus]] ** [[Eurasian Economic Union]] (EEU) – including [[Belarus]] ** [[Greater Mekong Subregion]] ** [[Gulf Cooperation Council]] (GCC) ** [[South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation]] (SAARC) ** [[South Asian Free Trade Area]] (SAFTA) ** [[South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation]] (SASEC) ** [[Union for the Mediterranean]] (including most [[Southern Europe]]an countries and [[North Africa]]n countries) * ''by culture:'' ** [[Eastern world]] *** [[East Asian cultural sphere]] **** [[Greater China]] ***** [[Heihe–Tengchong Line|Eastern and western China]] ****** [[Northern and southern China]] ******* [[China proper]] ******* [[Manchuria]] **** [[Japan]] **** [[Korea]] **** [[Nanyang (region)|Nanyang]] **** [[Vietnam]] **** [[Greater India]] ***** Eastern [[Afghanistan]] ***** [[Indian subcontinent]] ****** [[Himalayan states]] ******* [[Indian Himalayan Region]] ***** [[Mainland Southeast Asia]] ***** [[Maritime Southeast Asia]] ***** [[Tibet]] ***** [[Yunnan]] *** [[Mongols|Greater Mongolia]] **** [[Inner Mongolia]] **** [[Mongolia]] ([[Outer Mongolia]]) ** [[Muslim world]] (AKA the [[Muslim world|Islamic world]]) *** [[Arab world]] **** [[Mashriq]] ***** [[Arabian Peninsula|Arabia]] ****** [[Eastern Arabia|Al-Bahrain]] ****** [[Al-Yamama]] ****** [[Hadhramaut]] ****** [[Tihamah]] *** [[Malay world]] **** [[Greater Indonesia]] ***** [[Nusantara (archipelago)|Nusantara]] *** Turkic world **** [[Azerbaijan]] **** [[Soviet Central Asia]] (excluding [[Tajikistan]]) **** [[Turkey]] **** [[Xinjiang]] ***** [[Dzungaria]] (northern half of Xinjiang) ***** [[Southern Xinjiang]] ***[[Greater Iran]] ****[[Greater Khorasan]] * ''by religion:'' ** [[Abrahamic religions]] ([[Abrahamic religions|West Asian religions]] or [[Western religions]]) ** [[Eastern religions]] *** [[Indian religions|Dharmic religions]] ([[Indian religions]]) *** [[East Asian religions|Taoic religions]] ([[East Asian religions]] or [[East Asian religions|Far Eastern religions]]) * ''by biogeography:'' ** [[Eastern Asia (WGSRPD)|Eastern Asia]] ** [[Malesia]] * ''by historical division:'' ** [[East Indies]] (AKA the [[East Indies|Indies]]) *** [[Farther India]] (AKA [[Farther India|Ultraindia]]) **** [[Mainland Southeast Asia|Indochina]] **** [[Malay Archipelago#Insulindia|Insulindia]] * ''by geology:'' ** [[Izu–Bonin–Mariana Arc]] ** [[Kuril Islands|Kuril Island Arc]] ** [[Northeastern Japan Arc]] ** [[Ryukyu Islands|Ryukyu Island Arc]] ** [[Sakhalin Island Arc]] ** [[Southwestern Japan Arc]] ===== [[Europe]] ===== * ''by the United Nations Statistics Division's geoscheme (see also: [[United Nations geoscheme for Europe|UN geoscheme for Europe]]):'' ** [[Eastern Europe]] – the UN geoscheme includes parts of [[Central Europe]] ([[Czech Republic|Czechia]], [[Hungary]], [[Poland]], and [[Slovakia]]), parts of [[Southeast Europe|South-eastern Europe]] ([[Bulgaria]] and [[Romania]]), and [[North Asia|Northern Asia]] ([[Siberia]]) in this subregion ** [[Northern Europe]] – the UN geoscheme includes the [[Baltic states]], the [[British Isles]], and the [[Channel Islands]] in this subregion ** [[Southern Europe]] – the UN geoscheme includes [[Slovenia]] in this subregion ** [[Western Europe]] – the UN geoscheme includes parts of [[Central Europe]] (the [[Geographical distribution of German speakers#German-speaking Europe|DACH countries]] and [[Liechtenstein]]) in this subregion * ''by geography:'' ** [[Central and Eastern Europe]] *** [[Central Europe]] *** [[Eastern Europe]] **** [[Caucasus]] ***** [[North Caucasus]] (aka [[North Caucasus|Ciscaucasia]]) ***** [[South Caucasus]] (aka [[South Caucasus|Transcaucasia]]) – a subregion of [[West Asia]] ** [[Northern Europe]] *** [[Nordic countries|North-central Europe]] **** [[Scandinavia]] *** [[Baltic region|North-eastern Europe]] *** [[Northwestern Europe|North-western Europe]] ** [[Southern Europe]] *** [[Italy (geographical region)|South-central Europe]] **** [[Italian Peninsula|Apennine Peninsula]] (aka the [[Italian Peninsula]]) **** [[Malta]] *** [[Southeast Europe|South-eastern Europe]] **** [[Balkans|Balkan Peninsula]] (aka the [[Balkans]]) **** [[Romania]] *** [[Iberian Peninsula|South-western Europe]] **** [[Balearic Islands]] **** [[Iberian Peninsula]] (aka [[Iberian Peninsula|Iberia]]) **** [[Southern France]] ** [[Western Europe]] * ''by physiography:'' ** [[Italian Peninsula|Apennine Peninsula]] (aka the [[Italian Peninsula]]) ** [[Balkans|Balkan Peninsula]] ** [[British Isles]] *** [[Great Britain]] *** [[Hebrides]] *** [[Ireland]] *** [[Isle of Man]] *** [[Isle of Wight]] ** [[Caucasus Mountains]] *** [[Greater Caucasus]] *** [[Lesser Caucasus]] – A part of [[West Asia]] ** [[Channel Islands]] *** [[Bailiwick of Guernsey|Guernsey]] *** [[Jersey]] ** [[Eurasian Steppe]] ** [[Fennoscandia|Fennoscandian Peninsula]] *** [[Kola Peninsula]] *** [[Scandinavian Peninsula]] ** [[European Plain|Great European Plain]] *** [[East European Plain]] ** [[Iberian Peninsula]] ** [[Mediterranean Basin]] * ''by geopolitics:'' ** [[East-Central Europe]] ** [[Eastern Europe]] *** [[Post-Soviet states]] **** [[Baltic states]] **** [[Commonwealth of Independent States]] ***** [[Union State]] ****** [[North Caucasus]] **** [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]] **** [[Ukraine]] ** [[:de:Westmitteleuropa#Weitere Verwendung des Begriffes|West-Central Europe]] {{in lang|de}} ** [[Western Europe]] *** [[European Union]] (EU) *** [[NATO]] *** [[North Sea Commission]] (NSC) * ''by economics:'' ** [[Central European Free Trade Agreement]] (CEFTA) ** [[Commonwealth of Independent States Free Trade Area]] (CISFTA) – including [[Armenia]] and most [[Central Asia|Central Asian]] countries ** [[Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement]] (CETA) – including [[Canada]] ** [[Europe, the Middle East and Africa|EMEA]] (including [[Africa]] and the [[Middle East]]) ** [[Eurasian Customs Union]] (EACU) – including [[Armenia]] and [[Kyrgyzstan]] ** [[Eurasian Economic Union]] (EAEU) – including [[Armenia]] and [[Kyrgyzstan]] ** [[European Economic Area]] (EEA) – including [[Cyprus]] ** [[European Free Trade Association]] (EFTA) ** [[European Single Market]] (including [[Cyprus]]) ** [[European Union Customs Union]] (EUCU) – including [[Cyprus]] and [[Turkey]] ** [[European Union–Turkey Customs Union]] (including [[Cyprus]] and [[Turkey]]) ** [[Eurozone]] (including [[Cyprus]]) ** [[North Sea Region]] (NSR) ** [[Union for the Mediterranean]] (UfM) – including some [[West Asia]]n countries and most [[North Africa]]n countries ** [[Union State]] * ''by culture:'' ** [[Balkans]] *** [[Balkans|Eastern Balkans]] *** [[Balkans#Western Balkans|Western Balkans]] ** [[Baltic states]] ** [[Benelux]] *** [[Belgium]] *** [[Netherlands]] *** [[Luxembourg]] ** [[Mediterranean Basin|Mediterranean Region]] ** [[Nordic countries]] and [[Karelia]] ** [[North Sea Region]] ** [[Laponia (historical province)|Lapland]], since 1809 divided into [[Laponia (historical province of Finland)|Finnish Lapland]] and [[Lapland (Sweden)|Swedish Lapland]] ** [[Scandinavia]] ** [[Visegrád Group]] * ''by language:'' ** [[Celtic nations|Celtic-speaking Europe]] ** [[Germanic-speaking Europe]] *** [[Geographical distribution of German speakers#German-speaking Europe|DACH countries]] **** [[Germany]] ([[Germany|Deutschland]]) **** [[Austria]] **** [[Switzerland]] ([[Switzerland|Confoederatio Helvetica]]) ** [[Romance languages|Romance-speaking Europe]] (aka [[Languages of Europe#Romance|Latin Europe]]) ** [[Slavic languages#Branches|Slavic-speaking Europe]] * ''by religion:'' ** [[Eastern religions]] *** [[Indian religions]] **** [[Buddhism in Europe]] ([[Kalmykia]]) ** [[Western religions]] ([[Abrahamic religions]] or [[Abrahamic religions|West Asian religions]]) *** [[Christianity in Europe]] **** [[Catholic Church in Europe|Catholicism in Europe]] **** [[Eastern Orthodoxy in Europe]] **** [[Christianity in Europe#Denominations|Protestantism in Europe]] *** [[Islam in Europe]] * ''by biogeography:'' ** [[Mediterranean Basin|Mediterranean Region]] * ''by historical division:'' ** [[Celts|Celtic tribes]] ** [[East–West Schism]] *** [[Catholic Church]] *** [[Eastern Orthodox Church]] ** [[Germanic peoples|Germanic tribes]] ** [[Greco-Roman world]] *** [[Hellenistic period|Hellenistic world]] *** [[Roman Empire]] **** [[Eastern Roman Empire]] **** [[Western Roman Empire]] ** [[Iranian peoples|Iranian tribes]] ** [[Iron Curtain]] *** [[Eastern Bloc]] *** [[Western Bloc]] ** [[Reformation]] ([[Protestantism]]) ** [[Slavs|Slavic tribes]] ** [[Turkic peoples|Turkic tribes]] * ''by geology:'' ** [[Alpine orogeny]] ** [[East European craton]] *** [[Baltic Shield]] *** [[Ukrainian Shield]] === [[Americas]] === {{See also|Americas (terminology)}} The [[Americas]] is a continental [[landmass]] comprising the [[continent]]s of [[North America]] and [[South America]]. * ''by the United Nations Statistics Division's geoscheme (see also: [[United Nations geoscheme for the Americas|UN geoscheme for the Americas]]):'' ** [[Latin America and the Caribbean]] *** [[Caribbean]]<ref name=subreg>These three subregions together form the [[continent]] of [[North America]].</ref> – the UN includes the [[Lucayan Archipelago]] in this subregion *** [[Central America]]<ref name=subreg /> – the UN geoscheme includes [[Mexico]] in this subregion *** [[Middle America (Americas)|Middle America]] *** [[South America]] ** [[Northern America]]<ref name=subreg /> * ''by culture:'' ** [[Anglo-America]] ** [[Latin America]] *** [[French America]] *** [[Ibero-America]] **** [[Hispanic America]] **** [[Portuguese colonization of the Americas|Portuguese America]] * ''by economics:'' ** [[Community of Latin American and Caribbean States]] (CELAC) ==== [[North America]] ==== * ''by geography:'' ** [[Middle America (Americas)|Middle America]] *** [[Caribbean|Caribbean (Insular America)]] **** [[Isla de Aves|Aves Island]] **** [[West Indies]] ***** [[Antilles]] ****** [[Greater Antilles]] ******* [[Hispaniola]] ****** [[Lesser Antilles]] ******* [[Leeward Islands]] ******** [[Saint Martin (island)|Saint Martin island]] ******** [[SSS islands]] ******** [[Virgin Islands]] ********* [[British Virgin Islands]] ********* [[Spanish Virgin Islands]] ********* [[United States Virgin Islands]] ******** [[Leeward Antilles]] ********* [[ABC islands (Leeward Antilles)|ABC islands]] ******** [[Windward Islands]] ***** [[Lucayan Archipelago]] **** [[Central America]] ***** [[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina|San Andrés and Providencia]] ****** ''[[Bajo Nuevo Bank]]'' ****** ''[[Serranilla Bank]]'' **** [[Mexico]] ** [[Northern America]] *** [[Bermuda]] *** [[Canada]] **** [[Eastern Canada]] ***** [[Atlantic Canada]] ****** [[The Maritimes]] ***** [[Central Canada]] **** [[Northern Canada]] ***** [[Arctic Archipelago|Canadian Arctic Archipelago]] **** [[Western Canada]] ***** [[Canadian Prairies]] ***** [[British Columbia|West Coast]] *** [[Greenland]] *** [[Saint Pierre and Miquelon]] *** [[United States]] (excluding [[Hawaii]]) **** [[Alaska]] **** [[Contiguous United States]] ***** [[Central United States]] ****** [[Middle America (United States)]] ****** [[Midwestern United States]] ***** [[Eastern United States]] ****** [[Northeastern United States]] ****** [[Southeastern United States]] ***** [[Northern United States]] ****** [[Great Lakes region]] (including [[Ontario]], [[Canada]]) ***** [[Southern United States]] ****** [[South Central United States]] ***** [[Western United States]] (including [[Alaska]] and [[Hawaii]]) ****** [[Northwestern United States]] ****** [[Southwestern United States]] (some geographers include the [[Oklahoma Panhandle]] and [[West Texas]] in this subregion) * ''by physiography:'' ** [[Atlantic coastal plain]] ** [[Atlantic Seaboard Fall Line]] ** [[East Coast of the United States]] ** [[Great Basin]] ** [[Great Basin Desert]] ** [[Great Lakes]] ** [[Great Lakes Basin]] ** [[Great Plains]] ** [[Gulf Coast of the United States]] ** [[Piedmont (United States)|Piedmont]] ** [[West Coast of the United States]] * ''by geopolitics:'' ** [[Dutch Caribbean]] *** [[Caribbean Netherlands]] (AKA the [[Caribbean Netherlands|BES islands]]) ** [[Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States]] ** [[Red states and blue states]] ** [[Western Caribbean zone]] * ''by economics:'' ** [[Caribbean Community|Caribbean Community (CARICOM)]] ** [[Central America Free Trade Agreement|Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA)]] ** [[Great Lakes Megalopolis]] ** [[Mesoamerican region]] ** [[North American Free Trade Agreement|North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)]] ** [[Northeast megalopolis]] ** [[Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States]] ** [[Petrocaribe]] * ''by culture:'' ** [[Heartland (United States)]] ** [[Mesoamerica]] ** [[Oasisamerica]] * ''by biogeography:'' ** [[Aridoamerica]] * ''by geology:'' ** [[Canadian Shield]] ** [[North American craton]] ** [[Slave craton]] ** [[Superior craton]] ** [[Wyoming craton]] ==== [[South America]] ==== * ''by geography:'' ** Eastern South America: [[Brazil|Federative Republic of Brazil]] ** Northern South America – the part of South America located in the [[Northern Hemisphere]] *** North-eastern South America: [[The Guianas]] *** North-western South America: [[Caribbean South America]] ** Southern South America: [[Southern Cone]] ** Western South America: [[Andean Community|Andean States]] * ''by physiography:'' ** [[Altiplano]] ** [[Amazon basin]] ** [[Amazon rainforest]] ** [[Andes]] ** [[Brazilian Highlands]] ** [[Gran Chaco]] ** [[Pampa]] ** [[Pantanal]] ** [[Patagonia]] * ''by economics:'' ** [[Andean Community]] ** [[Mercosur]] ** [[Union of South American Nations]] * ''by geology:'' ** [[Guiana Shield]] === [[Antarctica]] === * ''by the United Nations Statistics Division's geoscheme:'' ** [[Antarctica]] * ''by geography:'' ** [[List of Antarctic and Subantarctic islands|Antarctic and Subantarctic islands]] *** [[Bouvet Island]] (some geographers consider it as a part of [[South America]]) *** [[French Southern and Antarctic Lands|French Southern Territories]] (excluding ''[[Adélie Land]]'' and the [[Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean|Scattered Islands]]) **** [[Crozet Islands]] (some geographers consider them as part of [[Africa]]) **** [[Kerguelen Islands]] (some geographers consider them as part of [[Africa]]) **** [[Île Saint-Paul|Saint Paul]] and [[Île Amsterdam|Amsterdam Islands]] (some geographers consider them as part of [[Africa]]) *** [[Heard Island and McDonald Islands]] (some geographers consider them as part of [[Oceania]]) *** [[Macquarie Island]] (some geographers consider it as a part of [[Oceania]]) *** [[New Zealand Subantarctic Islands]] (some geographers consider them as part of [[Oceania]]) **** [[Antipodes Islands]] **** [[Auckland Islands]] **** [[Bounty Islands]] **** [[Campbell Islands]] **** [[Snares Islands / Tini Heke|Snares Islands]] *** [[Peter I Island]] *** [[Prince Edward Islands]] (some geographers consider them as part of [[Africa]]) *** [[South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]] (some geographers consider them as part of [[South America]]) *** [[South Orkney Islands]] *** [[South Shetland Islands]] ** [[Antarctica|Mainland Antarctica]] *** [[East Antarctica]] *** [[Transantarctic Mountains]] *** [[West Antarctica]] **** [[Antarctic Peninsula]] === [[Oceania]] === * ''by the United Nations Statistics Division's geoscheme (see also: [[United Nations geoscheme for Oceania|UN geoscheme for Oceania]]):'' ** [[Australasia|Australia and New Zealand]] – the UN geoscheme includes the [[Cato Reef|Cato]], [[Elizabeth Reef|Elizabeth]], and [[Middleton Reef|Middleton]] reefs, the [[Lord Howe Island|Lord Howe Island Group]], and [[Norfolk Island]] in this subregion ** [[Melanesia]] – the UN geoscheme includes [[New Caledonia]] and [[New Guinea]] in this subregion ** [[Micronesia]] ** [[Polynesia]] – the UN excludes [[New Zealand]] from this subregion * ''by geography:'' ** [[Australasia]] *** [[Australia (continent)|Australia–New Guinea]] **** [[Australia]] (excluding the [[Australian Indian Ocean Territories]], [[Heard Island and McDonald Islands]] and [[Norfolk Island]]) ***** [[Ashmore and Cartier Islands]] ***** [[Coral Sea Islands|Coral Sea Islands Territory]] (excluding the [[Cato Reef|Cato]], [[Elizabeth Reef|Elizabeth]], and [[Middleton Reef|Middleton]] reefs) ***** [[Mainland Australia]] ****** [[Australian Capital Territory]] ****** [[Jervis Bay Territory]] ****** [[New South Wales]] (excluding the [[Lord Howe Island|Lord Howe Island Group]]) ****** [[Northern Territory]] ****** [[Queensland]] ****** [[South Australia]] ****** [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] ****** [[Western Australia]] ***** [[Tasmania]] (excluding [[Macquarie Island]]) **** [[New Guinea]] (some geographers consider it as a part of [[Melanesia]]) ***** [[Papua New Guinea]] (excluding the [[Islands Region|New Guinea Islands Region]]) ***** [[Western New Guinea]] ****** [[Papua (province)|Papua]] ****** [[West Papua (province)|West Papua]] *** [[Australian Indian Ocean Territories]] **** [[Christmas Island]] **** [[Cocos (Keeling) Islands]] *** [[Heard Island and McDonald Islands]] **** [[Heard Island and McDonald Islands#Geography|Heard Island]] **** [[McDonald Islands (Australia)|McDonald Islands]] *** [[Macquarie Island]] *** [[Zealandia]] **** [[Cato Reef]] **** [[Elizabeth Reef]] **** [[Lord Howe Island|Lord Howe Island Group]] **** [[Middleton Reef]] **** [[New Caledonia]] (also a part of [[Melanesia]]) **** [[New Zealand]] (some geographers consider it as a part of [[Polynesia]]) ***** [[New Zealand outlying islands]] (excluding the [[Kermadec Islands]]) ****** [[Chatham Islands]] ****** [[New Zealand Subantarctic Islands]] ******* [[Antipodes Islands]] ******* [[Auckland Islands]] ******* [[Bounty Islands]] ******* [[Campbell Islands]] ******* [[Snares Islands / Tini Heke|Snares Islands]] ****** [[Solander Islands]] ****** [[Three Kings Islands / Manawatāwhi|Three Kings Islands]] **** [[Norfolk Island]] ** [[List of islands in the Pacific Ocean|Pacific Islands]] *** [[Melanesia]] (some geographers consider it as a part of [[Australasia]]) **** [[Island Melanesia]] ***** [[Fiji]] (excluding [[Rotuma]]) ***** [[New Caledonia]] (also a part of [[Zealandia]]) ***** [[Islands Region|New Guinea Islands Region]] (excluding [[Autonomous Region of Bougainville|Bougainville]]) ***** [[Santa Cruz Islands]] ***** [[Solomon Islands (archipelago)]] ****** [[Autonomous Region of Bougainville|Bougainville]] ****** [[Solomon Islands]] (excluding the [[Santa Cruz Islands]]) ***** [[Vanuatu]] **** [[New Guinea]] (also a part of [[Australia (continent)|Australia–New Guinea]]) *** [[Micronesia]] (some geographers include the [[Bonin Islands]] and the [[Volcano Islands]] in this subregion) **** [[Mariana Islands]] ***** [[Guam]] ***** [[Northern Mariana Islands]] **** [[Wake Island]] *** [[Polynesia]] (some geographers include [[Clipperton Island]] in this subregion) **** [[Cook Islands]] **** [[Easter Island]] ***** [[Isla Salas y Gómez|Salas and Gómez Island]] **** [[French Polynesia]] ***** [[Tahiti]] **** [[Hawaiian Islands]] ***** [[Northwestern Hawaiian Islands]] ****** [[Midway Atoll]] ***** [[Hawaiian Islands#Major islands|Southeastern Hawaiian Islands]] **** [[Howland and Baker Islands]] ***** [[Baker Island]] ***** [[Howland Island]] **** [[Kermadec Islands]] **** [[Niue]] **** [[Pitcairn Islands|Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands]] **** [[Rotuma]] **** [[Samoan Islands]] ***** [[American Samoa]] (excluding [[Swains Island]]) ***** [[Samoa]] **** [[List of islands of Tokelau|Tokelau Islands]] ***** [[Swains Island]] ***** [[Tokelau]] **** [[Tonga]] **** [[Tuvalu]] **** [[Wallis and Futuna]] ***** [[Alo (Wallis and Futuna)|Alo]] ***** [[Sigave]] ***** [[Uvea (Wallis and Futuna)|Uvea]] * ''by human geography:'' ** [[Near Oceania]] ** [[Remote Oceania]] * ''by economics:'' ** [[Pacific Community]] ** [[Pacific Islands Forum]] ** [[Pacific Regional Environment Programme]] * ''by biogeography:'' ** [[Papuasia]] *** [[East Melanesian Islands]] * ''by geology (see also: [[Geology of Australia]]):'' ** [[Archean|Archaean]] ** [[Australian Shield]] ** [[Centralian Superbasin]] ** [[Gawler craton]] ** [[Narryer gneiss]] ** [[Ore genesis]] ** [[Perth Basin]] ** [[Pilbara craton|Pilbara Craton]] ** [[Western Plateau]] ** [[Yilgarn craton]] == See also == * [[Autonomous administrative division]] * [[Continent]] * [[Continental fragment]] * [[European Committee of the Regions]] * [[Euroregion]] * [[List of continents and continental subregions by population]] * [[List of Latin names of regions]] * [[Military district]] * [[Polar regions of Earth]] * [[Region]] * [[Regional district]] * [[Regional municipality]] * [[Continent#Subcontinents|Subcontinent]] * [[Submerged continent]] * [[Supercontinent]] * [[United Nations geoscheme]] == References == {{reflist}} == External links == * [https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/ UN Statistics Division – Standard country or area codes for statistical use (M49)] {{Continents of the world}} {{Regions of the world}} [[Category:Types of geographical division]] [[Category:Regions]] [[Category:Continents]]
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