Editing Succession to the Dutch throne

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[[File:Open Monumenten Dag 2010 (4983870910).jpg|300px|thumb|Throne in the [[Ridderzaal]], from which the Dutch monarch delivers the [[Throne Speech]] on the [[Prinsjesdag|Prince's Day]].|alt=]]
{{Monarchic orders of succession}}

Since 1983, the crown of the Netherlands passes according to [[absolute primogeniture]]. From 1814 until 1887, a monarch could only be succeeded by their closest female relative if there were no eligible male relatives. [[Male-preference cognatic primogeniture]] was adopted in 1887, though abolished when absolute primogeniture was introduced in 1983. [[Proximity of blood]] has been taken into consideration since 1922, when the constitution was changed to limit the line of succession to three degrees of kinship<ref>Degrees of kinship are counted here according to Roman law, or post-1983 Canon Law: counting the number of births between two people via their common ancestor.</ref> from the current monarch.<ref name="abdication">{{cite web|url=http://www.koninklijkhuis.nl/globale-paginas/taalrubrieken/english/abdication-and-investiture/ |website=www.koninklijkhuis.nl |publisher=Dutch Royal Court |title=Succession |access-date=22 December 2013 |quote=The Constitution stipulates that the title to the throne is reserved to blood relatives of the monarch up to the third degree of consanguinity as defined in Dutch law. This means that Prince Maurits and Prince Bernhard will no longer be in the line of succession to the throne. When the Prince of Orange becomes King, the line of succession will start with his children: the Princess of Orange, Princess Alexia and Princess Ariane. Next in line will be Prince Constantijn, then his children and finally Princess Margriet. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150622132327/http://www.koninklijkhuis.nl/globale-paginas/taalrubrieken/english/abdication-and-investiture/ |archive-date=22 June 2015 }}</ref> In a situation where the monarch is succeeded by an eligible aunt or uncle, persons previously excluded could be reintroduced into the line of succession.

In October 2021, in a letter to parliament Prime Minister [[Mark Rutte]] stated that the monarch and the heir to the throne could [[Same-sex marriage|marry a person of the same sex]] without being forced to abdicate or give up their place in the line of succession.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/dutch-pm-gay-marriage-no-barrier-netherlands-royal-house-2021-10-12/|title=Love is love: Gay marriage possible for Dutch monarch|work=Reuters|date=12 October 2021|accessdate=13 October 2021}}</ref>

== Line of succession ==
The list below contains all people currently eligible to directly succeed to the throne (numbered 1 to 8) and the descendants of [[Princess Margriet]] who would be eligible if she were to succeed.

{{Tree list}}
*[[File:Simple silver crown.svg|15px]] ''[[Queen Juliana]] (1909–2004)''
**[[File:Simple silver crown.svg|15px]] [[Queen Beatrix]] (born 1938)
***[[File:Simple gold crown.svg|15px]] '''[[King Willem-Alexander]]''' (born 1967)
**** '''(1)''' [[Catharina-Amalia, Princess of Orange]] (born 2003)<ref name="abdication"/><ref name="kate">{{cite web|url=http://www.koninklijkhuis.nl/globale-paginas/taalrubrieken/english/members-of-the-royal-house/the-princess-of-orange/|website=www.koninklijkhuis.nl|publisher=Dutch Royal Court|title=The Princess of Orange|access-date=22 December 2013|quote=Since the investiture of the King on 30 April 2013, Princess Catharina-Amalia has borne the title Princess of Orange. This title can only be held by the heir to the throne.}}</ref>
**** '''(2)''' [[Princess Alexia of the Netherlands|Princess Alexia]] (b. 2005)<ref name="abdication"/><ref name="alex">{{cite web|url=http://www.koninklijkhuis.nl/globale-paginas/taalrubrieken/english/members-of-the-royal-house/princess-alexia/ |website=www.koninklijkhuis.nl |publisher=Dutch Royal Court |title=Princess Alexia |access-date=22 December 2013 |quote=Princess Alexia is second in line of succession to the throne. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212044313/http://www.koninklijkhuis.nl/globale-paginas/taalrubrieken/english/members-of-the-royal-house/princess-alexia/ |archive-date=12 December 2013 }}</ref>
**** {{Tree list/final branch}}'''(3)''' [[Princess Ariane]] (b. 2007)<ref name="abdication"/><ref name="ariane">{{cite web|url=http://www.koninklijkhuis.nl/globale-paginas/taalrubrieken/english/members-of-the-royal-house/princess-ariane/ |website=www.koninklijkhuis.nl |publisher=Dutch Royal Court |title=Princess Ariane |access-date=22 December 2013 |quote=Princess Ariane is third in line of succession to the throne. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212052305/http://www.koninklijkhuis.nl/globale-paginas/taalrubrieken/english/members-of-the-royal-house/princess-ariane/ |archive-date=12 December 2013 }}</ref>
*** {{Tree list/final branch}}'''(4)''' [[Prince Constantijn]] (b. 1969)<ref name="abdication"/>
**** '''(5)''' [[Eloise, Countess of Orange-Nassau|Countess Eloise]] (b. 2002)<ref name="abdication"/>
**** '''(6)''' [[Claus-Casimir, Count of Orange-Nassau|Count Claus-Casimir]] (b. 2004)<ref name="abdication"/>
**** {{Tree list/final branch}}'''(7)''' [[Leonore, Countess of Orange-Nassau|Countess Leonore]] (b. 2006)<ref name="abdication"/>
**{{Tree list/final branch}}'''(8)''' [[Princess Margriet]] (b. 1943)<ref name="abdication"/>
*** [[Prince Maurits of Orange-Nassau, van Vollenhoven|Prince Maurits]] (b. 1968)
**** Anastasia van Lippe-Biesterfeld van Vollenhoven (b. 2001)<ref name="marge">{{cite web|url=https://www.royal-house.nl/members-royal-house/princess-margriet/|website=www.koninklijkhuis.nl|publisher=Dutch Royal Court|title=Princess Margriet|access-date=22 December 2013|quote=...the children of Prince Maurits and Princess Marilène: Anna (b. 2001), Lucas (b. 2002) and Felicia (b. 2005); the children of Prince Bernhard and Princess Annette: Isabella (b. 2002), Samuel (b. 2004) and Benjamin (b. 2008)...}}</ref>
**** Lucas van Lippe-Biesterfeld van Vollenhoven (b. 2002)<ref name="marge"/>
**** {{Tree list/final branch}} Felicia van Lippe-Biesterfeld van Vollenhoven (b. 2005)<ref name="marge"/>
*** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Prince Bernhard of Orange-Nassau, van Vollenhoven|Prince Bernhard]] (b. 1969)
**** Isabella van Vollenhoven (b. 2002)<ref name="marge"/>
**** Samuel van Vollenhoven (b. 2004)<ref name="marge"/>
**** {{Tree list/final branch}} Benjamin van Vollenhoven (b. 2008)<ref name="marge"/>
{{Tree list/end}}

==See also==
*[[List of heirs to the Dutch throne]]
*[[Monarchy of the Netherlands]]

==Notes==
* [[Beatrix of the Netherlands|Beatrix]]'s second son, [[Prince Friso of Orange-Nassau]], was removed from the line of succession in 2004 when he married without seeking Parliamentary approval. His two daughters, Countess Luana of Orange-Nassau van Amsberg and Countess Zaria of Orange-Nassau van Amsberg, are not in the line of succession.{{CN|date=November 2021}}
* [[Princess Irene of the Netherlands|Princess Irene]] (Beatrix's younger sister) was removed from the list when she married [[Carlos Hugo, Duke of Parma]], without Parliamentary approval. Approval was withheld because Carlos Hugo's [[Carlist]] pretense to the Spanish throne threatened to cause a Constitutional crisis.
* [[Prince Pieter-Christiaan of Orange-Nassau, van Vollenhoven|Prince Pieter-Christiaan]] and [[Prince Floris of Orange-Nassau, van Vollenhoven]] (the younger sons of Princess Margriet), were removed from the list because they had both decided not to seek Parliamentary approval for their 2005 marriages due to their remote chance of succeeding to the throne.{{CN|date=November 2021}}
* [[Prince Maurits of Orange-Nassau, van Vollenhoven|Prince Maurits]] and [[Prince Bernhard of Orange-Nassau, van Vollenhoven]] (the elder sons of Princess Margriet), and their descendants are not in the line because they are too distantly related to the reigning monarch. When Willem-Alexander became king on 30 April 2013, his aunt's sons lost their succession rights and will only regain them if she succeeds to the throne – in which case her children would assume appropriate places in the line of succession.<ref name="abdication"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Orders of succession by country}}

[[Category:Lines of succession|Dutch throne]]
[[Category:Monarchy of the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Netherlands history-related lists]]