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Timeline of architecture
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{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] --> {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}} <!-- Please DO NOT ADD anything to this list until AFTER it has been added to the relevant year in architecture itself. --> This is a '''timeline of architecture''', indexing the individual year in architecture pages. Notable events in [[architecture]] and related disciplines including [[structural engineering]], [[landscape architecture]], and [[city planning]]. One significant architectural achievement is listed for each year. <!-- Header Box --> {| class="toccolours" align="center" cellpadding="1" style="clear: both; margin:1em auto; width:99%;" |'''Contents''' || Summary of events in architecture β by year |- |align="left" |21st Century: || [[#2000s|2000s]] β [[#2010s|2010s]] β [[#2020s|2020s]] |- |align="left" |20th Century: || [[#1900s|1900s]] β [[#1910s|1910s]] β [[#1920s|1920s]] β [[#1930s|1930s]] β [[#1940s|1940s]] β [[#1950s|1950s]] β [[#1960s|1960s]] β [[#1970s|1970s]] β [[#1980s|1980s]] β [[#1990s|1990s]] |- |align="left" |19th Century: || [[#1800s|1800s]] β [[#1810s|1810s]] β [[#1820s|1820s]] β [[#1830s|1830s]] β [[#1840s|1840s]] β [[#1850s|1850s]] β [[#1860s|1860s]] β [[#1870s|1870s]] β [[#1880s|1880s]] β [[#1890s|1890s]] |- |align="left" |18th Century: || [[#1700s|1700s]] β [[#1710s|1710s]] β [[#1720s|1720s]] β [[#1730s|1730s]] β [[#1740s|1740s]] β [[#1750s|1750s]] β [[#1760s|1760s]] β [[#1770s|1770s]] β [[#1780s|1780s]] β [[#1790s|1790s]] |- |align="left" |Pre-18th Century: || [[#11th century|1000s]] β [[#12th century|1100s]] β [[#13th century|1200s]] β [[#14th century|1300s]] β [[#15th century|1400s]] β [[#16th century|1500s]] β [[#17th century|1600s]] |- | || [[#Neolithic|Neolithic]] β [[#3rd millennium BC|3rd millennium BC]] β [[#2nd millennium BC|2nd millennium BC]] β [[#1st millennium BC|1st millennium BC]] β [[#1st millennium AD|1st millennium AD]] |}<!-- End Box --> __NOTOC__ Articles for each year (in bold text, below) are summarized here with a significant event as a reference point. ==2020s== *'''[[2026 in architecture|2026]]''' β The [[Sagrada FamΓlia]] is expected to be finished. *'''[[2024 in architecture|2024]]''' β The [[Arch of Reunification]] in North Korea is demolished. *'''[[2022 in architecture|2022]]''' β [[1915 Γanakkale Bridge]] in [[Turkey]], the [[List of longest suspension bridge spans|longest suspension bridge in the world]], is completed. *'''[[2021 in architecture|2021]]''' β [[Central Park Tower]] in [[New York City]], the [[List of tallest residential buildings|tallest residential building in the world]], is completed. *'''[[2020 in architecture|2020]]''' β [[Torres Obispado]] in [[Monterrey]], [[Mexico]] the tallest skyscraper in [[Latin America]], completed. ==2010s== *'''[[2019 in architecture|2019]]''' β [[Notre-Dame fire]] *'''[[2017 in architecture|2017]]''' β [[Apple Inc.|Apple]]'s new headquarters [[Apple Park]], designed by [[Norman Foster]], opened in [[Cupertino, California]]. *'''[[2016 in architecture|2016]]''' β [[MahaNakhon]] opens in [[Bangkok]], [[Zaha Hadid]] dies. *'''[[2015 in architecture|2015]]''' β [[Shanghai Tower]] in [[Shanghai]], the [[List of tallest buildings in China|tallest building in China]] and [[list of tallest buildings|the second-tallest building in the world]], gets completed, [[Charles Correa]] dies. *'''[[2014 in architecture|2014]]''' β [[One World Trade Center]] opens in [[New York City]]. *'''[[2013 in architecture|2013]]''' β [[Gran Torre Santiago]] is completed in [[Santiago]]. *'''[[2012 in architecture|2012]]''' β The [[Tokyo Skytree]] opens in [[Tokyo]], The [[Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park]] is open in [[London]] for the [[2012 Summer Olympics]], [[Oscar Niemeyer]] dies. *'''[[2011 in architecture|2011]]''' β [[Al Hamra Tower]], the tallest skyscraper in [[Kuwait]], is completed. *'''[[2010 in architecture|2010]]''' β [[Burj Khalifa]] became the [[List of tallest buildings and structures|tallest man-made structure]] in the world, at {{Convert|828|m|ft}}. ==2000s== *'''[[2009 in architecture|2009]]''' β [[CityCenter]] opens on the [[Las Vegas Strip]] in [[Paradise, Nevada]]. This project is the largest privately funded construction project in the history of the United States. *'''[[2008 in architecture|2008]]''' β "[[Beijing National Aquatics Center|Water Cube]]", "[[Beijing National Stadium|Bird's Nest]]", [[Beijing South railway station|South railway station]], and other buildings in [[Beijing]], completed for the [[2008 Summer Olympics]]. *'''[[2007 in architecture|2007]]''' β Tarald Lundevall completes the [[Oslo Opera House]] in Oslo, Norway. *'''[[2006 in architecture|2006]]''' β Construction begins on the [[One World Trade Center|Freedom Tower]], on the site of the former [[World Trade Center (1973β2001)|World Trade Center]]. *'''[[2005 in architecture|2005]]''' β [[Casa da MΓΊsica]] opens in [[Porto, Portugal]], designed by the [[:Category:Dutch architects|Dutch architect]] [[Rem Koolhaas]] with [[Office for Metropolitan Architecture]]. *'''[[2004 in architecture|2004]]''' β [[30 St Mary Axe]] (also known as "''the [[Gherkin]]''" and the Swiss Re Building), designed by [[Norman Foster (architect)|Norman Foster]], completed in the [[City of London]]. *'''[[2003 in architecture|2003]]''' β [[Taipei 101]], designed by [[C.Y. Lee & Partners]] [[List of tallest buildings|the world's tallest building from 2004 to 2010]] is [[Topping out|topped out]]. *'''[[2002 in architecture|2002]]''' β [[List of MIT undergraduate dormitories#Simmons Hall|Simmons Hall]] dormitory, designed by architect [[Steven Holl]], completed at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]]. *'''[[2001 in architecture|2001]]''' β [[Jewish Museum Berlin]] designed by [[Daniel Libeskind]] opens to the public. *'''[[2000 in architecture|2000]]''' β The [[Emirates Towers]] are both completed in [[Dubai]], The [[London Eye]] is open in [[London]]. ==1990s== *'''[[1999 in architecture|1999]]''' β [[Jewish Museum Berlin]], designed by [[Daniel Libeskind]] is completed. *'''[[1998 in architecture|1998]]''' β [[Petronas Twin Towers]], [[Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia]], designed by [[CΓ©sar Pelli]] completed (world tallest building 1998β2004). [[Kiasma]] Museum of Contemporary Art by [[Steven Holl]] opens to public. *'''[[1997 in architecture|1997]]''' β [[Guggenheim Museum Bilbao]] designed by [[Frank Gehry]]. [[Sky Tower (Auckland)]] completed. *'''[[1996 in architecture|1996]]''' β [[Oscar Niemeyer]] completes the [[NiterΓ³i Contemporary Art Museum]] in Brazil. *'''[[1996 in architecture|1996]]''' β [[Aronoff Center for Design and Art]], [[University of Cincinnati]] completed by [[Peter Eisenman]]. *'''[[1995 in architecture|1995]]''' β [[Steven Holl|Steven Holl Architects]] begin construction of St. Ignatius Chapel at [[Seattle University]]. *'''[[1994 in architecture|1994]]''' β Building of the [[Basel]] Signal Box by [[Herzog and de Meuron]] *'''[[1993 in architecture|1993]]''' β The [[Umeda Sky Building]] in [[Osaka]] City, Japan is completed. *'''[[1992 in architecture|1992]]''' β The [[Bank of America Corporate Center]] in [[Charlotte, North Carolina]] is completed. *'''[[1991 in architecture|1991]]''' β [[Stansted Airport]] terminal building in [[Essex]], England, designed by [[Norman Foster, Baron Foster of Thames Bank|Norman Foster]], is completed. *'''[[1990 in architecture|1990]]''' β [[Frederick Weisman Museum of Art]], [[University of Minnesota]] completed by [[Frank Gehry]]. ==1980s== *'''[[1989 in architecture|1989]]''' β [[I. M. Pei]]'s pyramid addition to the [[Louvre]] is opened. *'''[[1988 in architecture|1988]]''' β [[Museum of Modern Art|MOMA]] Exhibition called [[Deconstructivism|Deconstructivist architecture]] opens. *'''[[1987 in architecture|1987]]''' β The [[Riga Radio and TV Tower|Riga Radio & TV Tower]] in [[Riga]], Latvia is completed. *'''[[1986 in architecture|1986]]''' β The [[Lloyd's Building]] in London, designed by [[Richard Rogers]], is completed. *'''[[1985 in architecture|1985]]''' β The [[HSBC Building (Hong Kong)|HSBC Headquarters Building]] in [[Hong Kong]], China by [[Norman Foster (architect)|Norman Foster]], is completed. *'''[[1984 in architecture|1984]]''' β [[Philip Johnson]]'s [[Sony Building (New York)|AT&T Building]] opens in New York City *'''[[1983 in architecture|1983]]''' β [[Xanadu House]] in [[Kissimmee]] opened. *'''[[1982 in architecture|1982]]''' β Design competition is held for the [[Parc de la Villette]] in Paris. *'''[[1981 in architecture|1981]]''' β [[Richard Serra]] installs ''[[Tilted Arc]]'' in the Federal Plaza in New York City. The sculpture is removed in 1989. *'''[[1980 in architecture|1980]]''' β [[Santa Monica Place]] constructed by [[Frank Gehry]]. ==1970s== *'''[[1979 in architecture|1979]]''' β [[Charles Willard Moore|Charles Moore]] designs the [[Piazza d'Italia, New Orleans|Piazza d'Italia]] in [[New Orleans]]. *'''[[1978 in architecture|1978]]''' β [[Vienna International Centre|United Nations City]] in [[Vienna]], [[Austria]] is completed. *'''[[1977 in architecture|1977]]''' β The [[Centre Georges Pompidou]] in [[Paris]], designed by [[Renzo Piano]], [[Richard Rogers]] and [[Gianfranco Franchini]], is opened.<ref>[http://www.fondazionerenzopiano.org/project/83/centre-georges-pompidou/genesis/ Fondazione Renzo Piano]. Retrieved 2014-06-09.</ref> *'''[[1976 in architecture|1976]]''' β The [[Barbican Estate]], designed by Chamberlin, Powell and Bon, opens in the [[City of London]]. *'''[[1976 in architecture|1976]]''' β The [[CN Tower]] in [[Toronto]] opens as the tallest freestanding structure on land. *'''[[1975 in architecture|1975]]''' β Completion of the [[Seoul Tower]] in [[Seoul]], [[South Korea]]. *'''[[1974 in architecture|1974]]''' β National Assembly Building in [[Dhaka]], [[Bangladesh]] is completed. *'''[[1973 in architecture|1973]]''' β The [[World Trade Center (1973β2001)|World Trade Center]] towers, designed by [[Minoru Yamasaki]], are opened in New York. *'''[[1972 in architecture|1972]]''' β The [[Transamerica Pyramid]] in [[San Francisco]], [[California]], designed by [[William Pereira]], is completed. *'''[[1971 in architecture|1971]]''' β [[Rothko Chapel]] in [[Houston, Texas]], designed by [[Mark Rothko]] and [[Philip Johnson]] is completed. *'''[[1970 in architecture|1970]]''' β Construction begins on the [[Sears Tower]] in Chicago, designed by [[Bruce Graham]] and [[Fazlur Khan]] (of [[Skidmore, Owings & Merrill]]). ==1960s== *'''[[1969 in architecture|1969]]''' β [[Fernsehturm Berlin]] opens. [[Ludwig Mies van der Rohe]] and [[Walter Gropius]] die. *'''[[1968 in architecture|1968]]''' β Mies van der Rohe's [[New National Gallery]] in [[Berlin]] finished. *'''[[1967 in architecture|1967]]''' β [[Expo 67]] in [[Montreal]] features the American pavilion, a [[geodesic dome]] designed by [[Buckminster Fuller]], and the [[Habitat 67]] housing complex designed by [[Moshe Safdie]]. *'''[[1966 in architecture|1966]]''' β The [[Gateway Arch]] by Eero Saarinen is finished in [[St. Louis, Missouri]]. *'''[[1965 in architecture|1965]]''' β [[NASA]]'s Cape Canaveral [[Vehicle Assembly Building|VAB]], the [[Niagara Falls|Niagara]] [[Skylon Tower]], Philadelphia's [[LOVE Park]], the [[Tel Aviv]] [[Shalom Meir tower]] and the [[Salk Institute]] all open. *'''[[1964 in architecture|1964]]''' β The [[Unisphere]] heads [[1964 New York World's Fair|New York World's Fair]]. *'''[[1963 in architecture|1963]]''' β The [[Palace of Assembly]] at [[Chandigarh, India]], is finished. *'''[[1962 in architecture|1962]]''' β [[Orinda, California|Orinda]] [[Orinda House]] & by [[Charles Moore (architect)|Charles W. Moore]] is completed. *'''[[1962 in architecture|1962]]''' β [[Seattle]] [[Space Needle]] & [[TWA Terminal]] by [[Eero Saarinen|Saarinen]] at [[John F. Kennedy International Airport|JFK]] are opened. *'''[[1961 in architecture|1961]]''' β Louis Kahn finishes the [[Richards Medical Research Laboratories|Richards Medical Building]] at the [[University of Pennsylvania]] in [[Philadelphia]]. *'''[[1960 in architecture|1960]]''' β [[Lucio Costa]] & [[Oscar Niemeyer]] plan buildings of [[BrasΓlia]], new capital of Brazil. The [[Television Centre, London|Television Centre]] for the [[BBC]] is opened in [[London]]. ==1950s== *'''[[1959 in architecture|1959]]''' β [[Frank Lloyd Wright]]'s [[Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum|Guggenheim Museum]] in [[New York City]] is finished after 16 years of work on the project. *'''[[1958 in architecture|1958]]''' β The [[Seagram Building]] in New York designed by Ludwig [[Mies van der Rohe]] and [[Philip Johnson]] is completed. *'''[[1957 in architecture|1957]]''' β The [[Interbau 57]] exposition in [[Berlin]] features structures by [[Alvar Aalto]], [[Walter Gropius]] and his [[The Architects' Collaborative]] (TAC), and an ''[[unitΓ©]]'' by Le Corbusier. *'''[[1956 in architecture|1956]]''' β [[S.R. Crown Hall|Crown Hall]] at the [[Illinois Institute of Technology]], [[Chicago]], designed by Mies van der Rohe, is finished. *'''[[1955 in architecture|1955]]''' β Completion of [[Le Corbusier]]'s [[Notre Dame du Haut]] chapel at [[Ronchamp]], France and [[Disneyland]] (the world's first theme park) in [[Anaheim]], California. *'''[[1954 in architecture|1954]]''' β [[Louis Kahn]] finishes his [[Yale University Art Gallery]] in [[New Haven, Connecticut]], US. *'''[[1953 in architecture|1953]]''' β Completion of the [[United Nations]] Headquarters in New York by a design team headed by [[Wallace Harrison]] and [[Max Abramowitz]]. *'''[[1952 in architecture|1952]]''' β [[Le Corbusier]] completes his [[UnitΓ© d'Habitation]] in [[Marseille]]. *'''[[1951 in architecture|1951]]''' β [[Mies van der Rohe]]'s [[Lake Shore Drive Apartments]] completed in [[Chicago]]. *'''[[1950 in architecture|1950]]''' β [[Eames House]] completed in [[Santa Monica, California]], designed by [[Charles and Ray Eames]]. ==1940s== *'''[[1949 in architecture|1949]]''' β [[Glass House]] in [[New Canaan, Connecticut]] designed by [[Philip Johnson]]. *'''[[1948 in architecture|1948]]''' β [[Pietro Belluschi]] completes the [[Equitable Building (Portland)|Equitable Building]] in [[Portland, Oregon]]. *'''[[1947 in architecture|1947]]''' β [[Alvar Aalto]] builds the [[List of MIT undergraduate dormitories#Baker House|Baker House]] dormitories at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]]. *'''[[1946 in architecture|1946]]''' β [[Le Corbusier]] draws up plans for [[La Rochelle]]-[[La Pallice]], while his efforts to redesign [[Saint-DiΓ©-des-Vosges]] (both cities in [[France]]) are foiled. *'''[[1945 in architecture|1945]]''' β [[John Entenza]] launches the [[Case Study Houses]] Program through his post as editor of ''[[Arts & Architecture]]'' magazine. *'''[[1944 in architecture|1944]]''' β [[Frank Lloyd Wright]] builds the research tower for his [[Johnson Wax Headquarters]] in [[Racine, Wisconsin]]. *'''[[1943 in architecture|1943]]''' β [[Oscar Niemeyer]] completes his [[Pampulha (Belo Horizonte)|Pampulha]] project in Brazil. *'''[[1942 in architecture|1942]]''' β [[Vichy France|Vichy]] rejects Le Corbusier's [[Obus E]] plan for [[Algiers]]. *'''[[1941 in architecture|1941]]''' β [[Australian War Memorial]] in [[Canberra]], [[Australia]], completed. *'''[[1940 in architecture|1940]]''' β [[Peter Behrens]] dies. ==1930s== *'''[[1939 in architecture|1939]]''' β The 1939 [[World's Fair]] in New York includes the [[Finnish Pavilion]] by [[Alvar Aalto]] and the [[Brazilian Pavilion]] by [[Lucio Costa]] and [[Oscar Niemeyer]]. *'''[[1938 in architecture|1938]]''' β Frank Lloyd Wright purchases {{convert|800|acre|km2}} of land 26 miles away from [[Phoenix, Arizona|Phoenix]], and begins to build [[Taliesin West]], his winter home, in [[Scottsdale, Arizona]], US *'''[[1937 in architecture|1937]]''' β Wright completes his house [[Fallingwater]], at [[Bear Run, Pennsylvania]]. *'''[[1936 in architecture|1936]]''' β Frank Lloyd Wright designs his monumental inward-looking [[Johnson Wax Headquarters]] in [[Racine, Wisconsin]], US. *'''[[1935 in architecture|1935]]''' β [[Cass Gilbert]]'s [[United States Supreme Court Building]] is posthumously finished. *'''[[1934 in architecture|1934]]''' β Frank Lloyd Wright draws up plans for his ''[[Broadacre City]]'', a decentralized urban metropolis. *'''[[1933 in architecture|1933]]''' β The [[Bauhaus]] closes under [[Nazism|Nazi]] pressure. *'''[[1932 in architecture|1932]]''' β The [[Museum of Modern Art]] (MoMA) in New York holds its exhibition on modern architecture, coining the term "[[International style (architecture)|International Style]]." *'''[[1931 in architecture|1931]]''' β The [[Empire State Building]], designed by [[Shreve, Lamb and Harmon]], becomes the tallest building in the world. *'''[[1930 in architecture|1930]]''' β [[William Van Alen]] completes the [[Chrysler Building]], an Art Deco [[skyscraper]] in [[New York City]], US. ==1920s== *'''[[1929 in architecture|1929]]''' β ''[[Barcelona Pavilion]]'' designed by [[Ludwig Mies van der Rohe]]. *'''[[1929 in architecture|1929]]''' β ''[[Villa Savoye]]'' designed by [[Le Corbusier]]. *'''[[1928 in architecture|1928]]''' β [[Hector Guimard]] builds his last house in Paris. *'''[[1927 in architecture|1927]]''' β The [[Weissenhof Estate]], an exhibition of apartment houses designed by leading modern architects, held at [[Stuttgart, Germany]]. *'''[[1926 in architecture|1926]]''' β [[Bauhaus Dessau building]], designed by [[Walter Gropius]], opened. Antoni GaudΓ and Louis Majorelle die. *'''[[1925 in architecture|1925]]''' β [[Government House of Thailand]], in Bangkok, opened *'''[[1924 in architecture|1924]]''' β [[Gerrit Rietveld]] completes the [[Rietveld SchrΓΆder House|SchrΓΆder House]] in [[Utrecht (city)|Utrecht]]. *'''[[1923 in architecture|1923]]''' β Le Corbusier publishes ''[[Toward an Architecture|Vers une architecture]] (Toward an Architecture)'', a summary of his ideas. *'''[[1922 in architecture|1922]]''' β ''[[Monument to the Third International]]'' designed by [[Vladimir Tatlin]] (unbuilt). *'''[[1921 in architecture|1921]]''' β Frank Lloyd Wright completes his [[Hollyhock House]] for [[Aline Barnsdall]] in [[Los Angeles]], begun in 1917. *'''[[1920 in architecture|1920]]''' β The [[Einstein Tower]] in [[Potsdam]], designed by [[Erich Mendelsohn]], is completed. ==1910s== *'''[[1919 in architecture|1919]]''' β [[Bauhaus]] design school founded in [[Weimar]], Germany *'''[[1918 in architecture|1918]]''' β Birth of [[JΓΈrn Utzon]], designer of the [[Sydney Opera House]]. *'''[[1917 in architecture|1917]]''' β [[Georges Biet]]'s [[Art Nouveau]] house and apartment building in [[Nancy, Meurthe-et-Moselle]] is severely damaged by combat shells, but will be rebuilt nearly exactly as before in 1922. *'''[[1916 in architecture|1916]]''' β [[De Stijl]] movement founded in the Netherlands. *'''[[1915 in architecture|1915]]''' β Le Corbusier completes studies for his [[Dom-ino Houses]]. *'''[[1914 in architecture|1914]]''' β Walter Gropius designs his [[Fagus Factory]]. *'''[[1913 in architecture|1913]]''' β Cass Gilbert completes the [[Woolworth Building]] in New York. *'''[[1912 in architecture|1912]]''' β Frank Lloyd Wright begins work on the [[Avery Coonley Playhouse]], [[Riverside, Illinois]]. *'''[[1911 in architecture|1911]]''' β Josef Hoffmann completes the [[Stoclet Palace]] in Brussels. *'''[[1910 in architecture|1910]]''' β GaudΓ finishes the [[Casa MilΓ ]] in Barcelona. ==1900s== *'''[[1909 in architecture|1909]]''' β Frank Lloyd Wright completes the [[Robie House]] near Chicago. *'''[[1908 in architecture|1908]]''' β [[Adolf Loos]] publishes his essay "[[Ornament and Crime]]". *'''[[1907 in architecture|1907]]''' β GaudΓ completes the [[Casa BatllΓ³]] in Barcelona. *'''[[1906 in architecture|1906]]''' β [[Lucien Weissenburger]] completes his own house, a striking example of the [[Art Nouveau]] style in [[Nancy, Meurthe-et-Moselle]]. *'''[[1905 in architecture|1905]]''' β Wright designs [[Unity Temple]] in [[Oak Park, Illinois]]. *'''[[1904 in architecture|1904]]''' β [[Otto Wagner]] completes his [[Post Office Savings Bank, Vienna|Post Office Savings Bank Building]] in Vienna. *'''[[1903 in architecture|1903]]''' β [[Josef Hoffmann]] finishes the [[Moser House]] in [[Vienna]]. *'''[[1902 in architecture|1902]]''' β [[Otto Wagner]]'s [[Wiener Stadtbahn|Viennese Stadtbahn]] railway system is completed. *'''[[1901 in architecture|1901]]''' β [[John McArthur Jr.]], completes the [[Second Empire architecture|Second Empire]]-style [[Philadelphia City Hall]], the world's tallest masonry building. *'''[[1900 in architecture|1900]]''' β The Gare d'Orsay, later the famous [[MusΓ©e d'Orsay]], is built in Paris by [[Victor Laloux]]. ==1890s== *'''[[1899 in architecture|1899]]''' β [[Hector Guimard]] is commissioned to design the edicules for the Paris [[MΓ©tropolitain]], which have become a hallmark of Art Nouveau design. *'''[[1898 in architecture|1898]]''' β Victor Horta designs his own house, later the [[Horta Museum]]. *'''[[1897 in architecture|1897]]''' β [[Hendrik Berlage]] designs his [[Amsterdam Stock Exchange]]. *'''[[1896 in architecture|1896]]''' β [[EugΓ¨ne Vallin]] completes his own house and studio in [[Nancy, France|Nancy]] ([[France]]), which is the first of many Art Nouveau structures built there by the members of the ''[[Γcole de Nancy]]''. *'''[[1895 in architecture|1895]]''' β The [[Biltmore Estate]], the largest house in the US, is completed for the [[Vanderbilt family]] in [[Asheville, North Carolina]]. *'''[[1894 in architecture|1894]]''' β Louis Sullivan builds the [[Prudential (Guaranty) Building (Buffalo, New York)|Guaranty Building]] in Buffalo, NY, US. *'''[[1893 in architecture|1893]]''' β [[Victor Horta]] builds what is widely considered the first full-fledged [[Art Nouveau]] structure, the [[HΓ΄tel Tassel]], in [[Brussels]]. *'''[[1892 in architecture|1892]]''' β Birth of Modernist architect [[Richard Neutra]]. *'''[[1891 in architecture|1891]]''' β [[Louis Sullivan]] completes his [[Wainwright Building]] in [[St. Louis, Missouri|Saint Louis]]. *'''[[1890 in architecture|1890]]''' β Louis Sullivan and Dankmar Adler build the [[Auditorium Building]] in [[Chicago]]. ==1880s== *'''[[1889 in architecture|1889]]''' β The [[1889 Paris exhibition]] showcases some of the new technologies of iron, steel, and glass, including the [[Eiffel Tower]]. *'''[[1888 in architecture|1888]]''' β The [[ExposiciΓ³n Universal de Barcelona (1888)]] displays many buildings by [[LluΓs DomΓ¨nech i Montaner]] and other Catalan architects. *'''[[1887 in architecture|1887]]''' β H. H. Richardson's [[Marshall Field Store]] in Chicago is completed. *'''[[1886 in architecture|1886]]''' β Birth of [[Ludwig Mies van der Rohe]]. *'''[[1885 in architecture|1885]]''' β [[William Le Baron Jenney]] builds the first metal-frame skyscraper, the [[Home Insurance Building]], in Chicago. *'''[[1884 in architecture|1884]]''' β GaudΓ is given the commission for the [[Sagrada FamΓlia]] church in Barcelona, which he will work on until 1926. *'''[[1883 in architecture|1883]]''' β Antoni GaudΓ completes his [[Casa Vicens]] in Barcelona. *'''[[1881 in architecture|1881]]''' β The [[Natural History Museum, London|Natural History Museum]] in London opens. *'''[[1880 in architecture|1880]]''' β [[Cologne Cathedral]] is finally completed after 632 years. ==1870s== *'''[[1879 in architecture|1879]]''' β Louis Sullivan joins Dankmar Adler's firm in Chicago. *'''[[1878 in architecture|1878]]''' β Work begins on the [[Herrenchiemsee]] in [[Bavaria]], designed by [[Georg Dollman]]. Death of Sir George Gilbert Scott. *'''[[1877 in architecture|1877]]''' β [[St Pancras railway station]] in London, by Sir [[George Gilbert Scott]], is completed. *'''[[1876 in architecture|1876]]''' β Construction is finished on the [[Bayreuth Festspielhaus]], designed by [[Gottfried Semper]]. *'''[[1875 in architecture|1875]]''' β The [[OpΓ©ra Garnier]] is completed in Paris. *'''[[1874 in architecture|1874]]''' β Completion of the [[California State Capitol]] in [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]], [[California]]. *'''[[1873 in architecture|1873]]''' β [[Scots' Church, Melbourne|Scots' Church]] in [[Melbourne, Australia]] is finished. *'''[[1872 in architecture|1872]]''' β The [[Albert Memorial]] in London, designed by Sir [[George Gilbert Scott]], is opened. *'''[[1871 in architecture|1871]]''' β The [[Great Chicago Fire]] destroys most of the city, sparking a building boom there; The [[Royal Albert Hall]] is completed in London. *'''[[1870 in architecture|1870]]''' β Birth of [[Adolf Loos]]. ==1860s== *'''[[1869 in architecture|1869]]''' β Birth of [[Georges Biet]]. *'''[[1868 in architecture|1868]]''' β Birth of [[Peter Behrens]] and [[Charles Rennie Mackintosh]]. *'''[[1868 in architecture|1868]]''' β The [[Gyeongbokgung]] of [[Korea]] is reconstructed. *'''[[1867 in architecture|1867]]''' β Birth of [[Frank Lloyd Wright]]. [[William Le Baron Jenney]] opens his architectural practice in Chicago. *'''[[1866 in architecture|1866]]''' β Completion of the [[St Pancras Hotel]] in London by [[Sir George Gilbert Scott]]. *'''[[1865 in architecture|1865]]''' β Birth of French architect [[Paul Charbonnier]]. *'''[[1864 in architecture|1864]]''' β Birth of French Art Nouveau architect [[Jules Lavirotte]]. *'''[[1863 in architecture|1863]]''' β [[United States Capitol]] building dome in Washington, D.C., is completed. *'''[[1862 in architecture|1862]]''' β Construction begins on Henri Labrouste's reading room at the [[BibliothΓ¨que Nationale de France]] (site [[Rue de Richelieu|Richelieu]]). *'''[[1861 in architecture|1861]]''' β Birth of [[Victor Horta]]. *'''[[1860 in architecture|1860]]''' β Construction on [[Longwood (Natchez, Mississippi)|Longwood]], the largest [[octagon]]al residence in the US, is begun in [[Natchez, Mississippi]]. ==1850s== *'''[[1859 in architecture|1859]]''' β Birth of [[Louis Majorelle]] and [[Cass Gilbert]]. *'''[[1858 in architecture|1858]]''' β The competition to design [[Central Park]] in New York is won by [[Frederick Law Olmsted]] and [[Calvert Vaux]]. *'''[[1857 in architecture|1857]]''' β Founding of the [[American Institute of Architects]]. *'''[[1856 in architecture|1856]]''' β [[Louis Sullivan]] and [[EugΓ¨ne Vallin]] are born. *'''[[1855 in architecture|1855]]''' β The [[Palais d'Industrie]] is built for the World's Fair in Paris. *'''[[1854 in architecture|1854]]''' β *'''[[1853 in architecture|1853]]''' β [[Baron Haussmann]] becomes prefect of the Seine ''{{lang|fr|dΓ©partement}}'' and begins his vast urban [[Haussmann's renovation of Paris|renovations of Paris]]. *'''[[1852 in architecture|1852]]''' β Birth of [[Antoni GaudΓ]]. *'''[[1851 in architecture|1851]]''' β ''[[The Crystal Palace]]'' designed by [[Joseph Paxton]]. *'''[[1850 in architecture|1850]]''' β [[Lluis DomΓ¨nech Γ Montaner]] and [[John W. Root]] are born. ==1840s== *'''[[1849 in architecture|1849]]''' β [[John Ruskin]]'s ''[[The Seven Lamps of Architecture]]'' is published. *'''[[1848 in architecture|1848]]''' β Construction begins on the [[Washington Monument]] in [[Washington, D.C.]], though it will not be completed until 1885. *'''[[1847 in architecture|1847]]''' β 24 August, birth of [[Charles Follen McKim]] (died 1909). *'''[[1846 in architecture|1846]]''' β 4 September, birth of [[Daniel Burnham]] of the firm Burnham and Root. *'''[[1845 in architecture|1845]]''' β [[Trafalgar Square]] in London, designed by Charles Barry and [[John Nash (architect)|John Nash]], is completed. *'''[[1844 in architecture|1844]]''' β [[Uspensky Cathedral (Ukraine)|Uspensky Cathedral]] in [[Kharkiv, Ukraine]] is completed. *'''[[1843 in architecture|1843]]''' β Construction begins on [[Henri Labrouste]]'s [[BibliothΓ¨que Sainte-GeneviΓ¨ve]] in Paris. *'''[[1842 in architecture|1842]]''' β The [[Γglise de la Madeleine]] is finally consecrated in Paris as a [[Church (building)|church]]. *'''[[1841 in architecture|1841]]''' β Birth of Otto Wagner. *'''[[1840 in architecture|1840]]''' β Construction begins on the [[Houses of Parliament]] in London, designed by [[Sir Charles Barry]] and [[Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin]]. ==1830s== *'''[[1839 in architecture|1839]]''' β Birth of [[Frank Furness]] in [[Philadelphia]]. *'''[[1838 in architecture|1838]]''' β [[Rideau Hall]] is built by Scottish architect [[Thomas McKay]]. *'''[[1837 in architecture|1837]]''' β The [[Royal Institute of British Architects]] (RIBA) is founded. *'''[[1836 in architecture|1836]]''' β A.W.N. Pugin publishes his ''Contrasts'', a treatise on the morality of Catholic, Gothic architecture. *'''[[1835 in architecture|1835]]''' β The [[New Orleans Mint]], [[Dahlonega Mint]], and [[Charlotte Mint]] are all designed by [[William Strickland (architect)|William Strickland]] and begin producing. coins in three years. *'''[[1834 in architecture|1834]]''' β [[Alfred B. Mullet]], designer of both the [[San Francisco Mint|San Francisco]] and the [[Carson City Mint]]s in the US, is born in Britain. *'''[[1833 in architecture|1833]]''' β William Strickland completes the first [[Philadelphia Mint]] building. *'''[[1832 in architecture|1832]]''' β Birth of [[William Le Baron Jenney]]. *'''[[1830 in architecture|1830]]''' β The [[Altes Museum]] in Berlin, designed by [[Karl Friedrich Schinkel]], is completed after seven years of construction. ==1820s== *'''[[1829 in architecture|1829]]''' β The panopticon-design [[Eastern State Penitentiary]] in Philadelphia, designed by [[John Havilland]], opens. *'''[[1828 in architecture|1828]]''' β Completion of the [[Marble Arch]] in London, designed by John Nash. *'''[[1827 in architecture|1827]]''' β Birth of British Gothic Revial architect [[William Burges]]. *'''[[1826 in architecture|1826]]''' β The [[Menai Suspension Bridge]] over the [[Menai Strait]], in [[Wales]], designed by [[Thomas Telford]], is completed. *'''[[1825 in architecture|1825]]''' β The front and rear porticoes of the White House are added to the building. *'''[[1824 in architecture|1824]]''' β The [[Shelbourne Hotel]] in [[Dublin]], Ireland is completed. *'''[[1823 in architecture|1823]]''' β Work begins on the [[British Museum]] in London, designed by (Sir) [[Robert Smirke (architect)|Robert Smirke]]. *'''[[1822 in architecture|1822]]''' β Birth of landscape architect [[Frederick Law Olmsted]]. *'''[[1821 in architecture|1821]]''' β Karl Friedrich Schinkel completeds his [[Konzerthaus Berlin|Schauspielhaus]] in Berlin and [[Benjamin Latrobe]]'s [[Baltimore Basilica]] is completed. *'''[[1820 in architecture|1820]]''' β Death of [[Benjamin Latrobe]]. ==1810s== *'''[[1819 in architecture|1819]]''' β Birth of English architect [[Horace Jones (architect)|Horace Jones]]. *'''[[1818 in architecture|1818]]''' β Birth of American architect [[James Renwick Jr.]] *'''[[1817 in architecture|1817]]''' β [[Dulwich Picture Gallery]] in London is designed by Sir John Soane as the first purpose-built art gallery. *'''[[1816 in architecture|1816]]''' β [[Vauxhall Bridge|Regent's Bridge]], crossing the [[River Thames]] in central London, designed by [[James Walker (engineer)|James Walker]], is opened. *'''[[1815 in architecture|1815]]''' β [[Brighton Pavilion]] is redesigned by [[John Nash (architect)|John Nash]] for the future [[King George IV]]. *'''[[1814 in architecture|1814]]''' β British troops burn the [[White House]] in Washington, D.C., gutting it completely. *'''[[1813 in architecture|1813]]''' β Death of [[Alexandre-ThΓ©odore Brongniart]]. *'''[[1812 in architecture|1812]]''' β The [[Egyptian Hall]] in London, designed by P. F. Robinson, is completed. *'''[[1811 in architecture|1811]]''' β The [[United States Capitol]], designed by [[Benjamin Latrobe]], is completed. Birth of [[George Gilbert Scott]]. *'''[[1810 in architecture|1810]]''' β [[Old Saint Petersburg Stock Exchange]], designed by [[Jean-FranΓ§ois Thomas de Thomon]], is completed. ==1800s== *'''[[1809 in architecture|1809]]''' β Birth of city planner [[Baron Haussmann]]. *'''[[1808 in architecture|1808]]''' β Construction begins on the [[Paris Bourse]], designed by Alexandre-ThΓ©odore Brongniart. *'''[[1807 in architecture|1807]]''' β The [[:File:Templo de la Virgen del Carmen, Celaya, Guanajuato, MΓ©xico .jpg|Templo de la Virgen del Carmen]] in [[Celaya]], Guanajuato, Mexico is completed. *'''[[1806 in architecture|1806]]''' β [[Arc de Triomphe]], Paris from [[Jean Chalgrin]] commissioned by [[Napoleon Bonaparte]]. *'''[[1805 in architecture|1805]]''' β The [[Ellesmere Canal]], designed by [[Thomas Telford]], is completed. *'''[[1804 in architecture|1804]]''' β Completion of the [[Government House, The Bahamas|Government House]] in the [[Bahamas]]. *'''[[1803 in architecture|1803]]''' β The [[Raj Bhavan, Kolkata|Raj Bhavan]] in [[Kolkata, West Bengal]], India is finished. *'''[[1802 in architecture|1802]]''' β The [[Temple of Saint Philip Neri]] in [[Guadalajara]], Jalisco, Mexico is completed. *'''[[1801 in architecture|1801]]''' β Birth of Henri Labrouste. *'''[[1800 in architecture|1800]]''' β The [[White House]] in [[Washington, D.C.]] is completed by team of client [[George Washington]], planner [[Pierre L'Enfant]], and architect [[James Hoban]]. ==1790s== *'''[[1799 in architecture|1799]]''' β Death of French neoclassicist [[Γtienne-Louis BoullΓ©e]]. *'''[[1798 in architecture|1798]]''' β [[Karlsruhe Synagogue]], usually regarded as the first building of the [[Egyptian Revival architecture]], built by [[Friedrich Weinbrenner]] in [[Karlsruhe]]. *'''[[1797 in architecture|1797]]''' β [[Ditherington Flax Mill]], in [[Shrewsbury]], England, the world's oldest surviving iron-framed building, is completed. *'''[[1796 in architecture|1796]]''' β [[Somerset House]] in [[London]], designed by [[William Chambers (architect)|William Chambers]], is completed. *'''[[1795 in architecture|1795]]''' β Birth of English architect [[Charles Barry]]. *'''[[1794 in architecture|1794]]''' β [[Hwaseong Fortress]] in [[Suwon]], Korea, begins. *'''[[1793 in architecture|1793]]''' β [[Old East]], the oldest public [[uniir John Soane's Museum]]. *'''[[1791 in architecture|1791]]''' β [[Brandenburg Gate]] in [[Berlin]] is completed *'''[[1790 in architecture|1790]]''' β ==1780s== *'''[[1789 in architecture|1789]]''' β [[Jacques-Germain Soufflot]]'s [[PanthΓ©on, Paris|PanthΓ©on]] in Paris is completed by his student [[Jean-Baptiste Rondelet]]. *'''[[1788 in architecture|1788]]''' β *'''[[1787 in architecture|1787]]''' β *'''[[1786 in architecture|1786]]''' β [[Schloss Bellevue]] in [[Berlin]], designed by [[Philipp Daniel Boumann]], is completed. *'''[[1785 in architecture|1785]]''' β *'''[[1784 in architecture|1784]]''' β *'''[[1783 in architecture|1783]]''' β *'''[[1782 in architecture|1782]]''' β Alexandre-ThΓ©odore Brongniart is named architect and controller-general of the [[Γcole Militaire]] in Paris. *'''[[1781 in architecture|1781]]''' β *'''[[1780 in architecture|1780]]''' β 29 August β Death of Jacques-Germain Soufflot (b. 1713). ==1770s== *'''[[1779 in architecture|1779]]''' β [[Fridericianum]] in [[Kassel]] (Hesse), designed by [[Simon Louis du Ry]], completed. *'''[[1778 in architecture|1778]]''' β [[La Scala]] opera house in [[Milan]] (Lombardy), designed by [[Giuseppe Piermarini]], is opened *'''[[1777 in architecture|1777]]''' β *'''[[1776 in architecture|1776]]''' β *'''[[1775 in architecture|1775]]''' β *'''[[1774 in architecture|1774]]''' β *'''[[1773 in architecture|1773]]''' β *'''[[1772 in architecture|1772]]''' β *'''[[1771 in architecture|1771]]''' β *'''[[1770 in architecture|1770]]''' β ==1760s== *'''[[1769 in architecture|1769]]''' β [[St Clement's Church, Moscow]] is completed *'''[[1768 in architecture|1768]]''' β [[Petit Trianon]] at [[Palace of Versailles|Versailles]] is completed. *'''[[1767 in architecture|1767]]''' β [[Arg of Karim Khan]] *'''[[1766 in architecture|1766]]''' β [[Horace Walpole]]'s [[Strawberry Hill House]] in London is completed. *'''[[1765 in architecture|1765]]''' β *'''[[1764 in architecture|1764]]''' β Construction begins on church of [[La Madeleine, Paris]]. *'''[[1763 in architecture|1763]]''' β *'''[[1762 in architecture|1762]]''' β *'''[[1761 in architecture|1761]]''' β *'''[[1760 in architecture|1760]]''' β ==1750s== *'''[[1759 in architecture|1759]]''' β [[Royal Palace of RiofrΓo]] in Spain, designed by Virgilio Rabaglio completed. *'''[[1758 in architecture|1758]]''' β The royal water garden of [[Taman Sari (Yogyakarta)]] on [[Java]], designed by Tumenggung Mangundipura, is begun. *'''[[1757 in architecture|1757]]''' β [[Vorontsov Palace (Saint Petersburg)]], designed by [[Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli]], is completed. *'''[[1756 in architecture|1756]]''' β *'''[[1755 in architecture|1755]]''' β [[Nuruosmaniye Mosque]] in [[Istanbul]], designed by Mustafa AΔa and Simeon Kalfa, is completed *'''[[1754 in architecture|1754]]''' β [[Tomb of Safdar Jang]] in [[New Delhi|Delhi]] is completed. *'''[[1753 in architecture|1753]]''' β The Georgian-Style Pennsylvania State House, ([[Independence Hall]]) is completed in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. *'''[[1752 in architecture|1752]]''' β [[Valletta Waterfront]] on Malta is built *'''[[1751 in architecture|1751]]''' β *'''[[1750 in architecture|1750]]''' β [[Rang Ghar]] in eastern India. ==1740s== *'''[[1749 in architecture|1749]]''' β The [[Radcliffe Camera]] in [[Oxford]], England, designed by [[James Gibbs]], is opened as a library.<ref>{{cite book|page=149|first=Ivor|last=Guest|author-link=Ivor Forbes Guest|title=Dr. John Radcliffe and His Trust|location=London|publisher=The Radcliffe Trust|year= 1991|isbn=0-9502482-1-5}}</ref> *'''[[1748 in architecture|1748]]''' β *'''[[1747 in architecture|1747]]''' β *'''[[1746 in architecture|1746]]''' β *'''[[1745 in architecture|1745]]''' β *'''[[1744 in architecture|1744]]''' β *'''[[1743 in architecture|1743]]''' β [[Dresden Frauenkirche]], [[Dresden]], Germany, completed. *'''[[1742 in architecture|1742]]''' β *'''[[1741 in architecture|1741]]''' β *'''[[1740 in architecture|1740]]''' β ==1730s== *'''[[1739 in architecture|1739]]''' β Birth of [[Alexandre-ThΓ©odore Brongniart]]. *'''[[1738 in architecture|1738]]''' β *'''[[1737 in architecture|1737]]''' β *'''[[1736 in architecture|1736]]''' β *'''[[1735 in architecture|1735]]''' β Buckingham Palace built *'''[[1734 in architecture|1734]]''' β *'''[[1733 in architecture|1733]]''' β *'''[[1732 in architecture|1732]]''' β *'''[[1731 in architecture|1731]]''' β [[Basilica of Superga]] in the vicinity of Turin built, and designed by Filippo Juvarra *'''[[1730 in architecture|1730]]''' β ==1720s== *'''[[1729 in architecture|1729]]''' β [[Christ Church, Spitalfields]] in London is completed. *'''[[1728 in architecture|1728]]''' β *'''[[1727 in architecture|1727]]''' β *'''[[1726 in architecture|1726]]''' β The remaining ruins of [[Liverpool Castle]] are demolished. *'''[[1725 in architecture|1725]]''' β *'''[[1724 in architecture|1724]]''' β The construction of [[Blenheim Palace]] is completed. *'''[[1723 in architecture|1723]]''' β [[Mavisbank House]] in [[Loanhead]], Scotland is designed. Death of [[Christopher Wren]]. *'''[[1722 in architecture|1722]]''' β *'''[[1721 in architecture|1721]]''' β *'''[[1720 in architecture|1720]]''' β ==1710s== *'''[[1719 in architecture|1719]]''' β *'''[[1718 in architecture|1718]]''' β *'''[[1717 in architecture|1717]]''' β *'''[[1716 in architecture|1716]]''' β *'''[[1715 in architecture|1715]]''' β *'''[[1714 in architecture|1714]]''' β *'''[[1713 in architecture|1713]]''' β [[Vizianagaram Fort]] in [[South India]] is built. *'''[[1712 in architecture|1712]]''' β *'''[[1711 in architecture|1711]]''' β *'''[[1710 in architecture|1710]]''' β ==1700s== *'''[[1709 in architecture|1709]]''' β *'''[[1708 in architecture|1708]]''' β [[St. Paul's Cathedral]] in London, designed by [[Christopher Wren]], is completed. *'''[[1707 in architecture|1707]]''' β *'''[[1706 in architecture|1706]]''' β *'''[[1705 in architecture|1705]]''' β November: In [[Williamsburg, Virginia|Williamsburg]], capital of the [[Virginia]] colony in America, construction of the Capitol building is completed. *'''[[1704 in architecture|1704]]''' β [[St Magnus-the-Martyr]] in London is completed. *'''[[1703 in architecture|1703]]''' β *'''[[1702 in architecture|1702]]''' β The [[Thomaskirche]] in [[Leipzig]], Germany is completed. *'''[[1701 in architecture|1701]]''' β *'''[[1700 in architecture|1700]]''' β ==17th century== *'''[[1694 in architecture|1690s]]''' β [[Potala Palace]] is completed in Tibet. *'''[[1690s in architecture|1690s]]''' β The city of [[Noto, Italy|Noto]], Italy, on [[Sicily]], is devastated by an earthquake (1693), and a rebuilding program begins in the [[Baroque]] style. *'''[[1680s in architecture|1680s]]''' β Church of [[Les Invalides]], Paris is built by [[Jules Hardouin-Mansart]]. *'''[[1670s in architecture|1670s]]''' β The [[Royal Greenwich Observatory]] in London, designed by [[Christopher Wren]] is completed (1676). *'''[[1660s in architecture|1660s]]''' β [[Louis XIV of France|Louis XIV]], with the architect [[Jules Hardouin-Mansart]], begins to enlarge the [[Palace of Versailles]] (1661); foundation stone of [[Petersberg Citadel]], Erfurt, Germany laid (1665). *'''[[1650s in architecture|1650s]]''' β Completion of the church [[Sant'Agnese in Agone]] in Rome, designed by Borromini and [[Carlo Rainaldi]]. *'''[[1640s in architecture|1640s]]''' β Borromini builds the church [[Sant'Ivo alla Sapienza]] in Rome. *'''[[1630s in architecture|1630s]]''' β Emperor [[Shah Jahan]] construct [[Taj Mahal]] in [[Agra]], India. *'''[[1630s in architecture|1630s]]''' β Borromini builds the church [[San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane]] in Rome. *'''[[1620s in architecture|1620s]]''' β [[St. Peter's Basilica]] is completed in [[Vatican City]] (1626). *'''[[1610s in architecture|1610s]]''' β Mohammadreza Isfahani builds [[Naghsh-i Jahan Square]] in [[Isfahan]], Iran. *'''[[1600s in architecture|1600s]]''' β [[33 pol]] bridge is constructed in Isfahan, Iran. ==16th century== *'''[[1590s in architecture|1590s]]''' β [[Bernini]] and [[Borromini]] are born. *'''[[1580s in architecture|1580s]]''' β *'''[[1570s in architecture|1570s]]''' β *'''[[1560s in architecture|1560s]]''' β work begins on [[Palladio]]'s [[Villa Capra "La Rotonda"]]. *'''[[1550s in architecture|1550s]]''' β *'''[[1540s in architecture|1540s]]''' β *'''[[1530s in architecture|1530s]]''' β Work begins on [[Michelangelo]]'s [[Piazza del Campidoglio]] ([[Capitoline Hill]]). *'''[[1520s in architecture|1520s]]''' β [[Santhome Church]] was built in [[Chennai]]. *'''[[1510s in architecture|1510s]]''' β Construction begins on [[Chateau Chambord]]. *'''[[1500s in architecture|1500s]]''' β Construction begins on [[St. Peter's Basilica]]. Birth of [[Andrea Palladio]]. ==15th century== *'''[[1490s in architecture|1490s]]''' β *'''[[1480s in architecture|1480s]]''' β [[Vitruvius]]' treatise ''De architectura'' and [[Leon Battista Alberti]]'s ''[[De re aedificatoria]]'' were published, having previously existed only in manuscript. *'''[[1470s in architecture|1470s]]''' β *'''[[1460s in architecture|1460s]]''' β *'''[[1450s in architecture|1450s]]''' β Architecture of the Ottoman Empire after capturing Constantinople *'''[[1440s in architecture|1440s]]''' β *'''[[1430s in architecture|1430s]]''' β *'''[[1420s in architecture|1420s]]''' β The [[Forbidden City]] of China is completed *'''[[1410s in architecture|1410s]]''' β *'''[[1400s in architecture|1400s]]''' β The [[Changdeokgung]] of Korea is completed. ==14th century== *'''[[14th Century architecture]]''' ==13th century== *'''[[1290s in architecture|1290s]]''' β *'''[[1280s in architecture|1280s]]''' β *'''[[1270s in architecture|1270s]]''' β [[St. Augustine's Monastery (Erfurt)]], Germany begun 1277 *'''[[1260s in architecture|1260s]]''' β [[Fakr Ad-Din Mosque]] is finished in the [[Sultanate of Mogadishu]] *'''[[1250s in architecture|1250s]]''' β *'''[[1240s in architecture|1240s]]''' β The foundation stone of [[Cologne Cathedral]] in [[Cologne]] is laid. *'''[[1230s in architecture|1230s]]''' β *'''[[1220s in architecture|1220s]]''' β *'''[[1210s in architecture|1210s]]''' β *'''[[1200s in architecture|1200s]]''' β ==12th century== *'''[[1190s in architecture|1190s]]''' β Construction of [[Qutb Minar]] started in India *'''[[1190s in architecture|1190s]]''' β Construction begins on the present form of [[Chartres Cathedral]] after a fire. *'''[[1180s in architecture|1180s]]''' β *'''[[1170s in architecture|1170s]]''' β *'''[[1160s in architecture|1160s]]''' β *'''[[1150s in architecture|1150s]]''' β *'''[[1140s in architecture|1140s]]''' β Abbot Sugar supervises the reconstruction of St. Denis in the Gothic style *'''[[1130s in architecture|1130s]]''' β Work begins on the [[Basilica of Saint-Denis]] in France. *'''[[1120s in architecture|1120s]]''' β *'''[[1110s in architecture|1110s]]''' β *'''[[1100s in architecture|1100s]]''' β [[Yingzao Fashi]] written by [[Li Jie (Song dynasty)|Li Jie]] published during mid [[Song dynasty]], an important set of building standards. ==11th century== *'''[[1090s in architecture|1090s]]''' β [[Durham Cathedral]] founded; [[Old Synagogue (Erfurt)]], Germany, one of the oldest synagogue buildings in Europe (1094) *'''[[1080s in architecture|1080s]]''' β *'''[[1070s in architecture|1070s]]''' β [[St Albans Cathedral]] commenced; built from the ruins of Roman [[Verulamium]]. *'''[[1060s in architecture|1060s]]''' β *'''[[1050s in architecture|1050s]]''' β [[Greensted Church]] built, oldest surviving wooden church (extensively repaired) in the world, possibly the oldest wooden building in Europe. *'''[[1040s in architecture|1040s]]''' β *'''[[1030s in architecture|1030s]]''' β [[Gangaikonda Cholapuram]] built by the kingdom of [[Rajendra Chola I]] under [[Chola dynasty]]. *'''[[1020s in architecture|1020s]]''' β *'''[[1010s in architecture|1010s]]''' β *'''[[1000s in architecture|1000s]]''' β [[Brihadisvara Temple, Thanjavur|Brihadisvara Temple]] built by the kingdom of [[Rajaraja I]] under [[Chola dynasty]]. Construction of stone buildings in [[Great Zimbabwe]] begins. ==1st millennium AD== * 905 β [[Aachen Cathedral]] consecrated (major renovations in the [[10th century in architecture|10th century]]). *'''[[10th century in architecture|900s]]''' β [[Akhtala Monastery]] built, intended as a fortress. *'''[[9th century in architecture|800s]]''' β * 880 β The [[Nea Ekklesia]] is inaugurated in [[Constantinople]], setting the model for all later [[cross-in-square]] Orthodox churches. * 848 β [[San Miguel de Lillo]] built in the [[Asturian architecture|Asturian pre-romanesque style]] of [[Architecture of Spain|Spain]]. *'''[[8th century in architecture|700s]]''' β [[Seokguram]] of Korea is constructed. * 605 β [[Anji Bridge]], China, the world's oldest known open-[[spandrel]] segmental stone arch bridge, is completed. *'''[[7th century in architecture|600s]]''' β [[St. Hripsime Church, Echmiadzin]], one of the world's oldest surviving churches, constructed. *'''[[6th century in architecture|500s]]''' β [[Hagia Sophia]] built in its present form. Oldest known surviving roof truss in [[Saint Catherine's Monastery]]. *495β504 β [[Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo]], Ravenna.<ref name=Calkinscpt2>{{cite book|title=Medieval Architecture in Western Europe, From A.D. 300 to 1500|first=Robert G.|last=Calkins|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=New York|year=1998|chapter=2, Early Christian Buildings|pages=14β30}}</ref> * 470 β [[Basilica of St. Martin, Tours]].<ref name=Calkinscpt2/> * 432β40 β [[Santa Maria Maggiore]]<ref name=Calkinscpt2/> and [[Santa Sabina]] in Rome.<ref name=Calkinscpt2/> *'''[[5th century in architecture|400s]]''' β [[Mahabalipuram]], an ancient port city of south east India, constructed under [[Mahendravarman I]] & his son [[Narasimhavarman I]] of the Pallava Kingdom, Tamil Nadu, South India. *391 β [[Serapeum of Alexandria]] is destroyed in a conflict between Christians and pagans. * c.330 β [[Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls]], Rome.<ref name=Calkinscpt2/> * 325 β [[Old St. Peter's Basilica]], Rome.<ref name=Calkinscpt2/> * 320 β Construction of [[Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran]], Rome, begun using standards that will be followed in future basilica designs.<ref name=Calkinscpt2/> * 315 β [[Arch of Constantine]] in Rome dedicated to the [[Battle of Milvian Bridge]]. * 312 β [[Aula Palatina]] (Basilica of Constantine) at [[Trier]], the brick audience hall, completed.<ref name=Calkinscpt1>{{cite book |title= Medieval Architecture in Western Europe, From A.D. 300 to 1500|first=Robert G.|last=Calkins |publisher=Oxford University Press |location= New York |year= 1998 |chapter=1, Classical Antecedents |pages=1β13}}</ref> * 307β312 β [[Basilica of Maxentius]]<ref name=Calkinscpt1/> and Catacomb of the [[Via Latina]] in Rome begun. *'''[[4th century in architecture|300s]]''' β [[Nalanda]], an ancient center of higher learning, is built in [[Gupta Empire]] in India. * 296β306 β [[Baths of Diocletian]] in Rome.<ref name=Calkinscpt1/> * 262 β [[Arch of Gallienus]] in [[Rome]] completed. * 231 β [[Dura-Europos church]] in [[Syria]], a house built c.200 converted into a [[Christian Church]].<ref name=Calkinscpt2/> * 224 β [[Dura-Europos synagogue]] one of the oldest [[synagogue]]s. * 211 β [[Arch of Drusus]] in Rome completed. * 203 β [[Arch of Septimius Severus]] in Rome completed. * 212β16 β [[Baths of Caracalla]] in Rome.<ref name=Calkinscpt1/> *'''[[3rd century in architecture|200s]]''' β *200 β [[Pyramid of the Sun]] in [[Teotihuacan]] is constructed. * 193 β Column of Marcus Aurelius dedicated in [[Rome]]. * 134 β [[Ponte Sant'Angelo]] across the [[Tiber]] in Rome completed. * 118β28 β Pantheon, Rome is completed, an early full dome.<ref name=Calkinscpt1/> * 113 β [[Trajan's Column]] in Rome dedicated. * 104β6 β [[AlcΓ‘ntara Bridge]], a [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] multiple arched bridge over the [[Tagus River]] in Spain. * 82 β [[Arch of Titus]] in Rome an artifact from the 'Temple Period' and the beginning of the [[Jewish Diaspora]]. *'''[[2nd century in architecture|100s]]''' β [[Pantheon, Rome]] is completed. * 70β80 β [[Colosseum]] in Rome built under Emperors [[Vespasian]] and [[Titus]]. * 60β69 β [[Domus Aurea]] in Rome begun. * 52 β [[Porta Maggiore]] (Porta Prenestina) in [[Rome]] built. A subterranean [[Neopythagoreanism|Neopythagorean]] [[basilica]] nearby also dates to this century. * 47β50 β Romans establish the city of [[Londinium]] in Britain. * 40 β Lighthouse at [[Boulogne]] built. * 3 β [[Gungnae City]] of [[Goguryeo]] completed. ==1st millennium BC== *'''[[1st century BC in architecture|1-99 BC]]''' β [[Vitruvius]] writes [[De architectura]] (c. 15 BC). Expansion of [[Herod the Great]]'s temple begins (c. 37 BC). [[Pont du Gard]] (c. 50 BC), [[Provence]], [[France]].<ref name=Calkinscpt1/> [[Pons Fabricius]], oldest functional stone [[Roman bridge]] in [[Rome]], Italy (62 BC). [[Maison CarrΓ©e]] [[Roman temple]] is constructed (c. 16 BC). [[Mausoleum of Augustus]] is completed (28 BC). *'''[[2nd century BC in architecture|100s]]''' β Across the [[Tiber]] in Italy: [[Ponte Milvio]] is the second bridge at this location (115 BC); [[Pons Aemilius]] is the oldest stone [[Roman bridge]] in [[Rome]] (126 BC). *'''[[3rd century BC in architecture|200s]]''' β [[Erechtheion]] in [[Athens]] completed (206 BC). [[Lighthouse of Alexandria]] in [[Egypt]] completed and is the tallest man-made structure in existence at the time (c. 246 BC). The city of [[DjennΓ©-Djenno]] is first occupied (250 BC). [[Colossus of Rhodes]] is completed (280 BC). *'''[[4th century BC in architecture|300s]]''' β [[University of ancient Taxila]], one of the first institutes of learning, is established. [[Mausoleum at Halicarnassus]], one of the [[Seven Wonders of the Ancient World]], is completed (350 BC). [[Alexander the Great]] founds the city of [[Alexandria]] and plans its layout (331 BC). The city of [[Antioch]] is founded (300 BC). *'''[[5th century BC in architecture|400s]]''' β Completion of the final form of the [[Parthenon]] in [[Athens]] (432 BC). Construction of [[Pataliputra]] (modern day [[Patna]]) in the [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] empire ([[Indian Subcontinent]]) begun (490 BC). *'''[[6th century BC in architecture|500s]]''' β Construction of the [[Temple of Artemis]] in [[Ephesus]] begins (c. 500 BC). [[Second Temple]] [[Temple in Jerusalem|in Jerusalem]] completed (February 25, 515 BC). Work begins on [[Persepolis]] (515 BC). [[Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus]] completed in [[Rome]] (509 BC). *'''[[7th century BC in architecture|600s]]''' β Port city of [[Naucratis]] is founded in Egypt (c. 625 BC). Massalia (modern-day [[Marseille]]) is founded (c. 600 BC). *'''[[8th century BC in architecture|700s]]''' β According to legend, the city of Rome is founded (753 BC). *'''[[9th century BC in architecture|800s]]''' β *'''[[10th century BC in architecture|900s]]''' β The earliest Greek temple built at [[Samos]] with some timber framing based on the [[Mycenaean Greece|Mycenaean]] [[megaron]]<ref>Norwich, John Julius, ed.. ''great architecture of the world: from ancient times to the present, with more than 800 diagrams, drawings, and photographs''. 2001. 68. {{ISBN|0306810425}}</ref> ==2nd millennium BC== *'''[[11th century BC in architecture|1000s BC]]''' β *'''[[12th century BC in architecture|1100s]]''' β *'''[[13th century BC in architecture|1200s]]''' β [[Chogha Zanbil]] built. End of [[Harappan architecture]] *'''[[14th century BC in architecture|1300s]]''' β *'''[[15th century BC in architecture|1400s]]''' β *'''[[16th century BC in architecture|1500s]]''' β *'''[[17th century BC in architecture|1600s]]''' β Final construction of [[Stonehenge]] in England<ref>[[Stonehenge#After the monument (1600 BC on)]]</ref> *'''[[18th century BC in architecture|1700s]]''' β *'''[[19th century BC in architecture|1800s]]''' β Last [[Egypt]]ian pyramid built in [[Hawara]] *'''[[20th century BC in architecture|1900s]]''' β ==3rd millennium BC== *'''[[21st century BC in architecture|2000s BC]]''' β [[Ziggurat of Ur]] construction takes place *'''[[22nd century BC in architecture|2100s]]''' β *'''[[23rd century BC in architecture|2200s]]''' β *'''[[24th century BC in architecture|2300s]]''' β *'''[[25th century BC in architecture|2400s]]''' β *'''[[26th century BC in architecture|2500s]]''' β *'''[[27th century BC in architecture|2600s]]''' β Ancient city of [[Mohenjo-daro]] is built in modern day [[Pakistan]]. [[Great Pyramid of Giza]] and [[Pyramid of Djoser]] built in [[Egypt]]. *'''[[28th century BC in architecture|2700s]]''' β *'''[[29th century BC in architecture|2800s]]''' β *'''[[30th century BC in architecture|2900s]]''' β (2900 β 1600 BC) the [[Longshan culture]] in China. Examples in [[Shandong]], [[Henan]], and southern [[Shaanxi]] and [[Shanxi]] provinces. ==Neolithic== *'''[[4th millennium BC in architecture|4th millennium BC]]''' β [[Harappa]] ancient city built. *'''5th millennium BC''' β (5000β3000 BC) [[Yangshao culture]] in China. *'''6th millennium BC''' β (6000β2000 BC) Emergence of wooden frames in [[Chinese architecture]] including the use of [[mortise and tenon]] joinery to build wood beamed houses. *'''7th millennium BC''' β [[ΓatalhΓΆyΓΌk]] in [[Anatolia]] constructed without streets. *'''8th millennium BC''' β Lahuradewa architecture in Ganges plains of [[India]]. Early [[Mehrgarh]] settlements are established near the [[Bolan Pass]] in [[Pakistan]]. Earliest town sites with simple residential neighbourhoods in [[Jarmo]], [[Jericho]], and [[Ayn Ghazal (archaeological site)|Ain Ghazal]] on the Levant. *'''10th millennium BC''' β [[GΓΆbekli Tepe]] in Turkey, an ancient structure believed to be the first place of worship. == References == {{reflist}} ==See also== {{portal|Architecture}} *[[Table of years in architecture]] *[[Timeline of architectural styles]] *[[Outline of architecture]] *[[History of architecture]] {{Lists of years}} [[Category:Culture-related timelines|Architecture]] [[Category:Years in architecture| ]] [[Category:Architectural history|+]] [[Category:Architecture lists]] [[Category:Lists of years by topic|Architecture]]
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