Editing Tim McCoy

{{Short description|American actor and television host (1891–1978)}}
{{for|the English footballer|Tim McCoy (footballer)}}
{{for|the 1972 murder victim|Murder of Timothy McCoy}}

{{more citations needed|date=February 2013}}
{{Use American English|date=September 2021}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2021}}
{{Infobox person
| name                     = Tim McCoy
| image                    = File:Tim McCoy 1934.jpg
| imagesize                =
| caption                  = McCoy in 1934
| birth_date               = {{Birth date|1891|04|10}}
| birth_place              = [[Saginaw, Michigan]], U.S.
| death_date               = {{Death date and age|1978|01|29|1891|04|10}}
| death_place              = [[Ft. Huachuca]], Arizona, U.S.
| occupation               = {{hlist|Actor|showman|television host}} 
| yearsactive              = 1925&ndash;1965
| spouse                   = {{marriage|[[Inga Arvad]]|1946|1973|end=died}}
| children = 5}}
[[File:MGM Westerns featuring Tim McCoy ad in Motion Picture News, 1926.jpg|thumb|Tim McCoy ad in Motion Picture News, 1926]]
'''Tim McCoy''' (April 10, 1891 – January 29, 1978) was an American actor, military officer, and expert on [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|American Indian]] life. McCoy is most noted for his roles in B-grade Western films. As a popular cowboy film star, he had his picture on the front of a [[List of athletes on Wheaties boxes|Wheaties cereal box]].

==Early years==
Tim McCoy was born in [[Saginaw, Michigan]], on April 10, 1891. His father was an Irish Union Civil War veteran and Police Chief.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Tim McCoy papers 1917-1987|url=https://rmoa.unm.edu/docviewer.php?docId=wyu-ah06415.xml|access-date=2021-06-22|website=rmoa.unm.edu|archive-date=June 29, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210629012044/https://rmoa.unm.edu/docviewer.php?docId=wyu-ah06415.xml|url-status=dead}}</ref> While attending [[St. Ignatius College Prep|St. Ignatius College]] (now [[Loyola University Chicago|Loyola University]]) McCoy saw a Wild West show that influenced him to purchase a one-way ticket west. He ended up in [[Lander, Wyoming]], where he worked as a ranch hand. While there, he became an expert horseman and roper while developing an extensive knowledge of the customs and languages of the local American Indian tribes.<ref name=":0"/> McCoy was a renowned expert in [[Plains Indian Sign Language|Indian sign language]] and was named "High Eagle" by the [[Arapaho]] tribe of the [[Wind River Indian Reservation|Wind River reservation]]. He also competed in numerous rodeos.{{Citation needed |date=August 2024}}

==Military career==
McCoy enlisted as a soldier in the [[United States Army|U.S. Army]] and served in the [[United States Cavalry|cavalry]] during [[World War I]] (although he did not serve in combat nor overseas).<ref name=":0" /><ref>McCoy, T. (1988). Tim McCoy Remembers the West. Bison Books. {{ISBN|0-8032-8155-2}}.</ref> He served again in [[World War II]] in Europe, rising to the rank of [[Colonel (United States)|colonel]] with the [[United States Army Air Corps|Army Air Corps]] and [[United States Army Air Forces|Army Air Forces]]. He also served as [[adjutant general]] of Wyoming between the wars with the [[Brevet (military)|brevet rank]] of [[brigadier general]]. At 28, he was one of the youngest brigadier generals in the history of the U.S. Army.<ref>{{Cite web |last=ahcadmin |date=2012-11-15 |title=Tim McCoy, Western Star |url=https://ahcwyo.org/2012/11/15/tim-mccoy-western-star/ |access-date=2024-11-20 |website=American Heritage Center (AHC) #AlwaysArchiving |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Acting career==
{{unreferenced section|date=August 2017}}

===Early career===
In 1922, [[David Townsend (art director)|David Townsend]], president of the Mountain Plains Enterprise Film Company, planned to build "Sunshine Studios" at McCoy's Owl Creek Dude ranch in order to shoot a film titled, "The Dude Wrangler," written by [[Caroline Lockhart]] but the project was abandoned.<ref>''Francis X. Bushman: A Biography and Filmography'', by Richard J. Maturi, Mary Buckingham Maturi McFarland, 1998</ref>
[[File:Portrait from Tim McCoy ad in Motion Picture News (weekly, July 3, 1926 to August 28, 1926) (page 464 crop) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Portrait from Tim McCoy ad in Motion Picture News, 1926]]
That same year, he was asked by the head of [[Famous Players–Lasky]], [[Jesse L. Lasky]], to provide American Indian extras for the Western extravaganza, ''[[The Covered Wagon]]'' (1923). He brought hundreds of Indians to the Utah location and served as a [[technical advisor]] on the film. After filming was completed, McCoy was asked to bring a much smaller group of Indians to Hollywood, for a stage presentation preceding each showing of the film.

McCoy's stage show was popular, running eight months in Hollywood and several more months in London and Paris. McCoy returned to his Wyoming ranch, but [[Irving Thalberg]] of [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer|MGM]] soon signed him to a contract to star in a series of outdoor adventures and McCoy rose to stardom. His first MGM feature was ''[[War Paint (1926 film)|War Paint]] ''(1926), featuring epic scenes of the Wind River Indians on horseback, staged by McCoy and director [[Woody Van Dyke]]. (Footage from ''|War Paint'' was reused in many low-budget Westerns, well into the 1950s.)

''War Paint'' set the tone for future McCoy Westerns, in that Indians were always portrayed sympathetically, and never as bloodthirsty savages. One notable McCoy feature for MGM was ''[[The Law of the Range]]'' (1928), in which he starred with [[Joan Crawford]].
[[File:Gun Code lobby card.jpg|thumb|McCoy on horse in ''Gun Code'', 1940]]
The coming of talking pictures, and the temporary inability to record sound outdoors, resulted in MGM terminating its Tim McCoy series and McCoy returning once more to his ranch. In 1929 he was summoned back to Hollywood personally by [[Carl Laemmle]] of [[Universal Pictures]], who insisted that McCoy star in the first talking Western serial, ''[[The Indians Are Coming]]''. The serial was very successful. Later, in 1932, McCoy starred in ''[[Two Fisted Law]]'' with [[John Wayne]] and [[Walter Brennan]].

McCoy worked steadily in movies until 1936, when he left Hollywood, first to tour with the [[Ringling Brothers Circus]] and then with his own "wild west" show. The show was not a success; it was reported to have lost $300,000, $100,000 of which was McCoy's own money. It folded in Washington, D.C., and the cowboy performers were each given $5 and McCoy's thanks. The Indians on the show were returned to their respective reservations by the Bureau of Indian Affairs.

McCoy was available for pictures again in 1938, and low-budget producers (including Maurice Conn and [[Sam Katzman]]) engaged him at his standard salary of $4,000 weekly, for eight films a year. In 1941 [[Buck Jones]] recruited McCoy to co-star in "The Rough Riders" series, alongside Jones and [[Raymond Hatton]]. The eight films, released by [[Monogram Pictures]], were very popular, and might have continued but McCoy declined to renew his contract, opting to pursue other interests.

===Interrupted by World War II===
In 1942, McCoy ran for the Republican nomination for the open U.S. Senate Seat from Wyoming. During that campaign, he established the first statewide radio hookup in Wyoming broadcasting history. He lost in the primary and within 48 hours volunteered for active duty with the U.S. Army.{{Citation needed |date=August 2024}} 

He had maintained his Army Reserve commission and was immediately accepted. McCoy spent the war in the U.S. Army and performed liaison work with the Army Air Forces in Europe, winning several decorations. He retired from the army, and reportedly never lived in Wyoming again. His Eagle's Nest ranch was sold. He retired from acting in films after the war, except for a few cameo appearances much later.{{Citation needed |date=August 2024}}

===Television host===
McCoy hosted a [[KTLA]] television show in Los Angeles in 1952, titled ''The Tim McCoy Show'', for children on weekday afternoons and Saturdays, in which he provided authentic history lessons on the [[Old West]] and showed his old Western movies. His co-host was the actor [[Iron Eyes Cody]] who, while of Italian lineage, played an American Indian both on and off screen. McCoy won a local Emmy but didn't attend to receive the award. He was competing against Webster Webfoot in the Best Children's Show category and refused to show up, saying "I'll be damned if I'm going to sit there and get beaten by a talking duck!"<ref>{{Cite book |last=Chunovic |first=Louis |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YngaAQAAIAAJ |title=Why Do People Love America? |date=2004 |publisher=Sanctuary |isbn=978-1-86074-614-7 |pages=184 |language=en}}</ref>

===Legacy===
For his contribution to the film industry, McCoy was honored with a star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Tim McCoy |url=https://walkoffame.com/tim-mccoy/ |website=Hollywood Walk of Fame |date=October 25, 2019 |access-date=August 23, 2024}}</ref> In 1973, he was inducted into the Hall of Great Western Performers of the [[National Cowboy and Western Heritage Museum]]. He was inducted into the [[Cowboy Hall of Fame]] in 1974.{{Citation needed |date=August 2024}} 

On January 16, 2010, McCoy was inducted into the Hot Springs County (Wyoming) Hall of Fame. Accepting the honor on his behalf was his son, Terry. Included in the 2010 class were Governor Dave Freudenthal of the State of Wyoming, Chief Justice of the Wyoming Supreme Court Bart Voigt, former Wyoming state treasurer Stan Smith, and local high school teacher Karl Allen.{{Citation needed |date=August 2024}}

==Personal life==
McCoy married [[Inga Arvad]] in 1947.<ref>McCoy, T. (1988). ''Tim McCoy Remembers the West'', p. 260</ref> They had two sons, Ronnie and Terry. McCoy was married to Arvad until her death from cancer in 1973. Arvad was a journalist from Denmark, investigated by the FBI in the early 1940s due to rumors that she was a [[Nazi]] spy. There were photographs of Arvad as a guest of  [[Adolf Hitler]] at the 1936 Olympics, and she had twice interviewed him. This investigation included the wiretapping of Arvad during a brief affair with [[John F. Kennedy]] in late 1941 and 1942 when Kennedy was serving in the U.S. Navy. No evidence of spying against Arvad was ever found.<ref>Matthews, Chris (2011). ''Jack Kennedy'', pp. 44, 45</ref><ref>Hersh, Seymour (1997), ''[[The Dark Side of Camelot]]'', p. 83</ref>

==Later years==
In 1976, he was interviewed at length by author James Horwitz for the cowboy memoir ''They Went Thataway.'' McCoy's final, posthumous, appearance was in ''[[Hollywood (1980 TV series)|Hollywood]]'' (1980), [[Kevin Brownlow]]-[[David Gill (film historian)|David Gill]]'s television history of silent films.

McCoy died on January 29, 1978, at the Raymond W. Bliss Army Medical Center of [[Ft. Huachuca]] in Sierra Vista, Arizona.<ref name=NCN1978>{{Cite news |date=January 31, 1978 |agency=UPI |title=Movie star Tim McCoy dies of heart ailment |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/914045/tim_mccoy/ |newspaper=[[New Castle News]] |location=New Castle, Pennsylvania |access-date=February 16, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190217025307/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/914045/tim_mccoy/ |archive-date=February 17, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> He was cremated and his ashes returned to his Nogales home. Nine years later his remains, and those of his wife, Inga, who had died in 1973, were returned to his birthplace at Saginaw, Michigan, for burial in the Mount Olivet Cemetery next to his family's plot.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Wilson |first=Scott |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FOHgDAAAQBAJ&q=%22McCoy,%20Tim%22 |title=Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14,000 Famous Persons, 3d ed. |date=2016-08-19 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-1-4766-2599-7 |pages=496 |language=en}}</ref>

==Filmography==
{{multiple image
<!-- Essential parameters -->
| align     = right
| direction = vertical
| width     = 220
<!-- Image 1 -->
| image1    =Fighting-Fool-1932-Poster.jpg
| alt1     =
| caption1 =Poster for ''[[The Fighting Fool]]'' (1932)
<!-- Image 2 -->
| image2    =Daring Danger lobby card.jpg
| alt2     =
| caption2 =Lobby card for ''[[Daring Danger (1932 film)|Daring Danger]]'' (1932)
<!-- Image 3 -->
| image3    =Texas-Cyclone-1932-Poster.jpg
| alt3     =
| caption3 =Poster for ''[[Texas Cyclone (film)|Texas Cyclone]]'' (1932)
<!-- Image 4 -->
| image4    =Bulldog-Courage-1935-Poster.jpg
| alt4     =
| caption4 =Poster for ''[[Bulldog Courage (1935 film)|Bulldog Courage]]'' (1935)
}}
{| class="wikitable"
! Year !! Title !! Role !! Notes
|-
| rowspan="1" | 1925 || ''[[The Thundering Herd (1925 film)|The Thundering Herd]]'' || Burn Hudnall || 
|-
| rowspan="1" | 1926 || ''[[War Paint (1926 film)|War Paint]]'' || Lt. Tim Marshall || 
|-
| rowspan="5" | 1927 || ''[[Winners of the Wilderness]]'' || Col. O'Hara || 
|-
| ''[[California (1927 film)|California]]'' || Capt. Archibald Gillespie || 
|-
| ''[[The Frontiersman]]'' || John Dale ||
|-
| ''[[Foreign Devils (1927 film)|Foreign Devils]]'' || Capt. Robert Kelly ||
|-
| ''[[Spoilers of the West]]'' || Lt. Lang ||
|-
| rowspan="6" | 1928 || ''[[The Law of the Range]]'' || Jim Lockhart || 
|-
| ''[[Wyoming (1928 film)|Wyoming]]'' || Lt. Jack Colton ||
|-
| ''[[Riders of the Dark]]'' || Lt. Crane ||
|-
| ''[[The Adventurer (1928 film)|The Adventurer]]'' || Jim McClellan ||
|-
| ''[[Beyond the Sierras]]'' || The Masked Stranger ||
|-
| ''[[The Bushranger (1928 film)|The Bushranger]]'' || Edward ||
|-
| rowspan="4" | 1929 || ''[[Morgan's Last Raid]]'' || Capt. Daniel Clairbourne ||
|-
| ''[[The Overland Telegraph]]'' || Capt. Allen ||
|-
| ''[[Sioux Blood]]'' || Flood ||
|-
| ''[[The Desert Rider]]'' || Jed Tyler ||
|-
| rowspan="1" | 1930 || ''[[The Indians Are Coming]]'' || Jack Manning || 12 chapter serial
|-
| rowspan="4" | 1931 || ''[[Heroes of the Flames]]'' || Bob Darrow || 12 chapter serial
|-
| ''[[The One Way Trail]]'' || Tim Allen ||
|-
| ''[[Shotgun Pass]]'' || Tim Walker ||
|-
| ''[[The Fighting Marshal]]'' || Tim Benton ||
|-
| rowspan="9" | 1932 || ''[[The Fighting Fool]]'' || Sheriff Tim Collins ||
|-
| ''[[Texas Cyclone (film)|Texas Cyclone]]'' || 'Texas' Grant (Jim Rawlings)|| co-starred John Wayne
|-
| ''[[The Riding Tornado]]'' || Tim Torrant ||
|-
| ''[[Two-Fisted Law]]'' || Tim Clark || co-starred John Wayne
|-
| ''[[Daring Danger (1932 film)|Daring Danger]]'' || Tim Madigan ||
|-
| ''[[Cornered (1932 film)|Cornered]]'' || Sheriff Tim Laramie ||
|-
| ''[[Fighting for Justice]]'' || Tim Keene ||
|-
| ''[[The Western Code]]'' || Tim Barrett ||
|-
| ''[[End of the Trail (1932 film)|End of the Trail]]'' || Captain Tim Travers ||
|-
| rowspan="7" | 1933 || ''Man of Action'' || Tim Barlow ||
|-
| ''[[Silent Men]]'' || Tim Richards ||
|-
| ''[[The Whirlwind (1933 film)|The Whirlwind]]'' || Tim Reynolds ||
|-
| ''[[Rusty Rides Alone]]'' || Tim 'Rusty' Burke ||
|-
| ''[[Police Car 17]]'' || Tim Conlon ||
|-
| ''[[Hold the Press]]'' || Tim Collins ||
|-
| ''[[Straightaway (film)|Straightaway]]'' || Tim Dawson ||
|-
| rowspan="7" | 1934 || ''[[Speed Wings]]'' || Tim ||
|-
| ''[[Voice in the Night (film)|Voice in the Night]]'' || Tim Dale ||
|-
| ''[[Hell Bent for Love]]'' || Police Captain Tim Daley ||
|-
| ''[[A Man's Game]]'' || Tim Bradley ||
|-
| ''[[Beyond the Law (1934 film)|Beyond the Law]]'' || Tim Weston ||
|-
| ''[[The Prescott Kid]]'' || Tim Hamlin ||
|-
| ''[[The Westerner (1934 film)|The Westerner]]'' || Tim Addison ||
|-
| rowspan="9" | 1935 || ''[[Square Shooter]]'' || Tim Baxter ||
|-
| ''[[Law Beyond the Range]]'' || Tim McDonald ||
|-
| ''[[The Revenge Rider]]'' || Tim O'Neil ||
|-
| ''[[Fighting Shadows]]'' || Constable Tim O'Hara ||
|-
| ''[[Justice of the Range]]'' || Tim Condon ||
|-
| ''[[The Outlaw Deputy]]'' || Tim Mallory ||
|-
| ''[[Riding Wild (1935 film)|Riding Wild]]'' || Tim Malloy / Tex Ravelle ||
|-
| ''[[The Man from Guntown]]'' || Tim Hanlon ||
|-
| ''[[Bulldog Courage (1935 film)|Bulldog Courage]]'' || Slim Braddock / Tim Braddock ||
|-
| rowspan="7" | 1936 || ''[[Roarin' Guns]]'' || Tim Corwin ||
|-
| ''[[Border Caballero]]'' || Tim Ross ||
|-
| ''[[Lightnin' Bill Carson]]'' || U. S. Marshal 'Lightnin' Bill Carson ||
|-
| ''[[Aces and Eights (1936 film)|Aces and Eights]]'' || 'Gentleman' Tim Madigan ||
|-
|  ''[[The Lion's Den (1936 film)|The Lion's Den]]''  || Tim Barton ||
|-
| ''[[Ghost Patrol]]'' || Tim Caverly ||
|-
| ''[[The Traitor (1936 American film)|The Traitor]]'' || Sergeant Tim Vallance, Texas Rangers ||
|-
| rowspan="6" | 1938 || ''[[West of Rainbow's End]]'' || Tim Hart ||
|-
| ''[[Code of the Rangers]]'' || Tim Strong ||
|-
| ''[[Two Gun Justice]]'' || Tim ||
|-
| ''[[Phantom Ranger (1938 film)|Phantom Ranger]]'' || Tim Hayes ||
|-
| ''[[Lightning Carson Rides Again]]'' || 'Lightning Bill' Carson, posing as Jose || as Colonel Tim McCoy
|-
| ''[[Six-Gun Trail]]'' || Captain William 'Lightning Bill' Carson ||
|-
| rowspan="6" | 1939 || ''[[Code of the Cactus]]'' || 'Lightning' Bill Carson posing as Miguel ||
|-
| ''[[Texas Wildcats]]'' || 'Lightning' Bill Carson ||
|-
| ''[[Outlaws' Paradise]]'' || Captain William 'Lightning Bill' Carson / Trigger Mallory ||
|-
| ''[[Straight Shooter (1939 film)|Straight Shooter]]'' || 'Lightning' Bill Carson / Sam Brown ||
|-
| ''[[The Fighting Renegade]]'' || Lightning Bill Carson aka El Puma ||
|-
| ''[[Trigger Fingers (1939 film)|Trigger Fingers]]'' || 'Lightning' Bill Carson ||
|-
| rowspan="5" | 1940  || ''[[Texas Renegades (film)|Texas Renegades]]'' || Silent Tim Smith ||
|-
| ''[[Frontier Crusader]]'' || 'Trigger' Tim Rand ||
|-
| ''[[Gun Code]]'' || Marshal Tim Hammond, alias Tim Hays ||
|-
| ''[[Arizona Gang Busters]]'' || 'Trigger' Tim Rand ||
|-
| ''[[Riders of Black Mountain]]'' || Marshal Tim Donovan ||
|-
| rowspan="5" | 1941 || ''[[Outlaws of the Rio Grande]]'' || Marshal Tim Barton ||
|-
| ''[[The Texas Marshal]]'' || Marshal 'Trigger Tim' Rand ||
|-
| ''[[Arizona Bound (1941 film)|Arizona Bound]]'' || Marshal Tim McCall, posing as 'Parson" McCall ||
|-
| ''[[The Gunman from Bodie]]'' || Marshal McCall ||
|-
| ''[[Forbidden Trails]]'' || Marshal Tim McCall, posing as Ace Porter ||
|-
| rowspan="5" | 1942 || ''[[Below the Border]]'' || Marshal Tim McCall ||
|-
| ''[[Ghost Town Law]]'' || Marshal Tim McCall ||
|-
| ''[[Down Texas Way]]'' || U. S. Marshal Tim McCall ||
|-
| ''[[Riders of the West]]'' || Marshal Tim McCall ||
|-
| ''[[West of the Law]]'' || Marshal Tim McCall ||
|-
| rowspan="1" | 1952 || ''The Tim McCoy Show'' (TV) || Himself ||
|-
| rowspan="1" | 1956 || ''[[Around the World in 80 Days (1956 film)|Around the World in 80 Days]]'' || Colonel, U.S. Cavalry || as Col. Tim McCoy
|-
| rowspan="1" | 1957 || ''[[Run of the Arrow]]'' || Gen. Allen || as Colonel Tim McCoy
|-
| rowspan="1" | 1965 || ''[[Requiem for a Gunfighter]]'' || Judge Irving Short || (final film role)
|}

==References==
;Notes
{{Reflist|2}}

;Bibliography
* ''Tim McCoy Remembers the West: An Autobiography'' by Tim McCoy and Ronald McCoy (1977)

Hardback: 
: {{ISBN|0-385-12798-7}}
: {{ISBN|978-0-385-12798-1}}

Paperback: 
: {{ISBN|978-0-8032-8155-4}}
* [http://rack1.ul.cs.cmu.edu/is/mccoy/doc.scn?fr=0&rp=http://rack1.ul.cs.cmu.edu/is/mccoy/&pg=1 ''Tim McCoy on the Tomahawk Trail'' by Gaylord Du Bois. Big Little Book, Whitman, 1937.]{{Dead link|date=June 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }} Western novel about Tim McCoy (full text).
* ''Tim McCoy—A Wyoming Poet''. RoundTop Records, LLC., Thermopolis, Wyoming

Paperback:
:  {{ISBN|978-0-9796970-0-5}}

==DVD==
* ''Col. Tim McCoy's The Silent Language of the Plains!'' RoundTop Records, LLC. Thermopolis, Wyoming
:  {{ISBN|978-0-9796970-1-2}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Tim McCoy}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Tim McCoy |sopt=t}}
*[https://archiveswest.orbiscascade.org/ark:/80444/xv295500/op=fstyle.aspx?t=k&q=tim+mccoy Tim McCoy Papers] at the [[American Heritage Center]]
*[https://ahcwyo.org/2012/11/15/tim-mccoy-western-star/ Tim McCoy, Western Star] at [https://ahcwyo.org AHC blogs]
* {{IMDb name|0003706}}
* {{IMDb title|0128008|The Tim McCoy Show}}
* [http://www.virtual-history.com/movie/person/16111/tim-mccoy Tim McCoy] at Virtual History

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:McCoy, Tim}}
[[Category:1891 births]]
[[Category:1978 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century American male actors]]
[[Category:Actors from Santa Cruz County, Arizona]]
[[Category:American male film actors]]
[[Category:American male silent film actors]]
[[Category:American people of Irish descent]]
[[Category:Columbia Pictures contract players]]
[[Category:Loyola University Chicago alumni]]
[[Category:Male actors from Michigan]]
[[Category:Male Western (genre) film actors]]
[[Category:Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer contract players]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Michigan]]
[[Category:People from Saginaw, Michigan]]
[[Category:United States Army Air Forces officers]]
[[Category:United States Army Air Forces personnel of World War II]]
[[Category:United States Army personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:United States Army reservists]]
[[Category:United States Army soldiers]]