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[[File:Pontevedra- tertulianos y marinos (24043539002).jpg|thumb|Tertulia]]{{Short description|Social gathering with literary or artistic overtones}} A '''''tertulia''''' ({{IPA|es|teɾˈtulja|lang}}, {{IPA|gl|teɾˈtuljɐ|lang}}; {{langx|pt|tertúlia}} {{IPA|pt|tɨɾˈtuliɐ|}}; {{langx|ca|tertúlia}} {{IPA|ca|təɾˈtuliə|}}) is a social gathering with literary or artistic overtones, especially in [[Iberian Peninsula|Iberia]] or in [[Spanish America]]. Tertulia also means an informal meeting of people to talk about current affairs, arts, etc. The word is originally [[Spanish language|Spanish]] (borrowed by [[Catalan language|Catalan]] and [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]), but it has only moderate currency in English, used mainly in describing Latin cultural contexts. Occasionally, a ''tertulia'' may also describe a television magazine or [[Talk show|chat show]] programme in a similar (albeit perhaps more sensationalist) format to its older counterpart. ==Format== A tertulia is rather similar to a [[salon (gathering)|salon]], but a typical tertulia in recent centuries has been a regularly scheduled event in a public place such as a bar, although some tertulias are held in more private spaces, such as someone's living room. Participants, known as ''contertulios'' or ''tertulianos'', may share their recent creations such as [[poetry]], [[short stories]], other writings, and even artwork or songs. Usually, but not always, the participants in a regularly scheduled tertulia are in some respects like-minded, with similar political or literary tastes.{{citation needed|date=December 2017}} ==Etymology== The ''[[Diccionario de la lengua española]]'' states that the etymology of the word "tertulia" is uncertain,{{sfn|DLE: tertulia}} though it may be derived from the name of the early [[Christian apologetics|Christian apologist]] [[Tertullian]].{{sfn|Etimología de Tertulia}} ==In Spanish America== Before 1810, at the ''tertulias'' held at the houses of society women in [[Buenos Aires]] ,such as [[Mercedes de Lasalde Riglos]], [[Mariquita Sánchez de Thompson]] and [[Flora Azcuénaga]], the discussions led up to the [[May Revolution]], the first stage in the struggle for Argentine independence from Spain.{{sfn|Ellas también hicieron el 25 de Mayo}} "Madame Riglos" could be seen as the chief lady of the Tory (conservative) faction in Buenos Aires. She was sparkling and familiar, although highly aristocratic.{{sfn|Galasso|1994|p=35}} Doña Melchora de Sarratea, queen of fashion and of the Buenos Aires salons, was so well aware of public and private affairs that she was held to be an enthusiastic supporter of Whig (liberal) principles.{{sfn|Galasso|1994|p=35}} Mariquita Sánchez de Thompson's forte was foreign relations.{{sfn|Galasso|1994|p=36}} Similar ''tertulias'' were being held during this period in [[Lima]], Peru, by women such as Manuela Rábago de Avellafuertes de Riglos and Narcisa Arias de Saavaedra.{{sfn|Davies|Brewster|Owen|2006|p=32}} {{ill|José Antonio Wilde|es}} (1813–1887) described Buenos Aires in the period immediately following independence. He wrote that it was a widespread custom among the more notable and well-to-do families, and also with many decent families, to hold ''tertulias'' at least once a week. Usually the guests danced only from 8:00 to 12:00 at night, in which case only [[Mate (drink)|mate]] was served, but if it went on later chocolate would be added. Dress was not elaborate, and dancing, music and conversation were the only entertainment, so the cost was low. A piano player might be hired, or the young people might play dance pieces, or some old and complacent aunt might play some [[contradanza]]. Even if it was old, the thing was to dance.{{sfn|Wilde|1908}} ==List== *{{ill|El Parnasillo|es}} *{{ill|Gambrinus (tertulia)|es}} *{{ill|Grupo do Leão|es|Grupo do Leão|pt}} *[[Tertulia de Creadores]] *[[Tertulia de Nava]] *{{ill|Tertulia de Pombo|es}} *{{ill|Tertulia de San Gregorio|es}} *{{ill|Tertulia de la Fonda de San Sebastián|es}} *{{ill|Tertulia del Niké|es}} *{{ill|Tertulia del Salón|es}} *{{ill|Tertulia Feminista Les Comadres|es}} ==See also== *{{ill|Café de tertulia|es}}: such as the [[Café de las Salesas]], the [[Café Gijón]], and the [[Café Comercial]], popular ''cafés de tertulia'' in Madrid *{{ill|Chingana|es}} *[[Pulqueria]] *[[Stammtisch]] *[[Tertullian]] *[[Viennese café]] ==References== {{reflist|30em}} ==Sources== {{refbegin}} *{{citation |last1=Davies|first1=Catherine|last2=Brewster|first2=Claire|last3=Owen|first3=Hilary|title=South American Independence: Gender, Politics, Text |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PtyD_4e8gVUC&pg=PA32|accessdate=2017-11-30|year=2006|publisher=Liverpool University Press|isbn=978-1-84631-027-0}} *{{citation|language=es|ref={{harvid|Ellas también hicieron el 25 de Mayo}} |title=Ellas también hicieron el 25 de Mayo|date=26 May 2008|work=Cartelera de Historia |url=https://carteleradehistoria2.wordpress.com/2011/05/26/ellas-tambien-hicieron-el-25-de-mayo/#more-3234|accessdate=2017-11-30}} *{{citation |url=http://etimologias.dechile.net/?tertulia|ref={{harvid|Etimología de Tertulia}} |title=Etimología de Tertulia |language=es |work=.dechile.net|accessdate=2017-12-02}} *{{citation |last=Galasso|first=Norberto|title=La Revolución de Mayo: el pueblo quiere saber de qué se trató|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nUrsuH8KuQ4C&pg=PA35 |accessdate=2017-11-30|year=1994|publisher=Ediciones Colihue SRL|language=es|isbn=978-950-581-798-6}} *{{citation |title=Buenos Aires desde setenta años atrás|chapter=XVI|language=es |last=Wilde |first=José Antonio|year=1908 |chapter-url=https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Buenos_Aires:_17|accessdate=2017-11-30}} *{{citation |url=https://dle.rae.es/tertulia |language=es |title=tertulia |accessdate=2023-12-14 |work=Diccionario de la lengua española |publisher=Royal Spanish Academy |ref={{harvid|DLE: tertulia}}}} {{refend}} ==External links== {{refbegin}} *{{citation|url=http://www.ucm.es/info/hcontemp/madrid/ocio.htm#LAS%20TERTULIAS%20DE%20LOS%20CAF%C9S:%20LITERATURA%20Y%20POL%CDTICA |title=El Madrid de 1900, espacios populares de Cultura y Ocio ("Madrid in 1900, popular spaces for culture and leisure")|language=es}} *{{citation|url=http://www.tertuliaandaluza.com |title=Tertulia Andaluza ("Tertulia Andaluza")|work=All about andalucia a forum to voice ideas in andalucia|language=es}} {{refend}} [[Category:Culture of Spain]] [[Category:Culture of Latin America]] [[Category:Spanish words and phrases]] [[Category:Meetings]]
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