Editing The Mirror Crack'd from Side to Side

{{short description|1962 Miss Marple novel by Agatha Christie}}
{{Use British English|date=November 2013}} {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}
{{Infobox book| <!-- See Wikipedia:WikiProject_Novels or Wikipedia:WikiProject_Books -->
| name         = The Mirror Crack'd from Side to Side
| title_orig   =
| translator   =
| image        = The Mirror Crack'd From Side to Side First Edition Cover 1962.jpg
| caption      = Dust-jacket illustration of the first UK edition
| author       = [[Agatha Christie]]
| country      = United Kingdom
| language     = English
| series       =
| genre        = [[Crime novel]]
| publisher    = [[Collins Crime Club]]
| release_date = 12 November 1962
| media_type   = Print (hardback & paperback)
| pages        = 256 (first edition, hardback)
| isbn         =
| preceded_by  = [[The Pale Horse]]
| followed_by  = [[The Clocks]]
}}

'''''The Mirror Crack'd from Side to Side''''', a novel by [[Agatha Christie]], was published in the UK in 1962<ref name="Richardson1962">{{cite news |last=Richardson |first=Maurice |author-link=Maurice Richardson |title=Review |newspaper=The Observer |date=11 November 1962 |page=24}}</ref><ref name="CC">{{cite book |last=Peers |first=Chris |last2=Spurrier |first2=Ralph |last3=Sturgeon |first3=Jamie |last4=Foord |first4=Peter |last5=Williams |first5=Richard |title=Collins Crime Club – A checklist of First Editions |publisher=Dragonby Press |edition=second |date=March 1999 |page=15 |isbn=978-1-871122-13-8}}</ref> and a year later in the US under the title '''''The Mirror Crack'd'''''.<ref name="US">{{cite web |last=Marcus |first=J S |title=American Tribute to Agatha Christie: The Golden Years: 1953–1967 |url=http://home.insightbb.com/~jsmarcum/agatha53.htm |date=May 2007 |access-date=31 July 2018}}</ref> The story features amateur detective [[Miss Marple]] solving a mystery in [[St Mary Mead]].

==Plot summary==
Jane Marple falls while walking in St. Mary Mead. She is helped by Heather Badcock, who brings her into her own home to rest. Over tea, Heather tells Miss Marple how she met American actress Marina Gregg, who recently moved into the area and bought Gossington Hall from Miss Marple's friend Dolly Bantry. 

Marina and her latest husband, film producer Jason Rudd, host a fête in honour of [[St John Ambulance (England)|St John Ambulance]]. Guests include Mrs Bantry, actress Lola Brewster, Marina's friend Ardwyck Fenn, and Heather with her husband Arthur. Heather corners Marina and launches into a long story about how they met years ago while Marina was visiting Bermuda, where Heather worked. Heather had been ill but was such a big fan of Marina that she left her sickbed to meet her favourite star and get her autograph. Mrs Bantry, standing nearby, notices a strange look cross Marina's face during Heather's monologue. A short while later, Heather collapses and dies.

When Mrs Bantry recounts the events to Miss Marple, she uses lines from the poem "The Lady of Shalott" (in which a curse falls upon the poem's heroine) to describe the look she observed on Marina's face. Detective Inspector Frank Cornish of the local police begins to investigate the case, learning that the drug had been in a [[daiquiri]] given to her by Marina after she spilt her drink. Cornish hands the case over to Chief Inspector Dermot Craddock of [[Scotland Yard]] when the latter is assigned to it in response to the county's request for assistance.

Craddock delves into the complicated past of the presumed target, Marina. Desperate to have a child, she had adopted three before giving birth to a mentally disabled son and suffering a nervous breakdown. One of the adopted children, Margot Bence, was at Gossington Hall on the day of the fête. Despite bad feelings towards her adoptive mother, she denies putting the drug into Marina's drink.

Two more people are killed during the investigation: Ella Zielinsky, Jason's social secretary, dies after the [[Nebulizer|atomizer]] she uses for her [[hay fever]] is [[Cyanide poisoning|poisoned with cyanide]]; and Giuseppe, Marina's butler, is shot that night after spending the day in London and depositing £500 into his bank account. Ardwyck Fenn tells Craddock he received a phone call days before, accusing him of killing Heather, and that he recognized the anonymous caller as Zielinsky when she sneezed. Meanwhile, Jason suspects Marina is being targeted for death; she has been receiving several threatening notes, and a cup of coffee served to her proves to contain [[arsenic]].

Miss Marple's cleaner, Cherry Baker, tells Miss Marple that her friend Gladys Dixon, who was a server at Gossington Hall on the day of the fête, believes Marina deliberately spilled Heather's drink and was going to meet Giuseppe before he died. After Gladys suddenly departs for a holiday in Bournemouth, Miss Marple travels to Gossington Hall to discover that Marina has died from an overdose.

Miss Marple talks to Jason and explains to him and DI Craddock how she has deduced that Marina must have been the murderer. Heather had been sick with [[Rubella|German measles]] when she sought Marina's autograph in Bermuda. Marina, in the early stages of pregnancy at the time, had contracted the disease, which led to her son being born disabled and her subsequent nervous breakdown. The look on Marina's face, observed by Mrs Bantry at the fete, was triggered by Marina looking at a picture of a Madonna and Child on the wall behind Heather and finally realizing what had happened. Overcome with emotion, Marina put the Calmo in her own daiquiri, jolted Heather's arm to make her spill her drink, and then gave Heather the drugged cocktail as a replacement. To cover her crime, Marina tried to convince everyone she had been the target of a murder attempt, writing the threatening notes herself and putting the arsenic into her coffee. She killed Ella and Giuseppe after they guessed her involvement and blackmailed her. Miss Marple had sent Gladys away to protect her from becoming Marina's next victim.

Miss Marple implies that she believes Jason administered Marina's overdose to prevent her from taking another life. He simply comments on his wife's beauty and the suffering she endured.

==Literary significance and reception==
Francis Iles ([[Anthony Berkeley Cox]]) was somewhat muted in his praise in his review in ''[[The Guardian]]'' of 7 December 1962 when he said, 
<blockquote>"she has of course thought up one more brilliant little peg on which to hang her plot, but the chief interest to me of ''The Mirror Crack'd from Side to Side'' was the shrewd exposition of what makes a female film star tick the way she does tick. And though one could accept a single coincidence concerning that married couple, the second and quite wildly improbable one tends to destroy faith in the story – still more so since it leads nowhere at all."<ref name=Iles1962>{{cite news |last=Iles |first=Frances |newspaper=The Guardian |date=7 December 1962 |page=9 |title=Review}}</ref></blockquote>

Maurice Richardson of ''[[The Observer]]'' of 11 November 1962 summed up, "A moderate Christie; bit diffuse and not so taut as some; still fairly easy to read, though."<ref name=Richardson1962/>

''[[Kirkus Reviews]]'' gave a short review noting Miss Marple's complaints about the limits imposed on her by getting old, yet nothing stops her mind from working well. The novel is summed up by this upbeat remark: "It was her prying curiosity - her gift of putting odd bits together to form a picture that gave the locals and Scotland Yard the proper solution. Long life to her."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/agatha-christie/the-mirror-crackd-from-side-to-side/ |title=The Mirror Crack'd from Side to Side, Review |publisher=Kirkus Reviews |orig-year=September 1, 1963 |date= September 20, 2011 |access-date=August 20, 2018}}</ref>

[[Robert Barnard]], writing in 1990, said this novel was "The last of the true English village mysteries in Christie's output, and one of the best of her later books. Film milieu superimposed on the familiar St Mary Mead background." He went on to remark that "Like most Marples this is not rich in clueing, but the changes in village life and class structure since the [[Second World War|war]] are detailed in a knowledgeable and fairly sympathetic way."<ref name=Barnard1990>{{cite book |last=Barnard |first=Robert |title=A Talent to Deceive – an appreciation of Agatha Christie |edition=Revised |pages=196–197 |publisher=Fontana Books |year=1990 |isbn=0-00-637474-3}}</ref>

The novel was on [[Anthony Boucher]]'s list for 1963 of Best Crime Fiction of the Year.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.librarything.com/bookaward/Anthony+Boucher%27s+Best+Crime+Fiction+of+the+Year |title=Book awards: Anthony Boucher's Best Crime Fiction of the Year, 1963 |publisher=Library Thing |access-date=August 20, 2018}}</ref> It was one among 14 listed in 1963.

==The novel's title==
The title comes from the poem ''[[The Lady of Shalott]]'' by [[Alfred, Lord Tennyson]].                   
:Out flew the web and floated wide-
:The mirror crack'd from side to side;
:"The curse is come upon me," cried 
:The Lady of Shalott.

==Characters==
* [[Miss Marple]]: an old lady in St Mary Mead who is recovering from an illness.
* Mrs Cherry Baker: Miss Marple's house cleaner.
* Jim Baker: Cherry's husband, who does odd jobs for Miss Marple.
* Miss Knight: Miss Marple's carer, sent by Marple's nephew [[Raymond West (character)|Raymond West]], to help during her recuperation.
* Dolly Bantry: Miss Marple's friend, present at the fête at Gossington Hall. She first appeared in the novel ''[[The Body in the Library]]''.
* Dr Haydock: Miss Marple's physician in St Mary Mead. He first appeared in ''[[Murder at the Vicarage]]''.
* Marina Gregg: a middle-aged film star, who married many times and recently settled in England with her husband to make a film together. Her mood swings from happy to upset, which her husband thinks is tied to her acting.
* Jason Rudd: Gregg's husband, a film director.
* Giuseppe: a butler at Gossington Hall.
* Dr Gilchrist: Gregg's physician, who lives at the Hall.
* Ella Zielinsky: Rudd's secretary.
* Gladys Dixon: a seamstress who works at the film studio's canteen.
* Heather Badcock: a volunteer for the St John Ambulance corps.
* Arthur Badcock: Heather's husband, who works in real estate. He was married to Gregg before she became a film star and later changed his name.
* Margot Bence: a portrait photographer at the fête. She was adopted by Gregg before Gregg became pregnant.
* Lola Brewster: an American actress who arrives unexpectedly at the party. She was married to one of Gregg's ex-husbands.
* Ardwyck Fenn: an American man who was once wildly in love with Marina Gregg.
* Dermot Craddock: Chief Inspector at Scotland Yard, sent to St Mary Mead to solve Badcock's murder. He is a godson of [[Sir Henry Clithering]], who is a close friend of Marple. Craddock often discusses the case with her. He was introduced in ''[[A Murder Is Announced]]''.
* William Tiddler: a sergeant assisting Craddock, who calls him "Tom" because he likes the [[alliteration]].
* Frank Cornish: a local police inspector.

==Developing the character of Marina Gregg==
''Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology'' emphasized that "Gregg" is the surname of the ophthalmologist who first described cataracts in congenital rubella syndrome, [[Norman Gregg]], and described this as "one of [Christie's] most subtle clues to identify the murderer".<ref>{{cite journal |last=Mackey |first=David A |title=2005 Gregg Lecture: Congenital cataract – from rubella to genetics |journal=Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology |volume=34 |issue=3 |pages=199–207 |year=2006 |pmid=16671898 |s2cid=26463542 |doi=10.1111/j.1442-9071.2006.01194.x}}</ref>

The official site of the Agatha Christie estate suggests that, in writing Gregg, Christie was "influenced" by the life of American actress [[Gene Tierney]].<ref>{{cite web |title=The Mirror Crack'd from Side to Side: Did you know? |url=https://www.agathachristie.com/stories/the-mirror-crackd-from-side-to-side |work=The Home of Agatha Christie |access-date=14 August 2018}}</ref><ref name="Tierney1978">{{cite book |last1=Tierney |first1=Gene |author1-link=Gene Tierney |last2=Herskowitz |first2=Mickey |year=1978 |publisher=Wyden Books |title=Self-Portrait |page=[https://archive.org/details/selfportrait00tier/page/101 101] |isbn=978-0-88326-152-1 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/selfportrait00tier/page/101}}</ref><ref name="Osborne2006">{{cite book |last=Osborne |first=Robert |year=2006 |publisher=Chronicle Books |title=Leading Ladies |page=195 |isbn=978-0-8118-5248-7}}</ref>

Tierney contracted [[German measles]] while pregnant with her first child, during her only appearance at the [[Hollywood Canteen]] in June 1943. The baby developed [[congenital rubella syndrome]] and was born prematurely, underweight and needing a total blood transfusion. Doctors told the parents on the day of the birth that the premature birth and the child's mental and physical disabilities were due to the mother contracting German measles in the first four months of the pregnancy; this was very hard news to absorb.<ref>{{cite book |last=Vogel |first=Michelle |title=Gene Tierney: A Biography |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WWkpARnQ3fcC&dq=early+news+about+daria+cassini&pg=PA236 |publisher=McFarland |year=2010 |pages=78–79 |isbn=978-0786458325}}</ref>

The deaf, partially blind and developmentally disabled child was later institutionalised in a [[psychiatric hospital]]. More than a year after that birth a woman asked Tierney for an autograph at a garden party.<ref name="Demaret1979">{{cite news |last=Demaret |first=Kent |title=Gene Tierney Began Her Trip Back from Madness on a Ledge 14 Floors Above the Street |url=http://people.com/archive/gene-tierney-began-her-trip-back-from-madness-on-a-ledge-14-floors-above-the-street-vol-11-no-18/ |magazine=People |date=7 May 1979 |access-date=January 18, 2017}}</ref> The woman said she had two years prior, while ill with German measles, skipped quarantine in order to visit the Hollywood Canteen and meet Tierney.<ref>{{cite web |title=Biography |url=http://www.cmgww.com/stars/tierney/about/bio.htm |url-status=dead |publisher=The Official Web Site of Gene Tierney |access-date=22 January 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207111220/http://www.cmgww.com/stars/tierney/about/bio.htm |archive-date=7 February 2012 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>

Tierney's story was publicised before the novel was written.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}} Tierney described the event in her autobiography 16 years after Christie wrote the novel.<ref name="Tierney1978" />

==Publication history==
* 1962, Collins Crime Club (London), 12 November 1962, hardback, 256 pp
* 1963, Dodd Mead and Company (New York), September 1963, hardback, 246 pp
* 1964, [[Pocket Books]] (New York), paperback
* 1965, Fontana Books (imprint of [[HarperCollins]]), paperback, 192 pp
* 1966, Ulverscroft [[large-print]] edition, hardcover, 255 pp
* 1974, [[Penguin Books]], paperback, 224 pp
* 2006, Marple facsimile edition (facsimile of 1962 UK first edition), 6 March 2006, hardcover, {{ISBN|0-00-720855-3}}
* 2011, [[William Morrow and Company]], trade paperback, 288 pp, {{ISBN|978-0-06-207367-9}}

The ''Star Weekly Novel'', a Toronto newspaper supplement, serialised the novel in two abridged instalments from 9 to 16 March 1963 under the title ''The Mirror Crack'd'' with each issue containing a cover illustration by Gerry Sevier.


==TV adaptations (by channel)==
===BBC===
A second adaptation of the novel was made by [[BBC]] television in 1992 as part of its series ''[[Miss Marple (TV series)|Miss Marple]]'' with the title role played by [[Joan Hickson]] (in her final performance as Jane Marple), and starring [[Claire Bloom]] as Marina Gregg and [[Glynis Barber]] as Lola Brewster. The only major changes are that Giuseppe is not killed, Arthur Badcock is not a former husband of Marina Gregg, Superintendent Slack and Sergeant Lake are written in, and the character of Hailey Preston is removed. The novel was the final adaptation for the BBC series ''Miss Marple''. [[Margaret Courtenay (actress)|Margaret Courtenay]] appears in this adaptation as Miss Knight, having previously portrayed Dolly Bantry in the 1980 feature film version.

===ITV===
[[ITV Studios]] and [[WGBH-TV|WGBH Boston]] produced another adaptation in 2010 for the ''[[Agatha Christie's Marple|Marple]]'' television series, starring [[Julia McKenzie]] as Miss Marple, with [[Joanna Lumley]] reprising her role as Dolly Bantry, [[Lindsay Duncan]] as Marina Gregg and [[Hannah Waddingham]] as Lola Brewster. Investigating the murder along with Miss Marple is Inspector Hewitt, played by [[Hugh Bonneville]]. This version, while ultimately faithful to Christie's original text, included a number of notable changes. Some of these changes were influenced by the changes that were made in the 1980 film adaptation:
* Ella's surname is changed from Zielinsky to Blunt. The reason for her murder is changed, mixing in elements from the 1980 film and the motive for Giuseppe's murder – Ella was attempting to blackmail the killer, but kept ringing the wrong people because she knew someone at the reception had done it, until she learned something that led her to phoning Marina and pointing out what she had done. Her love of Jason remains, but there is no affair.
* Giuseppe is omitted from the adaptation, and there is no reference to car-man Inch selling his business within it.
* Unlike the 1980 film adaptation, only one film is being shot in England, and that focuses on [[Nefertiti]].
* Lola Brewster is married to one of Marina's old husbands, Vincent Hogg (added in the adaptation). He is a journalist, who writes a couple of pieces regarding the murders and who does not have much love of Marina; she is an actress and had competed with Marina for the love of Jason, who married the latter, leaving Lola bitter about it. Both she and Vincent attend the reception and the filming of one of Marina's scenes.

===France 2 ===
The novel was adapted as a 2017 episode of the French television series ''[[Les Petits Meurtres d'Agatha Christie]]''.

===TV Asahi===
[[TV Asahi]] adapted the novel in 2018 starring [[Ikki Sawamura]] and [[Hitomi Kuroki]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://thetv.jp/news/detail/138537/p3/ |title=アガサ・クリスティ作品で黒木瞳がエリザベス・テイラーが演じていた役柄を熱演！|publisher=[[ザテレビジョン]] |date=24 February 2018 |access-date=13 November 2019 |language=ja }}</ref> with the title ''Two Nights Drama Special: Murder of the Great Actress – The Mirror Crack'd From Side to Side'' ({{langx|ja|アガサ・クリスティ 二夜連続ドラマスペシャル 大女優殺人事件～鏡は横にひび割れて～}})<ref>{{cite news|url= https://dogatch.jp/news/ex/52091/detail/ |title= 天海祐希、沢村一樹の主演でアガサ・クリスティの名作を二夜連続放送 |newspaper= テレビドガッチ |publisher= プレゼントキャスト |date=1 February 2018 |access-date=13 November 2019 |language=ja  }}</ref> as the second night, with the first night being ''[[4.50 from Paddington]]''. This drama changed the main role to a [[chief inspector]] from the [[Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department]] and merged Marple's character into his.<ref>{{cite interview |url=https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2108184/full/ |title=天海祐希×沢村一樹、『アガサ・クリスティ』の世界を語る |publisher=[[Oricon|ORICON NEWS]] |date=24 March 2018 |access-date=13 November 2019 |language=ja   }}</ref>
* Cast:
** [[Ikki Sawamura]] – Chief Inspector Ryuya Shokokuji, based on [[Jane Marple]] and Dermot Craddock
** [[Yoshiyoshi Arakawa]] – Inspector Banpei Tatara
** [[Erena Mizusawa]] – Inspector Fueko Misaki
** [[Hitomi Kuroki]] – Madoka Irodori, based on Marina Gregg
** Ikko Furuya – Akira Kaido, based on Jason Rudd
** [[Naomi Zaizen]] – Sagiri Asakaze, based on Lola Brewster
** [[Masahiko Tsugawa]] – Hiraomi Danbara, based on Ardwyck Fenn
** [[Mari Nishio]] – Shimeko Akada, based on Ella Zielinsky
** Tomoharu Hasegawa – Toshiro Inden, based on Giuseppe
** Ryuji Katagiri – Kansuke Aramaki, based on Dr Gilchrist
** [[Kami Hiraiwa]] – Rin Kannokoji, based on Heather Badcock
** [[Takeo Nakahara]] – Koki Kannokoji, based on Arthur Badcock
** [[Haruna Kawaguchi]] – Kosame Taniguchi, based on Margot Bence
** [[Hayato Isomura]] – Matsubushi Matsuda, based on Margot Bence and Gladys Dixon
** Narumi Fukuda – Hinata Hanakage, also based on Margot Bence
** Zuimaru Awashima – Sosuke Aiba, based on Donald McNeil

===SBS TV===
The novel was also adapted as part of the Korean television series ''[[Ms. Ma, Nemesis]]''.

==Adaptations to other media==

===English-language movie===
The novel was adapted for a 1980 feature film with [[Angela Lansbury]] in the role of Miss Marple. The film's co-stars were [[Elizabeth Taylor]] as Marina and [[Kim Novak]] as Lola Brewster, and the cast also included [[Rock Hudson]] and [[Tony Curtis]]. The film was released as ''[[The Mirror Crack'd]]'', the shortened US book title. The film changed a number of elements in the novel, including Marina's surname (she uses Rudd, not Gregg), her associates, removing the character of Giuseppe, adding death threats, amongst other modifications—which include shifting the setting to 1953, nine years before the book's publication.

===Bengali-language film===
Film director and screenwriter [[Rituparno Ghosh]] created a [[Bengali language]] version of Christie's story as ''[[Shubho Mahurat]]'', which reset the story in the film industry of [[Kolkata]]. In this version, [[Sharmila Tagore]] plays the ageing star Padmini, the counterpart to Christie's Marina Gregg. The 2003 movie features [[Rakhee Gulzar]] in the role of the equivalent of Miss Marple.

===BBC radio adaptation===
A radio adaptation was made by the BBC in 1998. [[June Whitfield]] played Miss Marple, and [[Gayle Hunnicutt]] Marina Gregg, in a 90-minute version by [[Michael Bakewell]].

===Stage===
It was adapted as a play by [[Rachel Wagstaff]] in 2019, premiering that year in a UK tour and revived for another UK tour in 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.unitedagents.co.uk/rachel-wagstaff|title=United Agents - Rachel Wagstaff}}</ref> Margot is omitted, with Marina only adopting two children, who turn out to be Lola and Cherry, whilst Marple saves Zielinsky, who is in love with Marina. Neither Zielinsky nor Giuseppe blackmail Marina - instead Marina convinces him to cut the cable of a stage light to make it appear that someone is trying to murder her, but then shoots him dead for refusing her orders to kill Cherry, who saw both the cable cutting and Marina deliberately spilling Heather's drink and told Zielensky, making her a murder target too.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090928003627/http://www.agathachristie.com/story-explorer/stories/the-mirror-crackd-from-side-to-side-1/ ''The Mirror Crack'd from Side to Side''] at the official Agatha Christie website
* [https://www.agathachristie.com/stories/the-mirror-crackd-from-side-to-side ''The Mirror Crack'd from Side to Side''] at the new Home of Agatha Christie website
* {{IMDb title|qid=Q2543979|title=The Mirror Crack'd (1980)}}
* {{IMDb title|qid=Q3228483|title=The Mirror Crack'd from Side to Side (1992)}}
* {{IMDb title|qid=Q17632680|title=Marple: The Mirror Crack'd from Side to Side (2010)}}

{{Miss Marple}}
{{Agatha Christie}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mirror Crack'd From Side To Side, The}}
[[Category:Miss Marple novels]]
[[Category:1962 British novels]]
[[Category:Novels about actors]]
[[Category:Collins Crime Club books]]
[[Category:Rubella]]
[[Category:British novels adapted into films]]
[[Category:British novels adapted into television shows]]
[[Category:Cultural depictions of Empress Elisabeth of Austria]]
[[Category:Fiction about poisonings]]