Editing Telecommunications in Serbia

{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
'''Telecommunication in Serbia''' is an important economic sector, accounting for 8.1% of country's [[Gross domestic product|GDP]] in 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bruto domaći proizvod, 2023. |url=https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2024/HtmlL/G20241272.html |access-date=2025-01-11 |website=Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia}}</ref>

==Telephony==
{{Main|Telephone numbers in Serbia}}

* [[Landline|Fixed-line telephones]]: 81% of households (2016)<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |title=PREGLED TRŽIŠTA |url=http://www.ratel.rs/upload/documents/Pregled_trzista/Pregled%20trzista%202016.pdf |access-date=11 February 2023 |website=Ratel |language=Bosnian}}</ref>
* [[Landline|Telephone - fixed lines]] in use: 2.55 million, 36% penetration rate (2016)<ref name="auto1"/>
* [[Mobile telephony|Telephone - mobile cellular]]: 9.09 million, 128% penetration rate (2016)<ref name="auto1"/>
* [[List of country calling codes|International - country code]]: 381
* [[Ground station|International - satellite earth station]]: 1 [[Intelsat]] (Atlantic Ocean)

===Fixed telephony===
Serbia has a developed and efficient telephone network infrastructure. Domestic line system is 100% digital, with digital cable trunk line connecting switching centres. A drop in fixed-line connections in the last decade has been more than offset by a sharp increase in mobile-cellular telephone use. [[Telekom Srbija]], the former state monopoly, is the predominant player in landline telephony with 93.8% of market share.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://static.mts.rs/pdf/poslovanje/konacni-izvestaj-2015.pdf?d=False&h=636039318327200000 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2016-09-23 |archive-date=2016-09-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923181517/http://static.mts.rs/pdf/poslovanje/konacni-izvestaj-2015.pdf?d=False&h=636039318327200000 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Since the liberalization of the telecommunications market in 2013, Telekom Srbija has been very slowly losing market share to 16 other telecom operators, of which the most significant ones include [[Serbia Broadband|SBB]] and Orion Telekom.

===Mobile telephony===

As of December 2023 Serbia has three mobile networks, [[Telekom Srbija]], [[Telenor Serbia|Yettel]], and [[Vip mobile|A1]], all of which are licensed for 2G GSM, 3G UMTS, and 4G LTE. The largest mobile operator is [[Telekom Srbija]], marketed as ''mts'', with 44.1% market share, followed by [[Telenor Serbia|Yettel]] with 31.9% and [[Vip mobile|A1]] with 24% market share.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.ratel.rs/storage/upload/2024/10/PZxoybyU7pva3nmJdRa8Y7IYK0FJkEWd42rliFd7.pdf |title=Pregled tržišta elektronskih komunikacija i poštanskih usluga u 2023. godini |date=2024-07-16 |publisher=RATEL}}</ref> In addition, [[Serbia Broadband|SBB]] gained [[mobile virtual network operator]] licence in 2013 but is still not offering services.

==Radio and television==
{{Main|Television in Serbia}}
* [[Radios]] (2016): 75.7% of households<ref name="auto1"/>
* [[Radio broadcasting|Radio broadcast stations]]: 247 (including six national stations, 34 regional stations, and 207 local stations)<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=STATISTICAL YEARBOOK OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA |url=http://webrzs.stat.gov.rs/WebSite/userFiles/file/Aktuelnosti/StatGod2015.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180205072108/http://webrzs.stat.gov.rs/WebSite/userFiles/file/Aktuelnosti/StatGod2015.pdf |archive-date=5 February 2018 |access-date=11 February 2023 |website=stat.gov.rs |language=Serbian}}</ref>
* [[Televisions]] (2016): 97.8% of households<ref name="auto1"/>
* [[Television broadcasting|Television broadcast stations]]: 122 (including seven national stations, 26 regional stations, and 89 local stations)<ref name="auto"/>

===Free-to-air terrestrial television===
[[Digital television transition]] has been completed in 2015 with MPEG-4 compression standard and [[DVB-T2]] standard for signal transmission.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.etv.rs/etvesti/87-etvakcije/281-zavrsena-digitalizacija |title=Završena Digitalizacija! |access-date=2016-01-10 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304085213/http://www.etv.rs/etvesti/87-etvakcije/281-zavrsena-digitalizacija |archive-date=2016-03-04 }}</ref>

===Pay television===
Some 67% of households are provided with [[pay television|pay television services]] (i.e. 38.7% cable television, 16.9% IPTV, and 10.4% satellite).<ref name="auto1"/> There are 90 pay television operators (cable, IPTV, DTH), largest of which are [[Serbia Broadband|SBB]] (mainly cable) with 48% market share, [[Telekom Srbija]] (''mts TV'') with 25%, followed by [[Pošta Srbije|PoštaNet]] with 5%, and Ikom and Kopernikus with 4% and 3%, respectively.<ref name="auto1"/>

==IT Industry==
The Serbian [[Information Technology|IT industry]] is rapidly growing and changing pace. In 2018, IT services exports reached $1.3 billion.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://startit.rs/izvoz-it-usluga-po-prvi-put-presao-milijardu-evra-rast-od-26-u-odnosu-na-2017-godinu/|title = Izvoz IT usluga po prvi put prešao milijardu evra, rast od 26% u odnosu na 2017. Godinu|date = 23 February 2019}}</ref> With 6,924 companies in the IT sector ({{as of|2013|alt=2013 data}}), Belgrade is one of the [[information technology]] centres in this part of Europe, with strong growth.<ref name=novosti>{{cite web|url=http://www.novosti.rs/vesti/beograd.74.html:430759-U-Beogradu-radi-120000-firmi |title=U Beogradu radi 120.000 firmi |publisher=Večernje Novosti|date=23 April 2013 |access-date=4 November 2013}}</ref> The [[Microsoft Development Center Serbia|Microsoft Development Center]] in Belgrade was, at the time of its establishment, the fifth such centre in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.microsoft.com/serbia/mdcs/default.aspx |title=Microsoft Development Center Serbia |publisher=Microsoft.com |date=1 April 2011 |access-date=15 May 2013}}</ref> Many worlds IT companies choose Belgrade as regional or European centre such as [[Asus]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.emportal.rs/vesti/srbija/62935.html |title=Asus otvorio regionalni centar u Beogradu |publisher=Emportal.rs |access-date=16 November 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522124646/http://www.emportal.rs/vesti/srbija/62935.html |archive-date=22 May 2011 }}</ref> [[Intel]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ekapija.com/website/sr/page/140159 |title=Centar kompanije 'Intel' za Balkan u Beogradu – Srbija deo 'Intel World Ahead Program' |publisher=E kapija |access-date=7 July 2009}}</ref> [[Dell]],<ref>{{cite web |last=Beograd |first=Ana Vlahović |url=http://pressonline.rs/sr/vesti/vesti_dana/story/183266/Srbija+centar+IT+industrije.html |title=Srbija centar IT industrije |publisher=Pressonline.rs |date=25 September 2011 |access-date=12 March 2013}}</ref> [[Huawei]], [[NCR Corporation|NCR]],<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.ekapija.com/website/sr/page/762729/NCR-planira-da-udvostruči-broj-zaposlenih-u-Srbiji-u-2014 |title=NCR planira da udvostruči broj zaposlenih u Srbiji u 2014 |publisher=eKapija |date=24 July 2013 |access-date=4 November 2013 |language=sr}}</ref> [[Ubisoft Belgrade|Ubisoft]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.linkedin.com/|title=LinkedIn Login, Sign in|website=LinkedIn}}</ref> etc. These companies have taken advantage of Serbia's large pool of engineers and relatively low wages.

Large investments by global tech companies like [[Microsoft]], typical of the 2000s, are being eclipsed by a growing number of domestic startups which obtain funding from domestic and international investors. What brought companies like Microsoft in the first place was a large pool of talented engineers and mathematicians.<ref name="next.ft.com">{{cite news |last=MacDowall |first=Andrew |date=28 October 2013 |title=Serbia's technical talent attracts global investors |website=Financial Times |url=https://www.ft.com/content/7d899fac-3a42-11e3-9243-00144feab7de |url-access=subscription |access-date=21 June 2019 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/7d899fac-3a42-11e3-9243-00144feab7de |archive-date=2022-12-10}}</ref> In just the first quarter of 2016, more than US$65 million has been raised by Serbian startups including $45 million for Seven Bridges (a [[Bioinformatics]] firm) and $14 million for Vast (a [[data analysis]] firm).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://startit.rs/srpsko-americki-seven-bridges-uzeo-investiciju-od-45-miliona-dolara-za-brzi-razvoj-terapija-za-rak/|title=Srpsko-američki Seven Bridges uzeo investiciju od 45 miliona dolara za brži razvoj lečenja raka&nbsp;— startit|website=startit.rs|date=16 February 2016|access-date=2016-11-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://startit.rs/vast-uzeo-investiciju-od-14-miliona-dolara-za-razvoj-b2c-proizvoda-i-sirenje-u-beogradu/|title=Vast uzeo investiciju od 14 miliona dolara za razvoj B2C proizvoda i širenje u Beogradu&nbsp;— startit|website=startit.rs|date=12 February 2016|access-date=2016-11-03}}</ref> One of the most successful startups have been [[Nordeus]] which was founded in [[Belgrade]] in 2010 and is one of Europe's fastest-growing companies in the field of [[computer games]] (the developer of [[Top Eleven Football Manager]], a game played by over 20 million people).<ref>{{cite web|last1=Jordan|first1=Jon|title=The Charticle: How Nordeus' Top Eleven rose to the top of the table|url=http://www.pocketgamer.biz/the-charticle/53940/the-charticle-how-nordeus-top-eleven-rose-to-the-top-of-the-table/|website=pocketgamer.biz|access-date=4 January 2017|date=23 September 2013}}</ref>

==Internet==
{{Main|Internet in Serbia}}

* [[Top-level domain]]s: [[.rs]] and [[.срб]] <small>(Cyrillic)</small><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rnids.rs/en/domains/national-domains|title=National domains|date=2 February 2015}}</ref>
* Internet users: 5.8 million, 87.7% of the population (2024)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024 |title=Употреба информационо-комуникационих технологија у Републици Србији |url=https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2024/Pdf/G202416019.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=11 January 2025 |website=stat.gov.rs |language=Serbian |issn=1820-9149}}</ref>
* Fixed internet access: 2.08 million households, 80% of households (2023)<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |url=https://www.ratel.rs/storage/upload/2024/09/7.%20USLUGE%20%C5%A0IROKOPOJASNOG%20PRISTUPA%20INTERNETU.pdf |title=Pregled tržišta elektronskih komunikacija i poštanskih usluga u 2023. godini |date=2024-07-16 |publisher=RATEL}}</ref>
** Fixed internet access by type (2023):<ref name=":0" />
*** [[Cable Internet|Cable]]: 38.75%
*** [[Fiber to the x|FTTx]]: 30.92%
*** [[xDSL]]: 25.52%
*** [[Wireless network|Wireless]]: 4.25%
*** Other: 0.56%
* [[Internet hosts]]: 1.1 million  (2012)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/serbia/|title=Serbia|date=January 30, 2023|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|via=CIA.gov}}</ref>
* [[Internet Service Provider]]s (ISPs): 214 (2016)
** Fixed internet service providers market share (2023):<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.ratel.rs/storage/upload/2024/09/7.%20USLUGE%20%C5%A0IROKOPOJASNOG%20PRISTUPA%20INTERNETU.pdf |title=Pregled tržišta elektronskih komunikacija i poštanskih usluga u 2023. godini |date=2024-07-16 |publisher=RATEL}}</ref>
*** [[Telekom Srbija]]: 55.77% 
*** [[Serbia Broadband|SBB]]: 28.41%
*** [[Yettel Serbia|Yettel]]: 4.53%
*** Sat-Trakt: 2.64%
*** Orion telekom: 2.51%
*** Astra telekom: 1.08%
*** Jotel: 0.75%
*** Beotelnet-ISP: 0.55%
*** Krajnalić komunikacije: 0.46%
*** Orion telekom tim: 0.36%
*** Other: 2.94%

==See also==
* [[Telekom Srbija]]
* [[Telenor Serbia|Telenor]]
* [[A1 Srbija|A1]]
* [[Serbia Broadband|SBB]]
* [[Pošta Srbije|PoštaNet]]
* [[Serbian Telecommunication Agency]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Telecommunications in Serbia}}
* [http://www.ratel.org.rs/home.136.html Serbian Telecommunication Agency (en)]
* [http://www.ratel.rs/upload/documents/Pregled_trzista/Pregled%20trzista_2016.pdf Telecommunications Market of Serbia for 2016] at ratel.rs {{in lang|sr}}
* EJC Media Landscapes, [http://ejc.net/media_landscapes/serbia#link_935 Serbia], #Telecommunications

{{Telecommunications}}
{{Telecommunications in Europe}}

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[[Category:Telecommunications in Serbia| ]]