Editing Systematic name

{{Short description|Name given in a systematic way to one unique group}}

A '''systematic name''' is a name given in a systematic way to one unique group, organism, object or [[chemical substance]], out of a specific population or collection. Systematic names are usually part of a [[nomenclature]].

A '''semisystematic name''' or '''semitrivial name''' is a name that has at least one systematic part and at least one [[trivial name|trivial]] part, <ref>Stedman's Medical Dictionary: [http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?semisystematic+name ''semisystematic name''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304044018/http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?semisystematic+name |date=2016-03-04 }}</ref><ref>{{GoldBookRef|title=semisystematic name (semitrivial name)|file=S05601}}</ref> such as a chemical [[common name|vernacular name]].

Creating systematic names can be as simple as assigning a [[prefix]] or a number to each object (in which case they are a type of [[numbering scheme]]), or as complex as encoding the complete structure of the object in the name. Many systems combine some information about the named object with an extra sequence number to make it into a [[unique identifier]].

Systematic names often co-exist with earlier common names assigned before the creation of any systematic naming system. For example, many common chemicals are still referred to by their common or trivial names, even by chemists.

==In chemistry<span class="anchor" id="chemistry"></span>==
In chemistry, a systematic name describes the chemical structure of a [[chemical substance]], thus giving some information about its chemical properties.

The ''[[Compendium of Chemical Terminology]]'' published by the [[International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry|IUPAC]] defines systematic name as "a name composed wholly of specially coined or selected syllables, with or without numerical prefixes; e.g. pentane, oxazole."<ref>{{GoldBookRef|title=systematic name|file=S06236}}</ref> However, when trivial names have become part of [[chemical nomenclature]], they can be the systematic name of a substance or part of it. Examples for some systematic names that have trivial origins are [[benzene]] (cyclohexatriene) or [[glycerol]] (trihydroxypropane).

==Examples==
There are standardized systematic or semi-systematic names for:
* [[Systematic element name|Chemical elements]] (following [[International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry|IUPAC]] guidelines)
* [[Chemical nomenclature]] (following IUPAC guidelines)
* [[Binomial nomenclature]], initiated by [[Carl Linnaeus]]
* [[Astronomical naming conventions|Astronomical objects and entities]] (administered by the [[International Astronomical Union]])
* [[Gene nomenclature|Genes]] (following [[HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee]] procedures)
* [[List of proteins|Proteins]]
* [[List of minerals recognized by the International Mineralogical Association|Minerals]] (administered by the [[International Mineralogical Association|IMA]])
* [[Nomenclature of monoclonal antibodies|Monoclonal antibodies]]

==See also==
* [[Biological classification]]
* [[Chemical element]]
* [[Chemical compound]]
* [[International scientific vocabulary]]
* [[List of Latin and Greek words commonly used in systematic names]]
* [[Name]]
* [[Namespace]]
* [[Naming convention]]
* [[Numbering scheme]]
* [[Retained name]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100626004648/http://www.acdlabs.co.uk/iupac/nomenclature/93/r93_125.htm Naming organic compounds] (archived)
* [http://www2.potsdam.edu/walkerma/inorg_naming.pdf Selected pages from IUPAC rules for naming inorganic compounds] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303180515/http://www2.potsdam.edu/walkerma/inorg_naming.pdf |date=2016-03-03 }}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Systematic Name}}

[[Category:Naming conventions]]