Editing Toronto Transit Commission

{{Short description|Agency responsible for local public transit in Ontario, Canada}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox public transit
| box_width = 
| name = Toronto Transit Commission
| image = TTC.svg
| imagesize = 150px
| alt = 
| caption = 
| image2 = Montage of TTC 3.jpg
| caption2 = From top, clockwise: [[York University station]] on Line 1 Yonge-University, an [[S series (Toronto subway)|S-series]] rapid transit train on the former [[Line 3 Scarborough]], a [[Nova Bus]] bus, wall tile signage at [[Eglinton station]] featuring the [[Toronto Subway (typeface)|Toronto Subway typeface]], a [[Flexity Outlook (Toronto)|Flexity Outlook streetcar]], and a [[Toronto Rocket]] subway train
| owner = [[Municipal government of Toronto|City of Toronto]]
| area served = 
| locale = [[Toronto]], [[Mississauga]], [[Vaughan]], [[Markham, Ontario|Markham]]
| transit_type = {{hlist|[[Bus]]|[[rapid transit]]|[[Tram|streetcar]]}}
| lines = {{plainlist|
* [[Toronto subway|3 subway lines]]
* [[Toronto streetcar system#Routes|11 streetcar routes]]
* [[List of Toronto Transit Commission bus routes|160 bus routes]]
}}
| stations = {{plainlist|
* [[List of Toronto subway stations|70 subway stations]]
* 620 streetcar stops
* 8,640 bus stops
}}
| ridership = {{American transit ridership|ON Toronto TTC total daily}} ({{American transit ridership|dailydate}}){{American transit ridership|dailycitation}}
| annual_ridership = {{American transit ridership|ON Toronto TTC total annual}} ({{American transit ridership|annualdate}}){{American transit ridership|annualcitation}}
| key_people = {{plainlist|
* [[Jamaal Myers]] (chair)<ref name="TTC-Board">{{cite web |url=https://www.ttc.ca/en/about-the-ttc/the-board |title=The Board |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |access-date=August 11, 2023 }}</ref>
* Greg Percy (interim CEO)<ref name="TheStar-2024-09-06" />
}}
| headquarters = [[William McBrien Building]]<br />1900 [[Yonge Street]]<br />[[Toronto]], Ontario, Canada
| website = {{URL|http://ttc.ca/}}
| began_operation = {{start date and age|1921|09|01}}
| vehicles = 2,100 buses, [[Toronto subway rolling stock|848 rapid transit cars]], [[Toronto streetcar system rolling stock#Flexity Outlook|204 streetcars]], [[Wheel-Trans#Fleet|214 Wheel-Trans buses]]<ref>{{cite web |title=TTC Operating Statistics 2021 |url=https://www.ttc.ca/transparency-and-accountability/Operating-Statistics/Operating-Statistics---2021/Conventional-System |access-date=December 5, 2022 |website=ttc.ca |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission}}</ref>
| system_length = 
| track_gauge = {{plainlist|
*{{Track gauge|toronto|lk=on|al=on}} (subway, streetcar)
*{{Track gauge|standard|lk=on|al=on}} (future {{abbr|LRT|light rail transit}} lines)
}}
| map = 
| map_state = collapsed
}}
The '''Toronto Transit Commission''' ('''TTC''') is the primary [[public transport]] agency in [[Toronto]], Ontario, Canada, operating the majority of the city's [[transit bus|bus]] and rail services. It is the oldest and largest of the urban transit service providers in the [[Greater Toronto Area]], with numerous connections to [[Public transportation in Toronto|systems serving its surrounding municipalities]].

Established as the [[Toronto Transportation Commission]] in 1921, the TTC owns and operates [[Toronto subway|three rapid transit lines]] with [[List of Toronto subway stations|70 stations]], over 150 [[List of Toronto Transit Commission bus routes|bus routes]], and 9 [[Toronto streetcar system|streetcar lines]]. In {{American transit ridership|annualdate}}, the system had a ridership of {{American transit ridership|ON Toronto TTC total annual}}, or about {{American transit ridership|ON Toronto TTC total daily}} per weekday as of {{American transit ridership|dailydateasof}}. The TTC is the most heavily used [[Public transport in Canada|urban mass transit system in Canada]].

{{TOC limit|3}}

==History==
{{Main|History of the Toronto Transit Commission}}
{{See also|Toronto Transit Commission incidents}}
[[File:CNE Automotive Building TTC Exhibit 1936.jpg|thumb|left|Two buses used by the TTC, 1936. The left bus was used by the [[Gray Coach|agency's intercity bus line]], whereas the right was used for [[Toronto Transit Commission bus system|local bus routes]].]]
[[Public transportation in Toronto|Public transit in Toronto]] started in 1849 with a privately operated transit service. In later years, the city operated some routes, but in 1921 assumed control over all routes and formed the [[Toronto Transportation Commission]] to operate them. During this period, streetcars provided the bulk of the service. In 1954, the TTC adopted its present name, opened the first subway line, and greatly expanded its service area to cover the newly formed municipality of [[Metropolitan Toronto]] (which eventually [[Amalgamation of Toronto|amalgamated into the present City of Toronto]]). The system has evolved to feature a wide network of surface routes with the subway lines as the backbone. On February 17, 2008, the TTC made many service improvements, reversing more than a decade of service reductions and only minor improvements.<ref name="Sick Transit">{{cite news |last=Lakey |first=Jack |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2008/03/08/sick_transit_ttc_dirty_leaky_decaying.html |title=Sick transit: TTC dirty, leaky, decaying |date=March 8, 2008 |work=Toronto Star |access-date=December 27, 2014}}</ref>

In addition to buses, streetcars, and subways, the TTC also operated the [[Toronto Island ferries|Toronto Island ferry service]] from 1927 to 1962, when it was transferred to the Metro Parks and Culture department (now [[Toronto Parks, Forestry and Recreation Division|Toronto Parks, Forestry and Recreation]]). The TTC also operated a suburban and regional intercity bus operator, [[Gray Coach]] Lines, from 1927 to 1990. Gray Coach used interurban coaches to link Toronto to points throughout southern Ontario. In addition, Gray Coach operated tour buses in association with [[Gray Line Worldwide|Gray Line Tours]]. The main terminal was the [[Toronto Coach Terminal|Metropolitan Toronto Bus Terminal]] on Elizabeth Street north of Dundas Street, downtown. In 1954, Gray Coach expanded further when it acquired suburban routes from independent bus operators not merged with the TTC as it expanded to cover Metro Toronto. By the 1980s, Gray Coach faced fierce competition in the interurban service in the GTA. The TTC sold Gray Coach Lines in 1990 to [[Stagecoach Group|Stagecoach Holdings]], which split the operation between [[Greyhound Canada]] and the government of Ontario three years later.
[[File:The Red Rocket (1).jpg|thumb|The TTC's slogan, "Ride the Rocket", originates from the red-painted [[G series (Toronto subway)|G-series]] trains that were in service from 1954 to 1990.]]
The [[G series (Toronto subway)|Gloucester subway cars]], the first version of TTC subway cars, known as "red rockets" because of their bright red exterior, have been retired.  The current [[T series (Toronto subway)|T-series]] trains also have a red interior color scheme. The name lives on as the TTC uses the phrase to advertise the service, such as "Ride the Rocket" in advertising material, "Rocket" in the names of some express buses, and the new "[[Toronto Rocket]]" subway cars, which began revenue operation on July 21, 2011.<ref>{{cite news |last=Kalinowski |first=Tess |title=Toronto's new subway trains delayed |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/city_hall/2010/12/23/torontos_new_subway_trains_delayed.html |newspaper=Toronto Star |date=December 23, 2010 |access-date=December 27, 2014}}</ref> Another common slogan is "The Better Way".

===Finances===
The TTC recovered 69.6 percent of its operating costs from the fare box in 2017.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://coderedto.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/CodeRedTO_MixedSignals.pdf |title=Mixed Signals: Toronto Transit in a North American Context |website=CodeRedTO |page=39 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413025410/https://coderedto.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/CodeRedTO_MixedSignals.pdf |archive-date=April 13, 2019}}</ref> From its creation in 1921 until 1971, the TTC was self-supporting both for capital and operations (it had to pay property taxes until 1967). Through the [[Great Depression]] and [[World War II]], it accumulated reserves that allowed it to expand considerably after the war, both with subways and major steady growth of its bus services into the suburbs. It was not until 1971 that the [[Metropolitan Toronto|Metro Toronto government]] and the province started to provide operational funding, required primarily due to rising costs of delivering transit to low-density suburbs in Metro Toronto and large wage increases.{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}} Deficits and government funding soared throughout the 1970s and 1980s,<ref>TTC annual reports</ref> followed by service cuts and a period of ridership decline in the 1990s, partly attributable to recession.

In 1997, the [[Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario|Progressive Conservative]] government under Premier [[Mike Harris]] implemented the "[[Common Sense Revolution]]" which, among other things, cut {{CAD|42{{nbsp}}million|link=yes}} in provincial financing support for the [[Eglinton West line|Eglinton West subway line]], and cut $718{{nbsp}}million in municipal transit support, placing the entire burden of financing the system on municipalities and leaving the TTC with a $95.8{{nbsp}}million/year funding shortfall.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cielap.org/pdf/csr4.pdf |title=Ontario's Environment and the Common Sense Revolution: A Four Year Report |last=Winfield |first=Mark |date=September 1999 |website=Canadian Institute for Environmental Law and Policy |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190415051025/http://www.cielap.org/pdf/csr4.pdf |archive-date=April 15, 2019}}</ref> The TTC cut back service with a significant curtailment put into effect on February 18, 1996. Since then, the TTC has consistently been in financial difficulties. Service cuts were averted in 2007, though, when [[Toronto City Council]] voted to introduce new taxes to help pay for city services, including the TTC. As a result, since 2011, the TTC became the largest transit operator in [[Anglo-America]] not to receive provincial or state funding.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www3.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/Operating_Statistics/index.jsp |title=TTC Operating Statistics |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |access-date=September 19, 2011 |archive-date=October 3, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111003152836/http://www3.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/Operating_Statistics/index.jsp |url-status=dead }}</ref> The TTC has received federal funding for capital projects from as early as 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www3.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/Coupler/2008/Coupler_April_2008/Funding_agreement_arrives_by_Malvern_bus.jsp |title=TTC Operating Statistics |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |access-date=December 23, 2011 |archive-date=July 10, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710034846/http://www3.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/Coupler/2008/Coupler_April_2008/Funding_agreement_arrives_by_Malvern_bus.jsp |url-status=dead }}</ref> The TTC is also considered one of the costliest transit systems per fare price in North America.<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.blogto.com/city/2011/12/is_the_ttc_the_priciest_transit_system_in_north_america/ |title=Is the TTC the priciest transit system in North America? |website=Blogto.com |date=December 17, 2011 |access-date=February 19, 2012}}</ref> For the 2011 operating year, the TTC had a projected operating budget of $1.45{{nbsp}}billion. Revenue from fares covered approximately 70 percent of the budget, whereas the remaining 30 percent originated from the City. From 2009 through 2011, provincial and federal funding amounted to 0 percent of the budget.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.toronto.ca/budget2012/pdf/op12_an_ttc.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130925221547/http://www.toronto.ca/budget2012/pdf/op12_an_ttc.pdf |archive-date=September 25, 2013 |title=City Budget 2012: Toronto Transit Commission Operating Budget Analyst Notes |publisher=City of Toronto |date=November 28, 2011 |access-date=December 27, 2014}}</ref> In contrast to this, the [[Société de transport de Montréal]] receives approximately 10 percent of its operating budget from the Quebec provincial government,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stm.info/en-bref/budget2011.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101214062849/http://www.stm.info/en-bref/budget2011.pdf |archive-date=December 14, 2010 |title=Budget 2011 en bref |publisher=Société de transport de Montréal |page=7 |date=November 29, 2010 |access-date=December 27, 2014}}</ref> and [[OC Transpo]] receives 9 percent of its funding from the province.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://agendaminutes.calgary.ca/sirepub/cache/2/1mvtaf45i2suqxi5b1obsqyx/6457201112012081800189.PDF | title=Council and committee agendas, minutes and video}}{{dead link|date=June 2016|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> The fairness of preferentially funding transit in specific Canadian cities has been questioned by citizens.<ref>{{cite web |last=Dotan |first=Hamutal |url=http://torontoist.com/2011/12/unless-city-transfers-more-money-ttc-will-need-to-hike-fares-10-cents%E2%80%94every-year-for-the-next-four-years/ |title=Unless City Transfers More Money, TTC Will Need to Hike Fares 10 Cents—Every Year for the Next Four Years &#124; news |publisher=Torontoist |date=December 11, 2011 |access-date=February 19, 2012 |archive-date=September 26, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130926123413/http://torontoist.com/2011/12/unless-city-transfers-more-money-ttc-will-need-to-hike-fares-10-cents%E2%80%94every-year-for-the-next-four-years/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

On August 12, 2020, the Province of Ontario promised $404{{Nbsp}}million for TTC operations to compensate for reduced ridership and revenue loss during the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], with more funding to come later. The TTC projected a shortfall of $700{{Nbsp}}million in 2020.<ref name="TheStar-2020-08-12">{{cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2020/08/12/the-ttc-will-get-400-million-emergency-bailout-province-says.html |title=The TTC will get $400 million emergency bailout, province says |newspaper=[[Toronto Star]] |first=Ben |last=Spurr |date=August 12, 2020 |access-date=August 12, 2020}}</ref>

==Operations==
===Buses===
{{Main|Toronto Transit Commission bus system|List of Toronto Transit Commission bus routes}}
[[File:Ttc-300B-pearson.jpg|left|thumb|A passenger boards an [[Orion VII]] [[Toronto Transit Commission bus system|bus owned and operated by the TTC]] in Toronto Pearson International Airport. The TTC operates the third-largest fleet of buses in North America.]]
Buses are a large part of TTC operations today. However, before about 1960, they played a minor role compared to streetcars. Buses began to operate in the city in 1921, and became necessary for areas without streetcar service. After an earlier experiment in the 1920s, [[Trolleybus|trolley buses]] were used on a number of routes starting in 1947, but all trolley bus routes were converted to bus operation between 1991 and 1993. The TTC always used the term "trolley coach" to refer to its trackless electric vehicles. Hundreds of old buses have been replaced with the low-floor Orion VII, and the TTC has acquired many [[hybrid electric bus]]es. The TTC's hybrid buses were first put on the road in 2006;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ttc.ca/postings/gso-comrpt/documents/minute/f213/1896M-April_23-08.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110807055728/http://www.ttc.ca/postings/gso-comrpt/documents/minute/f213/1896M-April_23-08.pdf |archive-date=August 7, 2011 |title=TTC Commission Meetings |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |access-date=December 27, 2014}}</ref> these were followed by the newer 500 [[Orion Bus Industries|Orion]] VII Next Generation Hybrids in 2008.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2008/10/18/ttc_going_diesel_again_after_hybrid_bus_glitch.html |work=Toronto Star |first=Tess |last=Kalinowski |title=TTC going diesel again after hybrid bus glitch |date=October 18, 2008 |access-date=December 27, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=TTC Funding agreement arrives by Malvern bus |url=http://www3.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/Coupler/2008/Coupler_April_2008/Funding_agreement_arrives_by_Malvern_bus.jsp |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |date=April 2008 |access-date=February 19, 2012 |archive-date=June 8, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120608161820/http://ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/Coupler/2008/Coupler_April_2008/Funding_agreement_arrives_by_Malvern_bus.jsp |url-status=dead }}</ref> A new order brought the total number of hybrids to over 500, second only to [[New York City]]. Older TTC Orion VIIs from 2001 to 2006 feature the standard "breadbox" style, whereas newer buses, from 2007 onwards, feature Orion's new, more stylish body.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.orionbus.com/orion/0-867-1232394-1-1234917-1-0-0-0-0-1-10595-584008-0-0-0-0-0-0-0.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120710094044/http://www.orionbus.com/orion/0-867-1232394-1-1234917-1-0-0-0-0-1-10595-584008-0-0-0-0-0-0-0.html |archive-date=July 10, 2012 |title=Orion International – ProductsOrion VII |publisher=Orion International |access-date=December 27, 2014}}</ref> With a total of 2,031 buses, the TTC is the third-largest transit bus operator in North America, behind the [[Metropolitan Transportation Authority]] in New York City (more than 5,600) and the [[Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority]] (2,911).

The TTC also runs [[Wheel-Trans]], a [[paratransit]] service for the physically disabled with special low-floor buses designed to accommodate wheelchairs and to make boarding easier for ambulatory customers with limited mobility.

The TTC ordered 153 Nova LFS Artic articulated buses with all newly ordered buses in service by January 2015.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kitching |first1=Chris |title=TTC rolls out articulated buses on 7 Bathurst route |url=http://www.cp24.com/news/ttc-rolls-out-articulated-buses-on-7-bathurst-route-1.1601984 |work=[[CP24]] |access-date=July 12, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Hall |first1=Diana |title=Five things to know about the TTC's new 'bendy' buses hitting the road this winter |url=http://news.nationalpost.com/2013/10/03/five-things-to-know-about-the-ttcs-new-bendy-buses-hitting-the-road-this-winter/ |work=[[National Post]] |access-date=July 12, 2014}}</ref> At {{convert|60|ft|m|order=flip}} long, the Nova LFS Artics hold about 112 passengers, compared with 65 on a standard {{convert|40|ft|m|order=flip|adj=on}} bus.<ref name="New TTC Buses 02 January 2013">{{cite web |last=Kalinowski |first=Tess |title=No new lines, but some GTA transit improvements on track this year |date=January 2, 2013 |work=Toronto Star |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/city_hall/2013/01/02/no_new_lines_but_some_gta_transit_improvements_on_track_this_year.html |access-date=December 27, 2014}}</ref>

Newer TTC buses have [[USB-A]] ports for passengers to charge their mobile devices.<ref>https://www.blogto.com/tech/2018/07/ttc-new-bus-usb-toronto/</ref>

===Subway===
{{Main|Toronto subway}}
[[File:Museum TTC 20806772132.jpg|thumb|A [[Toronto Rocket]] subway train arrives at [[Museum station (Toronto)|Museum station]]. The station is one of 70 operated along three different subway lines.]]
The Toronto subway system consists of three lines:

* [[Line 1 Yonge–University]]: Canada's first subway line.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 23, 2017 |title=Canada's First Subway |url=https://www.toronto.ca/explore-enjoy/history-art-culture/online-exhibits/web-exhibits/web-exhibits-transportation/canadas-first-subway/ |access-date=September 5, 2023 |website=City of Toronto |language=en-CA}}</ref> A U-shaped mostly north–south line that opened in 1954 and was last extended in 2017.
* [[Line 2 Bloor–Danforth]]: An east–west line that opened in 1966 and was last extended in 1980.
* [[Line 4 Sheppard]]: An east–west line that opened in 2002.

From 1985 until 2023, [[Line 3 Scarborough]], a partly elevated [[Medium-capacity rail system|light metro]] line served the district of [[Scarborough, Ontario|Scarborough]].

The three subway lines are served by 678 cars grouped in trains of four cars on Line 4 Sheppard, and six cars on Line 1 Yonge–University and Line 2 Bloor–Danforth. The three subway lines share [[non-revenue track]] connections and use the same technology. The rolling stock in use consists of the [[Toronto Rocket|Toronto Rocket trains]] on Lines 1 and 4 and the [[T series (Toronto subway)|T-series trains]] on Line 2. Line 3 Scarborough had a fleet of 28 [[S series (Toronto subway)|S-series cars]] grouped into trains of four cars each and was not compatible with other subway lines, given that the S-series cars used {{Track gauge|1435mm|allk=on}}. It shared no track connections or equipment. Due to the increasing difficulty of performing critical maintenance work on the S-series trains, the existing Line 3 Scarborough service was initially scheduled to be decommissioned permanently in November 2023; instead, the line closed four months ahead of schedule after a derailment on July 24, 2023. The line has been replaced by TTC bus service until the Line 2 Scarborough subway extension to Sheppard and McCowan opens for revenue service in 2030 at the earliest.<ref>{{cite web |title=The future of TTC's Line 3 Scarborough (SRT) |url=https://www.ttc.ca/about-the-ttc/projects-and-plans/Future-of-Line-3-Scarborough |access-date=April 30, 2022 |publisher=TTC}}</ref>

All subway lines provide service seven days a week from approximately 5:45&nbsp;a.m. to 1:30&nbsp;a.m. the following day (last train runs at approximately 1:45&nbsp;a.m. in each direction) except for Sundays, when start of service is delayed until approximately 8:00&nbsp;a.m. During the overnight periods, the subway and its stations are closed to enable maintenance at track level and in the stations themselves. Overnight service is provided by buses and streetcars operating above ground. These overnight routes are issued numbers in the 300-series and are referred to as [[Blue Night Network|Blue Night]] routes, indicated by a typical TTC bus stop sign with a blue band added.

====Projects under construction====
[[File:Science Centre station main entrance (2020-06).jpg|thumb|[[Line 5 Eglinton]]'s [[Don Valley station]] under construction in 2020]]
[[Line 5 Eglinton]], which uses light rail vehicles, is under construction.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Westoll |first=Nick |date=2024-10-02 |title=Toronto LRT woes: Finch West lawsuit underway, Eglinton Crosstown won't open before 2025 |url=https://toronto.citynews.ca/2024/10/01/toronto-finch-west-eglinton-crosstown-lrt-projects-update/ |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=CityNews Toronto |language=en}}</ref> It will run underground in the central part of the line from west of Keele Street to Laird Drive, with most of the remainder of the route travelling at grade, though [[Don Valley station]] will be underground. The full first phase of the route will span {{convert|19|km}} across the city, from {{stl|TTC|Mount Dennis}} in York to Kennedy station in Scarborough.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Ontario Reaches Major Milestone on Eglinton Crosstown LRT Construction|work=news.ontario.ca|url=https://news.ontario.ca/mto/en/2017/08/ontario-reaches-major-milestone-on-eglinton-crosstown-lrt-construction.html|access-date=November 30, 2017}}</ref>

[[Line 6 Finch West]] is an {{Convert|11|km|adj=on}}, 18-stop light rail line under construction,<ref>{{cite web|title=Metrolinx: For a Greater Region - Finch West LRT|url=http://www.metrolinx.com/en/greaterregion/projects/finchwest-lrt.aspx|access-date=July 22, 2019|website=www.metrolinx.com}}</ref> extending west in a dedicated right-of-way lane from Finch West station on Line 1 Yonge–University to [[Humber Polytechnic|Humber Polytechnic's North Campus]] in Etobicoke. The line is forecast to provide approximately 14.6{{nbsp}}million rides a year, or 40,000 a day, by 2031. It has an estimated cost of $1.2{{nbsp}}billion.

The [[Ontario Line]], which is a [[rapid transit]] line and successor to the [[Relief Line (Toronto)|Relief Line]], is expected to be completed by 2030. The Ontario government estimates the line's cost at $10.9{{Nbsp}}billion for the {{Convert|15|km||abbr=|adj=on}} stretch from [[Ontario Place]] to [[Don Mills Road]]<!--Don't bypass redirect per [[WP:NOTBROKEN]]--> and [[Eglinton Avenue]] East at [[Don Valley station]] (part of the under-construction Line 5). It is the largest single expansion in Toronto subway history.<ref name="Ontario Government Lines Up New Toronto Transit Plan">{{cite web |title=Ontario Government Lines Up New Toronto Transit Plan |url=https://urbantoronto.ca/news/2019/04/ontario-government-lines-new-toronto-transit-plan |access-date=July 22, 2019 |website=Urban Toronto}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=March 27, 2022 |title=Ford, Tory break ground on new Ontario Line, promise support to impacted businesses |url=https://toronto.ctvnews.ca/ford-tory-break-ground-on-new-ontario-line-promise-support-to-impacted-businesses-1.5836568 |access-date=March 27, 2022 |website=Toronto |language=en}}</ref>

The [[Line 2 Bloor–Danforth]] extension is a {{Convert|7.8|km|adj=on}} subway extension, which will continue Line 2 east towards [[McCowan Road]] and north towards [[Scarborough City Centre]] and to a new terminal at the intersection of McCowan Road and [[Sheppard Avenue]]. The $5.5-billion extension will replace the defunct [[Line 3 Scarborough]] and is expected to be complete in 2030 at the earliest.<ref name="Ontario Government Lines Up New Toronto Transit Plan" />

The Eglinton Crosstown West extension will extend the under-construction Line 5 Eglinton west to [[Renforth station]] and [[Toronto Pearson International Airport|Pearson International Airport]] by 2030 or 2031 and will be mostly underground. The line will travel through all six of Toronto's districts that were [[Amalgamation of Toronto|amalgamated in 1998]] and bring the subway to [[Mississauga]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Eglinton Crosstown West Extension|url=http://www.metrolinx.com/en/greaterregion/projects/eglinton-crosstown-west.aspx|access-date=June 8, 2020}}</ref>

====Future plans====
There is currently one priority TTC expansion plan:<ref>{{cite web|title=Transit expansion in the Greater Toronto Area|url=https://www.ontario.ca/page/transit-expansion-greater-toronto-area|access-date=July 27, 2020|website=Government of Ontario}}</ref>

* The Yonge North subway extension is an extension of Line 1 Yonge–University proposed by the government of Ontario, nearly identical to the existing planned Yonge Subway Extension proposed by the City of Toronto, Metrolinx, and York Region. It would extend Line 1 into [[Richmond Hill, Ontario|Richmond Hill]] in [[Regional Municipality of York|York Region]]. The {{Convert|7.4|km||adj=on}} line would travel north from [[Finch station]] to [[Richmond Hill Centre Terminal]] at [[Ontario Highway 7|Highway 7]] and [[Yonge Street]]. The estimated cost for the project is $5.4{{nbsp}}billion, and it is projected to open after the [[Ontario Line]] has been completed.<ref name="Ontario Government Lines Up New Toronto Transit Plan" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Yonge Subway Extension|url=http://www.vivanext.com/project_YongeSubway|access-date=July 22, 2019|website=vivaNext}}</ref>

Previous plans called for a second, eastward extension of Line 5 to the [[University of Toronto Scarborough]] campus,<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 28, 2021 |title=Eglinton East Light Rail Transit |url=https://www.toronto.ca/services-payments/streets-parking-transportation/transit-in-toronto/transit-expansion/eglinton-crosstown-and-proposed-extensions/eglinton-east-lrt/ |access-date=August 18, 2022 |website=City of Toronto |language=en-CA}}</ref> though this has since been replaced with plans for a separate [[Eglinton East LRT]] (EELRT), formerly known as the Scarborough Malvern LRT.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.toronto.ca/community-people/get-involved/public-consultations/infrastructure-projects/eglinton-east-light-rail-transit/|title=Eglinton East Light Rail Transit|date=May 12, 2023 |publisher=Coty of Toronto|access-date=May 24, 2024}}</ref>

Metrolinx is studying an extension of [[Line 4 Sheppard]], to replace the former [[Sheppard East LRT]] project, which would likely connect with the Line 2 Bloor–Danforth extension at McCowan Road and Sheppard Avenue.

===Streetcars===
[[File:512 ROW at Avenue.jpg|thumb|A [[Canadian Light Rail Vehicle|CLRV]] serving the [[512 St. Clair]] streetcar route departs eastbound from [[Avenue Road, Toronto|Avenue Road]] toward [[St. Clair station]] along its private right-of-way along [[St. Clair Avenue]] in 2008.]]
[[File:New Flexity LR vehicles approach Spadina and King, 2016 07 21 (16).JPG - panoramio.jpg|thumb|An [[Articulated Light Rail Vehicle|ALRV]]<!--Don't bypass redirect per [[WP:NOTBROKEN]]--> (left) and [[Flexity Outlook (Toronto)|Flexity Outlook]] (right) at Spadina Avenue and King Street in 2016]]
{{Main|Toronto streetcar system}}
Toronto's streetcar system is one of the few in North America still operating along street-running tracks. It has been operating since the mid-19th century. [[Horsecar]] service started in 1861, and 600 V DC overhead electric service began in 1892. New TTC routes since the 1940s have generally been operated by other modes of transportation, and the less busy streetcar routes have also been converted. Streetcar routes are now focused on the downtown area, although two run farther from the core: one being on [[St. Clair Avenue]], {{convert|6|km}} from [[Lake Ontario]] on average, served by the 512 St. Clair streetcar route, and another on [[Lake Shore Boulevard]] (the western portion of 501 Queen), which runs through the [[Etobicoke]] district nearly to the city limits with [[Mississauga]] at [[Etobicoke Creek]] in [[Long Branch Loop|Long Branch]].

Up until 1995, the TTC operated a fleet of 765 [[Presidents' Conference Committee (Toronto streetcar)|PCC-type streetcars]], 540 of which it purchased new. The rest were purchased as other cities sold their PCC streetcar fleets.

From 1987 until September 2019, the TTC operated two-car [[Articulated Light Rail Vehicle]]<!--Don't bypass redirect per [[WP:NOTBROKEN]]--> (ALRV) streetcars, a longer version of the [[Canadian Light Rail Vehicle]] (CLRV) streetcars.

Following the retirement of the TTC's CLRV streetcars on December 29, 2019, the entire TTC streetcar fleet consists of the low-floor [[Flexity Outlook (Toronto)|Flexity Outlook]] vehicles from [[Bombardier Transportation]], the first of which entered service on the [[510 Spadina]] route on August 31, 2014.<ref name="ttc.ca">{{cite web |url=http://www.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/Projects_and_initiatives/New_Streetcars/index.jsp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025130746/http://www.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/Projects_and_initiatives/New_Streetcars/index.jsp |archive-date=October 25, 2012 |title=New Streetcars: Meet your new ride |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |date=September 2012 |access-date=December 27, 2014}}</ref>

==Services==
===Fares===
{{Main|Toronto Transit Commission fares}}
[[File:Toronto Transit Commission Token-2007.jpg|thumb|right|Legacy fare media, such as the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) single-ride token (showing the obverse and reverse), are being phased out in favour of [[Presto card|Presto]] fare media; tokens will no longer be accepted after June 1, 2025.]]
Since March 1, 2015, children 12 and under have been able to ride the TTC for free year-round. As of August 15, 2023, the TTC's fare payment system consists of cash fares, [[Presto card]]s and Presto tickets. Customers also have the option to pay the equivalent of the adult single-ride TTC Presto card fare prices by tapping a contactless credit or debit card on TTC Presto fare readers. Although legacy fare media products, such as concession tickets (for youths ages 13 to 19 and seniors 65 or older), tokens, and physical day passes (including weekend family and group day passes) are no longer available for the general public to purchase from the TTC, they are still accepted as valid fare payments, but only until June 1, 2025.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.ttc.ca/news/2024/October/TTC-announces-final-day-to-use-old-TTC-tickets | title=TTC announces final day to use old TTC tickets, tokens, and day passes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.cp24.com/local/toronto/2024/12/04/deadline-to-use-ttc-tickets-tokens-day-passes-extended-until-june-2025/ | title=Deadline to use TTC tickets, tokens, day passes extended until June 2025 | date=December 4, 2024 }}</ref> As of January 1, 2019, TTC monthly passes and the 12-month pass are only available on Presto, following the phase-out of the TTC's own monthly Metropass and the Metropass discount plan (MDP). Since April 3, 2023, the adult cash fare and single-ride Presto tickets has been $3.35 for a single trip.<ref name="apr2023fares">{{cite web |url=https://www.ttc.ca/riding-the-ttc/Updates/New-TTC-fares |title=New TTC fares coming April 3, 2023 |publisher=TTC |access-date=April 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404115546/https://www.ttc.ca/riding-the-ttc/Updates/New-TTC-fares |archive-date=April 4, 2023}}</ref><ref name="CityNews-Fare">{{cite news |title=TTC approves 10 cent fare hike |url=https://toronto.citynews.ca/2011/12/14/ttc-approves-10-cent-fare-hike/ |work=[[CityNews]] |date=December 14, 2011 |access-date=February 19, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/city_hall/2011/12/14/ttc_approves_10cent_fare_hike.html |work=Toronto Star |first=Paul |last=Moloney |title=TTC approves 10-cent fare hike |date=December 27, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ttc.ca/Fares_and_passes/Fare_information/2017_TTC_Budget.jsp |title=2017 TTC Fare Increase |website=ttc.ca |access-date=December 30, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170103003231/http://ttc.ca/Fares_and_passes/Fare_information/2017_TTC_Budget.jsp |archive-date=January 3, 2017 }}</ref> Since April 3, 2023, the cost of adult single fares using a Presto card has been $3.30.<ref name="apr2023fares" /> The Fair Pass program allows those eligible for the [[Ontario Disability Support Program]] (ODSP) or [[Ontario Works]]<!--Don't bypass redirect per [[WP:NOTBROKEN]]--> to receive a discount when using a Presto card.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ttc.ca/Fares_and_passes/Passes/Fair_Pass_Discount_Program.jsp |title=The City of Toronto's Fair Pass Discount Program |website=www.ttc.ca |access-date=April 13, 2019 |archive-date=May 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200519170840/http://www.ttc.ca/Fares_and_passes/Passes/Fair_Pass_Discount_Program.jsp |url-status=dead }}</ref>

[[File:Victoria Park Station 49.jpg|thumb|Paddle-style fare gates at Toronto subway stations are equipped with [[Presto card|Presto]] readers, as seen in [[Victoria Park station (Toronto)|Victoria Park station]].]]
The Presto card is an electronic unified [[contactless smart card]]–based fare payment system, owned and managed by [[Metrolinx]], for use across the TTC transit network, along with several other transit service providers throughout the [[Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area]] (GTHA) including the Metrolinx-owned [[GO Transit]], [[Union Pearson Express]] services and on [[OC Transpo]] in [[Ottawa]]. The TTC also provides limited-use paper Presto tickets, mainly for occasional riders, which come in 1-ride, 2-ride and day pass varieties. Users tap their Presto card or ticket on a Presto reader as they enter a TTC station or vehicle. Either their fare is automatically paid through stored value, verifies if the Presto user has a valid TTC transit pass on it, or validates the TTC's two-hour Presto transfer. Their card or ticket then acts as [[proof-of-payment]] (POP) to present to TTC staff such as fare inspectors, who carry hand-held devices to verify Presto fare payments, upon request. {{As of|2018|06|df=US}}, Presto readers are available at the entrances of all subway stations and on all buses and streetcars.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=Presto Fare System |url=https://ttc.ca/Fares_and_passes/Fare_information/Presto_Fare_System/index.jsp |website=ttc.ca |access-date=September 21, 2016 |date=September 21, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160919153821/http://ttc.ca/Fares_and_passes/Fare_information/Presto_Fare_System/index.jsp |archive-date=September 19, 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://globalnews.ca/news/3146526/presto-fare-card-system-now-operating-across-the-ttc/ |title=Presto fare card system now operating across the TTC |website=Globalnews.ca |access-date=December 30, 2017}}</ref>

Unlike the Presto card, Presto tickets can only be used on TTC services (subway and surface vehicles within the City of Toronto). They are not reloadable and cannot be used on any other transit service providers that use Presto.

===Schedules and route information===
On December 15, 2008, the TTC launched a new next vehicle arrival system (NVAS)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www3.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/Projects_and_initiatives/Customer_Information_Initiatives/Next_vehicle_information_system/index.jsp |title=TTC Next Vehicle Information System |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090408024251/http://www3.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/Projects_and_initiatives/Customer_Information_Initiatives/Next_vehicle_information_system/index.jsp |archive-date=April 8, 2009 |access-date=December 27, 2014}}</ref> to indicate the time of arrival of the next vehicle along a given route. All TTC streetcars have been upgraded with [[Global Positioning System]] (GPS) receivers and now operate with NVIS.

Real-time route information can be accessed from the NVAS from the City of [[Toronto Open Data]] initiative via [[SMS]] by texting the stop number displayed on the bus/streetcar stop pole, or with an app that uses NVAS data.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ttc.ca/Riding_the_TTC/Stay_Informed/index.jsp |title=Stay Informed |website=ttc.ca |access-date=April 13, 2019 |archive-date=April 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414190548/http://www2.ttc.ca/Riding_the_TTC/Stay_Informed/index.jsp |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Route information can also be accessed by phone. Individual route schedules are available online.

Additional TTC information is circulated by "What's On" and "Rocket Rider / TTC Customer News" pamphlets on some vehicles. Information can be accessed in person at the [[William McBrien Building|TTC head office]] ([[Davisville station]] at 1900 Yonge Street), as well as at a TTC Info Centre, which opened in 2018, at [[Union station (TTC)|Union station]]. [[Twitter]]<!--Please don't mention its new name of X--> users can communicate with TTCHelps for inquiries.<ref>{{Cite Twitter profile|TTCHelps}}</ref>

[[File:TTCStreetcarShelter.jpg|thumb|left|Some TTC shelters are equipped with displays that show when the next bus or streetcar will arrive, such as this one for [[501 Queen]].]]
Most subway stations are equipped with OneStop media screens that display the time until the next train, and other information. The next vehicle feature is available on LCD screens in all stations. Since mid-2011, all buses and streetcars have had the tracking feature enabled, accessible free online and by SMS for commuters.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.nationalpost.com/2011/07/11/nextbus-lets-ttc-riders-track-buses-by-gps/ |title=Updated: NextBus lets TTC riders track buses by GPS |first=Aileen |last=Donnelly |work=National Post |date=July 11, 2011 |access-date=December 27, 2014}}</ref>

On February 3, 2010, the TTC launched an online trip planner, which allows commuters to plan their routes and transfers on the TTC's website. However, since its launch, the trip planner has remained in beta mode with many bugs remaining to be fixed.<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www.ttc.ca/News/2010/February/02_02_Trip_Planner.jsp |title=A new way to plan your TTC trip&nbsp;— User feedback sought as TTC unveils beta trip planner |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |date=February 2, 2010 |access-date=January 28, 2015 |archive-date=January 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117231313/http://www.ttc.ca/News/2010/February/02_02_Trip_Planner.jsp |url-status=dead }}</ref> In October 2010, the TTC integrated its trip planner with [[Google Maps]].<ref name="Google">{{cite press release |title=Google Transit adds TTC to trip planning feature |url=https://www.ttc.ca/News/2010/October/Oct_12_google_Open_data.jsp |date=October 12, 2010 |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |access-date=January 28, 2015 |archive-date=January 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126153655/http://www.ttc.ca/News/2010/October/Oct_12_google_Open_data.jsp |url-status=dead }}</ref> Transit information in Toronto has been available in [[Apple Maps]] since the release of [[iOS 9]] in September 2015, when [[Apple Inc.]] first launched support for public transit data.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ilounge.com/index.php/articles/comments/a-first-look-at-ios-9s-transit-in-apple-maps |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150808085814/http://www.ilounge.com/index.php/articles/comments/a-first-look-at-ios-9s-transit-in-apple-maps |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 8, 2015 |title=A First Look at iOS 9's Transit in Apple Maps (Updated for watchOS 2) |website=Ilounge.com |date=August 11, 2015 |access-date=December 30, 2017 }}</ref>

===Connecting transit===
====Connecting GTA transit agencies====
[[File:Union Station, Toronto (30427373561).jpg|thumb|[[Union Station (Toronto)|Union Station]] serves as an intermodal transportation hub for Toronto. TTC passengers may connect to intercity bus and rail services at this station.]]
The TTC connects with other transit systems of the [[Greater Toronto Area]]. [[GO Transit]], [[Union Pearson Express]], [[MiWay]], [[York Region Transit]] (YRT), [[Brampton Transit]], and [[Durham Region Transit]] (DRT) are connected to the TTC via some of Toronto's subway stations, GO Transit's commuter rail stations, and other hubs like [[Toronto Pearson International Airport]]. In addition to Union Station, there are 6 other stations where the TTC subway network and GO Transit commuter rail lines intersect.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://transittoronto.ca/regional/2108.shtml |website=Transit Toronto |access-date=July 5, 2017 |title=GO Train/Toronto Subway Connections Current and Proposed |last=Bow |first=James}}</ref>

Some bus routes of the surrounding local transit agencies run on Toronto streets along with TTC buses, mainly to reach TTC subway stations. Examples of this include YRT buses travelling on Yonge Street en route to [[Finch Bus Terminal]], MiWay buses travelling on various streets in Etobicoke en route to [[Kipling Bus Terminal]]<!--Don't bypass redirect per [[WP:NOTBROKEN]]--> and DRT buses travelling on various streets in Scarborough en route to [[Scarborough Centre station]]. However, by law, other local transit agencies are prohibited from carrying passengers wholly within the City of Toronto. Therefore, YRT, DRT and MiWay buses can only drop off passengers inbound and pick up passengers outbound while within the boundaries of Toronto.

Originally, there were no free or discounted transfers between suburban agencies (which still have separate fare structures) and the TTC. But on February 26, 2024, Ontario's One Fare Program, a GTA-wide fare integration program allowing free or discounted transfers between the TTC and other GTA transit systems (within either a two-hour or three-hour window), was implemented.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ontario rolling out GTA-wide transit fare integration on Feb. 26 |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/fare-integration-gta-ttc-go-1.7105022 |website=CBC News |access-date=February 27, 2024 |date=February 6, 2024}}</ref> However, the policy only applies to fare payments made with Presto, credit, or debit card; customers paying with cash are ineligible to receive free or discounted transfers and are still required to pay a double fare.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ttc.ca/riding-the-ttc/Updates/One-Fare-Program |title=Ontario's One Fare Program: Frequently Asked Questions |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |access-date=February 27, 2024}}</ref>

====Connecting inter-city transit agencies====
[[Via Rail]] and [[Amtrak]] connect with the TTC at [[Union Station (Toronto)|Union Station]], while [[Ontario Northland Motor Coach Services|Ontario Northland]], [[Megabus (North America)|Megabus]], [[TOK Coachlines]] and US-bound [[Greyhound Lines|Greyhound]] intercity coaches connect with the TTC at the [[Union Station Bus Terminal|Union Station]], [[Scarborough Centre Bus Terminal|Scarborough Centre]], {{stl|TTC|Highway 407}}, and [[Yorkdale Bus Terminal|Yorkdale]] bus terminals.

===Cellular and Wi-Fi connectivity===
The communication system used by surface vehicles is called the Communications and Information System.<ref>{{cite conference |last1=Catton |first1=F. D. |last2=Berney |first2=L. G. |date=1980 |title=Toronto Transit Commission communications and information system evaluation of operationa tests |book-title=30th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference |conference=VTC30 |pages=352–556 |doi=10.1109/VTC.1980.1622833}}</ref><ref name="TTC procurement authorization amendment&nbsp;— CIS">{{cite web |url=http://mobile.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/Commission_reports_and_information/Commission_meetings/2013/April_24/Reports/PAA_-_Communications.pdf |title=PROCUREMENT AUTHORIZATION AMENDMENT – COMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION SYSTEM (CIS) CELLULAR SERVICES |date=April 24, 2013 |access-date=April 10, 2015 |archive-date=September 4, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904024556/http://mobile.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/Commission_reports_and_information/Commission_meetings/2013/April_24/Reports/PAA_-_Communications.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> It was piloted in the 1970s, implemented in 1991, and is now deployed on all TTC surface vehicles.

==== Subway wireless services ====
{{Main|Toronto subway#Internet and mobile phone access}}
The TTC has provided Wi-Fi through its TConnect service since 2013.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news |date=23 December 2024 |title=Free Wi-Fi on TTC subway platforms shutting down on Friday |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/ttc-free-wifi-ending-subway-platforms-1.7417761 |work=CBC}}</ref>

In August 2023, [[Rogers Communications|Rogers]] implemented 5G wireless service at all the TTC's downtown stations and within the tunnels between them.<ref name="TheStar-2023-09-11" />

In September 2023, the federal government imposed new licence conditions requiring that cellphone and data services be available on the entire subway network by the end of 2026 and that all mobile wireless carriers, including Telus and Bell, have access to it.<ref name="TheStar-2023-09-11">{{cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com/business/rogers-ordered-to-open-ttc-wireless-network-to-all-carriers-minister/article_4d7ac86f-fd46-51b7-9f07-6a217cea666e.html |title=Rogers ordered to open TTC wireless network to all carriers: Minister |newspaper=[[Toronto Star]] |date=September 11, 2023 }}</ref>

<!--Don't mention any corporate disputes among carriers in this article as they are irrelevant. Stick to what services are provided, when they began and who provides the services.-->{{as of|2023|9}}, all downtown subway stations and some west-end stations, as well as the tunnels connecting them, have Rogers 5G wireless service. The service is available to customers of Rogers and [[Freedom Mobile]]; however, customers of other carriers (such as [[Bell Canada|Bell]] and Telus) can make 911 calls.<ref name="TheStar-2023-09-11" /> 5G wireless service is available between Bloor–Yonge and Dupont stations on Line 1, and between Castle Frank and Keele stations on Line 2.<ref name="TTC-2023-08-23">{{cite web |url=https://www.ttc.ca/news/2023/August/TTC-welcomes-subway-5G-service-and-more-stable-911-calling |title=TTC welcomes subway 5G service and more stable 9-1-1 calling, looks forward to system-wide rollout |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |date=August 23, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915211832/https://www.ttc.ca/news/2023/August/TTC-welcomes-subway-5G-service-and-more-stable-911-calling | archive-date=September 15, 2023 |url-status=live }}</ref> The stations and tunnels between [[Vaughan Metropolitan Centre station]] and [[Sheppard West station]] on Line 1 have a non-5G service.<!-- These stations were not mentioned in the 5G rollout. --><ref name="FM">{{cite web |url=https://www.freedommobile.ca/en-CA/transit-coverage/toronto |title=Toronto Subway & Tunnel Service |publisher=[[Freedom Mobile]] |work=freedommobile.ca |access-date=September 15, 2023}}</ref>

In December 2024, the TTC said that the service would be discontinued on December 27, 2024, due to low usage.<ref name=":3" />

===Accessibility===
{{Main|Toronto Transit Commission accessibility}}
[[File:TTCSubwaySeats3.jpg|thumb|left|The accessible area on a [[Toronto Rocket]] subway train features automatic [[folding seat]]s.]]

The [[Wheel-Trans]] door-to-door service has been available since the mid-1970s. Since the 1990s, the TTC has focused on providing accessible services on conventional bus routes, the RT and subway. 56 of the 75 stations on Lines 1, 2, and 3 are wheel-chair accessible are equipped with elevators, and all stations on Line 4 are fully accessible. In December 2011, all bus routes became accessible with the retirement of the commission's last inaccessible buses.<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www.ttc.ca/News/2011/December/1220_All_170_Bus_Routes_Accessible.jsp |title=TTC All 170 TTC bus routes now accessible |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |date=December 20, 2011 |access-date=December 27, 2014 |archive-date=January 26, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190126094009/http://www.ttc.ca/News/2011/December/1220_All_170_Bus_Routes_Accessible.jsp |url-status=dead }}</ref> On August 31, 2014, the commission launched its new fleet of low-floor [[Bombardier Transportation|Bombardier's]] [[Flexity Outlook (Toronto)|Flexity Outlook]] streetcars. With the decommissioning of the last of the commission's CLRV vehicles on December 29, 2019, all TTC streetcar routes are now served by low-floor Flexity vehicles.<ref name="TTC-2019-12-27">{{cite web |url=http://www.ttc.ca/News/2019/December/27_12_19MA_CLRV.jsp |title=Legacy TTC streetcars to make final trip down Queen street |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |date=December 27, 2019 |access-date=December 29, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191229222732/http://www.ttc.ca/News/2019/December/27_12_19MA_CLRV.jsp | archive-date=December 29, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>

As per ''[[Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act, 2005|Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act]]'' (AODA) guidelines, all surface vehicles and subway trains have been equipped with the on-board Automatic Next Stop Announcement System since February 2008. It operates over speakers indicating the next stop. A digital orange LED [[destination sign]] on streetcars and buses as well as the [[Toronto Rocket]] subway trains display the name of the upcoming streets/stations as the vehicle progresses on its route.<ref>{{cite web|title=Riding the Bus|url=https://www.ttc.ca/TTC_Accessibility/Easier_access_on_the_TTC/Riding_the_bus.jsp|access-date=February 17, 2021|website=www.ttc.ca|language=en|archive-date=April 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414190939/http://www2.ttc.ca/TTC_Accessibility/Easier_access_on_the_TTC/Riding_the_bus.jsp|url-status=dead}}</ref>

All TTC revenue service vehicles are equipped with external speakers that play automated announcements of the route and destination of vehicle travel.<ref>{{cite web|title=Riding the Streetcar|url=https://www.ttc.ca/TTC_Accessibility/Easier_access_on_the_TTC/Riding_the_streetcar.jsp|access-date=February 17, 2021|website=www.ttc.ca|language=en|archive-date=November 23, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151123212122/http://ttc.ca/TTC_Accessibility/Easier_access_on_the_TTC/Riding_the_streetcar.jsp|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Infrastructure==
{{See also|Toronto subway trackage}}

===Stations, stops and terminals===
{{Further|List of Toronto subway stations|Toronto streetcar system loops}}
[[File:Union TTC streetcar station.jpg|thumb|[[Canadian Light Rail Vehicle|CLRV]] streetcar underground on the [[Union station (TTC)|Union Station Loop]]]]
Most TTC surface routes terminate at loops, side streets, or subway stations. The TTC is one of the few mass transit systems in Canada where many surface routes can be accessed inside a paid-fare zone common to other routes or subway lines. This feature allows boarding via the back doors at terminals, reduces the usage of paper transfers, and the need of operators to check for proof-of-payment.  However, if people are caught entering fare-paid terminals illegally from the street, they could be fined $500 for fare evasion. With the exception of {{stl|TTC|Greenwood}}, {{stl|TTC|High Park}}, {{stl|TTC|Jane}}, {{stl|TTC|Old Mill}}, and {{stl|TTC|Runnymede}}, all subway stations' off-street terminals are within the fare-paid area.

[[File:TTC Bus Stop.jpg|thumb|upright|A TTC bus stop pole in [[Mount Dennis]]]]
The shelters in the system are installed and maintained under contracts with [[Astral Media]] (later became a part of by [[Bell Media]]) (with [[Outfront Media|CBS Outdoor]] since 2006 and previously [[Viacom (1952–2005)|Viacom]] Media) and [[Toronto Transportation Services]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Lakey |first=Jack |url=https://www.thestar.com/yourtoronto/the_fixer/2013/01/17/the_fixer_say_goodbye_to_onesided_transit_shelters.html |title=The Fixer: Say goodbye to one-sided transit shelters |work=Toronto Star |date=January 17, 2013 |access-date=December 27, 2014}}</ref> Approximately 4,100 shelters are managed by Toronto Transportation. Some shelters are solar powered and include next vehicle arrival displays.

There are four versions of shelters found in the city:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.transitstop.net/gallery3.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111211223459/http://www.transitstop.net/gallery3.htm |archive-date=December 11, 2011 |title=TTC Bus Shelters |work=Transitstop.net |url-status=usurped |access-date=December 27, 2014}}</ref>

* Kramer Design Associates Ltd/Cantilevered arch roof – newest version being installed
** Cantilever arch roof canopy – used on the [[512 St. Clair]] streetcar line
* Contemporary or Barrel vault dome roof – some by Daytech and installed by Viacom/CBS are found mostly in suburbs like Scarborough
** Barrel vault dome canopy – select stations with streetcar platforms
* Traditional flat top – older version in Old Toronto and variants in Etobicoke
** High Capacity Traditional – used on [[510 Spadina]] streetcar line
* Classic shelters – oldest version without advertisements and found mostly in the suburbs outside of Toronto's pre-1998 limits

There are ten sets (men and women) of public washrooms located on the TTC system, all at subway stations that are major transfer points, at the ends of subway lines, or former ends of subway lines.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ttc.ca/PDF/About_the_TTC/Commission_Meetings/Chief_Executive_Officers_Report_-_Period_5_(April_29_to_May_.pdf |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |title=Chief Executive Officer's Report |date=August 10, 2012 |page=5 |access-date=January 28, 2015 |archive-date=January 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117230050/http://www.ttc.ca/PDF/About_the_TTC/Commission_Meetings/Chief_Executive_Officers_Report_-_Period_5_(April_29_to_May_.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> All (with the exception of {{stl|TTC|Highway 407}} and Vaughan Metropolitan Centre stations, which only connect with regional buses) are located within the fare paid area and thus available only to TTC passengers.

===Headquarters and facilities===
[[File:Davisville TTC McBrien Building d81.JPG|thumb|The TTC head office, the [[William McBrien Building]], above [[Davisville station]] and next to [[Davisville Yard]], a maintenance facility for subways]]

TTC buses and streetcars are operated out of a number of garages and carhouses located around the city and are serviced at several other facilities. The surface routes are divided into several divisions. Individual divisions have a manager, an on-duty mobile supervisor, a CIS communications centre, and a garage facility tasked with managing the division's vehicle fleet and routes.

TTC Head Office is in the [[William McBrien Building]], located at 1900 Yonge Street at Davisville Avenue, which opened in 1957. The Davisville station bus terminal occupies part of the building's ground floor. The previous TTC Headquarters was at Yonge and Front Streets in the [[Toronto Board of Trade Building]], which was later demolished.

There are plans to relocate the head office to a yet-to-be-built site at 4050 Yonge Street near York Mills Road. The site is a commuter parking lot with a TTC entrance to [[York Mills station]]. Build Toronto is charged with helping the commission relocate, but it is facing political opposition from many mayoral candidates.<ref>{{cite news |last=Grant |first=Kelly |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/toronto/proposal-for-new-ttc-headquarters-draws-flak/article1558470/ |title=Proposal for new TTC Headquarters draws flak |work=[[The Globe and Mail]] |location=Toronto |date=May 6, 2010 |access-date=December 27, 2014 |archive-date=December 22, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141222013818/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/toronto/proposal-for-new-ttc-headquarters-draws-flak/article1558470/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Commuter parking lots===
The Toronto Parking Authority on behalf of the TTC operates 30 commuter parking lots, all at subway stations, with a total of 13,981 parking spaces. Effective April 1, 2009, it eliminated free parking for Metropass holders. All passengers using parking facilities during peak hours must now pay for the service.<ref name="parking">{{cite press release |title=TTC to end free commuter parking for Metropass holders |url=https://www.ttc.ca/News/2008/September/TTC_to_end_free_commuter_parking_for_Metropass_holders.jsp |date=September 26, 2008 |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |access-date=January 28, 2015 |archive-date=January 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117231330/https://www.ttc.ca/News/2008/September/TTC_to_end_free_commuter_parking_for_Metropass_holders.jsp |url-status=dead }}</ref> The rates vary by location from $2.00 to $7.00 between 5:00&nbsp;a.m. and 3:00&nbsp;p.m. on weekdays, with lots offering discounted or free parking at other times.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www3.ttc.ca/Riding_the_TTC/Parking/index.jsp |title=TTC Parking |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |access-date=February 19, 2012 |archive-date=February 18, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120218132635/http://www.ttc.ca/Riding_the_TTC/Parking/index.jsp |url-status=dead }}</ref> Most TTC-owned lots are open (uncovered) parking lots; certain lots are located in covered garages, such as the Yorkdale lot, which is located in [[Yorkdale Shopping Centre|the namesake shopping centre]]'s underground parking garage.

==Safety==

===Safety programs===
Safety features provided by the TTC include:
[[File:Glencairn TTC DWA.JPG|thumb|A designated waiting area (DWA) at [[Glencairn station]] in 2014. DWAs are well-lit waiting areas that are monitored, have intercoms, and are situated near the location where the guard car stops.]]
* Request Stop: all passengers travelling alone on surface routes (9&nbsp;pm – 5&nbsp;am, excluding streetcar routes) can ask the driver to stop at points between bus stops. The program started in 1991, due in part to the activities of serial rapist and killer [[Paul Bernardo]]. On October 13, 2011, after many requests from the public and, finally, a letter by [[LGBTQ+ rights]] group Queer Ontario,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://queerontario.org/request-stop/ |title=Letter to Councillor Karen Stintz regarding the TTC's Request Stop Program |publisher=QueerOntario |date=September 28, 2011 |access-date=December 27, 2014}}</ref> the TTC announced that it would make the Request Stop Program available to all passengers in need; from 1991 to 2011, the program was only available to women.
* Designated Waiting Areas (DWA) on rapid transit platforms: these are well-lit, have intercoms, are monitored by security cameras, and are near the location where the guard car stops.
* [[Toronto Paramedic Services|Toronto paramedics]]: stationed at key locations within the subway system during the morning and evening rush to assist with medical emergencies and provide a faster emergency response. This also reduces delays on the rapid transit system.<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www3.ttc.ca/News/2009/March/TTC_and_Toronto_EMS_place_more_paramedics_in_Toronto_subwa.jsp |title=TTC and Toronto EMS place more paramedics in Toronto's subway system |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |date=March 20, 2009 |access-date=February 19, 2012 |archive-date=March 7, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307075145/http://www3.ttc.ca/News/2009/March/TTC_and_Toronto_EMS_place_more_paramedics_in_Toronto_subwa.jsp |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* Emergency Power Cut stations: indicated by a blue beacon and located on both ends of all rapid transit platforms with a PAX telephone that can be used contact the Transit Control Centre's emergency line (3555).
* Yellow Emergency Alarm (formerly "Passenger Assistance Alarm"): yellow strips on all subway cars since 1977 and on the [[Flexity Outlook (Toronto)|Flexity Outlook]] streetcars since their introduction in 2014.
* Emergency stopping mechanisms (Passenger/Guard Emergency Valve or PGEV): on the [[T series (Toronto subway)|T1]] trains and [[Line 3 Scarborough]] trains (except for the [[Toronto Rocket]] subway trains, which use a two-way intercom for passenger communication with the train crew as with the Flexity streetcars)
* Approximately 12,000 cameras monitoring activities at subway stations and on buses, streetcars and [[Toronto Rocket]] subway trains.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.gazette.uwo.ca/article.cfm?section=FrontPage&articleID=1055 |title=The TTC is watching you on the bus, the subway |newspaper=[[The Gazette (Montreal)|The Gazette]] |date=October 25, 2007 |access-date=February 19, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611181807/http://www.gazette.uwo.ca/article.cfm?section=FrontPage&articleID=1055 |archive-date=June 11, 2011}}</ref>
* Underground Alert messages: displayed on the subway platform video screens to notify passengers about criminals.
* TTC Transit Enforcement Unit: consisting of fare inspectors and special constables

====Crisis Link====
<!-- [[Crisis Link]] redirects here -->
{{distinguish|CrisisLink}}
In June 2011, the TTC announced a new suicide prevention program called "Crisis Link" aimed at people who are in a station and in immediate danger of performing self-harm. Special [[speed dial]] buttons have been installed on payphones in station Designated Waiting Areas that "link" the caller to a 24-hour crisis counselling service provided by Distress Centres of Toronto. Signage has also been placed in high-risk areas of the station platform directing those at risk to use the service. The program includes 141 speed dial buttons on the system's payphones and 200 posters placed on station platforms.<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www3.ttc.ca/News/2011/June/TTC_Distress_Centres_of_Toronto_Bell_Canada_partner_suicide_.jsp |title=TTC, Distress Centres of Toronto, Bell Canada partner in new suicide prevention program |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |date=June 16, 2011 |access-date=January 28, 2015 |archive-date=November 29, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129033943/http://www.ttc.ca/News/2011/June/TTC_Distress_Centres_of_Toronto_Bell_Canada_partner_suicide_.jsp |url-status=dead }}</ref>

====ThisIsWhere initiative and SafeTTC mobile app====
In September 2017, the TTC created an [[iOS]]/[[iPadOS]] and [[Android (operating system)|Android]] app called ThisIsWhere that allows users to report harassment and other personal safety incidents to the TTC.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ttc.ca/News/2017/September/09_06_17NR_ThisIsWhere.jsp |title=TTC launches initiative to combat harassment and improve safety |date=September 6, 2017 |access-date=November 20, 2017 |website=ttc.ca |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |archive-date=May 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506201651/http://www.ttc.ca/News/2017/September/09_06_17NR_ThisIsWhere.jsp |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://thisiswhere.ca |title=ThisIsWhere |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |access-date=December 12, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171221071825/http://www.thisiswhere.ca/ |archive-date=December 21, 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The name was later changed to "SafeTTC" and launched on September 6, 2017.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/safettc-app-launch-1.4277524 |title=New SafeTTC app allows passengers to report harassment |last=Whalen |first=Julia |date=September 6, 2017 |website=CBC News}}</ref>

===Transit Enforcement Unit===
{{Main|Transit Enforcement Unit}}
[[File:TTC Fare Inspectors.jpg|thumb|upright|Fare inspectors of the [[Transit Enforcement Unit]] board a [[Canadian Light Rail Vehicle]] TTC streetcar for inspection.]]
From 1997 to 2011, the TTC employed [[Transit Enforcement Unit|special constables]], who were responsible for safety and security and had similar policing powers to [[Toronto Police Service]] officers. During the phase-out of the special constables, the Toronto Police reinstated its Transit Patrol Unit, which had been cancelled in the mid-1990s. The special constables were replaced by [[bylaw enforcement officer]]s known as transit enforcement officers, as part of the TTC's Transit Enforcement Unit.

The negotiation between TTC and the Toronto Police Services Board took place in 2013 resulting in restored special constable status and peace officer authority.

There is a difference between special constables and fare inspectors. Fare inspectors have no authority to detain a person, and so it is possible to simply walk away with no repercussions.<ref>{{cite web|last=Munro|first=Steve|date=February 23, 2019|title=Fare Evasion on the TTC: The Auditor General's Report|url=https://stevemunro.ca/2019/02/23/fare-evasion-on-the-ttc-the-auditor-generals-report/|access-date=April 10, 2021|publisher=[[Steve Munro]]}}</ref> In contrast, special constables have the same authority as police officers.

====Bylaws enforced====
The TTC's By-law No. 1 is a [[by-law]] governing the actions of passengers and employees while on Commission property. It can be enforced by a "proper authority" which is defined in the by-law as: "an employee or agent of the TTC wearing a TTC uniform; an employee or agent of the TTC carrying an identification card issued by the TTC; or a municipal police officer."<ref name=":1">{{cite web |url=http://www.ttc.ca/Riding_the_TTC/TTC_Bylaws/index.jsp |title=TTC By-law No. 1 |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |date=December 7, 1990 |access-date=December 27, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021045853/http://ttc.ca/Riding_the_TTC/TTC_Bylaws/index.jsp | archive-date=October 21, 2021}}</ref> The by-law covers rules regarding fare payment and conduct while in the system. Effective October 12, 2009, a revised version of the by-law has been issued. Revisions include the restriction of placing feet or "any object that may soil" on seats, the prohibition against using offensive language (including via the user-generated displays at [[Pioneer Village station]], which are part of the public art installation ''LightSpell'', although the displays have not yet been activated),<ref name="LightSpell-2017-12-22">{{cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2017/12/22/ttc-backtracks-on-500000-station-art-installation.html |title=TTC backtracks on $500,000 station art installation |newspaper=[[Toronto Star]] |first=Ainslie |last=Cruickshank |date=December 22, 2017 |access-date=December 22, 2017 |archive-date=December 23, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223022700/https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2017/12/22/ttc-backtracks-on-500000-station-art-installation.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> and the provision that one must give up their seat to a person with a disability or pregnancy in priority seating areas.

===Communications===
{{more citations needed|section|date=October 2018}}
The TTC uses three primary voice and data communication systems. The first is the system used by Operations, Security and Maintenance. This system operates on five [[Ultra high frequency|UHF]] conventional frequencies. Channels 1, 3, 4 and 5 are used for day-to-day operations, while Channel 2 is reserved for the [[Wheel-Trans]] service.

The second system, the Communications and Information System (CIS), is used by buses and streetcars, and employs transmission facilities throughout the city. Conceived in the late 1970s and fully implemented in 1991, it consists of a computer unit on board each bus and streetcar, called the Transit Radio Unified Microprocessor (TRUMP). This is attached to a [[transponder]] receiver, which allows CIS operators to [[automatic vehicle location|track the location of the vehicle]] using a computational system known as [[dead reckoning]]. The TRUMP unit also allows vehicle and CIS operators to send and receive [[text messaging|text messages]] for such things as [[short turn]]s and [[detour|route adjustments]]. There is also the option of voice-based communication between the vehicle and CIS operators. With the introduction of [[NextBus]] technology to provide real-time arrival information, the CIS has been updated to use a combination of [[Global Positioning System|GPS]] data and the previous dead reckoning ([[signpost]]-based) system. In the event that internally managed TTC communications are unavailable, the TRUMP unit operates on [[Bell Mobility]]'s [[Code-division multiple access|CDMA]] network to communicate with divisional operations and transit control.

<!--Irrelevant and overly technical details that follow have been removed:
Each TRUMP unit on every streetcar and bus is equipped with a silent "yellow alarm" key which can be activated by the operator in the event of an emergency on board. When activated, CIS supervisors and transit control dispatchers are able to hear what is going on via a high-quality boom microphone located in front of the steering wheel and dispatch emergency responders. There is also a "red alarm" key, which enables one way communication with CIS once pressed. This can be used in events such as fires when immediate assistance is required and two-way voice communication would prove detrimental to safety.-->
In 2012, the TTC began research into transitioning from the outdated and antiquated CIS to a newer [[computer-aided dispatch]] (CAD) system. Utilizing this technology would help improve headways, provide more reliable communications and allow divisional supervisors to locate vehicles in real time (the current GPS system only sends location updates every 20 seconds). Implementation of the system, later named the Vehicle Information System & Integrated Operations Network (VISION), began in 2016,<ref>{{Cite web| url=https://www.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/Commission_reports_and_information/Commission_meetings/2016/January_21/Reports/Presentation_Vision_Program.pdf | title=Vehicle Information System & Integrated Operations Network | access-date=October 30, 2018 | archive-date=January 24, 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124040246/https://www.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/Commission_reports_and_information/Commission_meetings/2016/January_21/Reports/Presentation_Vision_Program.pdf | url-status=dead}}</ref> with the contract for associated equipment awarded to Clever Devices ULC.<ref>{{Cite web| url=https://www.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/Commission_reports_and_information/Commission_meetings/2017/February_21/Reports/6_Presentation_VISION_Program_Update.pdf | title=Presentation: VISION Program Update | access-date=October 30, 2018 | archive-date=January 17, 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117230214/https://www.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/Commission_reports_and_information/Commission_meetings/2017/February_21/Reports/6_Presentation_VISION_Program_Update.pdf | url-status=dead}}</ref> After extensive testing, deployment of VISION on vehicles in revenue service began in the summer of 2018, with plans to fully equip the entire bus and streetcar fleet by 2019.<ref>{{Cite web| url=https://www.ttc.ca/Coupler/PDFs/TTC%20Corporate%20Plan%202018-2022.pdf | title=Advancing to the next level | access-date=October 30, 2018 | archive-date=January 19, 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119094338/https://www.ttc.ca/Coupler/PDFs/TTC%20Corporate%20Plan%202018-2022.pdf | url-status=dead}}</ref>

The third system, known as the "wayside system", consists of UHF [[MPT-1327]] [[Trunking]] radio sets used by the three heavy-rail subway lines. They replaced older devices which communicated by the third rail, and are divided into separate systems representing their respective subway lines. This trunking system allows Transit Control to communicate directly with a single train, a zone encompassing several trains, or the entire line. (Line 3 Scarborough uses a single channel UHF system, much the same as the system used by operations staff.)

All of these systems can be monitored by a [[Radio scanner|scanner]] capable of the UHF Low band (406–430&nbsp;MHz).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://transittoronto.ca/spare/0018.shtml |publisher=Transit Toronto |title=TTC radio – some background information |first=John |last=Lennox |date=November 10, 2006 |access-date=July 21, 2007}}</ref> Numeric codes—often referring to people or positions (299 Bloor – Subway Line mechanic at Bloor)—are also announced through the radio and the overhead paging system. The TTC also has several "Plans" ("Plan A" through "Plan G")<ref>{{cite web |url=http://transittoronto.ca/subway/5013.shtml |publisher=Transit Toronto |title=What do all those TTC emergency plans mean? |date=September 29, 2009 |access-date=October 9, 2009}}</ref> that are used in emergencies but are not announced on the PA system and only referred to on the radio.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://transittoronto.ca/subway/5007.shtml |title=Subway/RT P.A. Code Numbers |access-date=July 21, 2007 |date=November 10, 2006 |publisher=Transit Toronto}}</ref>

====OneStop media system====
[[File:Vaughan Metropolitan Centre Station (39176632581).jpg|thumb|Large LCD television screens that display the news and updates for TTC services are installed in most subway stations, such as [[Vaughan Metropolitan Centre station]].]]
The TTC, in partnership with Pattison OneStop (formerly OneStop Media Group), have installed large LCD television screens in most subway stations throughout the system except on [[Line 3 Scarborough]] and at the [[Toronto–York Spadina subway extension]] ({{stl|TTC|Downsview Park}} to {{stn|Vaughan Metropolitan Centre}}) stations. The new media system replaced the old "Subway Online" system, which were decommissioned.

The signs feature third-party advertising, news headlines and weather information. From its inception in 2005 until December 31, 2017, the news feed and advertising for television programs were supplied under a contract with [[Bell Media]]'s 24-hour local cable television news service, [[CP24]]. Since January 1, 2018, the service has been provided by [[Global Television Network]]'s Toronto television station [[CIII-DT]] 41, which is owned by [[Corus Entertainment]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/3964710/global-news-ttc-screens/ |title=Global News named content provider for TTC screens by PATTISON Onestop |website=globalnews.ca}}</ref> The signs also provide TTC-specific information regarding service changes and delays, information pertaining to using the system, and [[Toronto Police Service]] alerts about suspects.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.222tips.com/index.php?pt=news&sec=4&sub=1076 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070802112236/http://www.222tips.com/index.php?pt=news&sec=4&sub=1076 |archive-date=August 2, 2007 |title=Toronto Crime Stoppers Launches 'UNDERGROUND ALERT' |date=June 12, 2007 |publisher=Toronto Crime Stoppers |access-date=July 21, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://toronto.citynews.ca/2007/06/12/wanted-criminals-to-show-up-on-subway-monitors/ |work=CityNews |title=Wanted Criminals To Show Up On Subway Monitors |access-date=December 27, 2014 |date=June 12, 2007}}</ref> The system can also be used when an [[Amber alert]] is issued, which also may include announcements via the PA system.

In September 2008, [[Dundas station (Toronto)|Dundas station]] was the first to feature a "Next Train" announcement integrated into the signage. The system has been expanded to many other stations since its initial rollout.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www3.ttc.ca/Media_releases/TTC_begins_rollout_of_next_train_arrival_signs.jsp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081002044429/http://www3.ttc.ca/Media_releases/TTC_begins_rollout_of_next_train_arrival_signs.jsp |archive-date=October 2, 2008 |title=TTC begins rollout of next train arrival signs |date=September 3, 2008 |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |access-date=December 27, 2014}}</ref> Since mid-July 2009, the majority of stations have been equipped with this service and since January 2018 – coinciding with a content provider switch from CP24 to [[Global News]] – the next train arrival time notices were also updated to provide the line number and the destination of the next train. The TYSSE stations have screens that display the arrival times for the next two or three trains. Unlike the older screens, these screens neither display news nor weather headlines provided by Global News.

==Governance==
As an agency of the City of Toronto, the City has full authority over the TTC's mandate and structure. The TTC is responsible to [[Toronto City Council]] through its board, composed of members of council and citizens, led by the chair.<ref name=":2">{{cite web |url=https://www.toronto.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/966d-Board-Governance-Structures-ACs-Updated.pdf |title=City of Toronto Agencies and Corporations: Board Governance Structures |website=City of Toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190415031926/https://www.toronto.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/966d-Board-Governance-Structures-ACs-Updated.pdf |archive-date=April 15, 2019 |access-date=April 15, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Constituting legislation ===
The ''Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto Act''<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ontario.ca/laws/statute/90m62 |title=Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto Act |website=www.ontario.ca |date=July 24, 2014 |access-date=April 15, 2019}}</ref> established the modern day "Toronto Transit Commission" from the "Toronto Transportation Commission" in 1954.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/History/Milestones.jsp |title=Milestones |website=www.ttc.ca |access-date=April 15, 2019 |archive-date=March 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210321152229/https://www.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/History/Milestones.jsp |url-status=dead }}</ref> When the ''City of Toronto Act'' was last updated in 2006, the TTC was continued under the updated act.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ontario.ca/laws/statute/06c11 |title=City of Toronto Act |website=www.ontario.ca |date=July 24, 2014 |access-date=April 15, 2019}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> Toronto Municipal Code, chapter 279 stipulates additional fiscal and policy requirements for the TTC, as well as sets out the requirements for the TTC board.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.toronto.ca/legdocs/municode/1184_279.pdf |title=Toronto Municipal Code #279}}</ref> The TTC itself regulates the use of its system via TTC By-law No. 1, the most current revision being the 2009 revision.<ref name=":1" />

=== Board and chair ===
The TTC board consists of ten members: six Toronto City Council members and four citizens.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.toronto.ca/city-government/accountability-operations-customer-service/city-administration/city-managers-office/agencies-corporations/agencies/toronto-transit-commission/ |title=Toronto Transit Commission |date=August 25, 2017 |website=City of Toronto |access-date=April 15, 2019}}</ref> The citizen members are nominated through an independent public process by the Civic Appointments committee.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/toronto/ttc-to-revisit-board-nominations-after-four-white-men-selected/article24209767/ |title=Committee picks four white men for TTC board; told to try again |access-date=April 15, 2019}}</ref> The [[mayor of Toronto]] appoints the chair of the TTC, currently [[Jamaal Myers]]. The chair must be a member of Toronto City Council. The board elects a vice-chair from among its members.<ref name=":2" />
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+List of chairs of the TTC
! Chair !! From !! Until
|-
| data-sort-value="Ellis" |Philip W. Ellis|| 1921 || 1929
|-
| data-sort-value="Hubbard" |[[Frederick Langdon Hubbard|Frederick L. Hubbard]]<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://cnews.canoe.ca/CNEWS/Canada/2009/02/01/8225866-sun.html | title=Toronto's answer to Obama | access-date=March 19, 2020 | archive-date=October 30, 2013 | archive-url=https://archive.today/20131030172331/http://cnews.canoe.ca/CNEWS/Canada/2009/02/01/8225866-sun.html | url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref>|| 1929 || 1930
|-
| data-sort-value="McBrien, 1" |[[William C. McBrien]]<ref name="Star Editorial 19380704">{{cite news |title=The Late Fred McBrien |newspaper=Toronto Daily Star |date=July 4, 1938 |location=Toronto |page=4}}</ref>|| 1931 || 1932
|-
| data-sort-value="McMaster" |[[S.J. McMaster]]|| 1932 || 1933
|-
| data-sort-value="McBrien, 2" |[[William C. McBrien]]|| 1933 || 1954
|-
| data-sort-value="Russell" |[[William G. Russell]]|| 1954 || 1955
|-
| data-sort-value="Lamport" |[[Allan Lamport|Allan A. Lamport]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Mayor Gave City Sunday Sport, Planning |first=Donn |last=Downey |work=The Globe and Mail |location=Toronto |date=November 20, 1999 |page=A26}}</ref>|| 1955 || 1959
|-
| data-sort-value="Walton" |[[Charles A. Walton (Toronto politician)|Charles A. Walton]]<ref name="Coupler">{{cite magazine  |magazine=The Coupler |url=http://www.toronto.ca/ttc/coupler/coupler.htm |title=The Coupler |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021107095015/http://www.toronto.ca/ttc/coupler/coupler.htm |archive-date=November 7, 2002 |location=Toronto |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission}}</ref>|| data-sort-value="1959" | January 3, 1959 || data-sort-value="1960" | 1960
|-
| data-sort-value="Downey" |[[C. C. Downey|Clarence C. Downey]]<ref>{{cite magazine |magazine=The Coupler |url=http://www.toronto.ca/ttc/coupler/coupler.htm |title=The Coupler |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021107095015/http://www.toronto.ca/ttc/coupler/coupler.htm |archive-date=November 7, 2002 |location=Toronto |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |date=April 1965 |volume=40 |issue=4}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine  |magazine=The Coupler |url=http://www.toronto.ca/ttc/coupler/coupler.htm |title=The Coupler |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021107095015/http://www.toronto.ca/ttc/coupler/coupler.htm |archive-date=November 7, 2002 |location=Toronto |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |date=September 1982 |volume=57 |issue=7}}</ref>|| 1960 || 1963
|-
| data-sort-value="Day" |[[Ralph Day|Ralph C. Day]]<ref>{{cite book |title=Municipal Handbook, City of Toronto |date=1940 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TdIcAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Ralph+Carrette+Day%22 |publisher=City of Toronto}}</ref>|| data-sort-value="1963" | February 12, 1963 || data-sort-value="1972" | June 27, 1972
|-
| data-sort-value="Young" |[[Franklin I. Young]]<ref name="Coupler" />|| data-sort-value="1972" | July 5, 1972 || data-sort-value="1973" | May 28, 1973
|-
| data-sort-value="Mallette" |[[Karl L. Mallette]]<ref>{{cite magazine |magazine=The Coupler |url=http://www.toronto.ca/ttc/coupler/coupler.htm |title=The Coupler |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021107095015/http://www.toronto.ca/ttc/coupler/coupler.htm |archive-date=November 7, 2002 |location=Toronto |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |date=September 1973 |volume=48 |issue=9}}</ref>|| data-sort-value="1973" | August 14, 1973 || data-sort-value="1975" | January 21, 1975
|-
| data-sort-value="Hurlburt" |[[G. Gordon Hurlburt]]<ref>{{cite magazine |magazine=The Coupler |url=http://www.toronto.ca/ttc/coupler/coupler.htm |title=The Coupler |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021107095015/http://www.toronto.ca/ttc/coupler/coupler.htm |archive-date=November 7, 2002 |location=Toronto |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |date=February 1973 |volume=47 |issue=2}}</ref>|| data-sort-value="1975" | January 21, 1975 || data-sort-value="1979" | March 31, 1979
|-
| data-sort-value="Porter" |[[Julian Porter]]|| data-sort-value="1979" | May 15, 1979 || 1987
|-
| data-sort-value="Lyons" |[[Jeffrey S. Lyons]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.torontosun.com/2015/07/26/well-known-torontonian-jeff-lyons-dies-at-75 |title=Well-known Torontonian Jeff Lyons dies at 75 &#124; Toronto & GTA &#124; News &#124; Toronto Su |publisher=Torontosun.com |access-date=September 26, 2015}}</ref>|| 1987 || 1989
|-
| data-sort-value="Griffin" |[[Lois Griffin (politician)|Lois Griffin]]<ref>Smith, Michael (April 13, 1989). "New TTC boss drives car to work but she's looking to improve service", ''[[Toronto Star]]'', p. A12.</ref><ref>Howell, Peter (November 24, 1990). "TTC chief shows tougher side", ''[[Toronto Star]]'', p. D4.</ref>|| 1989 || 1991
|-
| data-sort-value="Colle, M" |[[Michael Colle]]|| 1991 || 1994
|-
| data-sort-value="Christie" |[[Paul Christie (politician)|Paul Christie]]|| 1994 || 1998
|-
| data-sort-value="Moscoe, 1" |[[Howard Moscoe]]|| 1998 || 2000
|-
| data-sort-value="Ashton" |[[Brian Ashton (politician)|Brian Ashton]]|| 2000 || 2002
|-
| data-sort-value="Disero" |[[Betty Disero]]|| 2002 || 2003
|-
| data-sort-value="Moscoe, 2" |[[Howard Moscoe]]|| 2003 || 2006
|-
| data-sort-value="Giambrone" |[[Adam Giambrone]]<ref>{{URL|http://www.toronto.ca/councillors/giambrone1.htm|"Councillor Adam Giambrone Profile" ''City of Toronto''. February 12, 2010.}}</ref>|| data-sort-value="2006" | December 1, 2006 || data-sort-value="2010" | December 1, 2010
|-
| data-sort-value="Stintz" |[[Karen Stintz]]<ref>{{URL|https://www.ttc.ca/news/2011/September/TTC-marks-its-90th-anniversary-Sept-1|"TTC marks its 90th anniversary" TTC news release, September 1, 2011}}</ref>|| data-sort-value="2010" | December 1, 2010 || data-sort-value="2014.1" | February 19, 2014
|-
| data-sort-value="Augimeri" |[[Maria Augimeri]]|| data-sort-value="2014.1" | February 19, 2014 || data-sort-value="2014.2" | November 30, 2014
|-
| data-sort-value="Colle, J" |[[Josh Colle]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/mike-colle-former-councillor-mpp-hoping-for-council-return-as-son-josh-colle-retires-from-municipal-politics-1.4760824 |title=Mike Colle, former councillor, MPP hoping for council return as son Josh Colle retires from municipal politics |work=[[CBC News]] |last=Pelley |first=Lauren |date=July 25, 2018 |access-date=October 30, 2024}}</ref>|| data-sort-value="2014.2" | December 1, 2014 || data-sort-value="2018" | December 13, 2018
|-
| data-sort-value="Robinson" |[[Jaye Robinson]]|| data-sort-value="2018" | December 13, 2018 || data-sort-value="9999" |November 24, 2022
|-
|[[Jon Burnside]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jeffords |first=Shawn |date=November 24, 2022 |title=Tory puts key allies, newcomers in powerful positions at City Hall |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/tory-committee-appointment-council-1.6662698 |website=CBC News}}</ref>
|November 24, 2022
|August 8, 2023
|-
|[[Jamaal Myers]]
|August 8, 2023
|''Incumbent''
|}

==Management and personnel==
{{Main|Toronto Transit Commission personnel}}
{{More citations needed|section|date=December 2018}}
The TTC has more than 12,000 employees. Most are operators, but the commission also employs supervisors, custodians and a wide range of skilled tradespeople who work on vehicles and critical subway and surface infrastructure.

The day-to-day operations of the TTC are managed by the chief executive officer (formerly the chief general manager or CGM). Greg Percy became the interim CEO under an eight-month contract in September 2024 after the departure of [[Rick Leary]] at the end of August 2024;<ref name="LearyCEO">{{cite news |date=July 10, 2018 |title=Rick Leary to be next TTC CEO, city's transit chair confirms |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/rick-leary-to-be-next-ttc-ceo-city-s-transit-chair-confirms-1.4740814 |access-date=September 8, 2018 |work=CBC News}}</ref><ref name="TheStar-2024-09-06">{{cite news |date=2024-09-06 |title=Former Metrolinx executive appointed interim TTC CEO. 'It is an audition' |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/former-metrolinx-executive-appointed-interim-ttc-ceo-it-is-an-audition/article_648b4162-6c64-11ef-a245-67eabccee46f.html |newspaper=[[Toronto Star]]}}</ref> Leary had succeeded [[Andy Byford]] in January 2018. Percy has an eight-month contract as interim CEO.

In 2022, TTC employees were surveyed by their union as part of Transit Worker Assault Awareness Day. 73 percent of those surveyed (out of approximately 3,100 people) reported experiencing workplace violence.<ref>{{cite web|title=TTC workers report an increase in 'violent incidents' in survey|last=Harvey|first=Lex|website=Toronto Star|date=December 16, 2022 |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2022/12/16/ttc-workers-report-an-increase-in-violent-incidents-in-survey.html|access-date=April 23, 2023}}</ref> In March 2023, [[Jennifer McKelvie]], the deputy mayor of Toronto, requested section 269.01 of the [[Criminal Code (Canada)|Canadian ''Criminal Code'']] be amended to include assault against transit workers.<ref>{{cite web|title=Toronto calls on feds to amend Criminal Code amid rising attacks on transit workers|last=Aguilar|first=Bryann|website=CP24|url=https://beta.cp24.com/news/2023/3/17/1_6318195.html|access-date=April 23, 2023|archive-date=April 23, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423192056/https://beta.cp24.com/news/2023/3/17/1_6318195.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== Executive personnel ===

* Greg Percy, interim chief executive officer<ref name="TheStar-2024-09-06" />
* Fortunato Monaco, chief operations and infrastructure officer

===Station managers===
In 2013, the TTC assigned group station managers on most subway lines and hired an additional manager upon the opening of the Line 1 extension to Vaughan:<ref>{{cite news |last=Walton |first=Tara |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/transportation/2013/04/18/meet_your_ttc_station_managers.html |title=Meet your TTC station managers |work=Toronto Star |date=April 18, 2013 |access-date=December 27, 2014 |archive-date=December 22, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141222000013/http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/transportation/2013/04/18/meet_your_ttc_station_managers.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

* Lines 1 Yonge–University and 4 Sheppard
** Finch to St. Clair on Line 1 and Line 4
** St. Andrew to Summerhill
** Yorkdale to Osgoode
** Vaughan Metropolitan Centre to Wilson
* Lines 2 Bloor–Danforth and formerly 3 Scarborough
** Broadview to Kennedy on Line 2 and Line 3 (until Line 3's closure in July 2023)
** Castle Frank to Spadina
** Bathurst to Kipling

===Labour disputes===
Unionized workers of the TTC workers have performed strike actions numerous times since 1952. At the request of Mayor [[Rob Ford]] and Toronto City Council, on March 30, 2011, the Province of Ontario passed legislation classifying the TTC an [[Essential services|essential service]], which removed the employees' right to strike.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2011/03/30/ontario_bans_strikes_by_the_ttc.html |work=Toronto Star |first1=Rob |last1=Ferguson |first2=Tess |last2=Kalinowski |title=Ontario bans strikes by the TTC |date=March 30, 2011 |access-date=December 27, 2014}}</ref> On May 8, 2023, a [[Ontario Superior Court of Justice|Superior Court]] judge overturned the designation on the basis that the TTC did not meet the judicial definition of an "essential service" and therefore the restrictions on striking were unconstitutional.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://toronto.ctvnews.ca/ttc-not-an-essential-service-workers-can-go-on-strike-court-rules-1.6390997 |work=CTV News |first1=Codi |last1=Wilson |title=TTC not an 'essential service,' workers can go on strike, court rules |date=May 9, 2023 |access-date=May 10, 2023}}</ref>

====2024 averted strike====
A TTC strike was set to begin on June 7, 2024, at 12:01 a.m. if a deal between the TTC and the Amalgamated Transit Union Local 113 was not reached. The previous April, union members had voted overwhelmingly in favour of strike action if necessary, after their previous collective agreement expired at the end of March 2024.<ref name="min1">{{cite web |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/ttc-atu-local-113-bargaining-talks-strike-deadline-update-1.7227650 |title=TTC strike averted as union, management reach last-minute deal |website=[[CBC News]] |last1=Draaisma |first1=Muriel |last2=Balintec |first2=Vanessa |date=June 8, 2024 |access-date=June 10, 2024}}</ref> However, the TTC and the union reached a tentative agreement at approximately 11:30 p.m. on June 6, 2024, and so the strike was averted.<ref name="strike1">{{cite web|url=https://globalnews.ca/news/10550647/ttc-strike-avoided-june-7-latest/|title=TTC strike avoided after last minute deal reached with union |last1=Rodrigues |first1=Gabby |last2=Callan |first2=Isaac |date=June 8, 2024 |access-date=June 10, 2024}}</ref>

The key issues for the union and its members related to job security, protections against contracting out jobs, and improvements in benefits for active members and pensioners.<ref name="strike1"/> The president of the Amalgamated Transit Union Local 113, Marvin Alfred, confirmed the next morning that a tentative agreement had been reached late the night before and that talks had continued until almost 4 a.m. "What we have right now is a deal", he said. "We have something signed, but we're still preparing and making sure we can have something tangible for our membership," he told [[CBC Radio]]'s ''Metro Morning''.<ref name="min1"/>

===2018 benefits fraud investigation===
In 2018, as a result of their involvement in a health insurance scam involving Healthy Fit, an [[orthotics]] shop, 223 employees were dismissed or forced to retire early, while ten faced criminal charges.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://torontolife.com/city/crime/great-ttc-fraud/ |title=The true story of the fraudsters that fleeced the TTC for $6{{nbsp}}million and counting |date=March 20, 2018 |website=torontolife.com |access-date=March 20, 2018 |archive-date=December 1, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201151831/https://torontolife.com/city/crime/great-ttc-fraud/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/4086401/ttc-benefits-fraud-investigation-update/ |title=More than 200 people dismissed amid TTC benefits fraud investigation: officials |website=globalnews.ca}}</ref>

==Subsidiaries==
Beside the main transit operations, the TTC has subsidiaries:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/Subsidiaries/index.jsp |title=TTC Subsidiary Companies |website=www.ttc.ca |access-date=April 15, 2019 |archive-date=February 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226120058/http://www2.ttc.ca/About_the_TTC/Subsidiaries/index.jsp |url-status=dead }}</ref>

* TTC Insurance Company Ltd.&nbsp;— deals with insurance risks from operations; established 1994
* Toronto Transit Infrastructure Ltd.&nbsp;— provides advisory services on infrastructure projects
* Toronto Coach Terminal Inc.&nbsp;— handled the operations of the [[Toronto Coach Terminal]], which was closed in 2021

==See also==
* [[List of metro systems]]
*[[Metrolinx]], provincial regional transit agency
{{clear}}

==References==

{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
* Ferreira, Barbara A. (2015) [http://ridingtherocket.ca/ ''Riding the Rocket''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170627022502/http://ridingtherocket.ca/ |date=June 27, 2017 }}, adventure book for young TTC riders
* {{cite book |title=The TTC Story: The First Seventy-Five Years |last=Filey |first=Mike |publisher=Dundurn Press |year=1996 |isbn=978-1-77070-079-6 |location=Toronto}}
* {{cite book |title=Not a One-Horse Town: 125 Years of Toronto and Its Streetcars |last=Filey |first=Mike |publisher=Firefly Books |year=1990 |isbn=978-0-920668-77-1 |location=Willowdale, Ont}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Toronto Transit Commission}}
* {{official website}}
* [https://www.ttcshop.ca/ TTC Shop]
* [http://transittoronto.ca/ Transit Toronto]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20141227223807/http://yorkspace.library.yorku.ca/xmlui/browse?value=Toronto+Transit+Commission&type=series Clara Thomas Archives and Special Collections&nbsp;— Archival photographs from the Toronto Telegram Fonds, York University]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7JIEDb-48CM/ Documentary on Toronto Transit Commission Subway Employees]

{{Portal bar|Canada|Ontario|Transport}}
{{Toronto Transit Commission}}
{{Public transit systems in Canada}}
{{Toronto Government}}
{{Toronto}}
{{Metro Toronto Government}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Toronto Transit Commission| ]]
[[Category:Metropolitan Toronto]]
[[Category:Government agencies established in 1954]]
[[Category:Transit agencies in Ontario]]
[[Category:Street railways in Ontario]]
[[Category:Toronto-gauge railways]]