Editing Terror of Mechagodzilla

{{short description|1975 film by Ishirō Honda}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2025}}
{{Infobox film
| name           = Terror of Mechagodzilla
| image          = Terror of MechaGodzilla 1975.jpg
| caption        = Theatrical release poster
| native_name    = {{Infobox Japanese| kanji=メカゴジラの逆襲| revhep=mekagojira no gyakushuu}}
| director       = [[Ishirō Honda]]
| producer       = [[Tomoyuki Tanaka]]<br />[[Henry G. Saperstein]]
| writer         = [[Yukiko Takayama]]
| starring       = [[Katsuhiko Sasaki]] <br> Tomoko Ai <br> [[Akihiko Hirata]] <br> [[Katsumasa Uchida]] <br> [[Gorō Mutsumi]] <br> Tadao Nakamaru<br />Toru Kawai
| music          = [[Akira Ifukube]]
| cinematography = Sokei Tomioka
| editing        = [[Yoshitami Kuroiwa]]
| studio         = [[Toho|Toho–Eizo]]
| distributor    = Toho
| released       = {{Film date|1975|3|15}}
| runtime        = 83 minutes
| language       = Japanese
| budget         = {{US$|1.2 million|long=no}}<ref name="Edelson">{{cite book |last1=Edelson |first1=Edward |title=Great animals of the movies |date=1980 |publisher=[[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] |page=85 |isbn=9780385147286 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EbwaAAAAMAAJ |quote=By the late 1970s, Godzilla films settled down to a comfortable formula. Toho was making two films a year. Each cost in the neighborhood of {{US$|1.2 million|long=no}} and could be counted on to earn about {{US$|20 million|long=no}}.}}</ref>
| gross          = ¥330 million {{small|(Japan{{nbsp}}rentals)}}<ref>[http://g-kingdom.la.coocan.jp/series/15.htm メカゴジラの逆襲]</ref><ref>[https://nendai-ryuukou.com/article/089.html 歴代ゴジラ映画作品一覧]</ref> <br> <{{US$|20 million|long=no}} {{small|(worldwide)}}<ref name="Edelson"/>
}}
{{Nihongo|'''''Terror of Mechagodzilla'''''|メカゴジラの逆襲|Mekagojira no Gyakushū|{{literal translation|Mechagodzilla's Counterattack}}}} is a 1975 Japanese [[Kaiju|''kaiju'' film]] directed by [[Ishirō Honda]], written by [[Yukiko Takayama]], and produced by [[Tomoyuki Tanaka]] and [[Henry G. Saperstein]], with special effects by [[Teruyoshi Nakano]]. Distributed by [[Toho]] and produced under their effects subsidiary Toho–Eizo, it is the 15th film in the [[Godzilla (franchise)|''Godzilla'' franchise]], serving as a direct sequel to the 1974 film ''[[Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla]]'' and the final entry of the franchise's [[Godzilla (franchise)#Shōwa era (1954–1975)|Shōwa era]] and the last to be directed by series co-creator [[Ishirō Honda]] before his death in 1993. The franchise would be rebooted nine years later with ''[[The Return of Godzilla]]'', beginning the franchise's [[Godzilla (franchise)#Heisei era (1984–1995)|Heisei era]].

''Terror of Mechagodzilla'' stars [[Katsuhiko Sasaki]], Tomoko Ai, [[Akihiko Hirata]], and [[Gorō Mutsumi]], and features [[Toru Kawai]], Kazunari Mori, and [[Tatsumi Nikamoto]] as the fictional monster characters [[Godzilla]], [[Mechagodzilla]] 2, and [[Titanosaurus (Godzilla)|Titanosaurus]], respectively. The film was released theatrically in Japan on March 15, 1975, to mostly positive reviews. It was released in the UK in June 1976 under the title '''''Monsters From an Unknown Planet'''''. It received a [[limited release]] in the United States in 1978 by Bob Conn Enterprises under the title '''''The Terror of Godzilla'''''. The film remains the least financially successful entry in the ''Godzilla'' franchise to this day.

==Plot==
Following [[Mechagodzilla]]'s and the Simeons' defeat by [[Godzilla (Showa)|Godzilla]] and [[Okinawa Prefecture|Okinawa]]n guardian monster King Caesar,{{efn|As depicted in ''[[Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla]]'' (1974).}} [[Interpol]] agents search for Mechagodzilla's remains at the bottom of the Okinawan Sea in the hopes of gathering information on the Simeons. Their [[submarine]] is attacked by a giant marine dinosaur they name Titanosaurus and the crew vanishes.

Interpol launches an investigation into the incident. With the help of [[marine biologist]] Akira Ichinose, they trace Titanosaurus to a reclusive mad scientist named Shinzô Mafune, who wants to destroy mankind. While the group visits Mafune's home, they meet his daughter, Katsura, who secretly underwent surgery and became a [[cyborg]] after she was injured during one of her father's experiments. Katsura claims her father is dead and that she burned his notes about Titanosaurus. Mafune is visited by Tsuda, an aide to the Simeon supreme leader Mugal, who is leading a project to rebuild Mechagodzilla into Mechagodzilla 2. Mugal offers the Simeons' services to Mafune so that their respective monsters can wipe out mankind. A control device for Mechagodzilla 2 is implanted into Katsura.

Ichinose falls in love with Katsura and unwittingly gives her Interpol's information on the Simeons, Mechagodzilla, and Titanosaurus. An impatient Mafune releases Titanosaurus on [[Yokosuka]] without the Simeons' permission. While Interpol discovers Titanosaurus is vulnerable to supersonic waves, Katsura destroys their supersonic wave oscillator. Godzilla arrives and easily defeats Titanosaurus, causing the latter to retreat.

When Ichinose visits Katsura, the Simeons capture him and unleash Mechagodzilla 2 and Titanosaurus on [[Tokyo]]. Interpol repairs their wave oscillator and the Japanese armed forces struggle to fend off the monsters. Godzilla arrives but is outmatched until Interpol distracts Titanosaurus with the repaired wave oscillator, allowing Godzilla to focus on Mechagodzilla 2. Interpol agents infiltrate the Simeons' hideout, rescue Ichinose, and kill Mafune and many of the Simeons. The remaining Simeons attempt to escape, but Godzilla shoots down their ships with atomic breath. The wounded Katsura shoots herself to disables Mechagodzilla 2's control device. Godzilla destroys Mechagodzilla 2, but Katsura dies in Ichinose's arms. With help from Interpol, Godzilla defeats Titanosaurus and returns to the ocean.

==Cast==
{{castlist|
*[[Katsuhiko Sasaki]] as Akira Ichinose
*Tomoko Ai as Katsura Mafune
*[[Akihiko Hirata]] as Dr. Shinzo Mafune
*[[Katsumasa Uchida]] as Jiro Murakoshi, Interpol Agent
*[[Gorō Mutsumi]] as Mugal, Black Hole Alien supreme leader. Mutsumi previously portrayed Kuronuma in the previous film.
*Toru Ibuki as Tsuda, Black Hole Alien lieutenant
*[[Kenji Sahara]] as Commander Segawa
*Tadao Nakamaru as Chief of Interpol Tagawa
*Akinori Umezu as Ken-chan
*[[Toru Kawai]] as [[Godzilla (Showa)|Godzilla]]{{sfn|Ryfle|1998|p=361}}
* Kazunari Mori as [[Mechagodzilla]] 2{{sfn|Ryfle|1998|p=361}}
*[[Tatsumi Nikamoto|Tatsumi Fuyamoto]] as Titanosaurus{{sfn|Ryfle|1998|p=361}}
}}

==Production==
===Development===
[[File:tomg shinto ceremony.jpg|thumb|A Shinto priest performs a purification ceremony prior to the start of filming]]
The original screenplay that [[Yukiko Takayama]] created after winning Toho's story contest for the next installment in the Godzilla series was picked by assistant producer Kenji Tokoro and was submitted for approval on July 1, 1974, less than four months after ''[[Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla]]'' was released.

The original concept is similar to the finished version of ''Terror of Mechagodzilla'', with many of the changes being budgetary in nature. The most obvious alteration is the removal of the two dinosaurs called the Titans, which merged to become Titanosaurus in the first draft. It was an interesting concept, although something that was also under-explained, considering the magnitude of such an occurrence of the creatures merging. Another noticeable change to the script is that of the final battle, which does not move to the countryside but instead would have reduced Tokyo to rubble during the ensuing conflict between the three monsters.

After her initial draft, Takayama submitted a revised version on October 14, 1974. This went through a third revision on December 4, and then yet another on December 28 of that same year before it was met with approval and filming began.

[[Jun Fukuda]] was initially offered the role of director for this installment but refused having finally had enough of the series. Before Ishiro Honda agreed to return rumours persist [[Yoshimitsu Banno]] was also asked to direct due to Tomoyuki Tanaka being pleased with his work on ''[[Prophecies of Nostradamus]].''<ref>The Big Book of Japanese Monster Movies: Showa Completion 1954-1989 | John LeMay p. 347</ref>

Director Ishiro Honda later lamented not having been able to work with the story's writer, Yukiko Takayama, on other films, enjoying that a "woman's perspective was especially fresh" for the genre.

Kensho Yamashita, who would later direct ''[[Godzilla vs. SpaceGodzilla]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=notcoming.com {{!}} Godzilla vs. SpaceGodzilla |url=http://www.notcoming.com/reviews/godzillavsspacegodzilla/ |access-date=2023-06-10 |website=www.notcoming.com}}</ref> was the chief assistant director on the project. He notes, though, that Honda never actually assigned any of the shooting to him, possibly because he was happy to be directing again after a long gap in his career and wanted to do the work himself.{{Citation needed|date=June 2023}}

===Nudity===
This film is one of two ''Godzilla'' films with brief nudity (the other being 1994's ''[[Godzilla vs. SpaceGodzilla]]'').<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Ltd |first1=Toho Co |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5wZSEAAAQBAJ&dq=Godzilla+nudity&pg=PA124 |title=Godzilla: The Official Guide to the King of the Monsters |last2=Skipper |first2=Graham |date=2022-09-15 |publisher=Welbeck Publishing Group |isbn=978-1-80279-000-9 |language=da}}</ref> The scene occurs when Katsura undergoes an operation to have Mechagodzilla 2's control device placed inside her body, at which point her breasts are exposed.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Goldweber |first=David Elroy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gfdYCAAAQBAJ&dq=Godzilla+nudity&pg=PT1700 |title=Claws & Saucers: Science Fiction, Horror, and Fantasy Film 1902-1982: A Complete Guide |date=2015-12-01 |publisher=Lulu Press, Inc |isbn=978-1-312-28803-4 |language=en}}</ref> While she was portrayed by a mannequin in the scene, the scene was cut when the film was released in the U.S., both from the theatrical and TV versions of the film, and was also missing from the UK theatrical version, though the scene was intact in the 1992 VHS release which used the ''Terror of Mechagodzilla'' title.

==English version==
[[Image:TerrorofGodzilla.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Bob Conn Enterprises' theatrical poster for the 1978 U.S. release of ''The Terror of Godzilla''. The images of the monsters come from a promotional still for ''[[Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla]]''.<ref>[http://www.scene-stealers.com/columns/overlooked-movie-monday/overlooked-movie-monday-godzilla-vs-mecha-godzilla-1974/ 1974's 'Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla' is One of the Best of the Series]</ref>]]

Toho titled its English version of the film ''Terror of Mechagodzilla'' and had it dubbed into English in Hong Kong. This “international version” has never seen wide release in the United States, but has been issued on VHS in the United Kingdom by PolyGram Video Ltd.<ref>[http://www.tohokingdom.com/articles/art_boxart_1950-1960.htm#sog2pack_polygram Son of Godzilla (1967) and Terror of Mechagodzilla (1975)]</ref> and on DVD in Taiwan by Power Multimedia.<ref>[http://www.digitalmonsterisland.com/terror_of_mg_tailent.html Digital Monster Island - Terror of MechaGodzilla (Power Multimedia / Tailent Video & Multimedia) DVD Review]{{dead link|date=May 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>

The film was given a North American theatrical release in March 1978 by independent distributor Bob Conn Enterprises under the title ''The Terror of Godzilla''. Just as Cinema Shares had done with the previous three ''Godzilla'' movies, Bob Conn Enterprises chose to utilize the Toho-commissioned English dub instead of hiring a new crew to re-dub the film. ''The Terror of Godzilla'' was heavily edited to obtain a "G" rating from the [[MPAA]]. Several scenes with violent content were entirely removed, disrupting the flow of the narrative.{{sfn|Ryfle|1998|pp=205-206}}

[[Henry G. Saperstein]], who sold the theatrical rights to Bob Conn Enterprises, also released the film to television in late 1978, this time under Toho's international title, ''Terror of Mechagodzilla''. Unlike ''The Terror of Godzilla'', the television version remained mostly uncut, with only the shot of Katsura's naked breasts excised. Saperstein's editors also added a 10-minute prologue that served as a brief history of Godzilla, with footage from Saperstein's English versions of ''[[Invasion of Astro-Monster]]'' and ''[[All Monsters Attack]]'' (the latter of which utilized stock footage from both ''[[Ebirah, Horror of the Deep]]'' and ''[[Son of Godzilla]]'').{{sfn|Ryfle|1998|pp=204}}

In the mid-1980s, the U.S. television version, ''Terror of Mechagodzilla'', was replaced by the theatrical edit, ''The Terror of Godzilla'', on television and home video. For some reason, the title was also changed to ''Terror of Mechagodzilla''.{{sfn|Ryfle|1998|pp=205}} The 1994 Paramount release of ''Terror of Mechagodzilla'' listed a running time of 89 minutes on the slipcase, implying that this release would be the longer version first shown on American TV. The actual video cassette featured the edited theatrical version.{{sfn|Kalat|1997|p=146}} In a 1995 interview with ''G-Fan'' magazine, Saperstein was surprised to hear about this mistake.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.historyvortex.org/SapersteinInterview.html|title = An Interview with Henry G. Saperstein &#124; the History Vortex|date = 28 March 2008}}</ref> In 1997 on [[Channel 4]] in the U.K., three Godzilla movies were shown back to back late at night, starting with ''[[Godzilla vs. Megalon]]'', ''[[Godzilla vs. Gigan]]'' and then ''Terror of Mechagodzilla''; all were dubbed versions. This showing was uncut, including the Katsura nudity scene, but it did not have the Western-made prologue.

In the mid-2000s, the television version showed up again on [[Monsters HD]], and in 2007, it made its home video debut as the U.S. version on the [[Classic Media]] DVD. Although the added prologue was originally framed for fullscreen television, it was cropped and shown in widescreen on the disc. The rest of the movie featured the audio from Saperstein's television version synced to the video from the Japanese version.<ref>[http://www.tohokingdom.com/dvd/tomg_cm08.html DVD: Terror of Mechagodzilla (Classic Media)]</ref>

The first article about the movie's storyline was published in [[Japanese Giants]] #4 [https://archive.org/details/japanese-giants-issue-4/page/n19/mode/2up] in 1977, edited and published by Bradford G. Boyle, and was written by Richard H. Campbell, creator of ''The Godzilla Fan News Letter'' (a.k.a. "The Gang").

==Reception==
===Critical response===
On American [[Rotten Tomatoes]], approval rating of 43% based on 7 reviews, with a [[average|rating average]] of 6/10."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/terror_of_mechagodzilla|title=Terror of Mechagodzilla (1975)|work=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]|publisher=[[Fandango Media|Fandango]]|access-date=19 September 2023}}</ref>

===Box office===
In Japan, the film sold 980,000 tickets.{{sfn|Kalat|1997|p=147}} Despite earning mixed, though generally positive reviews, it sold poorly; the film was the least-attended ''[[Godzilla]]'' film in Japan and also one of only two ''Godzilla'' films to sell less than 1 million tickets. The film's poor performance was part of a wider downturn in ticket sales for monster movies as a genre, and Toho put the production of monster movies on hold.{{sfn|Berra|2010|p=109}} However, Toho had no intention of permanently ending the ''Godzilla'' series, and intended for the pause to only be a temporary hiatus. Throughout the remainder of the 1970s, several treatments for new ''Godzilla'' films were proposed by various writers and producers. None of these films, however, were ultimately made.{{sfn|Ryfle|1998|pp=215-216}} It was not until 1984 and ''[[Godzilla (1954 film)|Godzilla]]'''s 30th anniversary that Toho would start production on [[The Return of Godzilla|a new Godzilla movie]].

===Home media===
The film has been released several times on DVD in the United States. The first release, by Simitar Entertainment, was on May 6, 1998, in a fullscreen version under the title ''The Terror of Godzilla''. The second release, by First Classic Media and distributed by Sony Music Entertainment, was on September 17, 2002. It was released both individually and as part of the ''Ultimate Godzilla DVD Collection'' box set, the latter being released on the same day.

It was then re-released by Second Classic Media, this time distributed by Genius Entertainment, on November 20, 2007, both individually and as part of the ''Godzilla Collection'' box set on April 29, 2008.

In 2019, both the Japanese version and the export English version were included in a Blu-ray box set released by the Criterion Collection, which included all 15 films from the franchise's [[Godzilla (franchise)#Shōwa era (1954–1975)|Shōwa era]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.polygon.com/2019/7/25/8930381/godzilla-criterion-collection-showa-era-films-release-date|title=Criterion reveals the collection's 1000th disc: the ultimate Godzilla set|last=Patches|first=Matt|date=July 25, 2019|website=[[Polygon (website)|Polygon]]|access-date=July 25, 2019|url-status=live|archive-date=December 17, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191217223541/https://www.polygon.com/2019/7/25/8930381/godzilla-criterion-collection-showa-era-films-release-date}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
;Notes
{{Reflist|30em}}
;Bibliography
* {{cite book |last=Berra |first=John |year=2010 |title=The Directory of World Films: Japan |publisher=Intellect Books |isbn=9781841503356 }}
* {{cite book |last=Kalat |first=David |year=1997 |title=A Critical History and Filmography of Toho's Godzilla Series |publisher=McFarland & Company |isbn=0786403004 }}
* {{cite book |title=Japan's Favorite Mon-Star: The Unauthorized Biography of the Big G |last=Ryfle |first=Steve |year=1998 |publisher=ECW Press |isbn=1550223488 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/japansfavoritemo0000ryfl }}
* {{cite book |last1=Ryfle|first1=Steve|last2=Godziszewski|first2=Ed|title=Ishiro Honda: A Life in Film, from Godzilla to Kurosawa|publisher=Wesleyan University Press|year=2017|isbn=9780819570871}}
* {{cite book |last=Tucker |first=Guy |date=1976 |title=Age of the Gods - A History of the Japanese Fantasy Film |publisher=Daikaiju Publishing}}

==External links==
{{wikiquote}}
* [http://www.godzillamovies.org/index/ Godzilla on the web (Japan)]
* {{IMDb title}}
* {{Rotten-tomatoes}}
* {{Jmdb title|1975|cy000660}}

{{Godzilla|state=expand}}
{{Ishirō Honda}}

[[Category:1975 films]]
[[Category:1970s Japanese-language films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Akira Ifukube]]
[[Category:Films directed by Ishirō Honda]]
[[Category:Films set in Okinawa Prefecture]]
[[Category:Films set in Shizuoka Prefecture]]
[[Category:Films set in Yokosuka]]
[[Category:Giant monster films]]
[[Category:Godzilla films]]
[[Category:Japanese science fiction films]]
[[Category:Japanese sequel films]]
[[Category:Kaiju films]]
[[Category:Mad scientist films]]
[[Category:1970s monster movies]]
[[Category:UPA films]]
[[Category:Toho films]]
[[Category:Mecha films]]
[[Category:Apes in popular culture]]
[[Category:Films about father–daughter relationships]]
[[Category:1970s Japanese films]]
[[Category:1975 science fiction films]]
[[Category:Japanese robot films]]
[[Category:Films about dinosaurs]]
[[Category:Films about cyborgs]]
[[Category:Films about alien invasions]]