Editing Tiphys

{{Short description|Helmsman of the Argonauts in Greek legend}}
{{For|the genus of mites|Tiphys (arachnid)}}

In [[Greek mythology]], '''Tiphys''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|t|aɪ|f|ᵻ|s}}; [[Ancient Greece|Ancient Greek]]: Τῖφυς ''Tîphus'') was the [[helmsman]] of the [[Argonauts]].<ref>[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+1.9.16&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:book=1:chapter=9&highlight=Tiphys 1.9.16]; ''[[Argonautica Orphica|Orphic Argonautica]]'' 490; [[Hyginus (Fabulae)|Hyginus]], ''Fabulae'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#14.2 14.2] & [https://topostext.org/work/206#14.5 14.5]; [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+9.32.4&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:book=9:chapter=32&highlight=Tiphys 9.32.4]</ref>

== Family ==
Tiphys was the [[Thespiae|Thespian]] son of [[Hagnias]]<ref name=":0">[[Apollonius of Rhodes]], 1.105, 1.560, 1.296, 1.557 & 2.854; Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+1.9.16&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:book=1:chapter=9&highlight=Tiphys 1.9.16]; ''Orphic Argonautica'' 113 ff., 540 & 680 ff.; [[Gaius Valerius Flaccus|Valerius Flaccus]], 1.482</ref> or of [[Phorbas of Elis]] and [[Hyrmine]], daughter of [[Epeius]].<ref>Hyginus, ''Fabulae'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#14.2 14]</ref> In the latter account, he was possibly the brother of [[Augeas]]<ref name=":1">Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+2.5.5&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Phorbas 2.5.5]</ref> and [[Actor (mythology)|Actor]].<ref>Pausanias, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+5.1.11&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Phorbas 5.1.11]</ref>

== Mythology ==

=== Pilot of Argo ===
Among his crew members, Tiphys was chosen to steer the long ship Argo.

==== Apollonius' account ====

: Tiphys, son of Hagnias, left the [[Siphae]]an people of the Thespians, well skilled to foretell the rising wave on the broad sea, and well skilled to infer from sun and star the stormy winds and the time for sailing. [[Lake Tritonis|Tritonian]] [[Athena]] herself urged him to join the band of chiefs, and he came among them a welcome comrade.<ref>Apollonius of Rhodes, 1.105 ff. ''{{PD-notice}}''</ref>

==== Valerius' account ====
{|
|<blockquote>. . . Tiphys without fear trust to rule the vessel and to watch the heavens, when weary-eyed with ceaseless gazing on the bear.<ref>Valerius Flaccus, 1.418–419 ''{{PD-notice}}''</ref></blockquote>
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|-
|<blockquote>The watchful Tiphys, Hagnius’ son, hung his gaze upon the [[Arcadia (ancient region)|Arcadian]] constellation, favoured mortal, that found use for the laggard stars, and giving men power to steer their path across the sea with heaven as their guide.<ref>Valerius Flaccus, 1.481–484 ''{{PD-notice}}''</ref></blockquote>
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|-
|<blockquote>Tiphys is at the helm, and silently his helpers sit to do his bidding; even as by the throne of highest [[Jupiter (mythology)|Jupiter]] all things are round about him alert and ready for the god, winds, showers, lightning, thunder, and rivers still in their springs.<ref>Valerius Flaccus, 1.689–93 ''{{PD-notice}}''</ref></blockquote>
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|}

==== Statius' account ====

: Tiphys himself wearies by his labours the heavy billows and the tiller that will not hear him, and pale with anxiety oft changes his commands, and turns right- and leftward from the land the prow that would fain dash itself to shipwreck on the rocks, until from the vessel's tapering bows the son of [[Aeson]] holds forth the olive-branch of Pallas hat [[Mopsus (Argonaut)|Mopsus]] bore, and through the tumult of his comrades would prevent him, asks for peace; his words were swept away by the headlong gale.<ref>[[Statius]], ''[[Thebaid (Latin poem)|Thebaid]]'' 5.412–421 ''{{PD-notice}}''</ref>

====''Orphic Argonautica''====

: He (Tiphys) left the Thespians to work on the waters of [[Teumessus|Teumessia]] near the mountain of poplars. He knew the painstaking art of discerning from the bellowing and flashing of storms when and how to guide the ship.<ref>''Orphic Argonautica'' 113 ff. ''{{PD-notice}}''</ref>

=== Death ===
During the voyage to [[Colchis]], Tiphys died of a mysterious illness in the land of the [[Mariandyni]]ans<ref>Apollonius of Rhodes, 2.854 ff.; Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+1.9.23&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:book=1:chapter=9&highlight=Tiphys 1.9.23]; ''Orphic Argonautica'' 723 ff.; Hyginus, ''Fabulae'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#14.4 14]; Valerius Flaccus, 5.15 ff.</ref> or, according to some sources, a snakebite. After his death, [[Ancaeus (son of Poseidon)|Ancaeus]] piloted the ''[[Argo]]''.<ref>Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+1.9.23&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:book=1:chapter=9&highlight=Tiphys 1.9.23]</ref>

== Notes ==

<references />

== References ==

* [[Apollonius of Rhodes|Apollonius Rhodius]], ''Argonautica'' translated by Robert Cooper Seaton (1853-1915), R. C. Loeb Classical Library Volume 001. London, William Heinemann Ltd, 1912. [https://topostext.org/work/126 Online version at the Topos Text Project.]
* Apollonius Rhodius, ''Argonautica''. George W. Mooney. London. Longmans, Green. 1912. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0227 Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Gaius Julius Hyginus]], ''Fabulae from The Myths of Hyginus'' translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies. [https://topostext.org/work/206 Online version at the Topos Text Project.]
* [[Gaius Valerius Flaccus]], ''Argonautica'' translated by Mozley, J H. Loeb Classical Library Volume 286. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1928. [http://www.theoi.com/Text/ValeriusFlaccus1.html Online version at theio.com.]
* Gaius Valerius Flaccus, ''Argonauticon.'' Otto Kramer. Leipzig. Teubner. 1913. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2007.01.0058 Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library.]
* [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], ''Description of Greece'' with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. {{ISBN|0-674-99328-4}}. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0160 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library]
*Pausanias, ''Graeciae Descriptio.'' ''3 vols''. Leipzig, Teubner. 1903.  [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0159 Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Pseudo-Apollodorus]], ''The Library'' with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. {{ISBN|0-674-99135-4}}. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0022 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.] [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0021 Greek text available from the same website].
* [[Statius|Publius Papinius Statius]]'', The Thebaid'' translated by John Henry Mozley. Loeb Classical Library Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1928. [https://topostext.org/work/149 Online version at the Topos Text Project.]
* Publius Papinius Statius, ''The Thebaid. Vol I-II''. John Henry Mozley. London: William Heinemann; New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 1928. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2008.01.0498 Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library.]
* [[Argonautica Orphica|''The Orphic Argonautica'']], translated by Jason Colavito. © Copyright 2011. [https://topostext.org/work/549 Online version at the Topos Text Project.]

[[Category:Family of Calyce (mythology)]]
[[Category:Argonauts]]
[[Category:Characters in the Argonautica]]
[[Category:Mythological Boeotians]]
[[Category:Mythological Eleans]]
[[Category:Fictional helmsmen]]


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