Editing Tehachapi, California

{{short description|City in the United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See the table at Template:Infobox settlement for all fields and descriptions of their usage. -->| name               = Tehachapi, California
| official_name      = 
| settlement_type    = [[List of municipalities in California|City]]
| other_name         = 
| native_name        = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->
| named_for          = [[Kawaiisu language|Kawaiisu]] for "hard climb"
<!-- Images and maps ------>| image_skyline      = Aerial-TehachapiWindFarm.jpg
| image_caption      = View of wind turbines with Tehachapi in the distance
| image_flag         = Flag of Tehachapi, California.gif
| flag_size          = 
| image_seal         = 
| seal_size          = 
| nickname           = The Land of Four Seasons
| motto              = 
| image_map          = Kern County California Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Tehachapi Highlighted.svg
| map_caption        = Location of Tehachapi, California
| pushpin_map        = California#USA
| pushpin_label      = Tehachapi
| pushpin_mapsize    = 
| pushpin_relief     = 1
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in California##Location within the United States
<!-- Location ------------->| coordinates        = {{coord|35|07|56|N|118|26|56|W|region:US-CA|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = {{Flag|United States}}
| subdivision_type1  = State
| subdivision_name1  = {{Flag|California}}
| subdivision_type2  = [[List of counties in California|County]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Kern County, California|Kern]]
| subdivision_type3  = [[List of regions of California|Region]]
| subdivision_name3  = [[Tehachapi Mountains]]
<!-- History -------------->| established_title  = Founded
| established_date   = 1876
| established_title3 = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
| established_date3  = August 13, 1909<ref>{{Cite web
 |url         = http://www.calafco.org/docs/Cities_by_incorp_date.doc
 |title       = California Cities by Incorporation Date
 |format      = Word
 |publisher   = California Association of [[Local Agency Formation Commission]]s
 |access-date  = August 25, 2014
|url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20131017052413/http://www.calafco.org/docs/Cities_by_incorp_date.doc
 |archive-date = October 17, 2013
}}</ref>
| government_type    = [[Council-manager government|Council-manager]]
| leader_title       = Mayor
| leader_name        = Michael Davies
| leader_title2      = Mayor Pro Tem
| leader_name2       = Joan Pogon-Cord
| leader_title3      = City council members<ref name=council>{{cite web
 |url         = https://www.liveuptehachapi.com/20/Council-Members
 |title       = Council Members
 |date = February 4, 2024
|publisher   = City of Tehachapi}}</ref>
| leader_name3       = Jeanette Pauer<br />Phil Smith<br />Hannah Chung
| leader_title4      = [[City Manager]]
| leader_name4       = Greg Garrett
<!-- Area ----------------->| unit_pref          = Imperial
| area_footnotes     = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_06.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=July 1, 2020}}</ref>
| area_total_sq_mi   = 10.25
| area_total_km2     = 26.54
| area_land_sq_mi    = 10.15
| area_land_km2      = 26.29
| area_water_sq_mi   = 0.10
| area_water_km2     = 0.25
| area_water_percent = 0.97
| area_metro_sq_mi   = <!-- Elevation ------------>
| elevation_footnotes = <ref name=gnis>{{Cite GNIS|1652798|Tehachapi|access-date=February 9, 2015}}</ref>
| elevation_ft       = 3970
| elevation_m        = 1210
<!-- Population ----------->| population_as_of   = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_footnotes = <ref name=quif>{{Cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/tehachapicitycalifornia|title=Tehachapi (city) QuickFacts|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=March 14, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702005244/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/06/0678092.html|archive-date=July 2, 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| population_total   = 12,934
| pop_est_as_of      = 2023
| pop_est_footnotes  = <ref name="USCensusEst2019CenPopScriptOnlyDirtyFixDoNotUse">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2019.html|date=May 24, 2020|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=May 27, 2020}}</ref>
| population_urban   = 17,298
| population_est     = 10,881
| population_density_sq_mi = 1281.87
| population_metro   = 
| population_density_metro_sq_mi = <!-- Time zones ----------->
| timezone           = [[Pacific Time Zone|Pacific]]
| utc_offset         = −8
| timezone_DST       = [[Pacific Daylight Time|PDT]]
| utc_offset_DST     = −7
<!-- Codes ---------------->| postal_code_type   = [[ZIP Code]]
| postal_code        = 93561
| area_code_type     = [[North American Numbering Plan|Area code]]
| area_code          = [[Area code 661|661]]
| blank_name         = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS]] code
| blank_info         = {{FIPS|06|78092}}
| blank1_name        = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature IDs
| blank1_info        = {{GNIS 4|1652798}}, {{GNIS 4|2412041}}
| website            = {{URL|https://liveuptehachapi.com}}
| footnotes          = {{Designation list|embed=yes|designation1=California|designation1_number=643}}
| population_density_km2 = 494.92
}}

'''Tehachapi''' ({{IPAc-en|audio=Tehachapi.ogg||t|ə|ˈ|h|æ|tʃ|ə|p|i}}; [[Kawaiisu]]: ''Tihachipia'', meaning "hard climb")<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tehachapinews.com/visitor-guide/visitor-guide-what-does-tehachapi-mean/article_afd99b28-f930-11e6-b7e8-f3dbfe17b5ee.html|title=Visitor Guide: What does 'Tehachapi' mean?|date=May 18, 2017|website=Tehachapi News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.zocalopublicsquare.org/2016/02/11/meet-the-toughest-mountains-in-california/ideas/connecting-california/|title=Meet the Toughest Mountains in California &#124; Connecting California|first=Joe|last=Mathews |date=February 11, 2016}}</ref> is a city in [[Kern County, California]], United States, in the [[Tehachapi Mountains]], at an elevation of {{convert|3970|ft}},<ref name="gnis" /> between the [[San Joaquin Valley]] and the [[Mojave Desert]]. Tehachapi is {{convert|35|mi|km}} east-southeast of [[Bakersfield, California|Bakersfield]],<ref name="CGN">{{California's Geographic Names|1114–1115}}</ref> and {{convert|20|mi|km}} west of [[Mojave, California|Mojave]]. According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|10|sqmi|km2}} and a population of 14,414. The Tehachapi area is known for the nearby [[Tehachapi Loop]] (a popular [[railfan]] site), the [[Pacific Crest Trail]] and for the excellent conditions for the aerial sport of [[gliding]].

==History==

[[File:2009-0726-CA-Tehachapi-ErreaHouse.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Errea House]], originally built in the early 1870s in Tehichipa, was moved to Tehachapi in 1900 and is now a museum; it is also listed on the NRHP.]]

The [[Kawaiisu|Kawaiisu people]] (also '''Nuwu''' ("people" in Kawaiisu), or '''Nuooah''') are the Native American tribe whose homeland was the Tehachapi Valley, and seasonally the southern [[Sierra Nevada]] and Mojave Desert, for thousands of years.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gracey |first=Pat Davis |date=July 13, 2022 |title=Visitor Guide: Tehachapi: In the beginning ... |url=https://www.tehachapinews.com/visitor-guide/visitor-guide-tehachapi-in-the-beginning/article_19465214-ec28-11ec-9fb5-7ba67bd4d8d9.amp.html |access-date=July 20, 2022 |website=Tehachapi News}}</ref>

One possibility for the origin of the name Tehachapi comes from the [[Kawaiisu language]]. It may be derived from the word for "hard climb" or ''tihachipia'', according to the Tomi-Kahni Resource Center.<ref name="auto"/> The settlement has been formerly known and spelled as: Tehachapai;<ref name=gnis /> Tehachapa;<ref name=gnis /> Tehachepi;<ref name=gnis /> Tehachipi;<ref name=gnis /> and Summit Station.<ref name=CGN /> According to [[Yokuts]] informant Wahumchah, recorded by anthropologist [[Frank Forrest Latta]], ''Tehachapi'' derives from a Yokuts-Ute amalgam, from Yokuts ''taheech[e]'' "oak-covered flat" + Ute ''pah''' "water" (cl. [[Paiute|Pah-ute]], lit. 'Water Ute'). On an 1864 map of California, the name appears as ''Taheechepah.''<ref>Frank F. Latta, Handbook of Yokuts Indians 2nd ed. (1977), pg. 282-283</ref>

The original settlement in the Tehachapi Valley, once called Williamsburg or [[Tehichipa, California|'Tehichipa']], was founded in the 1860s. Now known as [[Old Town, Kern County, California|‘Old Town’]], it was located four miles west of present-day downtown Tehachapi and was an important station on the road linking the San Joaquin Valley with Southern California.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Old Town (Tehachapi) |url=https://ohp.parks.ca.gov/ListedResources/Detail/643 |access-date=February 9, 2024 |website=CA State Parks |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Tehachapi News 2016">{{cite web | title=Tehachapi: A guide to our communities | website=Tehachapi News | date=May 18, 2016 | url=https://www.tehachapinews.com/visitor-guide/about-tehachapi/tehachapi-a-guide-to-our-communities/article_bb16977f-2684-567c-8f48-0c09b0ad7a60.html | access-date=November 30, 2022}}</ref> It is now registered as [[California Historical Landmark]] #643 for being the oldest settlement in the Tehachapi Valley.<ref name=CHL>{{cite ohp|643|Tehachapi|2012-10-07}}</ref>

In 1869, Peter D. Greene, a gold prospector and rancher who originally arrived in 1856, was appointed postmaster of a new post office near the Tomlinson Stage Company station at Oak Creek to be called ‘Tehichipa’, which was the only post office in the area. In 1875, Greene founded the community of Greenwich three miles east of Williamsburg and was appointed postmaster there.<ref name="History">[https://www.hmdb.org/results.asp?Search=Place&Town=Tehachapi&State=California Historical Markers and War Memorials in Tehachapi, California], Historical Markers and War Memorials in Tehachapi, California, Accessed February 9, 2024.</ref>

Under the leadership of civil engineer J.B. Harris, the [[Southern Pacific Railroad]] line through the [[Tehachapi Pass]] was completed in July 1876 and became the final link connecting San Francisco and Los Angeles. A telegraph office near the railroad tracks located one mile east of Greenwich was the first structure on the empty plain and would become the site of the [[Tehachapi Railroad Depot]] and the beginning of the downtown core. The depot is now on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] (NRHP)—and was the oldest building in downtown Tehachapi until it burned in June 2008. The building had been in the final stages of becoming a museum.<ref>{{cite news | title = Depot fire caused by two men shooting off bottle rockets | url = http://www.tehachapinews.com/home/ViewPost/65302 | newspaper = [[Tehachapi News]] | access-date = July 10, 2008 }}</ref> It has since been rebuilt using the original plans with only minor modifications to meet modern building codes. The new depot was dedicated on June 5, 2010.<ref name="Depot">[http://www.tehachapidepot.com/ Tehachapi Depot Groundbreaking], Tehachapi Depot Back on Track, June 13, 2009, Accessed August 8, 2009.</ref>

The new railroad town was given the name of Tehachapi Summit, and Williamsburg and Greenwich, having been bypassed by the railroad, saw their population decline as many of the area's residents moved to the new town. In 1885, Greene moved the post office to Tehachapi Summit, the postal name was later changed to ‘Tehachapi’ in 1893. The town was incorporated on August 13, 1909.

===1952 Kern County earthquake===

Tehachapi experienced the [[Richter Scale|7.3]] magnitude [[1952 Kern County earthquake]] on the [[White Wolf Fault]]. At the time, the earthquake was the largest in Southern California in the twentieth century and the largest since the [[1872 Lone Pine earthquake]]. It was felt as far away as [[Reno, Nevada]]. Twelve people died in the quake and severe damage was done to buildings and rail lines in the area.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.data.scec.org/chrono_index/kerncoun.html|title=Southern California Earthquake Data Center|access-date=January 14, 2007|archive-date=November 11, 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061111032608/http://www.data.scec.org/chrono_index/kerncoun.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Geography==
===Faults===
Downtown Tehachapi is approximately {{convert|15|mi|km|0}} from the [[White Wolf Fault]], {{convert|6|mi|km|0}} from the [[Garlock Fault]] and {{convert|30|mi|km|-1}} from the [[San Andreas Fault]]. The 1857 [[Fort Tejon earthquake]] on the [[San Andreas Fault]] had an estimated magnitude of 7.9 but there is no record of the local effects of this quake.<ref>Southern California Earthquake Data Center {{cite web |url=http://www.data.scec.org/chrono_index/forttejo.html |title=SCEDC &#124; Fort Tejon Earthquake (1857) |access-date=February 3, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070203121521/http://www.data.scec.org/chrono_index/forttejo.html |archive-date=February 3, 2007}}</ref> The [[Garlock Fault]] last ruptured approximately 500 years ago.

=== Climate ===

[[Image:Tehachapi sign.jpg|left|thumb|Looking northwest along [[California State Route 58|State Route 58]] in Tehachapi after a light dusting of snow]]

Tehachapi has a hot-summer [[mediterranean climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''[[Mediterranean climate#Hot-summer mediterranean climate|Csa]]'').

Tehachapi is known for its four-season climate.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Jackson|first=Cara|date=May 19, 2018|title=Visitor Guide: Weather in the Land of Four Seasons|url=https://www.tehachapinews.com/visitor-guide/visitor-guide-weather-in-the-land-of-four-seasons/article_a16e0582-32ba-11e8-97d3-b3aededb8eb5.html|access-date=July 4, 2020|website=Tehachapi News|language=en}}</ref> The wet season is generally November through May, although thunderstorms are common during the summer, especially over the nearby mountain peaks. Average temperatures range from {{convert|88|to|58|F}} in July to {{convert|52|to|29|F}} in January. The area typically collects {{convert|15|to|20|inch|cm}} of snow each winter. There are an average of 31.1 days with highs of {{convert|91|F||2}} or higher and an average of 94.8 days with lows of {{convert|31|F|sigfig=1}} or lower annually.

Due to Tehachapi's close proximity to the Tehachapi Pass, which forces air up from the San Joaquin Valley through a narrow canyon into the mountains, the region is notably windy throughout the year. Many days out of the year experience strong wind gusts, usually coming from the Tehachapi Pass to the northwest. During winter, the strong winds can cause temperatures to feel significantly colder than they actually are. When strong high pressure systems are over the area, the winds often cease.

The highest recorded temperature was {{convert|105|F|C}} on July 27, 1934.<ref name=extremeTemp/> The lowest recorded temperature was {{convert|-4|F|C}} on January 14, 1932, and December 21, 1967.<ref name=extremeTemp>{{Cite web
 | url = http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ca8826
 | title = TEHACHAPI, CALIFORNIA – Climate Summary
 | publisher = Western Regional Climate Center
 | access-date = October 6, 2014}}</ref> Annual precipitation averages {{convert|11.08|in|mm}} and there is measurable precipitation on average of 42 days annually. The wettest year was 1983, with {{convert|27.77|in|mm}} and the driest year was 1989, with {{convert|4.3|in|mm}}. The most precipitation in one month was {{convert|11.59|in|mm}} in March 1983. The most precipitation in 24 hours was {{convert|3.4|in|mm}} on March 1, 1983. The snowiest year was 1967, when {{convert|62|in|cm}} fell. The most snow in one month was {{convert|44|in|cm}} in January 1933.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ca8826|title=TEHACHAPI, CALIFORNIA - Climate Summary|website=wrcc.dri.edu}}</ref>

{{Weather box
|location = Tehachapi, California (Elevation 3,970ft) 
|single line = Y
|Jan record high F = 75
|Feb record high F = 78
|Mar record high F = 81
|Apr record high F = 89
|May record high F = 97
|Jun record high F = 104
|Jul record high F = 105
|Aug record high F = 104
|Sep record high F = 102
|Oct record high F = 96
|Nov record high F = 85
|Dec record high F = 81
|year record high F = 105

|Jan avg record high F = 65
|Feb avg record high F = 66
|Mar avg record high F = 72
|Apr avg record high F = 78
|May avg record high F = 86
|Jun avg record high F = 93
|Jul avg record high F = 97
|Aug avg record high F = 95
|Sep avg record high F = 92
|Oct avg record high F = 96
|Nov avg record high F = 73
|Dec avg record high F = 66
|year avg record high F = 98

|Jan high F = 51.3
|Feb high F = 54.0
|Mar high F = 56.0
|Apr high F = 62.6
|May high F = 70.6
|Jun high F = 79.7
|Jul high F = 87.1
|Aug high F = 86.3
|Sep high F = 80.4
|Oct high F = 70.8
|Nov high F = 59.6
|Dec high F = 52.3
|year high F = 
|Jan mean F = 40.4
|Feb mean F = 42.8
|Mar mean F = 44.7
|Apr mean F = 50.0
|May mean F = 56.7
|Jun mean F = 65.6
|Jul mean F = 72.1
|Aug mean F = 70.6
|Sep mean F = 64.2
|Oct mean F = 55.7
|Nov mean F = 47
|Dec mean F = 41.3
|Jan low F = 29.6
|Feb low F = 31.6
|Mar low F = 33.5
|Apr low F = 37.5
|May low F = 43.8
|Jun low F = 51.5
|Jul low F = 57.2
|Aug low F = 54.9
|Sep low F = 48.1
|Oct low F = 40.7
|Nov low F = 34.4
|Dec low F = 30.4
|year low F =

|Jan avg record low F = 18
|Feb avg record low F = 19
|Mar avg record low F = 23
|Apr avg record low F = 27
|May avg record low F = 33
|Jun avg record low F = 40
|Jul avg record low F = 49
|Aug avg record low F = 48
|Sep avg record low F = 40
|Oct avg record low F = 31
|Nov avg record low F = 23
|Dec avg record low F = 17
|year avg record low F = 14

|Jan record low F = −4
|Feb record low F = 4
|Mar record low F = 9
|Apr record low F = 17
|May record low F = 26
|Jun record low F = 29
|Jul record low F = 36
|Aug record low F = 32
|Sep record low F = 22
|Oct record low F = 17
|Nov record low F = 6
|Dec record low F = −4
|year record low F = −4
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 1.85
|Feb precipitation inch = 1.82
|Mar precipitation inch = 1.94
|Apr precipitation inch = 0.92
|May precipitation inch = 0.43
|Jun precipitation inch = 0.11
|Jul precipitation inch = 0.11
|Aug precipitation inch = 0.25
|Sep precipitation inch = 0.32
|Oct precipitation inch = 0.48
|Nov precipitation inch = 1.13
|Dec precipitation inch = 1.70
|year precipitation inch = 11.08
|Jan snow inch = 5.7
|Feb snow inch = 3.0
|Mar snow inch = 6.4
|Apr snow inch = 2.0
|May snow inch = 0.3
|Jun snow inch = 0
|Jul snow inch = 0
|Aug snow inch = 0
|Sep snow inch = 0
|Oct snow inch = 0
|Nov snow inch = 1.6
|Dec snow inch = 4.3
|year snow inch = 23.3
|source 1 = The Western Regional Climate Center<ref name="WRCC">{{cite web
| url =http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ca8826| title =Seasonal Temperature and Precipitation Information | access-date =November 18, 2013 | publisher =Western Regional Climate Center }}</ref>
|date=November 2013
}}

==Demographics==
The population was 14,414 at the 2010 census, up from 10,957 at the 2000 census.
{{US Census population
| 1890 = 255
| 1910 = 385
| 1920 = 458
| 1930 = 736
| 1940 = 1264
| 1950 = 1685
| 1960 = 3161
| 1970 = 4211
| 1980 = 4126
| 1990 = 5791
| 2000 = 10957
| 2010 = 14414
| 2020 = 12939
| estyear = 2023
| estimate = 10888
| estref = <ref name="USCensusEst2023">{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/tables/2020-2023/cities/totals/SUB-IP-EST2023-POP-06.xlsx |date=May 16, 2024|title=City and Town Population Totals: 2020-2023|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=May 16, 2024}}</ref>
| footnote = U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}

===2010===
The [[2010 United States Census]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ipmtext.php?fl=06:0678092|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140715033513/http://www.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ipmtext.php?fl=06:0678092|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 15, 2014|title=2010 Census Interactive Population Search: CA – Tehachapi city|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=July 12, 2014}}</ref> reported that Tehachapi had a population of 14,414. The population density was {{convert|1,445.7|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.

The racial makeup of Tehachapi was 9,426 (65.4%) [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 1,297 (9.0%) [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 206 (1.4%) [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 238 (1.7%) [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 21 (0.1%) [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 2,725 (18.9%) from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 501 (3.5%) from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 5,466 persons (37.9%).

The Census reported that 8,487 people (58.9% of the population) lived in households, 6 (0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 5,921 (41.1%) were institutionalized.

There were 3,121 households, out of which 1,199 (38.4%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 1,504 (48.2%) were [[marriage|opposite-sex married couples]] living together, 418 (13.4%) had a female householder with no husband present, 181 (5.8%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 194 (6.2%) [[POSSLQ|unmarried opposite-sex partnerships]], and 18 (0.6%) [[same-sex partnerships|same-sex married couples or partnerships]]. 879 households (28.2%) were made up of individuals, and 428 (13.7%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72. There were 2,103 [[family (U.S. Census)|families]] (67.4% of all households); the average family size was 3.34.

The population was spread out, with 2,599 people (18.0%) under the age of 18, 1,542 people (10.7%) aged 18 to 24, 5,891 people (40.9%) aged 25 to 44, 3,115 people (21.6%) aged 45 to 64, and 1,267 people (8.8%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34.4 years. For every 100 females, there were 234.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 283.0 males.

There were 3,539 housing units at an average density of {{convert|354.9|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units&nbsp;|units|}}, of which 1,841 (59.0%) were owner-occupied, and 1,280 (41.0%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.2%; the rental vacancy rate was 12.2%. 4,913 people (34.1% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 3,574 people (24.8%) lived in rental housing units.

===2000===
As of the census<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> of 2000, there were 10,957 people, 2,533 households, and 1,709 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,144.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 2,914 housing units at an average density of {{convert|304.2|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units&nbsp;|units|}}.

The racial makeup of the city was 57.2% [[Race (U.S. census)|White]], 13.8% [[Race (U.S. census)|Black]] or [[Race (U.S. census)|African American]], 1.4% [[Race (U.S. census)|Native American]], 0.7% [[Race (U.S. census)|Asian]], 0.2% [[Race (U.S. census)|Pacific Islander]], 23.8% from [[race (U.S. census)|other races]], and 3.0% from two or more races. 32.7% of the population were [[Race (U.S. census)|Hispanic]] or [[Race (U.S. census)|Latino]] of any race.

There were 2,533 households, out of which 35.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.5% were married couples living together, 14.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.5% were non-families. 28.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.59 and the average family size was 3.19.{{Citation needed|date=November 2010}}

In the city, the population was spread out, with 18.5% under the age of 18, 12.9% from 18 to 24, 42.7% from 25 to 44, 16.5% from 45 to 64, and 9.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 224.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 270.0 males.{{Citation needed|date=November 2010}}

The median income for a household in the city was $29,208, and the median income for a family was $40,030. Males had a median income of $50,446 versus $26,023 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,220. 20.4% of the population and 17.4% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 24.5% of those under the age of 18 and 15.5% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.{{Citation needed|date=November 2010}}

==Economy==

[[File:Tehachapi windmills.jpg|left|thumb|[[Wind turbine]]s in the mountains]]

Tehachapi has historically been agrarian, with apples, peaches, grain, vegetables and hay grown year-round.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tehachapinews.com/news/agriculture-in-tehachapi-still-thriving-even-as-large-companies-come/article_17ec53ae-99a8-11e8-8fa6-9f58615a5598.html|title=Agriculture in Tehachapi still thriving, even as large companies come in|last=Jackson|first=Cara|date=August 6, 2018|website=Tehachapi News|language=en|access-date=February 19, 2020}}</ref>

Wine grapes were grown in the area from the 19th century up until [[Prohibition in the United States|prohibition]]. A 2007 application to the [[Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau|Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB)]] for the "Tehachapi/Cummings Valley [[American Viticulture Area|AVA]]" was declined due to insufficient planted acreage.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://winesvinesanalytics.com/news/78574|title=Feds Weigh New L.A. County Vineyard Area|website=Wines Vines Analytics}}</ref> The [[Tehachapi Mountains AVA|Tehachapi Mountains American Viticultural Area]] was approved in 2020.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Baker|first=Darla A.|date=November 18, 2020|title=Tehachapi Mountains receives wine growing designation|url=https://www.bakersfield.com/news/tehachapi-mountains-receives-wine-growing-designation/article_7d851870-29ea-11eb-82b0-1743a88af3d9.html|access-date=November 19, 2020|work=The Bakersfield Californian|language=en}}</ref> It is approximately {{convert|58,000|acres}}.<ref>{{Cite web|date=November 19, 2020|title=Establishment of the Tehachapi Mountains Viticultural Area|url=https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2020/11/19/2020-25301/establishment-of-the-tehachapi-mountains-viticultural-area|access-date=November 28, 2020|website=Federal Register}}</ref>

Roughly half of Tehachapi's water supply originates as groundwater that is replenished by local precipitation; the other half comes from the [[California Aqueduct]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Block|first=Liz|date=February 28, 2015|title=Where does Tehachapi water come from?|url=https://www.theloopnewspaper.com/story/2015/02/28/community/where-does-tehachapi-water-come-from/1342.html|access-date=July 4, 2020|work=The Loop Newspaper}}</ref>

The [[California Correctional Institution]], a maximum security prison also known as Tehachapi State Prison, is in the area. [[Edwards Air Force Base]] lies {{convert|40|mile|}} to the east.

The Tehachapi area has been a center for renewable wind energy, containing 4,531 turbines that produce 3,200 megawatts of electricity as of 2019. In the same year, [[Amazon.com|Amazon]] announced it would begin sourcing wind energy from Tehachapi as part of its goal to become carbon-neutral by 2040.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/12/how-a-massive-amazon-wind-farm-will-change-a-rural-town-in-america.html|title=How a massive Amazon wind farm promises to change a tiny town in rural America|last=Douglas|first=Jacob|date=October 12, 2019|work=CNBC|language=en|access-date=February 19, 2020}}</ref>  The [[Tehachapi Energy Storage Project]], commissioned in 2014, is located at Monolith Substation.<ref>{{Cite press release|title=SCE Unveils Largest Battery Energy Storage Project in North America|url=https://newsroom.edison.com/releases/sce-unveils-largest-battery-energy-storage-project-in-north-america|publisher=Edison International|language=en|access-date=May 17, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Large battery-energy storage project unveiled in Tehachapi|url=https://bakersfieldnow.com/news/local/large-battery-energy-storage-project-unveiled-in-tehachapi|work=BakersfieldNow|date=September 23, 2014|publisher=KBAK|access-date=May 17, 2020}}</ref>

In 2019, a [[Walmart]] store opened in Tehachapi, which would provide up to 200 full and part-time jobs.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.tehachapinews.com/news/walmart-announces-a-tentative-opening-date-for-august/article_02ecf2b4-a4d4-11e9-8ccf-87754db90bec.html|title=Walmart announces a tentative opening date for August|last=Jackson|first=Cara|date=July 12, 2019|work=Tehachapi News|language=en|access-date=February 19, 2020}}</ref>

==Recreation and culture==
[[File:2009-0726-CA-Tehachapi-Beekay.jpg|thumb|right|The BeeKay Theater is a historic theater converted into a live theater for the Tehachapi Community Theater in 2008.]]
The Tehachapi area is known for the nearby [[Tehachapi Loop]] (a popular [[railfan]] site), [[Tehachapi Pass Wind Farm]], the Tehachapi Depot Museum,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tehachapi Depot Museum|url=https://www.tehachapidepot.com/|language=en|access-date=May 17, 2020}}</ref> the Tehachapi Museum,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tehachapi Museum |url=https://tehachapimuseum.org |language=en|access-date=May 22, 2021}}</ref> the Tomo-Kahni State Historic Park and Tomi-Kahni Resource Center (Native American),<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.parks.ca.gov/|title=Tomo-Kahni SHP|publisher=CA State Parks}}</ref> and excellent air conditions for [[gliding]]. Tehachapi is on the [[Pacific Crest Trail]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Galeno |first=Christian |date=May 10, 2022 |title=Pacific Crest Trail hikers find real-life 'trail angels' in Tehachapi |url=https://www.kget.com/news/local-news/pacific-crest-trail-hikers-find-real-life-trail-angels-in-tehachapi/ |access-date=May 26, 2022 |work=KGET 17 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://hikerfeed.com/pacific-crest-trail/towns | title=Pacific Crest Trail Towns |publisher=HikerFeed }}</ref> {{convert|10|mi|km|spell=In}} to the west, at [[Keene, California|Keene]], is the National Chavez Center, established to share the legacy of [[Cesar Chavez]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=National Chavez Center |publisher=Cesar Chavez Foundation |url=https://chavezfoundation.org/national-chavez-center |access-date=July 20, 2022 |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== Cycling ===
Tehachapi has a thriving and growing cycling community for both mountain biking and road cycling. The Tehachapi Gran Fondo, a mass cycling event in September, was named Best [[Century ride|Century]] by Cycle CA magazine two years in a row.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tehachapigranfondo.com/|title=Home|website=www.tehachapigranfondo.com|access-date=January 2, 2017}}</ref> The event offers several distance choices, the longest being around {{convert|100|mile|}} and {{convert|7000|feet|}} of climbing through wind farms, vegetable farms, orchards and mountains.

Tehachapi Mountain Trails Association (TMTA) is a local group of riders and trail builders. The trails are often used for singletrack mountain biking. TMTA members are walkers, hikers, road bicyclists, mountain bikers, horseback riders, and outdoor enthusiasts interested in developing and preserving multi-use non motorized trails throughout the greater Tehachapi area.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tehachapi Mountain Trails Assn - Home |url=https://www.tehachapitrails.com/ |access-date=July 20, 2022 |website=www.tehachapitrails.com |language=en}}</ref>

===Community orchestra and theater===

Tehachapi boasts two local orchestras. The Tehachapi Community Orchestra, now called the Tehachapi Symphony Orchestra, was founded in 1997 by Joan Samara and Deborah Hand as an outgrowth of the Da Camera Players String Ensemble, and incorporated in 1998 by Gayel Pitchford. It performs 5 free-to-the public concerts each year, with familiar selections from the classical canon. This orchestra and its founders' vision were profiled in the Sept/Oct 2005 issue of [[League of American Orchestras#Publications|Symphony Magazine]]. (See also The Tehachapi News October 12, 1997)

The Tehachapi Pops Orchestra (T-Pops), founded in 2006 by Deborah Hand, plays an eclectic blend of popular and jazz music, as well as original compositions. T-Pops performs 5 to 6 concerts each year. All are free to the public except for the Halloween concert held at the Beekay Theater with the local theater group, the Tehachapi Community Theater.<ref name=tp20101201>
{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20130506014157/http://tpops.org Tehachapi Pops Orchestra]}}, TPops website, accessed July 9, 2012</ref>

{{As of|2010}}, a local theater group, the Tehachapi Community Theater, performs in the restored downtown BeeKay Theater.<ref name=tcyf20101201>
[http://tctonstage.com/ Tehachapi Community Theater], TCT website: Center Stage, accessed December 1, 2010</ref>

== Government ==
{{Expand section|date=December 2021}}

=== Law enforcement ===
The Tehachapi Police Department has been dissolved and reformed several times throughout the city's history. Initially created with the founding of the city, it was later disbanded. It was reestablished in 1955 and disbanded a second time.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Jon Hammond|title=Charlie Hernandez: a native son of the Tehachapi Valley|url=https://www.tehachapinews.com/lifestyle/charlie-hernandez-a-native-son-of-the-tehachapi-valley/article_a896966d-35a0-5727-b050-f57597a50667.html|access-date=December 3, 2021|website=Tehachapi News|language=en|date=February 16, 2012}}</ref> It was reestablished once more on November 27, 2006, with the swearing in of the Chief of Police, Jeff Kermode. {{As of|2024}}, the [[chief of police]] is Richard Standridge.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tehachapi Police Department {{!}} Tehachapi, CA - Official Website|url=https://www.liveuptehachapi.com/29/Tehachapi-Police-Department|access-date=December 3, 2021|website=www.liveuptehachapi.com}}</ref>

==Media==
===Newspapers===
The city has several local news publications, including the ''[[Tehachapi News]]''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tehachapi News|url=http://www.tehachapinews.com/|website=Tehachapi News|language=en|access-date=May 17, 2020}}</ref> (since 1899) and ''The Loop''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Loop Newspaper Homepage|url=https://www.theloopnewspaper.com/
|website=The Loop Newspaper|access-date=May 17, 2020}}</ref>

==Transportation==
The Tehachapi Park and Ride facility at 335 W Tehachapi Boulevard offers free parking and connections to [[Kern Transit]] and [[Amtrak Thruway]] buses. Kern Transit Route 100 goes from [[Lancaster station (California)|Lancaster]] to [[Bakersfield station (Amtrak)|Bakersfield]].<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://kerntransit.org/routes/route-100/ | title=Kern Transit &#124; Route 100 }}</ref>  The Amtrak Thruway bus provides connections to [[Oxnard Transit Center|Oxnard]] and [[Santa Barbara station|Santa Barbara]].<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.amtrak.com/stations/teh | title=Tehachapi, CA (TEH) &#124; Amtrak }}</ref>

[[Tehachapi Municipal Airport]] is located approximately one mile east of the Park and Ride facility.

==In popular culture==
===Film productions===
Tehachapi has been host to productions by both [[Cinema of the United States#Rise of Hollywood|Hollywood]] and [[independent film]]makers, as well as being frequently mentioned, particularly during the [[film noir|noir]] era.<ref name="filmarticle">{{cite news |last=Jepson |first=Eric W |date=April 2005 |title=Hollywood goes to prison |newspaper=[[Tehachapi News]]}}</ref>

Perhaps the first movie to be filmed in Tehachapi was ''[[The Lady of the Dugout]]'' (1918), which starred former outlaws [[Al Jennings|Al and Frank Jennings]] playing themselves. The brother outlaws were well known to Americans of the time.<ref name="filmarticle" />

Referencing [[California Correctional Institution#History|the local women's prison]] was a common manner in which Tehachapi received mention in noir film, including [[James M. Cain]] adaptations ''[[The Postman Always Rings Twice (1946 film)|The Postman Always Rings Twice]]'' and ''[[Double Indemnity]]'', in which [[Fred MacMurray]]'s character tells of one woman who killed her husband: "All she collected was a three-to-ten stretch in Tehachapi (neither of Cain's novels mention Tehachapi)."<ref name="filmarticle" />

In ''[[The Maltese Falcon (1941 film)|The Maltese Falcon]]'', [[Sam Spade]] (played by [[Humphrey Bogart]]) tells a female criminal and [[love interest]], "Well, if you get a good break, you'll be out of Tehachapi in twenty years and you can come back to me then." In [[The Maltese Falcon (novel)|the book]], the reference was not to Tehachapi but to [[San Quentin]].<ref name="filmarticle" />

''[[Nocturne (1946 film)|Nocturne]]'' (1946) featured a housemaid mysteriously referred to as the "Tehachapi Debutante," and 1948's ''The Hunted'' has a heroine fresh out of Tehachapi after four years for jewelry theft.<ref name="filmarticle" />

In ''[[The Story of Molly X]]'' (1949), Molly X is the leader of a San Francisco gang sent to Tehachapi for her role in a burglary attempt instead of San Quentin for execution. Most of the film then takes place at the prison, as Molly goes from being trouble to a model prisoner.<ref name="filmarticle" />

In ''[[1001 Rabbit Tales]]'', [[Bugs Bunny]] tells the sultan's son that [[Hansel and Gretel]]'s witch was sent to Tehachapi.<ref name="filmarticle" />

In ''[[Star Trek Generations]]'' (1994), actors [[Patrick Stewart]] and [[William Shatner]] appear in a scene filmed in the Tehachapi mountains.<ref name="filmarticle" />

The [[Christina Applegate]] vehicle originally titled ''Tehachapi'' sends her character to Tehachapi because her lover is in prison here. The movie was eventually released under the title ''Across the Moon'' (1995).<ref name="filmarticle" />

The fourth season of the teen-geared television series, ''[[Endurance (TV series)#Season 4 - Endurance: Tehachapi (2005–06)|Endurance]]'' produced by the [[Discovery Kids Network]] was filmed in Tehachapi and aired from 2005 to 2006.

In ''[[Mac and Me]]'' (1988), after the characters state they have to "drive to [[F. W. Woolworth Company|Woolworth]]'s in [[Palmdale, California|Palmdale]]" the next shot shows them driving up a dirt road through a Tehachapi [[wind farm]]. Similarly, ''[[Terminal Velocity (film)|Terminal Velocity]]'' (1994) has a fight sequence filmed on top of a hill in one of the farms.

''[[Herbie: Fully Loaded]]'' (2005) shot a sequence at a wind farm and on Oak Creek Road, which winds through several farms.

Tehachapi was featured in several episodes of the [[Animal Planet]] reality show ''[[Pit Bulls and Parolees]]''. The show focuses on the [[Villalobos Rescue Center]] and the pit bulls cared for by the center; in 2011, the rescue's application to use property owned in Tehachapi to expand rescue operations was denied by the Kern County Planning Department.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Enovijas|first=Carin|date=April 13, 2011|title=Pit Bulls & Parolees reality rescuer won't move here|url=https://www.tehachapinews.com/news/pit-bulls-parolees-reality-rescuer-won-t-move-here/article_9ce7b8f3-e805-5224-8840-413f42fff102.html|access-date=July 4, 2020|website=Tehachapi News|language=en}}</ref>

Other movies filmed in Tehachapi include ''Face to Face'' (2001), ''Fault'' (2002), ''Batman: Revenge'' (2003){{citation needed|date=January 2021}}, ''The Gentleman Don La Mancha'' (2004), ''I.F.O. (Identified Flying Object)'' (1985), ''Motor Mansions'' (2005), ''[[The Legend of Bloody Mary]]'' (2008), ''[[The Grapes of Wrath (film)|The Grapes of Wrath]]'' (1940, featuring the scene at [[Keene, California|Keene Ranch]]), and ''[[The Hangover Part III]]'' (2013).

===Music===
The American [[Country rock|Country Rock]] band [[Little Feat]] references Tehachapi in its song, [[Willin' (Little Feat song)|Willin']], written by its multi-instrumentalist band member [[Lowell George]]. The song has been covered numerous times, most notably by [[Linda Ronstadt]] on her 1974 album, [[Heart Like a Wheel]], by [[Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen]] on its 1975 [[eponym]]ous album, and by [[Gregg Allman]] on his 2017 album, [[Southern Blood (album)|Southern Blood]] (released posthumously). The American singer [[Margo Cilker]] included a song called "Tehachapi" on her 2021 album [[Pohorylle]].

===Video game references===
In the 1999 [[PlayStation (console)|PlayStation]] video game [[Parasite Eve II]], its main protagonist, [[Aya Brea]], receives a map of Mojave region and is tasked to go to a fictional town of "Dryfield". The said map can be examined more thoroughly as an item of interest, and upon closer inspection it is revealed that the picture for the aforementioned map was actually based on real life satellite photo of the region, which shows real roads and infrastructure as they were existing in late 1990's, including portion of the real town of [[Bakersfield, California|Bakersfield]], with the fictional town of "Dryfield" being encircled in it, and it's physical position on the picture shown in-game directly matching where Tehachapi is positioned in real life. The fictional location of "Dryfield" looks nothing like the real Tehachapi does in reality, but on the map picture that's being shown in the Parasite Eve II game it is directly placed where real Tehachapi is.

===Condor mass perching===
In May 2021, a resident came home after a holiday to find that about 15 to 20 [[California condor|condors]] had descended on her home.<ref name=PC_NYT>{{cite news| title=Pesky Condors Invade California Home| author=Johnny Diaz| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/06/us/california-condors-house.html| work=[[The New York Times]] | date=May 6, 2021| access-date=September 21, 2021}}</ref> She said, "To have that many condors on my house was surreal; they can be destructive and messy. Nature is amazing!" The birds had ripped up decking, taken to a bath spa and knocked over several plants.<ref name=PC_NYT/>

The [[Fish and Wildlife Service]] responded to [[Twitter|tweets]] about the incident that the house is in a condor habitat where there are food sources and that sometimes condors use houses and decks as perch locations.<ref name=PC_NYT/> Spokeswoman Pam Bierce said that as condors re-colonized historical ranges "people could increasingly find themselves interacting with the curious, intelligent and social birds".<ref name=PA_LAT>{{cite news| title=Party animals: California condors show up uninvited at woman's home, trash the deck| agency=[[Associated Press]]| url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-05-07/flock-giant-california-condors-trashes-home| work=[[Los Angeles Times]] | date=May 7, 2021| access-date=September 21, 2021}}</ref>

Mickols' daughter Seana Quintero stated that all-in-all her mother was in "good stride and appreciating this once-in-a-lifetime annoyance but hoping they decide to leave her house alone soon".<ref name=PC_NYT/>

==See also==
{{Portal|California}}
* [[List of cities and towns in California]]
* [[California Historical Landmarks in Kern County]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Tehachapi, California}}
{{wikivoyage|Tehachapi}}
*City of Tehachapi - {{Official website}}
*[http://www.tehachapi.com/ Tehachapi Chamber of Commerce]
*[http://www.parks.ca.gov/default.asp?page_id=610 Tomo-Kahni State Historic Park website]—''[[Kawaiisu]] Native American Village, near Tehachapi''

{{Cities of Kern County, California|state=collapsed}}
{{Sierra Nevada}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Tehachapi, California| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Kern County, California]]
[[Category:Incorporated cities and towns in California]]
[[Category:Tehachapi Mountains]]
[[Category:1909 establishments in California]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1909]]
[[Category:Cities in the Mojave Desert]]