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{{Short description|Highly-urbanized city and capital of Leyte, Philippines}} {{Use mdy dates|date=July 2022}} {{Use Philippine English|date=January 2023}} {{Infobox settlement | name = {{PH wikidata|name}} | image_skyline = {{multiple image | border = infobox | total_width = 250 | image_style = border | perrow = 1/2/2 | image1 = Tacloban downtown, Avenida Rizal (Tacloban, Leyte; 09-08-2022).jpg | image2 = Yolanda Shrine MV Eva Jocelyn 2023-11-17.jpg | image3 = Santo Nino Church Tacloban (002) 2023-11-19.jpg | image6 = Tacloban downtown, Justice Romualdez-Sen. Enage (Tacloban, Leyte; 04-29-2023).jpg | image7 = Santo Niño Shrine and Heritage Museum Tacloban 2023-11-17.jpg | image8 = Prince Mansion road view (Justice Romualdez, Tacloban, Leyte; 09-08-2022).jpg | image9 = Tacloban downtown central overlooking Calvary Hill (Tacloban, Leyte; 04-29-2023).jpg }} | image_caption = From top, left to right: Avenida Rizal, [[Yolanda Shrine]], [[Santo Niño Church (Tacloban)|Santo Niño Church]], Justice Romualdez Street, [[Santo Niño Shrine and Heritage Museum]], Prince Mansion, and aerial view of Downtown Tacloban | image_flag = Flag_of_Tacloban,_Leyte.png | flag_size = 120x80px | image_seal = Tacloban City Seal.png | seal_size = 100x80px | image_map = {{PH wikidata|image_map}} | map_caption = {{PH wikidata|map_caption}} | image_map1 = {{hidden begin|title=OpenStreetMap|ta1=center}}{{Infobox mapframe|frame-width=250}}{{hidden end}} | pushpin_map = #Visayas#Philippines | pushpin_label_position = right | pushpin_map_caption = Location within the {{PH wikidata|country}} | coordinates = {{PH wikidata|coordinates|region:PH-LEY_type:city(252,000)}} | settlement_type = {{PH wikidata|settlement_type}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Philippines | subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of the Philippines|Region]] | subdivision_name1 = {{PH wikidata|region}} | subdivision_type2 = [[Provinces of the Philippines|Province]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Leyte (province)|Leyte]] {{small|(geographically only)}} | official_name = {{PH wikidata|official_name}} | etymology = <!--origin of name--> | named_for = <!--named after (if person or place)--> | nickname = {{plainlist| *''Gateway to Eastern Visayas''<ref name="ManilaTimes-National">{{cite news |title=National transformation in Eastern Visayas |url=https://www.manilatimes.net/national-transformation-eastern-visayas/134890/ |access-date=April 21, 2019 |work=The Manila Times|date=October 17, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170324012826/http://www.manilatimes.net/national-transformation-eastern-visayas/134890/ |archive-date=March 24, 2017 |language=en |quote=But the most striking work of physical transformation today is to be seen in Tacloban City, which remains the gateway to Eastern Visayas.}}</ref> *''Home of the Happiest People in the World''<ref name="Sunstar-HomeHappiest">{{cite news |last1=Reyes |first1=Ronald O. |title='Tacloban City: Home of the happiest people in the world' goes viral |url=https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1513544 |access-date=April 21, 2019 |work=SunStar|date=April 20, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190421145913/https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1513544 |archive-date=April 21, 2019 |language=en}}</ref> }} | motto = ''City of Love, Beauty and Progresses'' | anthem = | subdivision_type3 = [[House of Representatives of the Philippines#District representation|District]] | subdivision_name3 = {{PH legislative district}} | established_title = [[Date of establishment|Founded]] | established_date = 1770 | established_title2 = Provincial capital | established_date2 = February 26, 1830 | established_title3 = Cityhood<ref name=RA760>{{cite web|url=http://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1953/06/06/proclamation-no-394-s-1953/|title=Proclamation No. 394, s. 1953|quote=Pursuant to the authority conferred upon me by section 89 of Republic Act No. 760, creating the City of Tacloban, I, Elpidio Quirino, President of the Philippines, do hereby fix June 12, 1953, for the organization of the Government of the City of Tacloban.|date=June 6, 1953|access-date=February 21, 2018}}</ref> | established_date3 = June 20, 1952 | established_title4 = Highly urbanized city<ref>[[Commission on Elections (Philippines)|COMELEC]] [http://www.comelec.gov.ph/?r=otherres/MR090036 Minute Resolution No. 09-0036]</ref> | established_date4 = December 18, 2008 | parts_type = [[Barangay]] | parts_style = para | p1 = {{PH barangay count | {{wikidata|label|raw}} }} (see [[#Barangays|Barangays]]) | leader_title = [[Mayor]] | leader_name = [[Alfred S. Romualdez]] ([[Nacionalista Party|Nacionalista]]) | leader_title1 = [[Vice Mayor]] | leader_name1 = [[Edwin Y. Chua]] ([[Aksyon Demokratiko|Aksyon]]) | leader_title2 = [[House of Representatives of the Philippines#Current composition|Representative]] <!--congressman or congresswoman --><!--congressman or congresswoman --> | leader_name2 = [[Martin Romualdez|Ferdinand Martin G. Romualdez]] ([[Lakas-CMD|Lakas]]) | leader_title3 = [[Sangguniang Panlungsod|City Council]] | leader_name3 = {{Collapsible list | title = List | frame_style = border:none; padding: 0; | list_style = text-align:left;display:none; | 1 = • Jerry S. Uy | 2 = • Edward Frederick I. Chua | 3 = • Ma. Elvira G. Casal | 4 = • Edson R. Malaki | 5 = • Aurora Aimee D. Grafil | 6 = • Leo O. Bahin | 7 = • Brian Steve G. Granados | 8 = • Jeric Dane G. Granados | 9 = • Christopher Randy L. Esperas | 10 = • Rachelle Erica C. Pineda | 11 = <small>[https://dilg.gov.ph/local-officials/master DILG Masterlist of Officials]</small> }} | leader_title4 = [[Elections in the Philippines#Qualification|Electorate]] | leader_name4 = {{PH wikidata|electorate}} voters ([[Philippine general election, {{PH wikidata|electorate_point_in_time}}|{{PH wikidata|electorate_point_in_time}}]]) | government_type = {{PH wikidata|government_type}} | government_footnotes = {{thinsp}}<ref>{{DILG detail}}</ref> | elevation_m = {{PH wikidata|elevation_m}} | elevation_max_m = 574 | elevation_min_m = 0 | elevation_max_rank = | elevation_min_rank = | elevation_footnotes = {{PH wikidata|elevation_footnotes}} | elevation_max_footnotes = | elevation_min_footnotes = | area_rank = | area_footnotes = {{PH area}} | area_total_km2 = {{PH wikidata|area}} | population_footnotes = {{PH census|current}} | population_total = {{PH wikidata|population_total}} | population_as_of = {{PH wikidata|population_as_of}} | population_density_km2 = auto | population_blank1_title = [[Household]]s | population_blank1 = {{PH wikidata|household}} | population_blank2_title = | population_blank2 = | population_demonym = Taclobanon | population_rank = | population_note = | timezone = [[Philippine Standard Time|PST]] | utc_offset = +08:00 | postal_code_type = [[List of ZIP codes in the Philippines|ZIP code]] | postal_code = {{PH wikidata|postal_code}} | postal2_code_type = {{PSGCstyle}} | postal2_code = {{PSGC detail}} | area_code_type = {{areacodestyle}} | area_code = {{PH wikidata|area_code}} | website = {{PH wikidata|website}} | demographics_type1 = Economy | demographics1_title1 = {{PH wikidata|income_class_title}} | demographics1_info1 = {{PH wikidata|income_class}} | demographics1_title2 = [[Measuring poverty|Poverty incidence]] | demographics1_info2 = {{PH wikidata|poverty_incidence}}% ({{PH wikidata|poverty_incidence_point_in_time}}){{PH wikidata|poverty_incidence_footnotes}} | demographics1_title3 = [[Revenue]] | demographics1_info3 = {{PH wikidata|revenue}} {{PH wikidata|revenue_point_in_time}} | demographics1_title4 = Revenue rank | demographics1_info4 = | demographics1_title5 = [[Assets]] | demographics1_info5 = {{PH wikidata|assets}} {{PH wikidata|assets_point_in_time}} | demographics1_title6 = Assets rank | demographics1_info6 = | demographics1_title7 = [[Internal Revenue Allotment|IRA]] | demographics1_info7 = | demographics1_title8 = [[Expenditure]] | demographics1_info8 = {{PH wikidata|expenditure}} {{PH wikidata|expenditure_point_in_time}} | demographics1_title9 = [[Liability (financial accounting)|Liabilities]] | demographics1_info9 = {{PH wikidata|liabilities}} {{PH wikidata|liabilities_point_in_time}} | demographics1_title10 = [[Gross domestic product]] | demographics1_info10 = ₱45,283 million (2021)<ref name="gdptacloban2021">{{Cite web|title=Province of Leyte Accounts for Half of the Economy of Eastern Visayas in 2021|url=https://psa.gov.ph/ppa/id/168529|access-date=2023-01-18|website=[[Philippine Statistics Authority]]}}</ref><br> $899 million (2021)<ref name="imfdec2021phptousd">{{Cite web|title=PH₱50.384 per dollar (per International Monetary Fund on Representative Exchange Rates for Selected Currencies for December 2021)|url=https://www.imf.org/external/np/fin/data/rms_mth.aspx?SelectDate=2021-12-31&reportType=REP|access-date=2023-01-18|website=[[IMF]]}}</ref> | demographics_type2 = Service provider | demographics2_title1 = [[List of electric distribution utilities in the Philippines|Electricity]] | demographics2_info1 = {{PH electricity distribution | {{wikidata|label|raw}} }} | demographics2_title2 = Water | demographics2_info2 = | demographics2_title3 = Telecommunications | demographics2_info3 = | demographics2_title4 = Cable TV | demographics2_info4 = | demographics2_title5 = | demographics2_info5 = | demographics2_title6 = | demographics2_info6 = | demographics2_title7 = | demographics2_info7 = | demographics2_title8 = | demographics2_info8 = | demographics2_title9 = | demographics2_info9 = | demographics2_title10 = | demographics2_info10 = | blank_name_sec1 = {{PH wikidata|climate_title}} | blank_info_sec1 = {{PH wikidata|climate_type}} | blank1_name_sec1 = [[Languages of the Philippines|Native languages]] | blank1_info_sec1 = {{PH wikidata|language}} | blank2_name_sec1 = [[Crime index]] | blank2_info_sec1 = | blank3_name_sec1 = | blank3_info_sec1 = | blank4_name_sec1 = | blank4_info_sec1 = | blank5_name_sec1 = | blank5_info_sec1 = | blank6_name_sec1 = | blank6_info_sec1 = | blank7_name_sec1 = | blank7_info_sec1 = | blank1_name_sec2 = Major religions | blank1_info_sec2 = | blank2_name_sec2 = Feast date | blank2_info_sec2 = | blank3_name_sec2 = Catholic diocese | blank3_info_sec2 = | blank4_name_sec2 = Patron saint | blank4_info_sec2 = | blank5_name_sec2 = | blank5_info_sec2 = | blank6_name_sec2 = | blank6_info_sec2 = | blank7_name_sec2 = | blank7_info_sec2 = | short_description = | footnotes = }} '''Tacloban''' ({{IPAc-en|t|æ|k|ˈ|l|oʊ|b|ə|n}} {{Respell|tak|LOH|ban}}; {{IPA|tl|tɐkˈloban}}), officially the '''City of Tacloban''' ({{langx|war|Syudad han Tacloban}}; {{langx|fil|Lungsod ng Tacloban}}), is a [[Cities of the Philippines#Legal classification|highly urbanized city]] on [[Leyte]] island in the [[Eastern Visayas]] region of the Philippines. According to the 2020 census, Tacloban has a population of 251,881, making it the most populous city in the [[Eastern Visayas]].{{PH census|current}} The city is located {{convert|360|mi|km}} southeast of [[Manila]]. Tacloban is the regional center of the Eastern Visayas region. It is also the largest city and capital of the province of [[Leyte (province)|Leyte]], wherein it is geographically situated and grouped under the province by the [[Philippine Statistics Authority]], but the city is governed and administered independently from it. Tacloban City was briefly the capital of the Philippines under the Commonwealth Government, from October 20, 1944, to February 27, 1945. In an extensive survey conducted by the [[Asian Institute of Management]] Policy Center and released in July 2010, Tacloban City ranks as the fifth most competitive city in the Philippines, and second in the emerging cities category.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://policy.aim.edu/research-and-knowledge-materials/publications/report-philippine-cities-competitiveness-ranking-project |title = Cities and Enterprises, Competitiveness and Growth: Philippine Cities Competitiveness Ranking Project 2009 |access-date = April 13, 2013 |publisher = Asian Institute of Management Policy Center |year = 2010 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140114080150/http://policy.aim.edu/research-and-knowledge-materials/publications/report-philippine-cities-competitiveness-ranking-project |archive-date = January 14, 2014 |df = dmy-all }}</ref> On November 8, 2013, the city was largely destroyed by [[Typhoon Haiyan]], having previously suffered similar destruction and loss of life in 1897 and 1912.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://opinion.inquirer.net/65685/tacloban-not-once-but-thrice | first = Ambeth R. | last = Ocampo | newspaper = Philippine Daily Inquirer | date = November 19, 2013 | title = Tacloban, not once but thrice | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131122130514/http://opinion.inquirer.net/65685/tacloban-not-once-but-thrice | archive-date=November 22, 2013 | url-status = live }} </ref> On January 17, 2015, [[Pope Francis]] visited Tacloban during [[Pope Francis's visit to the Philippines|his Papal Visit to the Philippines]] and held a mass at Barangay San Jose, and later he led mass of 30,000 people in front of the [[Daniel Z. Romualdez Airport|airport]]. ==Etymology== The area got its name from the word ''taklub'', a bamboo tray used to catch crabs or shrimp.<ref name="etymology">{{cite web |title=History |url=https://tacloban.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/City-Profile.pdf |website=tacloban.gov.ph |access-date=9 June 2024}}</ref> ==History== {{More citations needed|section|date=July 2022}} [[File:TAKLUB.JPG|thumb|left|Street performers carrying ''taklub'' on their backs (Tacloban takes its name from the ''taklub'', a bamboo fish-catching contraption).]] [[File:Philippine Island - Leyte - NARA - 68155994.jpg|thumb|left|Aerial view of Tacloban, 1931]] Tacloban was first known as ''Kankabatok'', an allusion to the first inhabitants – ''Kabatok''. They established their dwellings in the vicinity of the present-day [[Santo Niño Church (Tacloban)|Santo Niño Church]]. Others who came later were ''Gumoda'', ''Haraging,'' and ''Huraw'' who erected their settlements on nearby sites. ''Huraw''<nowiki/>'s domain is the hill where the city hall now sits. The combined settlements acquired the name ''Kankabatok'', meaning "''Kabatok''{{'}}s property."{{citation needed|date=July 2022}} The constant threat of pirates due to its lack of a natural barrier hindered the development and progress of the settlement. And so the place never figured out the early centuries of the Spanish colonization of Leyte. When the Jesuits (the first evangelizers of Leyte) left in 1768, the Augustinians took over, and in 1770 they established the barrio with a chapel (visita) of Tacloban under the jurisdiction of Palo.{{citation needed|date=July 2022}} The Augustinians who came from the Province of the Holy Name of Jesus based in Cebu were also responsible in introducing the devotion to the Santo Niño becoming therefore the heavenly patron of the settlement. With the Moro raids in check, the place became a hub for commercial activity and soon after the place was renamed Tacloban becoming an independent municipality and then capital of the province of Leyte. In 1843, the Augustinians ceded the administration of the parish to the Franciscans.{{citation needed|date=July 2022}} The change of the name came about in this manner: ''Kankabatok'' was a favorite haunt of fishermen. They would use a bamboo contraption called a ''"taklub"'' to catch crabs, shrimps or fish.<ref name="etymology" /> When asked where they were going, the fishermen would answer, ''"(to) tarakluban"'', which meant the place where they used the device to catch these marine resources. Eventually, the name ''Tarakluban'' or Tacloban took prominence.{{citation needed|date=July 2022}} It is not known when Tacloban became a municipality because records supporting this fact were destroyed during a typhoon. It is commonly believed that Tacloban was officially proclaimed a municipality in 1770s. In 1768, Leyte and Samar were separated into two provinces, each constituting a politico-military province. Due to its strategic location, Tacloban became a vital trading point between the two provinces.{{citation needed|date=July 2022}} The capital of Leyte was transferred from one town to another with Tacloban as the last on February 26, 1830. The decision to make Tacloban the capital was based on the following reasons: 1) ideal location of the port and 2) well-sheltered and adequate facilities. On June 20, 1952, Tacloban was proclaimed a chartered city by virtue of Republic Act No. 760.<ref name=RA760 /> [[File:Madonna of Japan in the Kanfuraw Hill, Tacloban01.JPG|thumb|left|Madonna Maria Kanon, locally called Madonna of Japan, a peace commemoration statue in Kanhuraw Hill]] The arrival of Colonel Arthur Murray in 1901 made him the first military governor of Leyte. His first official act was the opening of Tacloban port to world commerce. Before [[World War II]], Tacloban was the commercial, education, social and cultural center of the Province of Leyte. [[Copra]] and [[abaca]] were exported in large quantities. The leading institutions were: Leyte Normal School, Leyte High School, Leyte Trade School, Holy Infant Academy and Tacloban Catholic Institute.{{citation needed|date=July 2022}} In November 1912, a [[1912 Tacloban typhoon|typhoon]] swept through the central Philippines and "practically destroyed" Tacloban. In Tacloban and [[Capiz]] on the island of [[Panay]], the death toll was 15,000, half the population of those cities at the time.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045433/1912-11-30/ed-1/seq-1/ |title= 15,000 Die in Philippine Storm |newspaper=Washington Herald |date=November 30, 1912 |access-date=November 19, 2013}}</ref> On May 25, 1942, Japanese forces landed in Tacloban, signalling the beginning of their two-year occupation of Leyte. They fortified the city and improved its airfield. Since San Pedro Bay was ideal for larger vessels, the [[Imperial Japanese Navy|Japanese Imperial Naval Forces]] made Tacloban a port of call and entry. This time was considered the darkest in the history of Tacloban and the country due to the incidence of torture among civilians, including the elderly. In response, guerrilla groups operated in Leyte – the most notable of which was the group of [[Nieves Fernandez]].<ref name="Esquire">{{cite web|url=https://www.esquiremag.ph/long-reads/features/nieves-fernandez-guerilla-wwii-a00293-20200915-lfrm|title=The Untold Story of 'Miss Fernandez,' the School Teacher Who Killed 200 Japanese in WWII|website=[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]|author=Limos, Mario Alvaro|date=September 15, 2020}}</ref><ref name="PKB">{{cite web|url=https://pkbnews.in/nieves-fernandez-death/|title=What Happened To Nieves Fernandez? Teacher Killed 200 Japanese in WWII Guerrilla war Philippines|website=PKB News|author=Israni, Prakash|date=April 9, 2023}}</ref> The Japanese established a "comfort station" in the city, where they kidnapped local girls, teenagers and young adults who they then forced into becoming sex slaves under the gruesome "[[comfort women]]" system.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/2020/11/29/939811000/philippine-survivor-recounts-her-struggle-as-a-comfort-woman-for-wartime-japan|title=Philippine Survivor Recounts Her Struggle As A 'Comfort Woman' For Wartime Japan|newspaper=NPR.org|publisher=NPR|access-date=15 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9IsBB-RVTlQC&dq=comfort+gay+philippines+japan&pg=PR9|title=The Other Empire: Literary Views of Japan from the Philippines, Singapore, and Malaysia|year=2008|publisher=The University of the Philippines Press|isbn=9789715425629|access-date=15 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.awf.or.jp/e1/philippine-00.html | title=Women made to be Comfort Women - Philippines }}</ref> Leyte was the first to be liberated by the combined Filipino and American troops. [[General Douglas MacArthur]]'s assault troops landed in the Tacloban and Palo beaches (White Beach and Red Beach, respectively) and in the neighbouring town of Dulag (Blue Beach) on October 20, 1944. These landings signalled the eventual victory of the Filipino and American forces and the fulfillment of MacArthur's famous promise: "I Shall Return."{{citation needed|date=July 2022}} Three days later, on October 23, at a ceremony at the [[Leyte Provincial Capitol|Capitol Building]] in Tacloban, MacArthur, accompanied by President [[Sergio Osmeña]], made Tacloban the temporary seat of the Commonwealth Government and temporary capital of the Philippines until the complete liberation of the country.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1944/10/23/proclamation-of-general-douglas-macarthur-to-the-people-of-the-philippines-october-23-1944/|title=Proclamation of General Douglas MacArthur to the People of the Philippines, October 23, 1944|date=October 23, 1944|website=Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines|access-date=February 21, 2018}}</ref> The provincial government of Leyte and the municipal government of Tacloban were re-established.{{citation needed|date=July 2022}} Paulo Jaro was the Liberation mayor of Tacloban. The first mayor of this capital upon inauguration of the Philippine Republic was Epifanio Aguirre.{{citation needed|date=July 2022}} On January 8, 1960, MacArthur made his "sentimental" journey to Leyte. He was greeted with cheers by locals when he visited Tacloban.{{citation needed|date=July 2022}} The city was proclaimed as a highly urbanized city by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo on October 4, 2008<ref name="ReferenceA">Proclamation No. 1637 dated October 4, 2008</ref> and ratified by the people on December 18, 2008.<ref>{{cite news |publisher=Philippine Daily Inquirer|url=http://globalnation.inquirer.net/cebudailynews/visayas/view/20081220-179060/Tacloban-is-1st-highly-urbanized-city |title=Tacloban is 1st highly urbanized city |work=Cebu Daily News |date=December 20, 2008 |access-date=December 2, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522022049/http://globalnation.inquirer.net/cebudailynews/visayas/view/20081220-179060/Tacloban-is-1st-highly-urbanized-city |archive-date=May 22, 2011 }}</ref> Tacloban was officially declared an HUC at 10:40PM of that day. === 2013 Typhoon Haiyan === [[File:Tacloban Typhoon Haiyan 2013-11-14.jpg|thumb|Debris lines the streets of Tacloban after Typhoon Haiyan hit the city.]] {{anchor|2013 Typhoon Haiyan damage and fatalities}} {{main|Typhoon Haiyan}} On November 8, 2013 ([[Philippine Standard Time|PST]]), Tacloban was hit by the full force of [[Typhoon Haiyan]], causing massive destruction across the city. Dead bodies were scattered on the streets, trees were uprooted, and a {{convert|13|ft|m|0|abbr=on}} [[storm surge]] largely destroyed the [[Daniel Z. Romualdez Airport|airport]], though it functioned soon after as a makeshift command and evacuation center.<ref name="guk-1">{{cite news|title=Typhoon Haiyan: thousands dead as devastation hampers aid efforts|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/nov/10/typhoon-haiyan-dead-aid|date=November 11, 2013|access-date=November 11, 2013}}</ref> After taking a helicopter flight over the city, [[United States Marine Corps|US Marine]] Brigadier General Paul Kennedy was quoted as saying, "I don't believe there is a single structure that is not destroyed or severely damaged in some way – every single building, every single house."<ref>{{cite news|title=Philippines declares state of calamity President declares emergency measures as aid trickles in for millions of people left destitute by the Haiyan superstorm. |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/asia-pacific/2013/11/philippines-state-national-calamity-2013111116128730244.html|publisher=aljazeera.com|date= November 11, 2013|access-date= November 11, 2013}}</ref> Widespread looting and violence is reported to have taken place<ref>{{cite news|title=Philippine Red Cross says typhoon relief efforts being hampered by looters |url=https://www.foxnews.com/world/philippine-red-cross-says-typhoon-relief-efforts-being-hampered-by-looters/|publisher=[[Fox News]]|date= November 10, 2013|access-date= November 12, 2013}}</ref> and local government virtually collapsed, as many city officials were victims.<ref>{{cite news|title=Tons of aid arriving in Philippines, but debris, logistics hampering relief efforts |url=http://www.foxnews.com/world/2013/11/12/tons-aid-arriving-in-philippines-but-debris-logistics-hampering-relief-efforts/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112230903/http://www.foxnews.com/world/2013/11/12/tons-aid-arriving-in-philippines-but-debris-logistics-hampering-relief-efforts/|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 12, 2013|publisher=[[Fox News]]|date= November 12, 2013|access-date= November 12, 2013}}</ref> [[Benigno Aquino III|President Aquino]] declared a [[state of emergency]] in Tacloban. The official final death toll stood at 6,201.<ref>{{cite report|url=http://www.ndrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/article/1125/NDRRMC%20Update%20re%20Sit%20Rep%2092%20Effects%20of%20%20TY%20%20YOLANDA.pdf|title=SitRep No. 92 : Effects of Typhoon "YOLANDA" (HAIYAN), Tab A : CASUALTIES|date=January 14, 2014|publisher=National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council of the Philippines|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140117232026/http://www.ndrrmc.gov.ph/attachments/article/1125/NDRRMC%20Update%20re%20Sit%20Rep%2092%20Effects%20of%20%20TY%20%20YOLANDA.pdf|archive-date=January 17, 2014}}</ref> === 2015 Papal visit === {{main|Pope Francis's visit to the Philippines}} [[File:Pope Francis Tacloban 17.jpg|thumb|[[Pope Francis]] blesses the crowd after the mass near the [[Tacloban Airport]] on January 17, 2015, en route to [[Palo, Leyte]] to visit families of [[Typhoon Yolanda]] victims.]] On January 17, 2015, [[Pope Francis]], the leader of the [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic Church]], arrived in Tacloban to celebrate Mass with the survivors of Haiyan ''(Yolanda)''.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-30859609|title=Pope Francis cuts short visit to typhoon-hit Tacloban|work=BBC News|access-date=September 26, 2018}}</ref> The pope arrived at Daniel Z. Romualdez Airport on a flight operated by Philippine Airlines. ==Geography== Tacloban is located on the northeastern tip of [[Leyte|Leyte Island]], with its easternmost part facing Cancabato Bay. The bay is at the east mouth of [[San Juanico Strait]]. The Tacloban territory follows the length of the strait, along with [[Babatngon, Leyte|Babatngon municipality]] north of the city. The strait divides the islands of Leyte and [[Samar]]. <gallery widths="200" heights="150"> File:Cancabato Bay front IMG 0868.jpg|The eastern part of the city facing Cancabato Bay. File:SANPEDROBAY.JPG|[[San Pedro Bay (Philippines)|San Pedro Bay]] shore facing northeastward towards Cancabato Bay and the [[San Juanico Strait]] beyond, backgrounded by Samar island on the horizon. File:Cancabato Bay fishermen IMG 0874.jpg|Fishing folks on outrigger canoes on Cancabato Bay, with the San Juanico Strait and Samar island in the background. File:Tacloban, Hills around Tacloban, Philippines.jpg|Hills around Tacloban File:Tacloban.jpg|A coastal village in Tacloban </gallery> ===Barangays=== Tacloban is politically subdivided into 138 [[barangay]]s. Each barangay consists of [[purok]]s and some have [[sitios]]. <!-- Pls. modify the listing. --> {| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" |+ ! style="width:2em"| Number ! style="width:12em"| Name |- |1 |Libertad |- |2 |Jones |- |3 |Upper Nulatula |- |4 |Libertad |- |5 |T. Claudio |- |5-A |T. Claudio |- |6 | |- |6-A |Sto. Nino |- |7 | |- |8 |T. Claudio |- |8-A | |- |12 |GE Palanog |- |13 |Salazar/J. Romualdez |- |14 | |- |15 | |- |16 | |- |17 | |- |18 | |- |19 | |- |20 | |- |21 |P. Burgos |- |22 | |- |23 | |- |23-A | |- |24 | |- |25 | |- |26 |P.Gomez |- |27 | |- |28 | |- |29 |P.Gomez |- |30 Burgos | |- |31 | |- |32 | |- |33 | |- |34 |Real |- |35 | |- |35-A | |- |36 |Sabang |- |36-A |Sabang |- |37 |Sea Wall |- |37-A |G.E. Palanog Gawad Kalinga Village |- |38 |Calvary Hill |- |39 |Calvary Hill |- |40 |Calvary Hill |- |41 |Calvary Hill |- |42-A |Quarry |- |42-B |Quarry |- |43-A |Quarry |- |43-B |Quarry |- |44-A |Quarry |- |44-B |Quarry |- |45 | |- |46 |Imelda/Juan Luna |- |47 | |- |48-A | |- |48-B | |- |49 |Youngfield |- |50 |Youngfield |- |50-A |Youngfield |- |50-B |Youngfield |- |51 | |- |51-A | |- |52 |Lucban Magallanes |- |53 |Magallanes |- |54 |Magallanes |- |54-A |Magallanes |- |55 |El Reposo |- |56 |El Reposo |- |56-A |El Reposo |- |57 |Whitelane Sampaguita |- |58 | |- |59 |Sagkahan Picas |- |59-A |Sampaguita |- |59-B |Sampaguita |- |59-E |Sagkahan Picas |- |60 |Sagkahan Aslum |- |60-A |Sagkahan |- |61 |Sagkahan |- |62 |Sagkahan Saging |- |62-A |Sagkahan Ilong |- |62-B |Sagkahan Picas |- |63 |Sagkahan Mangga |- |64 |Sagkahan Bliss |- |65 |Paseo de Legaspi |- |66 |Anibong |- |66-A |Anibong |- |67 |Anibong |- |68 |Anibong |- |69 |Anibong, Happy Land |- |70 |Anibong, Rawis |- |71 |Naga-naga |- |72 |PHHC Seaside |- |73 |PHHC Mountainside |- |74 |Lower Nula-Tula |- |75 |Fatima Village |- |76 |Fatima Village |- |77 |Fatima Village |- |78 |Marasbaras |- |79 |Marasbaras |- |80 |Marasbaras |- |81 |Marasbaras |- |82 |Marasbaras |- |83 |Paraiso |- |83-A |Burayan |- |83-B |San Jose, Cogon |- |83-C |San Jose |- |84 |San Jose |- |85 |San Jose |- |86 |San Jose |- |87 |San Jose |- |88 |San Jose |- |89 |San Jose, Baybay |- |90 |San Jose |- |91 |Abucay |- |92 |Apitong |- |93 |Bagacay |- |94 |Tigbao |- |94-A |Basper |- |95 |Caibaan |- |95-A |Caibaan |- |96 |Calanipawan |- |97 |Cabalawan |- |98 |Camansihay |- |99 |Diit |- |100 |San Roque |- |101 |New Kawayan |- |102 |Kawayan |- |103 |Palanog |- |103-A |San Paglaum |- |104 |Salvacion |- |105 |Suhi |- |106 |Santo. Niño |- |107 |Santa Elena |- |108 |Tagapuro |- |109 |V&G Subdivision |- |109-A |V&G Subdivision |- |110 |Utap |- |} ===Climate=== Tacloban has a [[tropical rainforest climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: Af) but due to the numerous cyclones present in the area, the climate is not equatorial. Tropical rainforest climates are tropical climates in which there is no dry season – all months have mean precipitation values of at least {{convert|60| mm|in|1}}. Tropical rainforest climates have no pronounced summer or winter; it is typically wet throughout the year and rainfall is both heavy and frequent. One day in an equatorial climate can be very similar to the next, while the change in temperature between day and night may be larger than the average change in temperature between "summer" and "winter". The average high (daytime) temperature for the year in Tacloban is {{convert|31.1|C|F|1}}. The warmest month on average is May with an average daytime temperature of {{convert|32.3|C|F|1}}.<ref name=PAGASAnormals/> The coolest month on average is January and February, with an average (nighttime) temperature of {{convert|23.4|C|F|1}}.<ref name=PAGASAnormals/> The highest recorded temperature was {{convert|38.0|C|F|1}}, recorded on April 6, 1924, and in August.<ref name=PAGASAextremes/> The lowest recorded temperature in Tacloban is {{convert|17.5|C|F|1}} which was recorded in December.<ref name=PAGASAextremes/> The average rainfall for the year is {{convert|2,659.3|mm|in|abbr=out|1}}, with the most rainfall on average in December with {{convert|386.0|mm|in|1}} and the least on average in April with {{convert|115.2|mm|in|1}}.<ref name=PAGASAnormals/> {{Weather box |location = Tacloban City (1991–2020, extremes 1903–2023) |single line = Y |metric first = Y | width = auto | Jan record high C = 34.7 | Feb record high C = 34.8 | Mar record high C = 35.9 | Apr record high C = 38.0 | May record high C = 37.9 | Jun record high C = 36.6 | Jul record high C = 37.8 | Aug record high C = 38.0 | Sep record high C = 37.2 | Oct record high C = 36.0 | Nov record high C = 35.2 | Dec record high C = 35.0 |year record high C = 38.0 | Jan high C = 29.5 | Feb high C = 30.2 | Mar high C = 31.0 | Apr high C = 32.0 | May high C = 32.5 | Jun high C = 32.1 | Jul high C = 31.9 | Aug high C = 32.3 | Sep high C = 32.1 | Oct high C = 31.7 | Nov high C = 31.0 | Dec high C = 31.1 |year high C = 31.4 | Jan mean C = 26.7 | Feb mean C = 26.9 | Mar mean C = 27.6 | Apr mean C = 28.5 | May mean C = 29.0 | Jun mean C = 28.7 | Jul mean C = 28.5 | Aug mean C = 28.8 | Sep mean C = 28.6 | Oct mean C = 28.4 | Nov mean C = 27.9 | Dec mean C = 27.3 |year mean C = 28.1 | Jan low C = 23.8 | Feb low C = 23.7 | Mar low C = 24.1 | Apr low C = 25.0 | May low C = 25.6 | Jun low C = 25.4 | Jul low C = 25.1 | Aug low C = 25.3 | Sep low C = 25.1 | Oct low C = 25.1 | Nov low C = 24.8 | Dec low C = 24.4 |year low C = 24.8 | Jan record low C = 18.8 | Feb record low C = 17.6 | Mar record low C = 18.0 | Apr record low C = 20.2 | May record low C = 20.5 | Jun record low C = 20.9 | Jul record low C = 21.0 | Aug record low C = 20.6 | Sep record low C = 21.0 | Oct record low C = 19.8 | Nov record low C = 19.4 | Dec record low C = 17.5 |year record low C = 17.5 | rain colour = green | Jan rain mm = 367.1 | Feb rain mm = 278.4 | Mar rain mm = 233.3 | Apr rain mm = 124.0 | May rain mm = 143.4 | Jun rain mm = 210.8 | Jul rain mm = 188.4 | Aug rain mm = 156.1 | Sep rain mm = 186.1 | Oct rain mm = 214.6 | Nov rain mm = 288.0 | Dec rain mm = 450.4 |year rain mm = 2840.6 | unit rain days = 1.0 mm | Jan rain days = 18 | Feb rain days = 15 | Mar rain days = 14 | Apr rain days = 12 | May rain days = 11 | Jun rain days = 15 | Jul rain days = 15 | Aug rain days = 12 | Sep rain days = 13 | Oct rain days = 16 | Nov rain days = 19 | Dec rain days = 22 |year rain days = 182 | Jan humidity = 86 | Feb humidity = 84 | Mar humidity = 83 | Apr humidity = 82 | May humidity = 83 | Jun humidity = 84 | Jul humidity = 84 | Aug humidity = 83 | Sep humidity = 84 | Oct humidity = 85 | Nov humidity = 87 | Dec humidity = 88 |year humidity = 84 | source 1 = [[Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration|PAGASA]]<ref name=PAGASAnormals> {{cite web | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181018192313/https://pubfiles.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/pagasaweb/files/cad/CLIMATOLOGICAL%20NORMALS%20%281991-2020%29/TACLOBAN.pdf | archive-date = October 18, 2018 | url = https://pubfiles.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/pagasaweb/files/cad/CLIMATOLOGICAL%20NORMALS%20%281991-2020%29/TACLOBAN.pdf | title = Tacloban City, Leyte Climatological Normal Values | publisher = Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration | access-date = October 5, 2024}}</ref><ref name=PAGASAextremes> {{cite web | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181018192350/https://pubfiles.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/pagasaweb/files/cad/CLIMATOLOGICAL%20EXTREMES%20%28as%20of%202023%29/Tacloban.pdf | archive-date = October 18, 2018 | url = https://pubfiles.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/pagasaweb/files/cad/CLIMATOLOGICAL%20EXTREMES%20%28as%20of%202023%29/Tacloban.pdf | title = Tacloban City, Leyte Climatological Extremes | publisher = Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration | access-date = October 5, 2024}}</ref> }} ==Demographics== {{Philippine Census | align= right | title= Population census of {{PH wikidata|name}} | 1903 = {{PH census population|1903}} | 1918 = {{PH census population|1918}} | 1939 = {{PH census population|1939}} | 1948 = {{PH census population|1948}} | 1960 = {{PH census population|1960}} | 1970 = {{PH census population|1970}} | 1975 = {{PH census population|1975}} | 1980 = {{PH census population|1980}} | 1990 = {{PH census population|1990}} | 1995 = {{PH census population|1995}} | 2000 = {{PH census population|2000}} | 2007 = {{PH census population|2007}} | 2010 = {{PH census population|2010}} | 2015 = {{PH census population|2015}} | 2020 = {{PH census population|2020}} | 2025 = | 2030 = | footnote = Source: [[Philippine Statistics Authority]] {{PH census|2015}}{{PH census|2010}}{{PH census|2007}}{{LWUA population data}} }} According to the 2020 census, Tacloban has a population of 251,881 inhabitants. Tacloban is predominantly a [[Waray-Waray language|Waray-speaking]] city. The language is also officially called ''Lineyte-Samarnon'' ("Leyte-Samarnon") and is spoken by more than 90% of the total city population. [[Waray-Waray language|Waray-Waray]], aside from being the native language of the city, is also the lingua franca used in the city among Filipinos of various ethnic groups. Tacloban is culturally and linguistically diverse. A decade before the end of Spanish sovereignty, it was largely a typical colonial community: most of its residents were either pure Iberian families or the new generations of Spanish-Filipino blood. Today's population consists of a mix of Spanish and Chinese mestizos, foreign expatriates and native Leyteños.{{citation needed|date=November 2013}} Other Filipino ethnic groups who migrated to the city are the Cebuano/Kana/Visayan speaking populace accounts for 6.08% of the total population, 0.80% are Tagalog, 0.10% are Ilocano, 0.07% are Kapampangan, and 2.95% come from other ethnic origins, including Hiligaynon, Maguindanaon, Maranao and Tausug. 88.52% of the residents of Tacloban City are Roman Catholic; 6.12% are [[Islam|Muslim]]s (most are Maranao migrants from Mindanao); 0.83% are of the indigenous Christian denomination, Iglesia ni Cristo; 0.94% are Evangelicals (born-again Christians); Baptists 0.80%; 0.49% Seventh-Day Adventists. Others comprise 3.10%. ==Economy== {{unreferenced section|date=July 2018}} {{multiple image | align = right | direction = horizontal | total_width = 800 | image1 = Tacloban downtown, Justice Romualdez, Gaisano, Prudential (Tacloban, Leyte; 09-08-2022).jpg | caption1 = Downtown Tacloban | image2 = Rizal Avenue, Tacloban.jpg | caption2 = Rizal Avenue | image3 = Tacloban downtown, Zamora-Salazar (Tacloban, Leyte; 09-08-2022).jpg | caption3 = Zamora and Salazar streets intersection | image4 = Tacloban downtown, Real Street astrodome (Tacloban, Leyte; 09-09-2022).jpg | caption4 = Real Street | image5 = National Road, Marasbaras Robinsons Tacloban (Tacloban, Leyte; 09-09-2022).jpg | caption5 = Robinsons Tacloban }} {{PH poverty incidence}} Tacloban is the economic center of the entire [[Eastern Visayas]], with an economy largely focused on agriculture, commerce, and tourism. Proximal to the city proper is the 237-hectare Eastern Visayas Agri-Industrial Growth Center (EVRGC), which was approved and accredited by the [[Philippine Economic Zone Authority]] by virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 1210 on April 23, 1998. EVRGC serves as an eco-industrial hub with the Tacloban city government as its developer and operator. Several regional broadcasters are also based in the city including ABS-CBN TV-2 Tacloban, [[DYCL-TV|GMA TV-10 Tacloban]] and PRTV-12 Tacloban. The [[Daniel Z. Romualdez Airport]] also makes the city a key regional transportation hub. Tacloban is one of the fastest-growing cities in the Philippines, and has one of the lowest poverty incidence rates in the country (at roughly 9%, while the national poverty incidence stands at 30%). After its massive devastation on November 8, 2013, Tacloban was declared by its local government as a ''start-up city'', which means everything had to start back from scratch. Currently the city is experiencing a rapid economic recovery. {{clear left}} ==Government== [[File:Tacloban City Hall (Magsaysay Blvd., Tacloban, Leyte; 09-08-2022).jpg|thumb|left|''Kanhuraw'' – this nickname of the Tacloban City Hall is also the name of the hill where the building stands.]] The executive power of the City Government is vested in the mayor. The ''[[Sangguniang Panlungsod]]'' or the city council has the legislative power to create city ordinances. It is a unicameral body composed of ten elected councillors and certain numbers of ex officio and sectoral representatives. It is presided over by the vice mayor, the mayor and the elected city councillors who are elected-at-large every three years. The current city mayor is Alfred Romualdez. The city government ceased to be under the supervision of the provincial government after it became a highly urbanized city in 2008. The city is now under direct supervision of the national government. Tacloban City is part of the [[Legislative districts of Leyte#1st District|1st District of Leyte]], alongside seven other municipalities: [[Alangalang, Leyte|Alangalang]], [[Babatngon, Leyte|Babatngon]], [[Palo, Leyte|Palo]], [[San Miguel, Leyte|San Miguel]], [[Santa Fe, Leyte|Santa Fe]], [[Tanauan, Leyte|Tanauan]], and [[Tolosa, Leyte|Tolosa]]. The district is currently represented by Congressman [[Martin Romualdez]]. {{clear left}} ===Official seal=== [[File:Ph seal Tacloban.png|right|150px|Tacloban City Official Seal]] The official Seal of Tacloban is the symbol of the city's identity when it became a city under Republic Act No. 760 on June 20, 1952. The city's emblem stands for the following physical attributes and character:<ref>{{cite web | title = City Seal | url = http://tacloban.gov.ph/?page_id=215 | access-date = March 30, 2013 | publisher = Official website of the City Government of Tacloban | archive-date = April 29, 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140429051906/http://tacloban.gov.ph/?page_id=215 | url-status = dead }}</ref> {{clear left}} *'''Left Portion''' - Symbolizes the province of Samar ([[Santa Rita, Samar|Santa Rita]]), major supplier of agricultural and marine products to the city, stabilizing its volume of business and trade. *'''Center''' - Stands for the beautiful and scenic [[San Juanico Strait]] *'''The Galleon''' - Illustrates the ship of [[Ferdinand Magellan]] who landed in the island of [[Homonhon|Homonhon, Eastern Samar]], the first Philippine island he sighted during the historic circumnavigation of the world *'''Right Portion''' - Leyte side, where Tacloban City is located ==Culture== [[File:PIN-KAS6.JPG|thumb|left|Dancers during the Pintados Festival in 2008]] [[File:Astrodome Tacloban City.JPG|thumb|[[Tacloban City Convention Center]], also known as the Tacloban Astrodome]] The week-long celebrations peaks on June 30,<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.chanrobles.com/republicacts/republicactno7676.html#.UUl7XpAZ5H0 | title = REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7676 - AN ACT DECLARING JUNE THIRTY OF EVERY YEAR A SPECIAL NONWORKING PUBLIC HOLIDAY IN TACLOBAN CITY, PROVINCE OF LEYTE, TO BE KNOWN AS "TACLOBAN DAY" | date = January 10, 1994 | access-date = March 20, 2013 }} </ref> the Grand fiesta of Tacloban celebrated with the traditional turn-over ceremonies of the "Teniente" made by the immediate past Hermano Mayor to the incoming Hermano Mayor. This is accompanied by the ritual of giving the medallion containing the names of all Hermanos Pasados and the Standartes. Fireworks and grand parades mark the occasion. Every house in the city prepares a feast and opens its doors to guests and well wishers. ;Subiran Regatta: Subiran Regatta is a race of one-man native sailboats with outriggers locally called "subiran" along scenic and historic [[Leyte Gulf]]. The race is done without using a paddle but only with skills and techniques to manoeuvre the sail. The Subiran Regatta is now in its 32nd year and counting. This contest is done annually during the weeklong celebration of the Tacloban City Fiesta. The race aims to preserve the art of sailing with the wind alone, and to showcase the mastery of this art by local boatmen. [[File:Balyuan Park.jpg|thumb|Plaza Libertad]] ;Balyuan: Organized by the Department of Tourism and the city government, this activity which only started in 1975 is supposedly a re-enactment of a purported exchange of images between Barrio Buscada of [[Basey, Samar|Basey]] and Sitio Kankabatok, now Tacloban City. A local story which only saw print in the 20th century purports that in the old days, Sitio Kankabatok was a small barrio under the jurisdiction of Basey town in Samar. During the Feast of Santo Niño, the residents of Sitio Kankabatok would borrow the bigger image of the saint from the chapel of Barrio Buscada in Basey. Santo Niño is the revered patron saint of both Kankabatok and Barrio Buscada. The image is returned promptly after the festivities. When Kankabatok grew into a barrio of its own, the local Catholic authorities decided that the bigger Santo Niño image be retained in prospering village. However, because of its highly questionable anthropological and historical basis, the story can be best understood as simply etiological. It gives witness to the cultural, ethnographical and historical relationship between the people of south Samar and the eastern seaboard of Leyte. Likewise, stories of the image missing in Buscada and turning up in Kankabatok aided to this decision of honoring this relationship. The Basey Flotilla bearing the church and government leaders goes on a fluvial procession along San Pedro Bay. A budyong (shell) call announces the sight of the flotilla off Kankabatok Bay. ;Sangyaw Festival: [[Sangyaw]] is an archaic Waray word which means to herald the news. The Sangyaw Festival was created by [[Imelda Marcos]] in the 1980s. The festival was revived in 2008 by her nephew, current city mayor Alfred Romualdez. The Sangyaw Festival invites contingents of different performing groups of various festivals in the country to compete in this side of the region. Cash prizes and trophies are at stake as the Sangyaw Festival grooms itself to be a big festival to watch out in the succeeding years. ==Transportation== [[File:Tacloban_DZR_Airport_Terminal_2023-11-17.jpg|thumb|[[Daniel Z. Romualdez Airport]]]] [[File:San Juanico Bridge 2.JPG|thumb|right|The San Juanico Bridge, north of the city]] {{main|Transportation in Tacloban}} Tacloban is served by air, multicabs, taxis, jeepneys, buses, tricycles and pedicabs. The city host the [[Daniel Z. Romualdez Airport]]. The New Transport Terminal of [[Tacloban City]] or New Bus Terminal located in Abucay district serves as the land transportation hub to and from various points in the region. The [[San Juanico Bridge]] connects the city to the town of [[Santa Rita, Samar|Santa Rita]] in [[Samar]]. ==Healthcare== As the regional center of Eastern Visayas, Tacloban offers a range of healthcare services. There are a number of hospitals and other medical institutions serving the city's population. *Public hospitals **[[Eastern Visayas Medical Center]] (EVMC) **Tacloban City Hospital *Private hospitals **ACE Medical Center Tacloban (near Robinsons Marasbaras) **[[Divine Word Hospital]] (owned by the Benedictine Sisters) **Our Mother of Mercy Hospital (owned by the Religious Sisters of Mercy) **Remedios Trinidad Romualdez Hospital (owned by the RTR Medical Foundation) **Tacloban Doctors Medical Center (owned by a group of locally prominent doctors) ==Education== {{main|Education in Tacloban}} [[File:The University of the Philippines Visayas Tacloban College 02.jpg|thumb|The [[University of the Philippines Tacloban College]]]] Tacloban has a variety of educational institutions both public and private. Notable institutions include: {{div col}} * [[University of the Philippines Tacloban College|UP Tacloban College]] * [[Leyte Normal University]] * [[Eastern Visayas State University]] * Holy Infant College * Holy Spirit Foundation College, Inc. * Holy Virgin of Salvacion Foundation College, Inc. * [[ABE International Business College]] Tacloban * [[AMA Computer Learning Center|ACLC College]] of Tacloban * [[AMA Computer University|AMA College]] Tacloban<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amaes.edu.ph/about_ama.asp |title=AMA Computer University |publisher=Amaes.edu.ph |access-date=January 17, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120214042506/http://www.amaes.edu.ph/about_ama.asp |archive-date=February 14, 2012 }}</ref> (currently located in nearby Palo, Leyte) * Asia Pacific Career College * Asian Development Foundation College * CIE British School Tacloban * Colegio De La Salle Fondation de Tacloban, Inc. * Dr. Vicente Orestes Romualdez Educational Foundation (College of Law) * [[JE Mondejar Foundation College]] * Leyte Colleges * Leyte National High School * National Maritime Polytechnic * Remedios Trinidad Romualdez Medical Foundation * Sacred Heart College of Tacloban * St. Scholastica's College, Tacloban (currently located in nearby Palo, Leyte) * St. Benedict College of Tacloban, Inc. *[[Divine Word University of Tacloban|Liceo del Verbo Divino]] (formerly "Divine Word University of Tacloban") *St. Therese Educational Center of Leyte (STECL) *St. Therese Christian Development Center Foundation, Inc. (STCDCFI) *[[St. Therese Educational Foundation of Tacloban, Inc.]] (STEFTI) * Saint Arnold Janssen College of Tacloban, Inc. {{Div col end}} ==Sister cities== ===International=== :{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Fukuyama, Hiroshima]], Japan<ref>{{cite web|title=List of Sister City Affiliations with Japan (by country): Philippines|url=http://www.clair.org.sg/exchange/index.html|publisher=Japan Council of Local Authorities for International Relations (CLAIR, Singapore)|location=Singapore|date=February 29, 2012|access-date=March 7, 2015|archive-date=October 23, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161023112337/http://www.clair.org.sg/exchange/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Notable personalities== {{see also|List of people from Leyte}} <!-- Only include people with WP articles as per [[WP:Notability (people)]] --> *[[Merlie M. Alunan|Merlie Alunan]] - poet and instructor *[[Gina Apostol]] - writer *[[Toni Rose Basas]] - forner professional volleyball player for the [[Cignal HD Spikers (women's team)|Cignal HD Spikers]] *[[Louis Bulaong]] - writer *[[Norberto Castillo]] - 91st Rector Magnificus of the [[University of Santo Tomas]] *[[Andres Centino]] - 57th [[Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines]] *[[Kim Chiu]] - [[Pinoy Big Brother: Teen Edition 1|''Pinoy Big Brother Teen Edition'']] winner; television and movie star (has roots and partly grew up in Tacloban) *[[Dennis Daa]] - professional basketball player *[[Dino Daa]] - professional basketball player *[[Bullet Dumas]] - indie and contemporary folk singer-songwriter *[[Karla Estrada]] - actress and singer *[[Ted Failon]] - news anchor, TV and radio personality, former [[Legislative districts of Leyte#1st District|Representative of the 1st District of Leyte]] *[[Nieves Fernandez]] - World War II guerrilla fighter *[[Jose Mari Gonzales]] - actor, father of former mayor Cristina Gonzales-Romualdez *[[Xyza Gula]] - volleyball player for the [[UST Golden Tigresses volleyball|UST Golden Tigresses]] *[[Ruby Ibarra]] - Filipina-American rapper *[[Iluminado Lucente]] - the "grand old man of Waray letters"; poet, playwright, and former mayor of Tacloban<ref>{{cite book|editor-last=Sugbo|editor-first=Victor|title=Tinipigan: An Anthology of Waray Literature|date=1995|publisher=National Commission for Culture and the Arts|location=[[Manila]], Philippines|oclc=645852700|page=271|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pLpkAAAAMAAJ|access-date=September 27, 2019}}</ref> *[[Carlo Francisco Manatad]] - filmmaker and film editor * Joanné Nugas - Filipina-Swedish music artist and current member of a cappella group [[The Real Group]] * [[Daniel Padilla]] - actor and singer *[[Dan Palami]] - businessman, former manager of the [[Philippines national football team]] *[[Joel Porlares]] – 14th [[Supreme Bishop]] of the [[Philippine Independent Church]] *[[Rudy Robles]] - actor *[[Benjamin Romualdez]] - former governor of Leyte; former ambassador to the US, China and Saudi Arabia *[[Cristina Gonzales|Cristina Romualdez]] - former actress, former mayor of Tacloban City *[[Ferdinand Martin Romualdez]] - [[Legislative districts of Leyte#1st District|Representative of the 1st District of Leyte]]; incumbent [[Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines]] *[[Imelda Romualdez-Marcos]] - former First Lady and former Representative for Leyte's 1st District *[[Lou Salvador]] - basketball player * [[Mark Swainston]] - footballer * [[Jean-Paul Verona]] - award-winning producer and recording engineer best known for his work on Ben&Ben's ''[[Limasawa Street]]'' and ''[[Pebble House, Vol. 1: Kuwaderno]]'' albums and the band version of SB19's "[[Mapa (song)|Mapa]]" single * [[Nimfa C. Vilches]] - judge and Supreme Court deputy administrator * [[Aira Villegas]] - flyweight boxer and Olympic bronze medalist ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== {{Commons category}} {{Wikivoyage}} * [https://www.tacloban.gov.ph/ Official website] * [{{NSCB detail}} Philippine Standard Geographic Code] *[http://www.sltrib.com/sltrib/world/57110821-68/tacloban-philippines-typhoon-leyte.html.csp Typhoon Haiyan appears to be the deadliest natural disaster on record] *[http://www.leyte.org.ph/about_leyte-gen_info.htm Official Website of the Provincial Government of Leyte] *{{OSM relation|5154028}} *{{Cite NIE|wstitle=Tacloban|short=x}} {{Geographic location |Centre = Tacloban |North = [[Babatngon]] |East = ''[[San Juanico Strait]]'' / [[Santa Rita, Samar]] |Southeast = ''[[San Pedro Bay (Philippines)|San Pedro Bay]]'' |South = [[Santa Fe, Leyte|Santa Fe]] / [[Palo, Leyte|Palo]] |West = [[Alangalang]] |Northwest = [[San Miguel, Leyte|San Miguel]] }} {{Navboxes |title = Articles Related to Tacloban |list = {{Leyte}} {{Region VIII Eastern Visayas}} {{Philippine cities}} {{Philippine Provincial Capitals}} {{Most populous cities in Philippines}} {{Largest cities and municipalities in Visayas}} }} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Tacloban| ]] [[Category:1770 establishments in the Philippines]] [[Category:Cities in Leyte (province)]] [[Category:Highly urbanized cities in the Philippines]] [[Category:Populated places established in 1770]] [[Category:Provincial capitals of the Philippines]]
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