Editing Telecommunications in Guatemala

{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
'''Telecommunications in Guatemala''' include radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet.

==Radio and television==
{{See also |List of television stations in Latin America#Guatemala |l1=List of television stations in Guatemala}}

* [[Radio broadcasting|Radio stations]]: 1 government-owned radio station and hundreds of privately owned radio stations (2007).<ref name=CIAWFB-Guatemala-2014>[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/guatemala/ "Communications: Guatemala"], ''World Factbook'', U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, 7 January 2014. Retrieved 14 January 2014.</ref>
* [[Receiver (radio)|Radios]]: 835,000 (1997).{{update after|2014|1|14}}
* [[Television broadcasting|Television stations]]: 4 privately owned national terrestrial channels dominate TV broadcasting; multi-channel satellite and cable services are available (2007).<ref name=CIAWFB-Guatemala-2014/>
* [[Television set]]s: 640,000 (1997).{{update after|2014|1|14}}

==Telephones==
{{See also |Telephone numbers in Guatemala}}

Guatemala's incumbent telephone company is TELGUA, which won the bidding for the privatization of the government run GUATEL.

* [[Calling code]]: +502<ref name=CIAWFB-Guatemala-2014/>
* [[List of international call prefixes|International call prefix]]: 00<ref>[http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-t/opb/sp/T-SP-E.164C-2011-PDF-E.pdf ''Dialing Procedures (International Prefix, National (Trunk) Prefix and National (Significant) Number) (in Accordance with ITY-T Recommendation E.164 (11/2010))''], Annex to ITU Operational Bulletin No. 994-15.XII.2011, International Telecommunication Union (ITU, Geneva), 15 December 2011. Retrieved 2 January 2014.</ref>
* Main lines in use: 
** 665,061 lines (2000)
** 1.4 million lines (2006)
** 1.7 million lines, 63rd in the world (2012)<ref name=CIAWFB-Guatemala-2014/>
* Mobile cellular:
** 663,296 lines (2000)
** 6.8 million lines (2006)
** 10.2 million lines, 70% of the population (2007)
** 20.8 million lines, 46th in the world (2012)<ref name=CIAWFB-Guatemala-2014/>
* Telephone system: fairly modern network centered in [[Guatemala City]]; connected to Central American Microwave System,<ref name=CIAWFB-Guatemala-2014/> a trunk [[microwave radio relay]] system that links the countries of [[Central America]] and [[Mexico]] with each other.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070613003757/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2124.html "Telephone System terms and abbreviations"], ''World Factbook'', U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, 7 January 2014. Retrieved 12 January 2014.</ref> 
* [[Communications satellite|Satellite earth stations]]: 1 [[Intelsat]] ([[Atlantic Ocean]]).<ref name=CIAWFB-Guatemala-2014/>
* [[List of international submarine communications cables|Communications cables]]: landing point for both the [[ARCOS-1|Americas Region Caribbean Ring]] (ARCOS-1) and the [[SAm-1 (cable system)|SAm-1]] fiber optic submarine cable systems that together provide connectivity to [[South America|South]] and [[Central America]], parts of the [[Caribbean]], and the [[United States|US]] (2011).<ref name=CIAWFB-Guatemala-2014/>
* Operators:{{citation needed |date=January 2014}}
:{| class="wikitable"
|-
! International Operator
! Brand
! Users
! Technology
! Web Site
|-
| [[América Móvil]]
| [[Claro (mobile phone network)|Claro]]/PCS Digital 
| 3,591,138 (June 2007)
| [[CDMA]] 1x EVDO Rev 0 1900&nbsp;MHz, [[GSM]]/[[GPRS]]/[[EDGE (telecommunication)|EDGE]] 900/1900&nbsp;MHz, [[UMTS]]/[[High Speed Packet Access|HSPA]] 1900&nbsp;MHz (1.5&nbsp;Mbit/s) with video calling and data services available.
| [http://www.claro.com.gt Claro Guatemala]
|-
| [[Telefónica]]
| [[Movistar]] 
| 2,514,612 (June 2007)
| [[CDMA]] 1x EVDO Rev A 1900&nbsp;MHz and [[GSM]]/[[GPRS]]/[[EDGE (telecommunication)|EDGE]] 1900&nbsp;MHz, [[UMTS]]/[[High Speed Packet Access|HSPA]] 1900&nbsp;MHz (7.2&nbsp;Mbit/s) with data services only available.
| [http://www.movistar.com.gt Movistar Guatemala]
|-
| [[Millicom]] / Local partners
| [[Millicom|TIGO]]/COMCEL 
| 3,116,998 (June 2007)
| [[Digital AMPS|TDMA]]/N-AMPS (to be shut down) and [[GSM]]/[[GPRS]]/[[EDGE (telecommunication)|EDGE]] 850&nbsp;MHz, [[UMTS]]/[[HSDPA]] 850&nbsp;MHz (3.6&nbsp;Mbit/s) with video calling and data services available
| [http://www.tigo.com.gt TIGO Guatemala]
|-
| [[Digicel Group]]
| [[Digicel]] must be launched before June 18, 2008{{update after|2014|1|14}}
| &nbsp;{{update after|2014|1|14}}
| Planned [[GSM]]/[[GPRS]]/[[EDGE (telecommunication)|EDGE]] 900&nbsp;MHz
| [http://www.digicelgroup.com Digicel Group]
|}

==Internet==

* [[Top-level domain]]: [[.gt]]<ref name=CIAWFB-Guatemala-2014/> 
* [[List of countries by number of Internet users|Internet users]]:
:{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Users
|-
| 2002
| ~200,000
|-
| 2003
| ~600,000
|-
| 2004
| ~1.0 million
|-
| 2005
| ~1.7 million
|-
| 2006
| ~2.4 million
|-
| 2007
| ~3.8 million
|-
| 2009<ref name=CIAWFB-Guatemala-2014/>
| ~2.3 million, 72nd in the world
|-
| 2012<ref name=NIUCalc>Calculated using penetration rate and population data from [https://www.census.gov/population/international/data/idb/rank.php "Countries and Areas Ranked by Population: 2012"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170329060848/https://www.census.gov/population/international/data/idb/rank.php |date=2017-03-29 }}, Population data, International Programs, U.S. Census Bureau, retrieved 26 June 2013</ref><ref name=ITU-IndividualsUsingTheInternet>[http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Documents/statistics/2013/Individuals_Internet_2000-2012.xls "Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 2000-2012"], International Telecommunication Union (Geneva), June 2013, retrieved 22 June 2013</ref>
| ~2.3 million, 86th in the world; 16.0% of the population, 153rd in the world
|-
|2021<ref>{{Citation |title=Guatemala |date=2024-02-20 |work=The World Factbook |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/guatemala/ |access-date=2024-02-27 |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |language=en}}</ref>
|~9.2 million
|}
* [[List of countries by number of broadband Internet subscriptions|Fixed broadband]]: unknown (2012).<ref name="FixedBroadbandITUDynamic2012">[http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ICTEYE/Reporting/DynamicReportWizard.aspx "Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 2012"], Dynamic Report, ITU ITC EYE, [[International Telecommunication Union]]. Retrieved on 29 June 2013.</ref>
* [[List of countries by number of broadband Internet subscriptions|Mobile broadband]]: 632,624 subscriptions, 85th in the world; 4.5% of the population, 113th in the world (2012).<ref name=NIUCalc/><ref name="MobleBroadbandITUDynamic2012">[http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ICTEYE/Reporting/DynamicReportWizard.aspx "Active mobile-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 2012"], Dynamic Report, ITU ITC EYE, [[International Telecommunication Union]]. Retrieved on 29 June 2013.</ref>
* [[List of countries by number of Internet hosts|Internet hosts]]: 357,552 hosts, 60th in the world (2012).<ref name=CIAWFB-Guatemala-2014/>
* [[List of countries by IPv4 address allocation|IPv4]]: 552,192 addresses allocated, less than 0.05% of the world total, 39.2 addresses per 1000 people (2012).
* [[Internet Service Provider]]s (ISPs): 27 (2004).<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/CIA_World_Fact_Book,_2004/Guatemala |title=CIA World Fact Book, 2004}}</ref>

===Internet censorship and surveillance===

In 2011 the [[OpenNet Initiative]] reported no evidence of Internet filtering in Guatemala.<ref name=ONI-Guatemala-2013>[https://opennet.net/research/profiles/guatemala "Country profile: Guatemala"], OpenNet Initiative, 15 July 2013. Retrieved 12 November 2013.</ref>

Guatemala's constitution protects [[freedom of speech]], [[freedom of the press]], and individual privacy, however, government officials routinely violate these rights. Recent constitutional reforms have legalized various [[computer and network surveillance|electronic surveillance techniques]] that threaten online privacy.<ref name=ONI-Guatemala-2013/> 
 
* The Ley de Proteccion Integral de la Niñez y Adolescencia (Law on the Protection of Children and Adolescents) permits the restriction of content for children younger than eighteen years of age if it is deemed harmful to their development. Media outlets and organizers of public events are required to evaluate and classify programmed content according to this law.<ref name=ONI-Guatemala-2013/>
* The Ley de Emisión del Pensamiento (Law on Expression of Thought) prohibits [[libel]], [[slander]], and [[treason]] in printed form, and stipulates that the author of any publication containing an opinion that the judiciary considers to be subversive, morally damaging, or "disrespectful" of private life may be subject to punishment. The Law on Expression of Thought explicitly requires newspapers that have incorrectly attributed acts to or published false information about people or entities to publish any corrections, explanations, or refutations sent to them by those they have accused. In cases of printed material that involves treason, is subversive, is "damaging to morals," or contains slander or libel, newspapers may be subject to a trial by jury; decisions may be appealed within 48 hours. The law makes an exception when the offended party is a government employee or official: if the offending content concerns "purely official acts" related to government work, the case will be judged in a "court of honor," and the decision will be final and closed to appeal.<ref name=ONI-Guatemala-2013/>
* The Ley de Orden Público (Law of Public Order) states that if the government has declared the country to be "in a state of siege," journalists must "refrain from publishing anything that might cause confusion or panic."<ref name=ONI-Guatemala-2013/>

==See also==
* [[Media of Guatemala]]

==References==

* {{CIA World Factbook |year=2014}}
* {{US DOS |year=2012}}
* [http://www.prensalibre.com.gt/pl/2005/noviembre/07/127185.html Source for telephone numbers - prensalibre.com.gt]
{{reflist |32em}}

==External links==
* [http://www.gt Registro de Dominios .GT] {{in lang|es}}, domain registrar for the .gt domain.

{{Clear}}
{{Guatemala topics}}
{{Americas topic|Telecommunications in}}
{{Telecommunications}}
{{Internet censorship by country}}

[[Category:Communications in Guatemala| ]]
[[Category:Telecommunications by country|Guatemala]]
[[Category:Internet censorship by country|Guatemala]]
[[Category:Telecommunications in Central America by country|Guatemala]]