Editing Supersaurus

{{Short description|Extinct genus of dinosaurs}}
{{Use American English|date=February 2024}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2024}}
{{automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = [[Late Jurassic]],<br/>{{fossilrange|153|145}}
| image = Supersaurus-Holotype-BYU9025-PerspectiveWarp.png
| image_caption = A cast of BYU 9025, a scapulocoracoid, the [[holotype]] of ''Supersaurus'', [[Dinosaur Journey Museum]]
| display_parents = 2
| taxon = Supersaurus
| authority = [[James A. Jensen|Jensen]], 1985<ref name="jensen1985" />
| type_species = {{extinct}}'''''Supersaurus vivianae'''''
| type_species_authority = [[James A. Jensen|Jensen]], 1985<ref name="jensen1985" />
| subdivision_ranks = Other [[Species]]
| subdivision = *{{extinct}}''[[Dinheirosaurus|Supersaurus lourinhanensis]]''?<br/><small>[[José Bonaparte|Bonaparte]] & [[Octávio Mateus|Mateus]], 1999</small><ref name="bonaparte&mateus1999">{{cite journal|last1=Bonaparte|first1=J.|last2=Mateus|first2=O.|year=1999|title=A New Diplodocid, ''Dinheirosaurus lourinhanensis'' gen. et sp. nov., from the Late Jurassic Beds of Portugal|url=http://www.museulourinha.org/pt/Omateus/Papers/BonaparteMateus1999.pdf|journal=Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales|volume=5|issue=2|pages=13–29|issn=0524-9511|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928122621/http://www.museulourinha.org/pt/Omateus/Papers/BonaparteMateus1999.pdf|archive-date=28 September 2007}}</ref>
| synonyms = {{collapsible list|bullets = true
 |title=<small>Genus synonymy</small>
|'''''Dystylosaurus'''''<br/><small>[[James A. Jensen|Jensen]], 1985</small>
|'''''Ultrasauros'''''<br/><small>(Jensen, 1985) Olshevsky, 1991 [formerly ''[[Ultrasaurus]]'', preoccupied]</small>
|''[[Dinheirosaurus]]''?<br/><small> [[José Bonaparte|Bonaparte]] & Mateus, 1999</small>
}}
{{collapsible list|bullets = true
 |title=<small>Species synonymy (''S. vivianae'')</small>
|'''''Dystylosaurus edwini'''''<br/><small>[[James A. Jensen|Jensen]], 1985</small>
|'''''Ultrasauros macintoshi'''''<br/><small>(Jensen, 1985) Olshevsky, 1991 [formerly ''[[Ultrasaurus]]'', preoccupied]</small>
}}
}}

'''''Supersaurus''''' (meaning "super lizard") is a [[genus]] of [[diplodocid]] [[sauropod]] [[dinosaur]] that lived in [[North America]] during the [[Late Jurassic]] period. The [[type species]], ''S. vivianae'', was first discovered by Vivian Jones of [[Delta, Colorado]], in the middle [[Morrison Formation]] of [[Colorado]] in 1972. The fossil remains came from the Brushy Basin Member of the formation, dating between 153 and 145 million years ago.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Kowallis|first1=B.J.|last2=Christiansen|first2=E.H.|last3=Deino|first3=A.L.|year=1991|title=Age of the Brushy Basin Member of the Morrison Formation, Colorado Plateau, western USA|journal=Cretaceous Research|volume=12|issue=5|pages=483–493|doi=10.1016/0195-6671(91)90003-U|bibcode=1991CrRes..12..483K }}</ref> It is among the longest dinosaurs ever discovered, with the three known specimens reaching {{convert|33|-|40|m|sp=us}} in length, with the largest individual possibly exceeding {{convert|40|m|sp=us}} in size.<ref name=":0"/><ref name ="Woodruff et al. 2024">{{cite journal|last1=Woodruff|first1=D.C.|last2=Curtice|first2=B.D.|last3=Foster|first3=J.R.|year=2024|title=Seis-ing up the Super-Morrison formation sauropods|journal=Journal of Anatomy|doi=10.1111/joa.14108|pmid=38978276 }}</ref> Mass estimates for the [[Wyoming Dinosaur Center|WDC]] and [[Brigham Young University|BYU]] specimens tend to be around {{convert|35|-|44|MT|ST}} in body mass.<ref name ="Woodruff et al. 2024"/> A potential second species, ''S. lourinhanensis'' (''[[Dinheirosaurus]]''), is known from [[Portugal]] and has been dated to a similar time.<ref name="Tschopp, E. 2015"/>

==Discovery==
[[File:James A. Jensen.jpg|left|thumb|[[James A. Jensen]] with the reconstructed front leg of ''Ultrasauros'']] 
''Supersaurus'' is present in stratigraphic zone 5 of the Morrison, dating from the [[Tithonian]].<ref name="foster-appendix">{{cite book|last=Foster|first=J.|year=2007|chapter=Appendix|title=Jurassic West: The Dinosaurs of the Morrison Formation and Their World|publisher=Indiana University Press|pages=327–329}}</ref> The original [[fossil]] remains of ''Supersaurus'' were discovered in the [[Dry Mesa Quarry]] in 1972. This find yielded only a few bones: mainly the shoulder girdle, an [[ischium]], and tail vertebrae. Paleontologist [[James A. Jensen]] described ''Supersaurus''; he designated a [[scapula|scapulocoracoid]] [[BYU]] 9025 (originally labeled as BYU 5500) as the [[holotype|type specimen]]. This shoulder girdle stood some {{Convert|2.4|m|ft|sp=us}} tall, if placed on end. The specimen was given the name "Supersaurus" informally as early as 1973,<ref>{{cite news|last=George|first=J.|title=Supersaurus, giant of the giants|work=Denver Post, Empire Magazine|date=May 13, 1973|pages=14ff}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=George |first=J. |date=June 1973 |title=Supersaurus, the biggest brute ever |work=[[Reader's Digest]] |pages=51–56}}</ref> but was not officially described and named until more than a decade later, in 1985.<ref name="jensen1985" /> Sauropod researcher Jack McIntosh at one time thought that the BYU ''Supersaurus'' material might represent a large species of ''[[Barosaurus]]'' but later felt that there was evidence for ''Supersaurus'' being a valid genus.<ref name="mcintosh2005">{{cite book |last=McIntosh |first=John S. |title=Thunder-lizards: The Sauropod Dinosaurs |publisher=Indiana University Press |year=2005 |isbn=0-253-34542-1 |editor1-last=Tidwell |editor1-first=Virginia |editor2-last=Carpenter |editor2-first=Ken |editor2-link=Kenneth Carpenter |location=Bloomington |pages=38–77 |chapter=The genus ''Barosaurus'' Marsh (Sauropoda, Diplodocidae) }}</ref>

A much more complete specimen WDC DMJ-021, was found in [[Converse County]], [[Wyoming]] in 1986 by Brandon Flyr and Bart Lesco while out hiking and was reported to the people who owned the land at the time. The discovery was later named "Jimbo" in 1996 by the family that purchased the land, it was described and assigned to ''Supersaurus'' in 2007. The specimen represented approximately 30% of the skeleton. Its bones are being held at the [[Wyoming Dinosaur Center]]. A comparison of WDC DMJ-021 and other specimens previously assigned to ''Supersaurus'' was done in order to help decide what material from the Dry Mesa Quarry belonged to the genus. It indicated that a series of tail vertebrae and an ulna may have belonged to some other diplodocid.<ref name=LHW07/>

===Ultrasauros===
[[File:Supersaurus vivianae dorsal vertebra.JPG|thumb|left|upright|Dorsal vertebra BYU 9044, the holotype of ''Ultrasauros'', now assigned to ''Supersaurus'' [[Museum of Ancient Life]]]]
Jensen, who described the original ''Supersaurus'' specimen, simultaneously reported the discovery of another gigantic sauropod, which would later be named "Ultrasaurus" ''macintoshi''<ref name="jensen1985">{{Cite journal |last=Jensen |first=J.A. |author-link=James A. Jensen |year=1985 |title=Three new sauropod dinosaurs from the Upper Jurassic of Colorado |journal=The Great Basin Naturalist |volume=45 |issue=4 |pages=697–709 |doi=10.5962/bhl.part.4439 |doi-access=free}}</ref> (later renamed ''Ultrasauros macintoshi''). The type specimen (the specimen used to define a new [[species]]) of ''Ultrasauros'', being a backbone (dorsal [[vertebra]], labeled BYU 9044), was later found to have come from ''Supersaurus''. In fact, it probably belonged to the original ''Supersaurus'' specimen, which was discovered in the same quarry in 1972. Therefore, ''Ultrasauros'' became a [[junior synonym]] of ''Supersaurus'', which had been named first and thus retains priority, and the name ''Ultrasauros'' was abandoned.<ref name="curticeetal1996">{{Cite book |last1=Curtice |first1=Brian D. |url=http://www.miketaylor.org.uk/tmp/CurticeEtAl1996-ultrasauros.pdf |title=The Continental Jurassic: Transactions of the Continental Jurassic Symposium |last2=Stadtman |first2=Kenneth L. |last3=Curtice |first3=Linda J. |publisher=Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin |year=1996 |editor-last=Morales |editor-first=M. |volume=60 |pages=87–95 |chapter=A re-assessment of ''Ultrasauros macintoshi'' (Jensen, 1985)}}</ref>

Other bones that were found at the same location and originally thought to belong to ''Ultrasauros'', like a shoulder girdle ([[scapula|scapulocoracoid]], BYU 9462), actually belonged to ''[[Brachiosaurus]]'', possibly a large specimen of ''Brachiosaurus altithorax''.<ref name="curticeetal1996"/> The ''Brachiosaurus'' bones indicate a large, but not record-breaking individual, a little larger than the "''Brachiosaurus" brancai'' (''[[Giraffatitan]] brancai'') mount in the [[Natural History Museum, Berlin|Berlin's Natural History Museum]].<ref name="Paul1988">{{cite journal |last=Paul |first=G.S. |author-link=Gregory S. Paul |year=1988 |title=The brachiosaur giants of the Morrison and Tendaguru with a description of a new subgenus, ''Giraffatitan'', and a comparison of the world's largest dinosaurs |url=http://gspauldino.com/HunteriaBrachio.pdf |journal=Hunteria |volume=2 |issue=3 |pages=1–14}}</ref>

Originally, these ''Supersaurus'' and ''Brachiosaurus'' bones were believed to represent a single dinosaur that was estimated to reach about {{convert|25|to|30|m|sp=us}} long, {{Convert|8|m|sp=us}} high at the shoulder, {{Convert|15|m|sp=us}} in total height, and weighing maybe {{cvt|70|MT|ST}}. At the time, mass estimates ranged up to 180&nbsp;tons,<ref>{{cite book|last=McGowan|first=C.|year=1992|title=Dinosaurs, Spitfires and Sea Dragons|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0674207707}}</ref> which placed it in the same category as the [[blue whale]] and the equally problematic ''[[Bruhathkayosaurus]]''.

The naming of the [[Chimera (paleontology)|chimeric]] ''Ultrasauros'' has a similarly complicated history. ''Ultrasaurus'' (with the final "u") was the original choice, and was widely used by the media after the discovery in 1979. However, the name of a new [[species]] must be published with a description to become official.<ref name=SVPOW/>
[[File:Dystylosaurus BYU 4503.jpg|thumb|Holotype vertebrae of ''Dystylosaurus'', junior synonym of ''Supersaurus'']]
Before Jim Jensen published his discovery in 1985, another paleontologist, Kim Haang Mook, used the name ''[[Ultrasaurus]]'' in a 1983 publication to describe what he believed was a giant dinosaur in [[South Korea]]. This was a different, much smaller dinosaur than Jensen's find, but Kim thought it represented a similarly gigantic animal because he confused a [[humerus]] for an [[ulna]]. While the logic of naming was incorrect, the ''Ultrasaurus'' from Kim's find fulfilled the requirements for naming and became regarded as a legitimate, if dubious genus.<ref name=Paul1988/><ref name=SVPOW/> Thus, because Jensen did not publish his own "Ultrasaurus" find until 1985, Kim's use retained its official priority of name, and Jensen was forced to choose a new name (in technical terms, his original choice was "preoccupied" by Kim's sauropod). In 1991, at his suggestion, George Olshevsky changed one letter, and renamed Jensen's sauropod ''Ultrasauros'', with the final "o".<ref name=SVPOW>{{cite web|date=June 13, 2019|title=Supersaurus, Ultrasaurus and Dystylosaurus in 2019, part 1: what we know now|website=Sauropod Vertebra Picture of the Week|url=https://svpow.com/2019/06/13/supersaurus-ultrasaurus-and-dystylosaurus-in-2019-part-1-what-we-know-now/}}</ref>

When it was later discovered that the new name referred to bones from two separate, and already known species, the name ''Ultrasauros'' was considered invalid and became a junior synonym for ''Supersaurus''. Since the holotype of the ''Ultrasaurus'' was a dorsal vertebrae of the ''Supersaurus'', so  ''Ultrasauros'' is not a junior synonym for ''Brachiosaurus''. The name ''Supersaurus'' was kept instead of ''Ultrasaurus'' as the animal is a diplodocid and ''Ultrasaurus'' had always referred to a brachiosaurid.<ref name="curticeetal1996"/>

===Additional synonyms===
Another [[diplodocid]] dinosaur found near the original ''Supersaurus'' quarry, known from a backbone (dorsal [[vertebra]] type specimen BYU 5750), was named '''''Dystylosaurus edwini''''' and is now also considered to be a specimen of ''Supersaurus vivianae''. Hence, ''Dystylosaurus'' has also become a junior synonym of ''Supersaurus''.<ref name=CS01>{{cite book |last=Curtice |first=B. |author2=Stadtman, K.  |year=2001 |chapter=The demise of ''Dystylosaurus edwini'' and a revision of ''Supersaurus vivianae'' |title=Western Association of Vertebrate Paleontologists and Southwest Paleontological Symposium - Proceedings 2001 |editor=McCord, R.D. |editor2=Boaz, D. |series=Mesa Southwest Museum Bulletin |volume=8 |pages=33–40}}</ref>

==Description==
[[File:Longest dinosaurs2.svg|thumb|Diagram showing the size of ''Supersaurus'' (orange) compared with selected giant sauropods]]
''Supersaurus'' is among the [[Dinosaur size|largest dinosaurs]] known from good remains and quite possibly the longest discovered thus far, with the [[Wyoming Dinosaur Center|WDC]] specimen reaching {{convert|33|-|36|m|sp=us}} in length, the [[Brigham Young University|BYU]] specimen reaching perhaps {{convert|39|m|sp=us}} and a third specimen potentially exceeding {{convert|40|m|sp=us}} in size.<ref name=":0"/><ref name ="Woodruff et al. 2024"/> The [[Wyoming Dinosaur Center|WDC]] and [[Brigham Young University|BYU]] specimens are estimated to have weighed {{convert|35|-|44|MT|ST}} in body mass.<ref name ="Woodruff et al. 2024"/><ref name=LHW07>{{cite journal |last=Lovelace |first=David M. |author2=Hartman, Scott A. |author3= Wahl, William R. |year=2008 |title=Morphology of a specimen of ''Supersaurus'' (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from the Morrison Formation of Wyoming, and a re-evaluation of diplodocid phylogeny |journal=Arquivos do Museu Nacional |volume=65 |issue=4 |pages=527–544|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237468705|issn=0365-4508}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Paul |first=Gregory S. |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/985402380 |title=The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=2016 |isbn=978-1-78684-190-2 |pages=214 |oclc=985402380 |author-link=Gregory S. Paul}}</ref> 
[[File:Supersaurus dinosaur.png|thumb|left|Life restoration of ''Supersaurus'' based primarily on [[Wyoming Dinosaur Center]]'s more complete "Jimbo"]] 
A study in 2024 also found the Jimbo specimen to be skeletally mature at the time of its death and among the oldest known dinosaurs. While the result obtained was 225 years, the study strongly states that a value this high is extremely unlikely and more reflects the limitations of the methodology in calculating the age of exceptionally old individuals.<ref name ="Woodruff et al. 2024"/> The same study found the age of a {{convert|33|m|sp=us}} ''Diplodocus hallorum'' to be 60 years old, which makes it among the oldest known dinosaurs too, but considered the age of Jimbo to be even greater due to the extensive remodeling of the bone. In fact, the study suggests Jimbo was so old that its exact age cannot be reliably calculated by the applied methodology.<ref name ="Woodruff et al. 2024"/> Thus, despite the lack of a truly reliable age value, the Jimbo specimen of ''Supersaurus'' can be considered as possibly the oldest dinosaur known thus far. The study also suggests that, due to Jimbo's skeletal maturity, the size range displayed by the three known ''Supersaurus'' specimens, which ranges from {{convert|33|-|40|m|sp=us}}, can be considered an average adult size for the species.<ref name ="Woodruff et al. 2024"/>
[[File:Jimbo Supersaurus.jpg|thumb|A reconstruction of WDC DMJ-021, nicknamed "Jimbo", [[Wyoming Dinosaur Center]]]]
The first described specimens of ''Supersaurus'' were individual bones that suggested a large diplodocid. A large [[Cervical vertebrae|cervical vertebra]] BYU 9024 from the same quarry was later assigned to ''Supersaurus''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jensen |first=James A. |author-link=James A. Jensen |date=1987 |title=New Brachiosaur Material from the Late Jurassic of Utah and Colorado |journal=The Great Basin Naturalist |volume=47 |issue=4 |pages=592–608 |issn=0017-3614 |jstor=41712373}}</ref><!-- cannot verify 45 m from the cited sources. 45 m is not mentioned in the papers --> This vertebra measures {{cvt|1.38|m|ft}} in length and is the longest cervical known.<ref name=Wedeletal2000a>{{cite journal|last=Wedel|first=Mathew J.|author2=Cifelli, R.L.|author3=Sanders, R.K.|date=March 2000|title=''Sauroposeidon proteles'', a new sauropod from the Early Cretaceous of Oklahoma|journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology|volume=20|issue=1|pages=109&ndash;114|doi=10.1671/0272-4634(2000)020[0109:SPANSF]2.0.CO;2|s2cid=55987496 |url=http://sauroposeidon.net/Wedel-et-al_2000a_sauroposeidon.pdf|access-date=October 17, 2016|archive-date=October 31, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031032826/http://sauroposeidon.net/Wedel-et-al_2000a_sauroposeidon.pdf|url-status=usurped}}</ref> This enormous vertebra was reclassified as a ''[[Barosaurus]]'' vertebra, by [[Michael P. Taylor|Mike Taylor]] and [[Matt Wedel]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Taylor|first=Mike|date=2019|title=Supersaurus, Ultrasaurus and Dystylosaurus in 2019, part 2: what we found in Utah|url=https://svpow.com/2019/06/15/supersaurus-ultrasaurus-and-dystylosaurus-in-2019-part-2-what-we-found-in-utah/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220921232450/https://svpow.com/2019/06/15/supersaurus-ultrasaurus-and-dystylosaurus-in-2019-part-2-what-we-found-in-utah/|archive-date=September 21, 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> However Brian Curtice has reassigned it to ''Supersaurus'' on the basis of additional specimens.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Curtice |first=Brian |date=2021 |title=New Dry Mesa Dinosaur Quarry Supersaurus vivianae (Jensen 1985) axial elements provide additional insight into its phylogenetic relationships and size, suggesting an animal that exceeded 39 meters in length |url=https://vertpaleo.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/SVP_2021_VirtualBook_final.pdf|page=92|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221008180700/https://vertpaleo.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/SVP_2021_VirtualBook_final.pdf|archive-date=October 8, 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Michael Benton]] also agreed with the reclassification, giving the ''Supersaurus'' BYU 9024 specimen an approximate length of up to an impressive {{convert|50|m}}, which would have made it the longest animal to ever live.<ref name=DinosaurBehaviour>{{Cite book|last1=Benton|first1=Michael|date=31 October 2023 |title=Dinosaur Behavior: An Illustrated Guide|publisher=Princeton University Press|language=en |isbn=9780691244297|pages=94–95}}</ref>

The assignment of the more complete specimen, WDC DMJ-021, to ''Supersaurus'' suggests that in most respects it was very similar in anatomy to ''[[Apatosaurus]]'' but less robustly built with especially elongated cervical vertebrae, resulting in one of the longest-known sauropod necks.<ref name=LHW07/>

==Classification==
[[File:Supersaurus moal.jpg|thumb|left|A reconstructed skeleton, [[Museum of Ancient Life]], Utah, USA]]
Most studies of diplodocid relationships have found it to contain two primary subgroups: [[Diplodocinae]] (containing those diplodocids more closely related to ''Diplodocus'' than to ''Apatosaurus'') and [[Apatosaurinae]] (diplodocids more closely related to ''Apatosaurus'' than to ''Diplodocus''). Originally, it was thought that ''Supersaurus'' was related to the long-necked diplodocid ''[[Barosaurus]]'', and therefore a member of the subfamily Diplodocinae, however, with the assignment of the more complete WDC DMJ-021 most later studies found ''Supersaurus'' to be a close relative of the familiar ''[[Apatosaurus]]'' in the group Apatosaurinae.<ref name=LHW07/> However, some later studies cast doubt on this paradigm. One comprehensive study of diplodocoid relationships published by Whitlock in 2011 found ''Apatosaurus'' itself to lie at the base of the diplodocid family tree, and other "apatosaurines", including ''Supersaurus'', to be progressively more closely related to ''Diplodocus'' (making them diplodocines).<ref name=whitlock2011>{{cite journal|last=Whitlock|first=John A.|year=2011|title=A phylogenetic analysis of Diplodocoidea (Saurischia: Sauropoda)|journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society|volume=161|issue=4|pages=872–915|doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00665.x|doi-access=free}}</ref>
[[File:Supersaurus_pelvis_Museum_of_Ancient_Life_3.jpg|thumb|Pelvis of ''Supersaurus'']]
[[File:Jimbo Caudals.jpg|thumb|Caudal vertebrae and chevrons]]
In 2015, a specimen-level [[phylogenetic]] study of diplodocids found that ''[[Dinheirosaurus lourinhanensis]]'' grouped with ''Supersaurus''. The study considered that it should be a new species of ''Supersaurus'', in a new combination ''S. lourinhanensis''.<ref name="Tschopp, E. 2015">{{Cite journal |last1=Tschopp |first1=Emanuel |last2=Mateus |first2=Octávio |last3=Benson |first3=Roger B. J. |year=2015 |title=A specimen-level phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic revision of Diplodocidae (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) |journal=PeerJ |volume=3 |pages=e857 |doi=10.7717/peerj.857 |pmc=4393826 |pmid=25870766 |doi-access=free}}{{open access}}</ref>{{clade| style=font-size:85%;line-height:85%
|label1=[[Diplodocidae]]
|1={{clade
   |1=''[[Amphicoelias altus]]''
   |2={{clade
      |label1=[[Apatosaurinae]]
      |1={{clade
         |1=Unnamed species
         |2={{clade
            |1={{clade
               |1=''[[Apatosaurus ajax]]''
               |2=''[[Apatosaurus louisae]]'' }}
            |2={{clade
               |1=''[[Brontosaurus excelsus]]''
               |2={{clade
                  |1=''[[Brontosaurus yahnahpin]]''
                  |2=''[[Brontosaurus parvus]]'' }} }} }} }}
      |label2=[[Diplodocinae]]
      |2={{clade 
         |1=Unnamed species
         |2={{clade
            |1=''[[Tornieria africana]]''
            |2={{clade
               |1={{clade
                  |1=''[[Supersaurus lourinhanensis]]''
                  |2='''''Supersaurus vivianae''''' }}
               |2={{clade
                  |1=''[[Leinkupal laticauda]]''
                  |2={{clade
                     |1=''[[Galeamopus hayi]]''
                     |2={{clade
                        |1={{clade
                           |1=''[[Diplodocus carnegii]]''
                           |2=''[[Diplodocus hallorum]]'' }}
                        |2={{clade
                           |1=''[[Kaatedocus siberi]]''
                           |2=''[[Barosaurus lentus]]''
}} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Portal|Dinosaurs}}
* "[http://www.miketaylor.org.uk/dino/faq/s-size/diff/index.html Why do mass estimates vary so much?]", by Mike Taylor, August 27, 2002. (see footnote)

{{Sauropodomorpha|D.}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q131177}}

[[Category:Diplodocidae]]
[[Category:Dinosaur genera]]
[[Category:Kimmeridgian dinosaurs]]
[[Category:Morrison Formation]]
[[Category:Taxa named by James A. Jensen]]
[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 1985]]
[[Category:Dinosaurs of the United States]]