Editing TV Azteca

{{Short description|Mexican multimedia conglomerate}}
{{Infobox company
| name              = Televisión Azteca, S.A.B. de C.V.
| logo              =  Logotipo de TV Azteca.svg
| caption           = 
| trade_name        = TV Azteca
| type              = [[S.A. (corporation)|Sociedad Anónima Bursátil de Capital Variable]] 
| traded_as         = {{BMV|AZTECACPO|5730}}<br />{{BMAD|isin=MX01AZ060013|XTZA}}
| ISIN              = {{ISIN|sl=n|pl=y|MX01AZ060013}}
| genre             = 
| fate              = 
| predecessor       = [[Imevisión]] (1983-1993)
| successor         = 
| foundation        = {{start date and age|1993|08|02}}
| founder           = [[Hugo Salinas Price]]
| defunct           = 
| location_city     = [[Mexico City]]
| location_country  = [[Mexico]]
| location          = 
| locations         = 
| area_served       = 
| key_people        = Benjamín Salinas Sada <small>([[CEO]])</small> <br /> [[Ricardo Salinas Pliego]] <small>([[President (corporate title)|President]])</small>
| industry          = [[Mass media]]
| products          = Television broadcasting, radio and multimedia
| services          = 
| revenue           = {{profit}} [[United States dollar|US$]] 3.9 Billion <small>(2012)</small>
| operating_income  = 
| net_income        = {{profit}} [[United States dollar|US$]] 2 Billion <small>(2012)</small>
| aum               = 
| assets            = 
| equity            = 
| owner             = 
| num_employees     = 6,000
| parent            = [[Grupo Salinas]]
| divisions         = 
| subsid            = 
| homepage          = {{URL|http://www.tvazteca.com}}
| footnotes         = 
}}
'''Televisión Azteca, S.A.B. de C.V.''', commonly known as '''TV Azteca''', is a Mexican multimedia conglomerate owned by [[Grupo Salinas]]. It is the second-largest [[mass media]] company in [[Mexico]] after [[Televisa]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gruposalinas.com/en/tv-azteca|title=TV Azteca|website=Grupo Salinas}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.perfectsensedigital.com/tv-azteca-deportes-noticias-and-more-sites-replatform-on-brightspot|title=TV Azteca, Mexico's Second-Largest Mass Media Company, Replatforms on Brightspot|date=2019-08-26|website=Perfect Sense|language=en|access-date=2020-04-18}}</ref> It primarily competes with Televisa as well as some local operators. It owns two national television networks, [[Azteca Uno]] and [[Azteca 7]], and operates two other nationally distributed services, [[adn40]] and [[A Más|A Más+]]. All three of these networks have transmitters in most major and minor cities.

TV Azteca also operates ''Azteca Trece Internacional'', reaching 13 countries in [[Central America|Central]] and [[South America]], and formerly part of the [[Azteca América]] network in the [[United States]]. Its flagship program is the newscast ''[[Hechos]]''.

==History==
===Formation===
{{see also|Imevisión}}
[[Image:Torre-TV-Azteca-(1).JPG|thumb|200px|left|TV Azteca, Chihuahua City, Chihuahua.]]
In the early 1990s, the presidency of [[Carlos Salinas de Gortari]] privatized many government assets. Among them was the Instituto Mexicano de la Televisión, known as [[Imevisión]], which owned two national television networks (Red Nacional 7 and Red Nacional 13) and three local TV stations. In preparation for the privatization, the Imevisión stations were parceled into a variety of newly created companies, the largest of which was named Televisión Azteca, S.A. de C.V.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Peschard-Sverdrup|first1=Armand B.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mvTdHGuBiBYC&q=tv+azteca+imevision&pg=PA281|title=Mexican Governance: From Single-party Rule to Divided Government|last2=Rioff|first2=Sara|date=2005|publisher=CSIS|isbn=978-0-89206-457-1|pages=281|language=en}}</ref>

With the exception of [[XEIMT-TDT|Canal 22]], which was spun off to [[Conaculta]], one bidder won all of the stations. On July 18, 1993,<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Political and mobile media landscape in México: the case of #yosoy132|last = Goggin; Albarrán|first = G.;C.|date = 2014|journal = Continuum: Journal of Media & Cultural Studies|volume = 28|pages = 28–42|doi = 10.1080/10304312.2014.870870|s2cid = 145301961}}</ref> Mexico's Finance Ministry, the [[Secretariat of Finance and Public Credit|''Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público'']] (SHCP), announced that Radio Televisora del Centro, a group controlled by [[Ricardo Salinas Pliego]], was the winner of the auction to acquire the "state-owned media package", which also included Imevisión's studios in the [[Ajusco]] area of Mexico City. The winning bid amounted to US$645 million. The new group soon took on the Televisión Azteca name for the entire operation and soon challenged Televisa, turning what had been a television monopoly into a television duopoly. The two conglomerates held 97 percent of the commercial television concessions in the country.<ref name=":0">Mahan, E. (1985). Mexican Broadcasting: Reassessing the Industry-State Relationship. Journal of Communication, 35(1), 60-75.</ref>

===Expansion===
[[File:TV-Azteca,_Mérida,_Yucatán_(01).jpg|thumb|right|250px|TV Azteca, Mérida, Yucatán.]]
In 1998, TV Azteca announced an investment of US$25 million in [[XHTVM-TDT|XHTVM-TV]], which was owned by Javier Moreno Valle through concessionaire Televisora del Valle de México, S.A. de C.V. Under the deal, Azteca restructured TVM and took control of ad sales and most programming duties, while Moreno Valle's CNI news service retained some primetime space. However, in 2000, Moreno Valle broke the contract with Azteca, alleging Azteca of filling up time allotted to CNI and not fulfilling the obligations in the contract. In December 2002, Azteca used private security guards to retake control of the XHTVM facilities on Cerro del Chiquihuite in Mexico City. However, the Mexican government stepped into the dispute and forced Azteca to relinquish control of XHTVM. In 2005, an employee strike that crippled CNI, Moreno Valle's mounting legal troubles, and a deal with the 5% owner of the concessionaire allowed Azteca to buy the remainder of the station and retake control of XHTVM, under the name Proyecto 40, in 2006.

[[Image:Aztecaqtroinstalaciones.jpg|thumb|250px|left|TV Azteca, Querétaro City, Querétaro.]]
On March 7, 2011, TV Azteca changed its name to ''Azteca'', reflecting its growth into a multimedia company.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.tvazteca.com/capitulos/vengalaalegria/39479/azteca-se-renueva-para-ti |title= Azteca se renueva para ti ("Azteca renews for you") |author= TV Azteca |date= March 7, 2011 |language= es |access-date= March 14, 2011 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110717114705/http://www.tvazteca.com/capitulos/vengalaalegria/39479/azteca-se-renueva-para-ti |archive-date= July 17, 2011 }}</ref> However, in May 2016, the TV Azteca name was restored.

TV Azteca is the second largest mass media company in México after Televisa.<ref name=":0"/> These two big organizations control the 97% of mass media in Mexico.<ref name=":0" /> TV Azteca was funded in 1993 by Ricardo Salinas Pliego. TV Azteca has 31% of the 465 television concessions in México.<ref name=":0" /> The auction of the state channels and the granting of further concessions to TV Azteca further strengthen their connection. It also owns Azteca banks, Azteca insurance, Iusacell, programing pay television, cinemas, live theater, news channels, newspapers, Azteca music, an acting school, Azteca consumer products, Azteca internet, Azteca series, Azteca sports, stadiums, etc. TV Azteca is another company which also serves the government however to a much lesser extent than Televisa.<ref>Murphy, P. D. (1995, December). Television and cultural politics in México: Some notes on Televisa, the state and transnational culture. The Howard journal of communication, pp. pp. 250-</ref> TV Azteca also receives lucrative contracts from the Mexican government, and therefore the information that emits is also controlled by the actual government.  The news that is normally emitted by TV Azteca is 25% news bulletins that come from advertising, and infotainment relying on celebrities and biased editorials.<ref name=":0" />

On March 21, 2023, creditors for the company pushed the company into an involuntary [[Chapter 11 bankruptcy]] petition in the U.S.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/legal/tv-azteca-creditors-push-involuntary-bankruptcy-court-filing-2023-03-21/|title=TV Azteca creditors push for involuntary bankruptcy -court filing|date=March 21, 2023|access-date=April 30, 2023|website=Reuters|language=en}}</ref> However, on April 26, TV Azteca asked the New York bankruptcy judge to dismiss its Chapter 11 case due to it being pointless to start reorganization proceedings for the company anywhere but Mexico.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.law360.com/articles/1601552/mexico-won-t-recognize-us-ch-11-tv-azteca-says|title=Mexico Won't Recognize US Ch. 11, TV Azteca Says|date=April 26, 2023|access-date=April 30, 2023|website=Law 360|language=en}}</ref> On June 1, 2023, TV Azteca was suspended from the Mexico Stock Exchange.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.reuters.com/article/mexico-tvazteca/mexicos-stock-exchange-suspends-tv-azteca-trading-for-not-reporting-q1-results-idINL1N37T1DO|title=Mexico's stock exchange suspends TV Azteca trading for not reporting Q1 results|date= 1 June 2023|access-date=21 June 2023|work=Reuters}}</ref>

==Sub-brands==
{{expand section|date=June 2021}}

===Azteca Noticias===

===Azteca Espectáculos===

===Azteca Deportes===
{{main|Azteca Deportes}}

===Azteca Novelas y Series===
{{main|List of TV Azteca telenovelas and series}}

==Services==
===Terrestrial networks===
;In Mexico:
{| class="sortable wikitable" class="wikitable"
|-
!Network
![[Flagship (broadcasting)|Flagship]]
![[Broadcast programming|Programming]]
|- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"
| '''[[Azteca Uno]]''' 
| [[XHDF-TDT|XHDF 1]]
| general programming and news and first-run [[telenovelas]]
|- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"
| '''[[Azteca 7]]'''
| [[XHIMT-TDT|XHIMT 7]]
| general programming, sports, and series
|- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"
| '''[[XHTVM-TDT|adn40]]'''
| [[XHTVM-TDT|XHTVM 40]]
| news and informational shows
|}

;Outside Mexico:
{| class="sortable wikitable" class="wikitable"
|-
!Network
![[Flagship (broadcasting)|Flagship]]
![[Broadcast programming|Programming]]
|- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"
| '''[[TV Azteca Guate]]''' 
| N/A
| [[Guatemala]]n channel with programming from TV Azteca's three television national networks in Mexico and local news
|- style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"
| '''[[TV Azteca Honduras]]'''
| N/A
| [[Honduras|Honduran]] channel with programming from TV Azteca's three television national networks in Mexico and local news
|}

===Formerly owned===
*[[Azteca América]]: [[United States|American]] broadcast network with programming from TV Azteca's three television national networks in Mexico and local news. The owner, [[Innovate Corp.|HC2 Holdings]], continued to use the Azteca branding under license.<ref>[https://www.cnbc.com/2017/11/29/globe-newswire-tv-azteca-announces-the-sale-of-azteca-america-to-hc2-network-inc.html TV Azteca Announces the Sale of Azteca America to HC2 Network Inc.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180320110116/https://www.cnbc.com/2017/11/29/globe-newswire-tv-azteca-announces-the-sale-of-azteca-america-to-hc2-network-inc.html |date=2018-03-20 }} - [[CNBC]] (released November 29, 2017; accessed March 19, 2018)</ref> Ceased operations on December 31, 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Azteca America will cease operations after 22 years in the US Hispanic|url=https://www.produ.com/noticias/eng/azteca-america-will-cease-operations-after-22-years-in-the-us-hispanic|website=PRODU|date=21 October 2022 |language=es-US}}</ref>
*[[KAZA-TV]] used to be the flagship of Azteca América from 2001 to 2018 but was sold to [[Chicago]]-based [[Weigel Broadcasting]], which stripped KAZA of its flagship status, and was replaced by MeTV as an O&O.

===Cable===
* '''Az Noticias'''
* '''[[Clic (TV channel)|Az Clic!]]''' (also broadcast as ''Azteca Clic'')
* '''Az Mundo'''
* '''[[Az Corazón]]''' (also broadcast)
* '''[[Cinema (Mexican TV channel)|Az Cinema]]'''
* '''Azteca Trece -1 hora'''
* '''Azteca Trece -2 horas'''
* ''' Azteca Deportes '''
* '''[[Romanza+ África]]''' - African channel

==Disputes and controversies==
{{main|Ricardo Salinas Pliego}}
On 5 January 2005, the [[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission]] (SEC) accused TV Azteca executives (including chairman [[Ricardo Salinas Pliego]]) of having personally profited from a multimillion-dollar debt fraud committed by TV Azteca and another company in which they held stock.<ref name="NYT">[https://www.nytimes.com/2005/01/05/business/media/05azteca.html The New York Times > Business > Media & Advertising > Chairman of TV Azteca Is Charged With Fraud] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522153757/http://www.nytimes.com/2005/01/05/business/media/05azteca.html |date=2013-05-22 }}, Patrick McGeehan, ''New York Times'', January 5, 2005.</ref> The charges were among the first brought under the provisions of the [[Sarbanes-Oxley Act]] of 2002,<ref name=NYT/> introduced in the wake of the [[Accounting scandals|corporate financial scandals]] of that year.

{{main|Ley Televisa}}
The [[Ley Televisa|Federal Radio and Television Law]] (known as the Ley Televisa) was a bill concerning the licensing and regulation of the electromagnetic spectrum. The LFRT was favorable to both TV Azteca and Televisa (who together control 95 percent of all television frequencies) because it allowed them to renew their licenses without paying for them. According to ''[[The Economist]]'', the Ley Federal de Radio y Televisión "raced through Congress confirming the country's longstanding television duopoly" and constituted a "giveaway of radio spectrum and a provision that allows broadcasting licenses to be renewed more or less automatically".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/node/9257810|title=Court TV|date=2007-05-31|newspaper=The Economist|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180212160355/http://www.economist.com/node/9257810|archive-date=2018-02-12}}</ref>

In February 2012, TV Azteca networks ([[XHIMT-TV|Azteca 7]], [[XHDF-TV|Azteca 13]], and [[XHTVM-TV|Proyecto 40]]) were dropped by Mexican cable-TV carriers representing more than 4 million subscribers in a [[carriage dispute]] over terms. Cable operators claimed that Azteca wanted to charge a fee by packaging its over-the-air stations with cable networks, such as news and soap opera channels, which potentially represented a higher cost to subscribers.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2012-02-14/tv-azteca-dropped-by-mexico-cable-carriers-over-pricing-dispute|title=TV Azteca Loses 4 Million Cable Viewers in Price Dispute|newspaper=Bloomberg.com |date=14 February 2012|via=www.bloomberg.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808160746/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2012-02-14/tv-azteca-dropped-by-mexico-cable-carriers-over-pricing-dispute|archive-date=8 August 2016}}</ref> After a nine-month absence, TV Azteca returned gradually to cable operators.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.anmtvla.com/2013/02/mexico-tv-azteca-regresa-cable.html|title=Mexico: TV Azteca regresa a Cable - Anime, Manga y TV|website=www.anmtvla.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130307022407/http://www.anmtvla.com/2013/02/mexico-tv-azteca-regresa-cable.html|archive-date=2013-03-07}}</ref>

In August 2018, [[American Tower]]'s Mexican Unit, MATC Infraestructura sued TV Azteca for $97 Million in a New York court for defaulting on a loan from the company.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mexico-azteca-idUSKBN1KU2OJ|title=American Tower feud 'not positive' for Mexico's TV Azteca, Fitch says|date=9 August 2018|via=www.reuters.com|newspaper=Reuters}}</ref>

== Holdings ==
TV Azteca is part of the conglomerate [[Grupo Salinas]], which includes the [[Grupo Elektra]] franchise of department stores, the [[Banco Azteca]] bank, and [[Seguros Azteca]] life insurance. TV Azteca also owns [[Liga MX]] soccer club, [[Monarcas Morelia]].

===Acting school===
The network has set up an acting school, Centro de Estudios y Formación Actoral (CEFAT). Alumni include [[Iliana Fox]], [[Luis Ernesto Franco]], [[Adriana Louvier]], [[Fran Meric]], [[Bárbara Mori]], [[Laura Palma]] and [[Adrián Rubio]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tvazteca.com/cefat/|title=Centro de Formación Actoral CEFAT|website=tvazteca.com|language=Spanish|accessdate=2 March 2021}}</ref>

===Record label===
The network also owns a record label, Azteca Music,<ref>Billboard - 25 Oct 1997 - Page 54 "The theme song of TV Azteca's new telenovela "Demasiado Corazon" was written and performed by noted salsero Willie Colon, who is signed in Mexico to Azteca's record label Azteca Music."</ref> which was founded in 1996.<ref>Florence Toussaint Alcaraz, ''TV sin fronteras'' - 1998 - Page 136: "También en 1996, Televisión Azteca inició su incursión en el negocio de los discos. Azteca Music se llama la nueva compañía, que como primer título de su catálogo tiene Nada personal, tema de la telenovela del mismo nombre compuesto ...</ref>

==Logos==
<gallery>
File:Logotipo de TV Azteca (1992-1993).png|1993
File:Logotipo de TV Azteca (1993-1994).png|1993-1994
File:TV Azteca logo (1994-1996).png|1994-1996
File:Logotipo de TV Azteca (1996-2011).png|1996-2011
File:Azteca logo.png|2011-2016
File:Logotipo de TV Azteca.svg|2016–present
</gallery>

== See also ==
* [[Televisa]]
* [[List of Broadcasting Companies in Latin America]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|TV Azteca}}
* [http://www.tvazteca.com/ TV Azteca official website]

{{Mexico Broadcast Television}}
{{Grupo Salinas}}
{{TV Azteca original series}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:TV Azteca| ]]
[[Category:1997 initial public offerings]]
[[Category:Companies based in Mexico City]]
[[Category:Companies formerly listed on the New York Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Madrid Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2023]]
[[Category:Conglomerate companies established in 1993]]
[[Category:Conglomerate companies of Mexico]]
[[Category:Entertainment companies established in 1993]]
[[Category:Entertainment companies of Mexico]]
[[Category:Grupo Salinas]]
[[Category:Mass media companies established in 1993]]
[[Category:Mass media companies of Mexico]]
[[Category:Mexican companies established in 1993]]
[[Category:Multimedia]]
[[Category:Multinational companies headquartered in Mexico]]
[[Category:Television broadcasting companies of Mexico]]
[[Category:Television networks in Mexico]]
[[Category:Television channels and stations established in 1993]]