Editing Synchronized skating

{{Short description|Ice skating discipline}}
{{Infobox sport
| name       = Synchronized skating
| image      = 2015 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final Team Paradise IMG 9903.JPG
| imagesize  = 
| caption    = Team Paradise at the 2015 Grand Prix
| union      = [[International Skating Union]]
| nickname   = "precision skating", "synchro"
| first= {{Start date and age|df=yes|1956}}
| firstlabel =First Performed
| country/region = 
| registered = 
| clubs      = 
| team = * between 8 and 20 [[Figure skating|figure skaters]] including 4 alternates
* maximum 16 compete on the ice at once
| category   = 
{{Plainlist|
* Discipline of [[figure skating]]
* [[Team sport]]
* [[Winter sport]]
}}
| equipment =
{{Plainlist|
* [[Figure skates]]
}}
| venue =
{{Plainlist|
* [[Ice rink]]
* [[Figure skating rink]]
}}
| olympic    = [[#Why not Synchro Petition|No]]<ref name="SS Olympic">{{cite web|url=https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1061027/new-sports-face-struggle-to-be-added-to-winter-olympic-games-programme-ioc-warn|title=New sports face struggle to be added to Winter Olympic Games programme, IOC warn|last=Butler|first=Nick|date=4 February 2018|website=Insidethegames.biz|publisher=Dunsar Media|access-date=17 June 2018}}</ref>
| paralympic = No
| IWGA       = No

|mgender=Mixed}}
'''Synchronized skating''', often called '''synchro''', is an [[ice skating]] sport where between 8 and 20 skaters perform together as a team. They move as a flowing unit at high speed over the ice, while performing elements and footwork.

This complex sport originated in 1956 and was initially called "precision skating" due to its emphasis on the maintenance of intricate and precise formations and the requirement of precise timing from all members of the group. Synchronized skating is now well-established as an organized sport in several European countries with several of them having produced teams who frequently win championships at the international level. As of 2022, there are more than 600 synchro teams in United States alone.<ref name="usfs-synchro" />

==Details==
Synchronized skating currently uses a judging format similar to singles, pairs and ice dancing. The discipline is primarily judged on skating skills, transitions, performance, composition, interpretation and difficulty of elements.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.usfsa.org/shell?id=59365|title=TEAM DEFINITIONS - usfsa.org|access-date=2017-02-27|archive-date=2017-02-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228080036/http://www.usfsa.org/shell?id=59365|url-status=dead}}</ref>

A synchronized skating [[Free skating|free skate]] program consists of elements that are executed in various shapes and formations both connected and disconnected, such as blocks, triangles, circles, lines, or wheels, done while intersecting, traveling across the ice, and rotating.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=June 2024 |title=SPECIAL REGULATIONS & TECHNICAL RULES SYNCHRONIZED SKATING 2024 |url=https://current.isu.org/synchronized-skating/rules/sys-regulations-rules/file |access-date=2024-12-25}}</ref> Teams are required to perform turns and step sequences, ranging in difficulty with each level.

There are many different levels including Pre-Preliminary, Preliminary, Beginner, Pre-juvenile, Open juvenile, Intermediate, Novice, Junior, Senior, and Adult.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Creative |first1=Taoti |title=U.S. Figure Skating |url=https://www.usfigureskating.org/ |website=U.S. Figure Skating |publisher=Creative |access-date=September 10, 2024}}</ref> In the highest-ranking levels, Junior and Senior division teams are required to perform a [[Short program (figure skating)|short program]] in addition to the free skate. The short program is more technical in nature, whereas the free skating program is longer and provides an opportunity to showcase expression, emotion and interpretation.<ref name="usfs-synchro" />

Junior level teams compete in the [[ISU World Junior Synchronized Skating Championships|Junior World Synchronized Skating Championships]]. At the senior level, teams compete at the [[ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships|World Synchronized Skating Championship]].<ref name="usfs-synchro" /> All member nations of the ISU are allocated one entry for each level, countries that placed in the top five of the previous championship are awarded two team entries.<ref>{{Cite web |title=International Skating Union Special Regulations & Technical Rules – Synchronized Skating 2021 |url=https://www.isu.org/synchronized-skating/rules/sys-regulations-rules/file |access-date=2022-07-03 |url-status=deviated |archive-date=2022-03-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220323084401/https://www.isu.org/synchronized-skating/rules/sys-regulations-rules/file}}</ref>

The required elements must be performed in specific ways, as described by published communications by the ISU, unless otherwise specified. The ISU publishes violations and their points values yearly. Situations warranting deductions in synchronized skating include elements where one-quarter of the team or more fails to execute a maneuver in congruence with the majority of the team, falls, interruptions, illegal maneuvers (such as cartwheels), and violations of the rules concerning time, music, and clothing.

== History ==
In 1956, the first synchronized skating team was formed by Dr. Richard Porter.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Synchronized Skating &#124; U.S. Figure Skating |url=https://www.usfigureskating.org/skate/skating-opportunities/synchronized-skating |website=www.usfigureskating.org}}</ref> The 'Hockettes' skated out of [[Ann Arbor, Michigan]] and entertained spectators during intermissions of the [[Michigan Wolverines men's ice hockey|University of Michigan Wolverines hockey team]]. In the early days, precision skating (as it was then called) resembled a [[drill team]] routine, or a precision dance company such as [[The Rockettes]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2024}} In 1974, the ISU published the first judges' handbook for synchronized skating.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hines |first=James R. |title=Historical Dictionary of Figure Skating |date=2011 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-6859-5 |location=Lanham, Maryland |page=xxv}}</ref>

During the 1970s, the interest for this new sport grew and developed. Teams developed more creative and innovative routines incorporating stronger basic skating skills, new maneuvers and more sophisticated transitions with greater speed, style and agility. Due to the increased interest in the sport in North America, the first official international competition was held between Canadian and American teams in Michigan in March 1976.  With the internationalization of the sport, it has evolved, with increasing emphasis on speed and skating skills, and "highlight" elements such as jumps, spirals, spins, and lifts that originally were not permitted in competition.

== Elements and formations ==
Competition programs include a variety of elements utilizing various shapes or formations. Scoring of each element is determined by their base value (BV) and grade of execution (GOE), together this determines the teams technical element score (TES). In competition the technical panel identifies elements as each element is performed, elements are then assigned a level of difficulty ranging from B (basic) to Level 4 (most difficult).<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2024-03-20 |title=ISU Synchronized Skating Media Guide |url=https://current.isu.org/media-centre/guides/media/33625-synchronized-skating-media-guide-2023-24/file |access-date=2024-12-25}}</ref> Element shapes are a set of distinct configurations that are easily identifiable, these shapes are used as the basis of most synchronized skating elements.

=== Formations ===
Certain elements are composed of specific distinctive shapes or formations, occasionally transitioning from one shape to a different shape for a higher level of difficulty.

==== Block ====
Identifiable by skaters lined up in at least three separate lines forming a [[polygon]]al shape, characterized as block, pyramid or diamond shapes in straight even spaced lines. The shapes can be closed or open formation, with open formations maintaining distinct empty space in the middle of the formation.

==== Circle ====
[[File:GoldenBlades, Tappara 20091213-4.jpg|alt=|Golden Blades performing a circle.|thumb]]
Characterized by rotating around a common center with even distance from the midpoint and spacing from teammates, circles can be connected or disconnected. different circle configurations include multiple circles, circle within a circle, and interlocking. To increase the level of difficulty a circle can include changes of place, or configuration, step sequences, weaving, interlocking, and changes of rotational direction.

==== Line ====
[[File:2015_Grand_Prix_of_Figure_Skating_Final_Team_Paradise_IMG_9114.JPG|alt=Team Paradise at 2015 Grand Prix performing a line|thumb|Team Paradise at 2015 Grand Prix performing a line]]
Lines are integral to many elements and transitions as they demonstrate the team's collective skating skills and serve as building blocks for both blocks and wheel formations. Lines can be connected and disconnected.

==== Wheel ====
[[File:Marigold_IceUnity.jpg|alt=Marigold IceUnity performing a wheel|thumb|Marigold IceUnity performing a wheel]]
A wheel is characterized by every skater rotating around a common center point in connected lines. Different formations that teams can form including a two to five spoke or a parallel wheel. Each spoke (line) of the wheel should be straight and the team should be leaning into the center of the wheel. The difficulty of the wheel can be increased by adding footwork, changing the rotational direction of the wheel, configuration of the wheel.

=== Elements ===
Programs incorporate a set number of specific elements that is announced at the beginning of each season.<ref name=":2" /> Currently junior and senior teams both complete 5 elements in the [[Short program (figure skating)|short program]], in the [[Free skating|free skate]] junior teams attempt 8 elements, and senior teams attempt 10.

==== Artistic Element ====
Done in ether a circle/wheel formation, or a line/block formation, this element should be used to emphasize the music or theme of the program with no requirements for steps or changes of place.

==== Creative Element ====
Selected each season, the creative element is intended to be a unique interpretation of the other defined elements or formations (e.g.: creative wheel, creative lift)

==== Group Lift Element ====
[[File:Haydenettes2013-01.jpg|alt=|thumb|Haydenettes performing a group lift]]
Incorporating all members of the team, skaters form different groups with each lifted skater supported by two or more teammates at any height. Group lifts can be classified as being ether gliding or rotational, with rotational lifts starting gliding then having the supporting skaters switch between forwards and backwards gliding to rotate the lifted skater.

==== Intersection Element ====
[[File:GoldenBlades, Tappara 20091213-5.jpg|Golden Blades performing an intersection|alt=Golden Blades performing an intersection|thumb]]
An intersection, is when the skaters proceed towards each other in lines and intersect. The intersection can consist of two to four lines, with three and four line intersections forming a triangle or box shape before and after intersecting. The entry to the intersection can be made more difficult by executing various free skating or pair movements while forming the lines, or intersecting from an angle or a whip. The moment when the lines intersect is known as the point of intersection, here skaters do rotational turns or free skating movements to increase the level of difficulty.

==== Mixed Element ====
Consisting of at least two separate element formations occurring simultaneously and interacting with each other. Some examples would be a circle within a wheel or line intersecting a block.

==== Move Element ====
This element is a sequence of movements that must include free skating moves such as spirals, biellmanns, or 180's. The team can be split into units to execute additional features for levels of difficulty, such as ducking under each other's legs, changing edge, or transitioning from one position to another.

==== No Hold Element ====
[[File:2015 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final Team Nexxice IMG 9184.JPG|thumb|Nexxice at 2015 Grand Prix performing a no hold element]]
Done in a block formation, the skaters are disconnected but maintain even spacing while executing step sequences and changes of configuration.

==== Pair Element ====
[[File:2015 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final Team Suprise IMG 9105.JPG|thumb|Team Surprise at the 2015 Grand Prix performing death spirals, a common high-level pair element movement |alt=Team Surprise at the 2015 Grand Prix performing death spirals]]
Incorporating all members of the team, skaters are paired to execute pairs moves, free skating moves, and or step sequences.

==== Pivoting and Linear Elements ====
Done in block, or line formations, programs can include both pivoting and linear elements though they would be done in separate shapes. Pivoting elements rotate around a common center point and must remain connected for the majority of the element while maintaining shape and even spacing. Linear elements need to progress across the ice, and can utilize changes of placement and configuration.

==== Synchronized Spin Element ====
Characterized by all members of the team, in ether a solo or [[Pairs spins|pairs spin]]. Positioned on the ice in any identifiable shape, with all skaters maintaining the same spin position simultaneously, and moving from one position to another as a team.

==== Traveling and Rotating Elements ====
Done in circle, or wheel formation, rotation is necessary in both elements. Programs can include both traveling and rotating elements though they would be done in separate shapes, if a program only includes one element both wheel and circle formations can be used as a change of formation for difficulty. Traveling elements are characterized by ice coverage during the element with the circle or wheel required to continually move a certain distance along a set path while rotating. Rotating elements remain stationary. Both elements can utilize changes of position, rotation, and configuration for higher levels of difficulty.

==== Twizzle Element ====
Highlighting the [[twizzle]] turn, the team executes two to three twizzles, this element can be done in any identifiable formation. The skaters must execute their twizzles while maintaining the chosen shape or transitioning from one configuration to another, and rotating simultaneously. For added levels of difficulty teams can attempt the aforementioned change of place or configuration, different rotational directions for each twizzle, and certain difficult arm and free leg positions.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-27 |title=Difficulty Groups of Elements, Features and Additional Features Effective for the 2024/25 season |url=https://current.isu.org/synchronized-skating/rules/sys-communications/33826-isu-communication-2639/file |access-date=2024-12-25}}</ref>

==Competitions==

===International===
There are international synchronized skating competitions at the Senior, Junior, and Novice levels (with Senior being the most elite). The [[International Skating Union]] held the first official [[ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships|World Synchronized Skating Championships]] (WSSC) in 2000 in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. The top Junior teams from around the world competed from 2001 to 2012 at the [[ISU Junior World Challenge Cup]] (JWCC), held in a different location every year. The JWCC were accompanied in 2013 by the [[ISU World Junior Synchronized Skating Championships]], to be held biannually in odd-numbered years with the JWCC in even-numbered years.<ref name="WJSSC-1213-icenetwork">{{cite web|url=http://web.icenetwork.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20120618&content_id=33493786&vkey=ice_news|title=ISU OKs vocal music, awards 2015 championships|publisher=Ice Network|date=2012-06-18|access-date=2013-04-09|archive-date=2018-02-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180223051502/http://web.icenetwork.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20120618&content_id=33493786&vkey=ice_news|url-status=dead}}</ref> Other long-running, major international events attracting elite teams at different levels include the [[French Cup (synchronized skating)|French Cup]], [[Spring Cup (synchronized skating)|Spring Cup]], [[Neuchâtel Trophy]], [[Cup of Berlin]], [[Zagreb Snowflakes Trophy]], [[Leon Lurje Trophy]] and [[Prague Cup]].

====ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships====
{{main|ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships}}
[[File:Haydenettes 2006.jpg|thumb|Haydenettes 2006]]
The [[ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships]] (WSSC) are the [[world championship]]s for synchronized skating. Held since 2000, the WSSC is an annual international event organized by the [[International Skating Union]]. The top positions have been dominated by [[Finland]], with three different World Champions ([[Marigold IceUnity]], [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]] and [[Team Unique]]) and 19 medals, and [[Sweden]] with the team ([[Team Surprise]]) with most World titles and medals for a single team (12 medals). Other major countries include Canada with five gold, four silvers and six bronzes (for [[NEXXICE]], [[Les Suprêmes (senior synchronized skating team)|Les Suprêmes]] and the now-discontinued [[Black Ice (synchronized skating team)|Black Ice]]), as well as the United States with two silvers and five bronzes (for [[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]] and [[Haydenettes]]).

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|- style="text-align:center;" 
|| Year
|| Location
|  style="background:gold;"| '''Gold'''
|  style="background:silver;"| '''Silver'''
|  style="background:#c96;"| '''Bronze'''
|| Source
|-
|[[2024–25 synchronized skating season|2025]]
|{{flagicon|FIN}} [[Helsinki|Helsinki, Finland]]
|{{Flagicon|FIN}} [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
|{{Flagicon|FIN}} [[Team Unique]] 
|{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Haydenettes]]
|
|-
|[[2023–24 synchronized skating season|2024]]
|{{flagicon|CRO}} [[Zagreb|Zagreb, Croatia]]
|{{Flagicon|Canada}} [[Les Suprêmes (senior synchronized skating team)|Les Suprêmes]]
|{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Haydenettes]]
|{{Flagicon|Finland}} [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
|
|-
|[[2022–23 synchronized skating season|2023]]
|{{flagicon|USA}} [[Lake Placid, New York|Lake Placid, USA]]
|{{Flagicon|Canada}} [[Les Suprêmes (senior synchronized skating team)|Les Suprêmes]]
|{{Flagicon|Finland}} [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
|{{Flagicon|Finland}} [[Team Unique]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships 2023 |url=http://results.isu.org/events/wsysc2023_SynchronizedSkating.htm |access-date=2023-06-06 |website=results.isu.org}}</ref>
|-
|[[2021–22 synchronized skating season|2022]]
|{{flagicon|CAN}} [[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton, Canada]]
|{{Flagicon|Canada}} [[Les Suprêmes (senior synchronized skating team)|Les Suprêmes]]
|{{Flagicon|Finland}} [[Marigold IceUnity]]
|{{Flagicon|Finland}} [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships 2022 |url=https://results.isu.org/results/season2122/wsysc2022/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220425023529/https://results.isu.org/results/season2122/wsysc2022/ |archive-date=2022-04-25 |access-date=2022-07-14 |website=results.isu.org}}</ref>
|-
|[[2020–21 synchronized skating season|2021]]
|{{flagicon|CAN}} [[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton, Canada]]
| colspan="3" |<small>Event cancelled</small>
|
|-
| [[2019&ndash;20 synchronized skating season|2020]]
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Lake Placid, New York|Lake Placid, USA]]
| colspan="3" | <small>Event cancelled</small> 
| style="text-align:center;" | <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200325171956/https://www.isu.org/inside-isu/isu-communications/communications/24160-isu-statement-isu-world-synchronized-skating-championships-2020-lake-placid/file]</ref>
|-
| [[2018&ndash;19 synchronized skating season|2019]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Helsinki| Helsinki, Finland]]
| {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Paradise (synchronized skating team)|Team Paradise]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Marigold IceUnity]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
| style="text-align:center;"| <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/season1819/wcsys2019/CAT001RS.HTM |title=ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships 2019 - Synchronized Skating |publisher=Isuresults.com}}</ref>
|-
| [[2017&ndash;18 synchronized skating season|2018]]
| {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Stockholm| Stockholm, Sweden]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Marigold IceUnity]]
| {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Team Surprise]]
| {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Paradise (synchronized skating team)|Team Paradise]]
| style="text-align:center;"| <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/season1718/wcsys2018/CAT001RS.HTM |title=ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships 2018 - Synchronized Skating |publisher=Isuresults.com}}</ref>
|-
| [[2016&ndash;17 synchronized skating season|2017]]
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Colorado Springs|Colorado Springs, USA]]
| {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Paradise (synchronized skating team)|Team Paradise]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Marigold IceUnity]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[NEXXICE]]
| style="text-align:center;"| <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/season1617/wcsys2017/CAT001RS.HTM |title=ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships 2018 - Synchronized Skating |publisher=Isuresults.com}}</ref>
|-
| [[2015&ndash;16 synchronized skating season|2016]]
| {{flagicon|HUN}} [[Budapest|Budapest, Hungary]]
| {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Paradise (synchronized skating team)|Team Paradise]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]] 
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Haydenettes]]
| style="text-align:center;"| <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/season1516/wcsys2016/CAT001RS.HTM |title=ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships 2016 - Synchronized Skating |publisher=Isuresults.com |access-date=2018-02-22}}</ref>
|-
| [[2014&ndash;15 synchronized skating season|2015]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton, Canada]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[NEXXICE]] 
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Marigold IceUnity]]
| {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Paradise (synchronized skating team)|Team Paradise]]
| style="text-align:center;"| <ref>{{cite web|first=Leslie |last=Graham |url=http://web.icenetwork.com/news/2015/04/11/117585632/canadas-nexxice-takes-lead-in-front-of-home-crowd |title=Canada's Nexxice takes lead in front of home crowd |date=2015-04-11 |website=Ice Network|access-date=2024-08-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150416041836/http://web.icenetwork.com/news/2015/04/11/117585632/canadas-nexxice-takes-lead-in-front-of-home-crowd |archive-date=2015-04-16 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| [[2013&ndash;14 synchronized skating season|2014]]
| {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Courmayeur|Courmayeur, Italy]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Marigold IceUnity]] 
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[NEXXICE]] 
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]] 
| style="text-align:center;"| <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/wcsys2014/index.htm|title=Synchronized Skating &ndash; Result|publisher=International Skating Union|access-date=2014-04-05}}</ref>
|-
| [[2012&ndash;13 synchronized skating season|2013]]
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Boston|Boston, USA]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Team Unique]] 
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[NEXXICE]] 
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Haydenettes]] 
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/wcsys2013/CAT001RS.HTM|title=Synchronized Skating &ndash; Result|publisher=International Skating Union|access-date=2013-04-29}}</ref>
|-
| [[2011&ndash;12 synchronized skating season|2012]]
| {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Gothenburg|Gothenburg, Sweden]]
| {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Team Surprise]] 
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[NEXXICE]] 
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Haydenettes]] 
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/syswc2012/CAT001RS.HTM|title=Synchronized Skating &ndash; Result|publisher=International Skating Union|access-date=2013-04-09}}</ref>
|-
| [[2010&ndash;11 synchronized skating season|2011]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Helsinki|Helsinki, Finland]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]] 
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Marigold IceUnity]] 
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Haydenettes]] 
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/syswc2011/CAT001RS.HTM|title=Synchronized Skating &ndash; Result|publisher=International Skating Union|access-date=2013-04-09}}</ref>
|-
| [[2009&ndash;10 synchronized skating season|2010]]
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Colorado Springs, Colorado|Colorado Springs, USA]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]] 
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Marigold IceUnity]] 
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Haydenettes]] 
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/syswc2010/CAT001RS.HTM|title=Synchronized Skating &ndash; Result|publisher=International Skating Union|access-date=2013-04-09}}</ref>
|-
| [[2008&ndash;09 synchronized skating season|2009]]
| {{flagicon|CRO}} [[Zagreb|Zagreb, Croatia]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[NEXXICE]] 
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Team Unique]] 
| {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Team Surprise]] 
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/syswc2009/CAT001RS.HTM|title=Synchronized Skating &ndash; Result|publisher=International Skating Union|access-date=2013-04-09}}</ref>
|-
| [[2007&ndash;08 synchronized skating season|2008]]
| {{flagicon|HUN}} [[Budapest|Budapest, Hungary]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
| {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Team Surprise]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[NEXXICE]]
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/syswc2008/CAT001RS.HTM|title=Synchronized Skating &ndash; Result|publisher=International Skating Union|access-date=2013-04-09}}</ref>
|-
| [[2006&ndash;07 synchronized skating season|2007]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[London, Ontario|London, Canada]]
| {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Team Surprise]]
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[NEXXICE]]
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/syswc2007/CAT001RS.HTM|title=Synchronized Skating &ndash; Result|publisher=International Skating Union|access-date=2013-04-09}}</ref>
|-
| [[2005&ndash;06 synchronized skating season|2006]]
| {{flagicon|CZE}} [[Prague|Prague, Czech Republic]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Marigold IceUnity]]
| {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Team Surprise]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/syswc2006/CAT001RS.HTM|title=Synchronized Skating &ndash; Result|publisher=International Skating Union|access-date=2013-04-09}}</ref>
|-
| [[2004&ndash;05 synchronized skating season|2005]]
| {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Gothenburg|Gothenburg, Sweden]]
| {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Team Surprise]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Marigold IceUnity]]
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/syswc2005/CAT001RS.HTM|title=Synchronized Skating &ndash; Result|publisher=International Skating Union|access-date=2013-04-09}}</ref>
|-
| 2004
| {{flagicon|CRO}} [[Zagreb|Zagreb, Croatia]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Marigold IceUnity]]
| {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Team Surprise]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/syswc2004/CAT001RS.HTM|title=Synchronized Skating &ndash; Result|publisher=International Skating Union|access-date=2013-04-09}}</ref>
|-
| 2003
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Ottawa|Ottawa, Canada]] 
| {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Team Surprise]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Marigold IceUnity]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Les Suprêmes (senior synchronized skating team)|Les Suprêmes]]
|
|-
| 2002
| {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Rouen|Rouen, France]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Marigold IceUnity]]
| {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Team Surprise]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[black ice (synchronized skating team)|black ice]]
|
|-
| 2001
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Helsinki|Helsinki, Finland]]
| {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Team Surprise]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[black ice (synchronized skating team)|black ice]]
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref name="2001wssc-results">{{cite web|url=http://ww2.isu.org/synchro/events/0001/worlds01.html|title=2001 World Synchronized Skating Championships|publisher=International Skating Union|access-date=2013-04-09|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304061930/http://ww2.isu.org/synchro/events/0001/worlds01.html|archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref>
|-
| 2000
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Minneapolis|Minneapolis, USA]]
| {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Team Surprise]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[black ice (synchronized skating team)|black ice]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Marigold IceUnity]]
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref name="2000wssc-results">{{cite web|url=http://ww2.isu.org/synchro/events/9900/00worldsync.html|title=2000 World Synchronized Skating Championships|publisher=International Skating Union|access-date=2013-04-09|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304045643/http://ww2.isu.org/synchro/events/9900/00worldsync.html|archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref>
|}

====ISU World Junior Synchronized Skating Championships====
{{main|ISU World Junior Synchronized Skating Championships}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Year
! Location
! Gold
! Silver
! Bronze
! Source
|-
|2024
|{{flagicon|SUI}}[[Neuchatel, Switzerland]]
| |{{Flagicon|Canada}}[[Les Suprêmes (junior synchronized skating team)|Les Suprêmes]]
|{{Flagicon|Finland}}[[Team Fintastic]]
|{{Flagicon|USA}}[[Skyliners]]
|
|-
|2023
|{{flagicon|FRA}}[[Angers|Angers, France]]
| |{{Flagicon|Finland}}[[Team Fintastic]]
|{{Flagicon|Canada}}[[NEXXICE]]
|{{Flagicon|USA}}[[Skyliners]]
|
|-
|2022
|{{flagicon|AUT
}}[[Innsbruck|Innsbruck, Austria]]
|{{Flagicon|Finland}}[[Team Fintastic]]
|{{Flagicon|USA}}[[Skyliners (Synchronized skating team)|Skyliners]]
|{{Flagicon|USA}}[[Teams Elite]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISU World Junior Synchronized Skating Championships 2022 |url=https://results.isu.org/results/season2122/wjsysc2022/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220714052813/https://results.isu.org/results/season2122/wjsysc2022/CAT001RS.htm |archive-date=2022-07-14 |access-date=2022-07-14 |website=results.isu.org}}</ref>
|-
|2021
|{{flagicon|FRA}}[[Lyon|Lyon, France]]
| colspan="3" |<small>Event Cancelled</small>
|
|- 2021. event canceled
| 2020
| {{flagicon|GBR}} [[Nottingham, United Kingdom]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Team Fintastic]]
| {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Team Junost(synchronized skating team)|Team Junost]]
| {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Team Crystal Ice]]
| align="center" |<ref name="wjssc-1920-results">{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/season1920/wjcsys2020/CAT001RS.htm|title=Junior Synchronized Skating|publisher=International Skating Union}}</ref>
|-
| 2019
| {{flagicon|SUI}} [[Neuchatel, Switzerland]]
| {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Team Junost(synchronized skating team)|Team Junost]]
| {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Team Crystal Ice]]
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Team Skyliners]] 
| align="center" |<ref name="wjssc-1819-results">{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/season1819/wjcsys2019/CAT001RS.HTM|title=Junior Synchronized Skating|publisher=International Skating Union}}</ref>
|-
| 2018
| {{flagicon|CRO}} [[Zagreb|Zagreb, Croatia]]
| {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Team Junost(synchronized skating team)|Team Junost]]
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Team Skyliners]]
| {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Team Crystal Ice]] 
| align="center" |<ref name="wjssc-1718-results">{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/season1718/wjcsys2018/|title=Junior Synchronized Skating|publisher=International Skating Union|access-date=2017-08-11}}</ref>
|-
| 2017
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Mississauga]], Canada
| {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Team Junost (synchronized skating team)|Team Junost]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Team Fintastic]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Musketeers]] 
| align="center" |<ref name="wjssc-1617-results">{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/season1617/wjcsys2017/|title=Junior Synchronized Skating|publisher=International Skating Union|access-date=2016-07-11}}</ref>
|-
| 2015
| {{flagicon|CRO}} [[Zagreb|Zagreb, Croatia]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Musketeers (synchronized skating team)|Musketeers]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Team Fintastic]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Les Suprêmes (junior synchronized skating team)|Les Suprêmes]] 
|align=center|<ref name="wjssc-2015-results">{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/syswjc2015/index.htm|title=Junior Synchronized Skating|publisher=International Skating Union|access-date=2014-05-11}}</ref>
|-
| 2013
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Helsinki|Helsinki, Finland]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Musketeers (synchronized skating team)|Musketeers]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Team Fintastic]]
| {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Spartak-Junost]]
|align=center|<ref name="wjssc-1213-results">{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/syswjc2013/CAT001RS.HTM|title=Junior Synchronized Skating|publisher=International Skating Union|access-date=2013-04-11}}</ref>
|}

====ISU Junior World Challenge Cup====
{{main|ISU Junior World Challenge Cup}}The Junior World Challenge Cup was held bi-annually starting in 2013 alternating with the newly introduced World Junior Championships until being discontinued after the [[2015-16 synchronized skating season|2015-16]] season.  
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Location
! Gold
! Silver
! Bronze
! Source(s)
|-
| 2016
| {{flagicon|CRO}} [[Zagreb|Zagreb, Croatia]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Les Suprêmes (junior synchronized skating team)|Les Suprêmes]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Team Fintastic]]
| {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Team Junost]]
| align="center" | <ref name="1516 res">{{Cite web|url=http://static.isu.org/media/309115/isu_sys_junior_world_challenge_cup_2016_protocol.pdf|title=Synchronized Skating Junior World Challenge Cup 2016|publisher=International Skating Union|date=2016-03-12|access-date=2016-03-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915200111/http://static.isu.org/media/309115/isu_sys_junior_world_challenge_cup_2016_protocol.pdf|archive-date=15 September 2016}}</ref>
|-
| 2014
| {{flagicon|SUI}} [[Neuchâtel|Neuchâtel, Switzerland]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Team Fintastic]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Les Suprêmes (junior synchronized skating team)|Les Suprêmes]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Musketeers (synchronized skating team)|Musketeers]]
| align="center" | {{r|1314 jwcc}}
|-
| 2012
| {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Gothenburg|Gothenburg, Sweden]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Team Fintastic]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Musketeers (synchronized skating team)|Musketeers]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Les Suprêmes (junior synchronized skating team)|Les Suprêmes]]
| align="center" | <ref name="isu-jwcc-1112-results">{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/syswjc2012/CAT001RS.HTM|title=Junior Synchronized|publisher=International Skating Union|date=2012-03-17|access-date=2013-04-11}}</ref>
|-
| 2011
| {{flagicon|SUI}} [[Neuchâtel, Switzerland]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Team Fintastic]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Musketeers (synchronized skating team)|Musketeers]]
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Team Braemar]]
| align="center" | <ref name="usfs2012mg" />
|-
| 2010
| {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Gothenburg|Gothenburg, Sweden]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Team Fintastic]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[NEXXICE]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Musketeers (synchronized skating team)|Musketeers]]
| align="center" | <ref name="usfs2012mg" /><ref name="isu-jwcc-0910-results">{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/syswjc2010/CAT001RS.HTM|title=ISU Synchronized Skating|publisher=International Skating Union|date=2010-03-13|access-date=2013-04-11}}</ref>
|-
| 2009
| {{flagicon|SUI}} [[Neuchâtel, Switzerland]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Team Fintastic]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[NEXXICE]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Musketeers (synchronized skating team)|Musketeers]]
| align="center" | <ref name="usfs2012mg" />
|-
| 2008
| {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Rouen|Rouen, France]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Team Fintastic]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} Gold Ice
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Musketeers (synchronized skating team)|Musketeers]]
| align="center" | <ref name="usfs2012mg" />
|-
| 2007
| {{flagicon|GBR}} [[Nottingham|Nottingham, Great Britain]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Team Fintastic]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Les Suprêmes (junior synchronized skating team)|Les Suprêmes]]
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Chicago Jazz (synchronized skating team)|Chicago Jazz]]
| align="center" | <ref name="isu-jwcc-0607-results">{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/syswjc2007/CAT001RS.HTM|title=ISU World Challenge Cup for Juniors|publisher=International Skating Union|date=2007-03-10|access-date=2013-04-11}}</ref>
|-
| 2006
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Helsinki|Helsinki, Finland]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Musketeers (synchronized skating team)|Musketeers]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Team Fintastic]]
| {{flagicon|USA}} [[Chicago Jazz (synchronized skating team)|Chicago Jazz]]
| align="center" | <ref name="usfs2012mg" />
|-
| 2005
| {{flagicon|SUI}} [[Neuchâtel, Switzerland]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Musketeers (synchronized skating team)|Musketeers]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Team Mystique]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} Gold Ice
| align="center" | <ref name="usfs2012mg" />
|-
| 2004
| {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Milan|Milan, Italy]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Musketeers (synchronized skating team)|Musketeers]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Team Mystique]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} Gold Ice
| align="center" | <ref name="usfs2012mg" />
|-
| 2003 || {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Kungsbacka|Kungsbacka, Sweden]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Musketeers (synchronized skating team)|Musketeers]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} Burlington Ice Image
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Les Suprêmes (junior synchronized skating team)|Les Suprêmes]]
| align="center" | <ref name="usfs2012mg" />
|-
| 2002
| {{flagicon|CRO}} [[Zagreb|Zagreb, Croatia]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} Ice Image
| {{flagicon|RUS}} Spartak-Leader
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Musketeers (synchronized skating team)|Musketeers]]
| align="center" | <ref name="usfs2012mg" />
|-
| 2001
| {{flagicon|SUI}} [[Neuchâtel, Switzerland]]
| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Team Fintastic]]
| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Les Suprêmes (junior synchronized skating team)|Les Suprêmes]]
| {{flagicon|USA}} Superettes
| align="center" | <ref name="usfs2012mg" />
|}

===Finland===
[[File:Team Unique 20091213 - nro 03.jpg|thumb|upright|Team Unique 2013]]
{{see also|Finnish Synchronized Skating Championships}}
The Finnish member of ISU, the Finnish Figure Skating Association, holds the Finnish Synchronized Skating Championships at the Novice, Junior and Senior levels. Also, it holds two Finnish Championships Qualifiers before the nationals. Since the late 1990s, the senior-level battle for the qualifier wins and Finnish Championship&mdash;and the ensuing [[ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships]] (WSSC) entries&mdash;has mainly been fought between three teams from Helsinki, [[Marigold IceUnity]], [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]] and [[Team Unique]], while a fourth and sometimes a fifth Senior team has competed along in the intervening years.

====Finnish Senior Championships medalists====
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|- style="text-align:center;" 
|| '''Year'''
|| '''Location'''
|  style="background:gold;"| '''Gold'''
|  style="background:silver;"| '''Silver'''
|  style="background:#c96;"| '''Bronze'''
|| '''Source'''
|-
| 2022
| Helsinki
| [[Team Unique]]
| [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
| [[Marigold IceUnity]]
|align=center|{{r|1314 FIN nat}}
|-
| 2022
| Tampere
| [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
| [[Marigold IceUnity]]
| [[Dream Edges]]
|align=center|{{r|1314 FIN nat}}
|-
| 2021
| Helsinki
| [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
| [[Team Unique]]
| [[Marigold IceUnity]]
|align=center|{{r|1314 FIN nat}}
|-
| 2020
| Espoo
| [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
| [[Team Unique]]
| [[Marigold IceUnity]]
|align=center|{{r|1314 FIN nat}}
|-
| 2019
| Turku
| [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
| [[Marigold IceUnity]]
| [[Team Unique]]
|align=center|{{r|1314 FIN nat}}
|-
| 2018
| Helsinki
| [[Marigold IceUnity]]
| [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
| [[Team Unique]]
|align=center|{{r|1314 FIN nat}}
|-
| 2017
| Espoo
| [[Team Unique]]
| [[Marigold IceUnity]]
| [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
|align=center|{{r|1314 FIN nat}}
|-
| 2016
| Helsinki
| [[Team Unique]]
| [[Marigold IceUnity]]
| [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
|align=center|{{r|1314 FIN nat}}
|-
| 2015
| Tampere
| [[Marigold IceUnity]]
| [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
| [[Team Unique]]
|align=center|{{r|1314 FIN nat}}
|-
| 2014
| Helsinki
| [[Marigold IceUnity]]
| [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
| [[Team Unique]]
|align=center|{{r|1314 FIN nat}}
|-
| 2013
| [[Turku]]
| [[Team Unique]]
| [[Marigold IceUnity]]
| [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
|align=center|<ref name="fin-nat-1213">{{cite web|url=http://www.figureskatingresults.fi/results/1213/MLSM13/CAT011RS.HTM|title=SM-kilpailut 23.-24.2.2013 &ndash; SM-seniorit &ndash; Result|publisher=Finnish Figure Skating Association|language=fi|access-date=2013-05-10}}</ref>
|-
| 2012
| [[Espoo]]
| Rockettes
| Marigold IceUnity
| Team Unique
|align=center|<ref name="fin-nat-1112">{{cite web|url=http://www.figureskatingresults.fi/results/1112/MLSM12/CAT003RS.HTM|title=ML SM-kilpailut 24.-26.2.2012 &ndash; SM-seniorit &ndash; Result|publisher=Finnish Figure Skating Association|language=fi|access-date=2013-05-10}}</ref>
|-
| 2011
| Espoo
| Rockettes
| Marigold IceUnity
| Team Unique
|align=center|<ref name="fin-nat-1011">{{cite web|url=http://www.figureskatingresults.fi/results/1011/MLSM11/CAT014RS.HTM|title=ML SM-KILPAILUT 4.-6.3.2011 &ndash; SM-SENIORIT &ndash; Result|publisher=Finnish Figure Skating Association|language=fi|access-date=2013-05-10}}</ref>
|-
| 2010
| Espoo
| Rockettes
| Marigold IceUnity
| Team Unique
|align=center|<ref name="fin-nat-0910">{{cite web|url=http://www.figureskatingresults.fi/results/0910/MLSM%202010/CAT014RS.HTM|title=Muodostelmaluistelu SM 26.-28.2.2010 &ndash; SM-seniorit &ndash; Result|publisher=Finnish Figure Skating Association|language=fi|access-date=2013-05-10}}</ref>
|-
| 2009
| Helsinki
| Marigold IceUnity
| Team Unique
| Rockettes
|align=center|<ref name="fin-nat-0809">{{cite web|url=http://www.figureskatingresults.fi/results/0809/MLSM2009/CAT037RS.HTM|title=SM-kilpailut Seniorit ja Juniorit 6.-7.3.2009 &ndash; SM-seniorit &ndash; Result|publisher=Finnish Figure Skating Association|language=fi|access-date=2013-05-10}}</ref>
|-
| 2008
| Helsinki
| Rockettes
| Marigold IceUnity
| Team Unique
|align=center|<ref name="fin-nat-0708">{{cite web|url=http://www.figureskatingresults.fi/results/0708/MLSM08/CAT054RS.HTM|title=Muodostelmaluistelun SM-kilpailut 22.-24.2.2008 &ndash; SM-seniorit &ndash; Result|publisher=Finnish Figure Skating Association|language=fi|access-date=2013-05-10}}</ref>
|-
| 2007
| Helsinki
| Marigold IceUnity
| Team Unique
| Rockettes
|align=center|<ref name="fin-nat-0607">{{cite web|url=http://www.stll.fi/nordics2012/entries/?x2625178=153948|title=Marigold IceUnitylle Suomen ennätys|language=fi|date=2007-03-05|publisher=Finnish Figure Skating Association|access-date=2013-05-10|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215234652/http://www.stll.fi/nordics2012/entries/?x2625178=153948|archive-date=2014-12-15}}</ref>
|-
| 2006
| Helsinki
| Marigold IceUnity
| Rockettes
| Team Unique
|align=center|<ref name="fin-nat-0506">{{cite web|url=http://www.stll.fi/nordics2012/entries/?x2625178=153408|title=Marigold IceUnity ja Musketeers Suomen mestari|language=fi|date=2006-02-27|publisher=Finnish Figure Skating Association|access-date=2013-05-10|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215235036/http://www.stll.fi/nordics2012/entries/?x2625178=153408|archive-date=2014-12-15}}</ref>
|}

====Finnish qualifications for the ISU WSSC====
Throughout the years, the Finnish senior teams qualifying for the [[ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships|World Championships]] have been selected based on their performance at the two qualifiers and the national championships. In the season 2012&ndash;13, the teams were selected as follows: the Finnish Champion qualified automatically as Team Finland 1 for the WSSC. Team Finland 2 at the WSSC was the team which earned the fewest points from the first qualifier, the second qualifier and the Finnish Championships. The points equaled the sum of the positions at the three competitions with growing coefficients: the coefficient was 0,3 for the first competition result, 0,5 for the second and 1 for the last.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stll.fi/luistelijalle/huippuluistelu/arvokilpailujen-valintakriteerit/muodostelmaluistelu/|title=Suomen Taitoluisteluliiton arvokilpailuvalintakriteerit kaudelle 2012-2013|publisher=Finnish Figure Skating Association|language=fi|access-date=February 25, 2013}}</ref>

===United States===
In the [[United States]], there are several other recognized age and skill levels. Sanctioned by the [[US Figure Skating Association]], the divisions include Beginner, Pre-Juvenile, Preliminary, Open Juvenile, Open Collegiate, and Open Adult (the non-qualifying divisions/ the divisions that do not go to Nationals) and Juvenile, Intermediate, Novice, Junior, Senior, Collegiate, Adult, and Masters (qualifying levels).

ISI ([[Ice Skating Institute]]) is another governing body which focuses on a more recreational form of competition and does not have the same divisions as those of the USFSA. Teams can compete in the Tot Jr. Youth, Youth Sr. Youth, Teen, Collegiate, Adult, or Master age groups, in any of five categories: Formation, Advanced Formation, Skating, Open Skating, and Dance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.skateisi.com/site/sub.cfm?content=programs_synchronized_skating |title=Ice Skating Institute |publisher=Skateisi.com |date=1990-01-06 |access-date=2018-02-22}}</ref>

While most skaters participating in synchronized skating are female, the rules allow mixed-gender teams.

====US Figure Skating Senior Championship====
{{main|U.S. Synchronized Skating Championships}}
The Senior team level consists of 16 skaters. Skaters must be at least 15 years old and have passed the Novice Moves in the Field test.

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year !! Location !! Gold !! Score !! Silver !! Score !! Bronze !! Score !! Pewter !! Score !! Source
|-
|2020
|[[Providence, Rhode Island]]
|[[Haydenettes]]
|203.19
|Skyliners
|194.94
|Crystallettes
|193.09
|[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]
|192.39
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ijs.usfigureskating.org/leaderboard/results/2020/27831/index.asp|title=usfigureskating.org|website=www.usfigureskating.org|access-date=2019-03-01}}</ref>
|-
|2019
|[[Plymouth, Michigan]]
|[[Haydenettes]]
|226.37
|Skyliners
|218.14
|Crystallettes
|201.63
|[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]
|196.95
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ijs.usfigureskating.org/leaderboard/results/2019/27804/index.asp|title=usfigureskating.org|website=www.usfigureskating.org|access-date=2020-03-01}}</ref>
|-
|2018
|[[Portland, Oregon]] 
|[[Haydenettes]]
|204.05
|Skyliners
|185.86
|[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]
|182.99
|Crystalettes
|166.89
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usfigureskating.org/leaderboard/results/2018/26193/CAT005SEG007.html |title=usfigureskating.org |publisher=usfigureskating.org |access-date=2019-09-14}}</ref>
|-
|2017
|[[Rockford, Illinois]] 
|[[Haydenettes]]
|208.83
|Crystallettes
|189.50
|Skyliners
|172.96
|[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]
|172.84
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usfigureskating.org/leaderboard/results/2017/24274/results.html |title=icenetwork.com |publisher=Usfigureskating.org |access-date=2018-02-22}}</ref>
|-
|2016
|[[Kalamazoo, Michigan]]
|[[Haydenettes]]
|202.26
|[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]
|183.86
|Skyliners
|169.47
|Crystallettes
|166.96
|
|-
| 2015 || [[Providence, Rhode Island]] || [[Haydenettes]] ||210.55 || [[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]] ||194.70 || Skyliners ||178.99 || Crystallettes ||173.78 ||
|-
| 2014 || [[Colorado Springs, Colorado]] || [[Haydenettes]] ||205.02 || Crystallettes ||179.77|| Starlights ||154.90 || [[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]] ||149.64||
|-
| 2013 || [[Plymouth, Michigan]] || [[Haydenettes]] || 206.33 || [[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]] || 191.28 || Crystallettes || 176.96 || Skyliners || 151.56 || style="text-align:center;"|<ref name="usfigureskating.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.usfigureskating.org/leaderboard/results/2013/68394/results.html |title=icenetwork.com |publisher=Usfigureskating.org |access-date=2018-02-22}}</ref>
|-
|2012 ||[[Worcester, Massachusetts]] ||[[Haydenettes]] ||202.92 ||Crystallettes ||185.54 || [[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]] ||182.64 ||ICE'Kateers || 145.15 || style="text-align:center;"|<ref>"2012 U.S. Synchronized Skating Championships" <http://www.usfsa.org/event_details.asp?id=45734>.</ref>
|-
|2011|| [[Ontario, California]] ||[[Haydenettes]] ||217.41 ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]] ||195.50 ||Crystallettes ||179.85 ||California Gold  || || style="text-align:center;"|<ref>"2011 U.S. Synchronized Skating Championships" <http://www.usfsa.org/event_details.asp?id=42351>.</ref>
|-
|2010 ||[[Minneapolis, Minnesota]] ||[[Haydenettes]] ||231.14 ||Crystallettes ||210.35 ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]] ||202.68 ||Starlights ||167.80 || align=center |<ref name=IN100306/>
|-
|2009 ||[[Portland, Maine]] ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]||204.72 || [[Haydenettes]] ||203.97 ||Crystallettes ||184.10 ||California Gold || || style="text-align:center;"|<ref>"2009 U.S. Synchronized Skating Championships." Icenetwork.com. 7 Mar. 2009. Ice Network. 11 Mar. 2009 <http://www.usfigureskating.org/leaderboard/results/50228/results.html>.</ref>
|-
|2008 ||[[Providence, Rhode Island]] ||[[Haydenettes]] ||213.37 ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]] ||201.26 ||Crystallettes ||184.10 ||California Gold  || || align=center |<ref name=usfs2013mg/>
|-
|2007 ||[[Colorado Springs, Colorado]] ||[[Haydenettes]] ||201.04 ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]] ||199.56 ||Crystallettes ||159.65 ||California Gold  ||158.06 || style="text-align:center;"|<ref>[http://www.usfigureskating.org/event_related_details.asp?ri=content/events/200607/sys-uschamps/senior-free.htm] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328220651/http://www.usfigureskating.org/event_related_details.asp?ri=content%2Fevents%2F200607%2Fsys-uschamps%2Fsenior-free.htm|date=2014-03-28}}</ref>
|-
|2006 ||[[Grand Rapids, Michigan]] ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]] ||179.72 ||[[Haydenettes]] ||161.28 ||Crystallettes ||155.12 ||Team Elan ||126.96 || style="text-align:center;"|<ref>[http://www.usfigureskating.org/event_related_details.asp?ri=content/events/200506/sys-uschamps/senior-free.htm] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328220051/http://www.usfigureskating.org/event_related_details.asp?ri=content%2Fevents%2F200506%2Fsys-uschamps%2Fsenior-free.htm|date=2014-03-28}}</ref>
|-
|2005 ||[[Lowell, Massachusetts]] ||[[Haydenettes]] ||* ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]] ||* ||Crystallettes ||* ||Team Elan || *|| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>[http://www.usfigureskating.org/event_related_details.asp?ri=content/events/200405/sys-uschamps/senior-final.htm] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328220353/http://www.usfigureskating.org/event_related_details.asp?ri=content%2Fevents%2F200405%2Fsys-uschamps%2Fsenior-final.htm|date=2014-03-28}}</ref>
|-
|2004 ||[[San Diego, California]] ||[[Haydenettes]] ||* ||Crystallettes ||* ||Team Elan ||* ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]  ||* || style="text-align:center;"|<ref>[http://www.usfsa.org/event_related_details.asp?ri=content/events/200304/uschamps-sys/senior-free.htm] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140121113540/http://www.usfsa.org/event_related_details.asp?ri=content%2Fevents%2F200304%2Fuschamps-sys%2Fsenior-free.htm|date=2014-01-21}}</ref>
|-
|2003 ||[[Huntsville, Alabama]] ||[[Haydenettes]] ||* ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]] ||* ||Team Elan ||* ||Crystallettes ||* || style="text-align:center;"|<ref>[http://www.usfigureskating.org/event_related_details.asp?ri=/content/events/200203/sys_uschamps03/results/senior-free.htm] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328220152/http://www.usfigureskating.org/event_related_details.asp?ri=%2Fcontent%2Fevents%2F200203%2Fsys_uschamps03%2Fresults%2Fsenior-free.htm|date=2014-03-28}}</ref>
|-
|2002 ||[[Lake Placid, New York]] ||[[Haydenettes]] ||* ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]] ||* ||Crystallettes ||* || || || align=center |<ref name=usfs2013mg/>
|-
|2001 ||[[Colorado Springs, Colorado]] ||[[Haydenettes]] ||* ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]] ||* ||Crystallettes ||* || || || align=center |<ref name=usfs2013mg/>
|-
|2000 ||[[Plymouth, Michigan]] ||[[Haydenettes]] ||* ||Team Elan ||* ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]] ||* || || || align=center |<ref name=usfs2013mg/>
|-
|1999 ||[[Tampa, Florida]] ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]] ||* ||[[Haydenettes]] ||* ||Starlets || || || || align=center |<ref name=usfs2013mg/>
|-
|1998 ||[[San Diego, California]] ||[[Haydenettes]] || ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]] || ||Team Elan ||* || || || align=center |<ref name=usfs2013mg/>
|-
|1997 ||[[Syracuse, New York]] ||[[Haydenettes]] ||* ||Team Elan ||* ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]] ||* || || || align=center |<ref name=usfs2013mg/>
|-
|1996 ||[[Chicago, Illinois]] ||[[Haydenettes]] ||* ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]] ||* ||Team Elan ||* || || || align=center |<ref name=usfs2013mg/>
|-
|1995 ||[[San Diego, California]] ||Team Elan||* ||[[Haydenettes]]  ||* ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]] ||* || || || align=center |<ref name=usfs2013mg/>
|-
|1994 ||[[Providence, Rhode Island]] ||[[Haydenettes]] ||* ||Team Elan ||* ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]] ||* || || || align=center |<ref name=usfs2013mg/>
|-
|1993 ||[[Detroit|Detroit, Michigan]] ||[[Haydenettes]] ||* ||Team Elan ||* ||Crystallettes ||* || || || align=center |<ref name=usfs2013mg/>
|-
|1992 ||[[Portland, Maine]] ||[[Haydenettes]] ||* ||Team Elan ||* ||Goldenettes ||* || || || align=center |<ref name=usfs2013mg/>
|-
|1991 ||[[Anchorage, Alaska]] ||[[Haydenettes]] ||* ||Goldenettes ||* ||Fraserettes ||* || || || align=center |<ref name=usfs2013mg/>
|-
|1990 ||[[Houston, Texas]] ||Goldenettes||* ||[[Haydenettes]] ||* ||Fraserettes ||* || || || align=center |<ref name=usfs2013mg/>
|-
|1989 ||[[Providence, Rhode Island]] ||[[Haydenettes]] ||* ||Goldenettes ||* ||Detroit Capets ||* || || || align=center |<ref name=usfs2013mg/>
|-
|1988 ||[[Reno, Nevada]] ||[[Haydenettes]] ||* ||Fraserettes ||* ||Detroit Capets ||* || || || align=center |<ref name=usfs2013mg/>
|-
|1987 ||[[Tulsa, Oklahoma]] ||Fraserettes||* ||[[Haydenettes]] ||* ||Figurettes||* || || || align=center |<ref name=usfs2013mg/>
|-
|1986 ||[[Boston, Massachusetts]] ||Hot Fudge Sundaes||* ||[[Haydenettes]]  ||* ||Detroit Capets ||* || || || align=center |<ref name=usfs2013mg/>
|-
|1985 ||[[Lakewood, Ohio]] ||Fraserettes||* ||Ice Crystallettes ||* ||Minneapplettes ||* || || || align=center |<ref name=usfs2013mg/>
|-
|1984 ||[[Bowling Green, Ohio]] ||Fraserettes||* ||Ice Crystallettes ||* ||<ref>"Ann Arbor Hockettes" <http://www.hockettes.com>.</ref> ||* || || || align=center |<ref name=usfs2013mg/>
|}

====USFSA Collegiate Championship====
The Collegiate team level consists of teams with 12-20 [[Figure skaters]] who must be enrolled in a college or degree program as full-time students. Skaters must also have passed the Juvenile Moves in the Field test.  It is a Varsity Sport at colleges such as [[Miami University]] and [[Adrian College]].  Many more have developed club-level collegiate teams without varsity status such as the team at The [[University of Delaware]] and the [[University of Michigan]].  The [[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team]] has been a trailblazer in collegiate synchronized skating, fielding the first completely funded varsity synchronized skating program in the United States, as well as working towards gaining "Synchro" [[NCAA]] status in the United States.

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year !! Location !! Gold !! Score !! Silver !! Score !! Bronze !! Score 
!Pewter
!Score!! Source
|-
|2023
|Peoria, IL
|Miami University
|
|Univ of Michigan
|
|Western Michigan
|
|
|
|
|-
|2022
|Colorado Springs, CO
|Miami University
|116.95
|Adrian College
|105.74
|Western Michigan
|104.30
|Univ of Michigan
|97.95
|
|-
|2020
|Providence, RI
|Univ of Michigan
|106.49
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|2019
|Plymouth, MI
|
|
|
|
|Univ of Michigan
|91.67
|
|
|
|-
|2018
|Portland, OR
|Univ of Michigan
|91.48
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|2017
|Rockford, IL
|Univ of Michigan
|88.22
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|2016
|Kalamazoo, MI
|Miami University
|90.12
|Univ of Michigan
|86.28
|Metroettes
|82.15
|
|
|
|-
| 2015 || [[Providence, RI]]||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]|| 94.12 ||Univ of Michigan || 85.69 ||Metroettes || 84.25 
|
| ||
|-
| 2014 || [[Colorado Springs, CO]]||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]|| 96.80 ||Team Excel || 78.77 ||Michigan State || 78.60 
|Univ of Michigan
| ||
|-
| 2013 || [[Plymouth, MI]]||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]|| 92.26 || Univ of Delaware || 84.11 || Univ of Michigan || 77.98 
|
| || style="text-align:center;" |<ref name="usfigureskating.org" />
|-
| 2012 || [[Worcester, MA]]||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]|| 87.80 || Univ of Delaware || 84.29 || Univ of Michigan || 80.83 
|
| ||
|-
| 2011 || [[Ontario, California|Ontario, CA]]||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]|| 96.16 || Michigan State || 85.17 || Univ of Michigan || 83.96 
|
| ||
|-
| 2010 || [[Minneapolis, MN]]||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]|| 107.60 || Univ of Michigan || 98.46 || Univ of Delaware || 94.97 
|
| ||
|-
| 2009 || [[Portland, ME]]||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]|| 100.63 || Univ of Illinois || 86.79 || Michigan State || 85.79 
|
| ||
|-
| 2008 || [[Providence, RI]]||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]|| 107.46 || Univ of Delaware || 97.77 || Michigan State || 87.11 
|Univ of Michigan
| ||
|-
| 2007 || [[Colorado Springs, CO]]||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]|| 102.61 || Michigan State || 92.17 || Univ of Delaware || 88.74 
|
| ||
|-
| 2006 || [[Grand Rapids, MI]]||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]|| || Western Michigan || || Univ of Delaware ||
|
| ||
|-
| 2005 || [[Lowell, MA]]||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]|| || Western Michigan || || Michigan State ||
|Univ of Michigan
| ||
|-
| 2004 || [[San Diego, CA]]|| Western Michigan || ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]|| || Univ of Delaware ||
|
| ||
|-
| 2003 || [[Huntsville, AL]]||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]|| || Western Michigan || || Univ of Michigan ||
|Univ of Michigan
| ||
|-
| 2002 || [[Lake Placid, NY]] ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]|| || Michigan State || || Western Michigan ||
|Univ of Michigan
| ||
|-
| 2001 || [[Colorado Springs, CO]] ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]|| || Western Michigan || || Michigan State ||
|
| ||
|-
| 2000 || [[Plymouth, MI]] ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]|| || Univ of Delaware || || Univ of Michigan ||
|
| ||
|-
| 1999 || [[Tampa, FL]] || Univ of Michigan || ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]|| || Univ of Delaware ||
|
| ||
|-
| 1998 || [[San Diego, CA]] ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]|| || Michigan State || || Bowling Green ||
|Univ of Michigan
| ||
|-
| 1997 || [[Syracuse, NY]] ||[[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami University]]|| || Bowling Green || || Western Michigan ||
|
| ||
|}

===Canada===
{{see also|Canadian Synchronized Skating Championships}}

The '''Canadian Synchronized Skating Championships''' were annual synchronized skating events, sanctioned by the [[Skate Canada]], held to determine the national champions of [[Canada]]. They were first held in 1983. Since 2000, it is during these events that the senior teams can qualify for the [[ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships]]. Since 2023, the Junior and Senior level teams are competing in the combined synchronized and [[Canadian Figure Skating Championships|figure skating]] championships, held as a single event known as the [[Canadian Figure Skating Championships|Canadian National Skating Championships]].

==Present day==

=== Why not Synchro Petition ===
Although not currently an [[Olympic Games|Olympic sport]],<ref name="SS Olympic" /> it has already been reviewed for Olympic eligibility.{{citation needed|date=May 2022}} In 2007 synchronized skating was selected to be part of the [[Universiade]] or [[World University Games]] as a demonstration sport. Teams from several countries competed in [[Turin]], Italy with Sweden, Finland, and Russia coming out on top.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=The Figure Skating Sport That's So Wild, It Isn't Even in the Olympics Yet|url=https://www.instyle.com/news/synchronized-skating-olympics|access-date=2020-07-27|website=InStyle|language=EN}}</ref>

"Why Not Synchro" is an ongoing campaign on social media through the hashtag #whynotsynchro and #whynotsynchro2018 on [[Facebook]], [[Twitter]], and [[Instagram]]. This was popularized at the Mozart Cup, held in Austria in January 2014. During the medal ceremonies, teams gathered on the ice and created the shape of the [[Olympic rings]]. This image was then shared over social media as skaters petitioned to raise awareness of the sport. A petition to the [[International Olympic Committee]] was posted on [[change.org]] calling for 15,000 signatures and asking the IOC "Synchronized Figure Skating: Make it an Olympic Event." The petition states "The time has come to add this incredible event to the pinnacle of the sport of figure skating."<ref name=":0" />

=== Effects of COVID-19 ===
Due to the abrupt appearance of [[COVID-19]], the 2019–2020 season was cut short to ensure safety of all teams. Elite US teams like the [[Haydenettes]], [[Skyliners]] and [[Miami University Synchronized Skating Team|Miami university]] were not able to compete internationally due to travel restrictions set in place in late March and early April.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Synchronized Skating Season Abruptly Ends for U.S. Teams| newspaper=U.S. Figure Skating Fan Zone |url=https://usfigureskatingfanzone.com/news/2020/3/13/synchronized-skating-season-abruptly-ends-for-us-teams.aspx}}</ref> The [[US Figure Skating]] Association is responsible for the health and well-being of the athletes and members.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.usfigureskating.org/news/article/considerations-competitions-and-events|title = Considerations for Competitions and Events &#124; U.S. Figure Skating| date=22 May 2020 }}</ref>

==Judging==
[[File:2015 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final synchronized skating medal ceremonies IMG 9508.JPG|thumb|upright=1.2|2015 Grand Prix Synchronized Skating Medal Ceremonies.]]

=== International IJS System ===
The competitive levels of synchronized skating, like those in other disciplines of [[Figure skating]], are now judged using the [[ISU Judging System]] that was introduced in 2004. Each element is assigned a difficulty level by the technical panel made up of a technical specialist, assistant technical specialist and a technical controller. Each level of difficulty for a particular element corresponds to a pre-determined base value. The base value is the number of points that are awarded for an executed element before the grade of execution or any deductions are applied.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.isu.org/inside-isu/isu-communications/communications/24326-2302-sys-sov-2020-21/file|title=Communication No. 2322 SYNCHRONIZED SKATING SCALE OF VALUES|publisher = ISU}}</ref> Judges assign a grade of execution from -3 to +3 to each of the elements. Each grade of execution, or GOE, corresponds to a point value. For each element, the highest and lowest GOE values are dropped and the rest are averaged then added to the base value. The sum of all the scores of the elements comprises the Technical Elements score.

==== Program Component Score ====
The judges will award points on a scale from 0.25 to 10 (in increments of 0.25) for three program components to grade overall presentation. As with Grade of Execution (GOEs), the highest and lowest scores for each component are thrown out, and the remaining scores are averaged. The final program components scores are then multiplied by a set factor to ensure the technical score and program components score are balanced.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web|url=https://www.usfigureskating.org/about/scoring-system|title = Scoring System &#124; U.S. Figure Skating}}</ref>

The five program components are:

* '''Skating Skills''' - The ability of the skater to execute the skating repertoire of steps, turns and skating movements with blade and body control.
* '''Performance''' - The demonstration of engagement, commitment and involvement based on an understanding of the music and composition.
* '''Composition''' - The intentional, developed and/or original arrangement of the repertoire and all types of movements into a meaningful whole according to the principles of proportion, unity, space, pattern, and musical structure.

==== Technical Score ====
Each element of the program is assigned a base value, which gives skaters credit for every element they perform. Some elements, such as spins and step sequences, have levels of difficulty on which the base values are established. Judges grade the quality of each element using a grade of execution score within a range of −5 to +5, which is added to or deducted from the base value. GOEs are proportional to the base value of each element. The highest and lowest scores for each element are thrown out, and the remaining scores are averaged to determine the final GOE for each element. The GOE is then added to or subtracted from the base value for each element, and the sum of the scores for all elements forms the technical score.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>

==== Segment Score ====
The technical score is added to the program components score to determine the segment score (short program/rhythm dance or free skate/dance). The scores for each segment are then added together to determine the competition score. The skater with the highest competition score is declared the winner. In the event of a tie, the team with the highest free program score wins the competition. The IJS is used at events in the national qualifying structure including the U.S. Championships as well as many local competitions at the juvenile through senior levels, including Excel.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>

=== 6.0 System ===
In the United States, the introductory levels of Aspire Beginner, Aspire Pre-Preliminary, Aspire Preliminary, Open Junior, Open Collegiate, Open Adult, and Open Masters are still judged under the 6.0 judging system.  These levels can compete at the regional level but cannot qualify for the national championships. The basic principle of the 6.0 system is a "majority" system. Each event is judged by an odd number of judges, and the winner of the event is the team placed highest by a majority of these judges.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>

=== Differences in Judging Systems ===
The IJS is based on cumulative points rather than the 6.0 standard of marks and placement. The IJS focuses on the skaters and not the judges. Judges do not have to use their memory to compare all aspects of every skater and figure out where to place them, but simply evaluate the qualities of each performance.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>

===Highest scores at ISU competitions===

====Short program====
<!-- Please do not add results from national competitions. The ISU does not recognize those as world records. -->
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" 
|-
!Rank
!Team
!Score
!Event
!Source
|-
! 1
|align="left"| {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Team Surprise]]
| 87.84
| 2004 [[Neuchâtel Trophy]]
| <ref name="synchro-neuchateltrophy-0304-sp-results">{{cite web|url=http://events.skating.ch/archiveNT/NT_2004_event/SEG001.HTM|title=Neuchatel Trophy|publisher=Swiss Ice Skating|access-date=2014-04-17}}</ref>
|-
! 2
|align="left"| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
| 83.46
| [[2009&ndash;10 synchronized skating season|2010]] [[Cup of Berlin]]
| <ref name="0910 berlin sp">{{cite web|url=http://www.deu-event.de/results/cob2010/SEG004.HTM|title=Cup of Berlin 2010|publisher=Deutsche Eislauf-Union|date=2010-01-16|access-date=2014-04-07}}</ref>
|-
! 3
|align="left"| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Team Unique]]
| 82.36
| [[2008&ndash;09 synchronized skating season|2009]] [[ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships|Worlds]]
| <ref name="0809 wssc sp">{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/syswc2009/SEG001.HTM|title=Synchronized Senior - Short Program|publisher=International Skating Union|date=2009-04-03|access-date=2014-04-07}}</ref>
|-
! 4
|align="left"| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[NEXXICE]]
| 80.12
| [[2008&ndash;09 synchronized skating season|2009]] [[ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships|Worlds]]
| {{r|0809 wssc sp}}
|-
! 5
|align="left"| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Marigold IceUnity]]
| 78.68
| [[2008&ndash;09 synchronized skating season|2009]] [[ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships|Worlds]]
| {{r|0809 wssc sp}}
|}

====Free skating====
<!-- Please do not add results from national competitions. The ISU does not recognize those as world records. -->
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" 
|-
!Rank
!Team
!Score
!Event
!Source
|-
! 1
|align="left"| {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Team Surprise]]
| 159.60
| 2004 [[Neuchâtel Trophy]]
| <ref name="synchro-neuchateltrophy-0304-fs-results">{{cite web|url=http://events.skating.ch/archiveNT/NT_2004_event/SEG002.HTM|title=Neuchatel Trophy|publisher=Swiss Ice Skating|access-date=2014-04-17}}</ref>
|-
! 2
|align="left"| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Marigold IceUnity]]
| 147.31
| [[2013&ndash;14 synchronized skating season|2014]] [[ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships|Worlds]]
| <ref name="1314 wssc fs">{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/wcsys2014/SEG002.HTM|title=Synchronized Skating - Free Skating|publisher=International Skating Union|date=2014-04-04|access-date=2014-04-07}}</ref>
|- 
! 3
|align="left"| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[NEXXICE]]
| 146.03
| [[2013&ndash;14 synchronized skating season|2014]] [[ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships|Worlds]]
| {{r|1314 wssc fs}}
|-
! 4
|align="left"| {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Paradise (synchronized skating team)|Paradise]]
| 145.84
| [[2013&ndash;14 synchronized skating season|2014]] [[Zagreb Snowflakes Trophy]]
| <ref name="1314 zst fs">{{cite web|url=http://zagreb-snowflakes-trophy.org/admin/js/filemanager/files/Rezultati2014/SEG008.HTM|title=12th Zagreb Snowflakes Trophy 2014|publisher=Croatian Skating Federation|date=2014-03-01|access-date=2014-04-07|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303224342/http://zagreb-snowflakes-trophy.org/admin/js/filemanager/files/Rezultati2014/SEG008.HTM|archive-date=2016-03-03}}</ref>
|-
! 5
|align="left"| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
| 145.68
| [[2013&ndash;14 synchronized skating season|2014]] [[ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships|Worlds]]
| {{r|1314 wssc fs}}
|}

====Combined total====
<!-- Please do not add results from national competitions. The ISU does not recognize those as world records. -->
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" 
|-
!Rank
!Team
!Score
!Event
!Source
|-
! 1
|align="left"| {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Team Surprise]]
| 247.44
| 2004 [[Neuchâtel Trophy]]
| <ref name="synchro-neuchateltrophy-0304-results">{{cite web|url=http://events.skating.ch/archiveNT/NT_2004_event/CAT001RS.HTM|title=Neuchatel Trophy|publisher=Swiss Ice Skating|access-date=2014-04-17}}</ref>
|-
! 2
|align="left"| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Rockettes (synchronized skating team)|Rockettes]]
| 223.90
| [[2009&ndash;10 synchronized skating season|2010]] [[ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships|Worlds]]
| <ref name="0910 wssc">{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/syswc2010/CAT001RS.HTM|title=Synchronized Senior|publisher=International Skating Union|date=2010-04-10|access-date=2014-04-07}}</ref>
|-
! 3
|align="left"| {{flagicon|CAN}} [[NEXXICE]]
| 223.58
| [[2008&ndash;09 synchronized skating season|2009]] [[ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships|Worlds]]
| <ref name="0809 wssc">{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/syswc2009/CAT001RS.HTM|title=Synchronized Senior|publisher=International Skating Union|date=2009-04-04|access-date=2014-04-07}}</ref>
|-
! 4
|align="left"| {{flagicon|FIN}} [[Marigold IceUnity]]
| 223.45
| [[2013&ndash;14 synchronized skating season|2014]] [[ISU World Synchronized Skating Championships|Worlds]]
| <ref name="1314 wssc">{{cite web|url=http://www.isuresults.com/results/wcsys2014/CAT001RS.HTM|title=Synchronized Senior|publisher=International Skating Union|date=2014-04-05|access-date=2014-04-07}}</ref>
|-
! 5
|align="left"| {{flagicon|RUS}} [[Paradise (synchronized skating team)|Paradise]]
| 220.54
| [[2013&ndash;14 synchronized skating season|2014]] [[Zagreb Snowflakes Trophy]]
| <ref name="1314 zst">{{cite web|url=http://zagreb-snowflakes-trophy.org/admin/js/filemanager/files/Rezultati2014/CAT005RS.HTM|title=12th Zagreb Snowflakes Trophy 2014|publisher=Croatian Skating Federation|date=2014-03-01|access-date=2014-04-07|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927201542/http://zagreb-snowflakes-trophy.org/admin/js/filemanager/files/Rezultati2014/CAT005RS.HTM|archive-date=2015-09-27}}</ref>
|}

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=

<ref name=usfs-synchro>{{cite web | url = https://www.usfigureskating.org/skate/skating-opportunities/synchronized-skating | title = Synchronized skating | publisher=U.S. Figure Skating |accessdate=July 3, 2022 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220314115028/https://www.usfigureskating.org/skate/skating-opportunities/synchronized-skating|archivedate=March 14, 2022 }}</ref>

<ref name=usfs2012mg>{{cite web | url = http://www.usfsa.org/content/mediaguide/2012%20Synchro%20Media%20Guide%20online.pdf | title = 2012 Synchro Media Guide | publisher = U.S. Figure Skating }}</ref>

<ref name=usfs2013mg>{{cite web | url = http://www.usfsa.org/content/mediaguide/2013%20Synchro%20Media%20Guide.pdf | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130121022058/http://usfsa.org/content/mediaguide/2013%20Synchro%20Media%20Guide.pdf | url-status = dead | archive-date = January 21, 2013 | title = 2013 Synchro Media Guide | publisher = U.S. Figure Skating }}</ref>

<ref name=IN100306>{{cite news | url = http://web.icenetwork.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20100306&content_id=8704848&vkey=ice_news | title = Haydenettes blow out competition for senior gold | first = Becca | last = Staed Bishop | work = [[U.S. Figure Skating|IceNetwork]] | date = 2010-03-06 }}</ref>

<!-- <ref name=IN111107>{{cite news | url = http://web.icenetwork.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20111107&content_id=25926922&vkey=ice_news | title = U.S. awarded 2012 JGP, 2013 synchro worlds| publisher=Ice Network | date = 2011-11-07 | access-date = 2013-02-26 }}</ref> -->

<!-- <ref name=isucalendar>{{cite web | url = http://www.isu.org/vsite/vnavsite/page/directory/0,10853,4844-182959-200177-nav-list,00.html | title = ISU Calendar of Events | publisher = International Skating Union | access-date = 2013-03-04 }}</ref> -->

<ref name="1314 jwcc">{{cite web|url=http://events.skating.ch/events1314/JWCC_2014/CAT001RS.HTM|title=Junior World Challenge Cup 2014|publisher=International Skating Union|date=2014-03-08|access-date=2014-03-11}}</ref>

<ref name="1314 FIN nat">{{cite web|url=http://www.figureskatingresults.fi/results/1314/MLSM2014/CAT011RS.HTM|title=ML SM 2014 22.-23.2.2014|publisher=Finnish Figure Skating Association|language=fi|date=2014-02-23|access-date=2014-03-11}}</ref>

}}

==External links==
*[https://www.isu.org International Skating Union]
{{Figure skating}}

[[Category:Synchronized skating| ]]
[[Category:Figure skating disciplines]]
[[Category:Ice skating]]
[[Category:Ice skating sports]]
[[Category:Sports originating in the United States]]
[[Category:Women's sports]]
[[Category:History of women's sports]]