Editing Transnational Radical Party

{{Short description|Political association that adopts nonviolent means for civil rights}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}
{{Infobox organization
| name                = Nonviolent Radical Party Transnational and Transparty
| logo                = Radical Party logo.svg
| logo_size           = 160px
| abbreviation        = TRP or NRPTT
| predecessor         = [[Radical Party (Italy)]]
| formation           = 1 January 1989
| founder             = [[Marco Pannella]]
| founding_location   = [[Rome]]
| type                = [[Nonprofit organization|Nonprofit]] [[Non-governmental organization|NGO]]
| status              = Active
| purpose             = Defense of personal and collective [[political freedom|freedoms]], [[human rights|human]], [[civil and political rights]]
| headquarters        = Via di Torre Argentina 76, 00186 [[Rome]]
| region              = Worldwide
| methods             = [[Nonviolence]], [[lobbying]]
| fields              = [[Politics]]
| membership          = 3,308<ref name="Mozione-2019">{{cite web | url=https://www.partitoradicale.it/la-mozione | title=La mozione • PARTITO RADICALE Nonviolento Transpartito Transnazionale }}</ref>
| membership_year     = 2018
| leader_title        = Secretary
| leader_name         = [[Maurizio Turco]]
| leader_title2       = President
| leader_name2        = [[Diego Sabatinelli]]
| leader_title3       = Treasurer
| leader_name3        = [[Irene Testa]]
| subsidiaries        = {{bulleted list|[[Radio Radicale|''Radio Radicale'' FM]] (Italy)}}
| affiliations        = {{bulleted list|[[Pannella List]] (Italy)|[http://www.certidiritti.org/ ''Certi Diritti''] (Italy)|[[Hands Off Cain]] (Italy)|[[Charter 97]] (Belarus)|[https://www.internacialingvo.org/it/ Esperanto Radikala Asocio] (Belgium)|''[[¡Basta Ya!]]'' (Spain)|[[Montagnard Foundation, Inc.|Montagnard Foundation]] (Vietnam)|[http://queme.org/en/?v=cd32106bcb6d Quê Me] (Vietnam)|[[Law Enforcement Action Partnership]] (UK)|[https://stopthedrugwar.org/ DRCNet Foundation / StoptheDrugWar.org] (USA)}}
| website             = {{URL|https://www.partitoradicale.it}}<br />{{URL|http://www.radicalparty.org}}<br />{{URL|https://www.nrptt.org}}
}}

The '''Transnational Radical Party''' ('''TRP'''), whose official name is '''Nonviolent Radical Party, Transnational and Transparty''' ('''NRPTT'''), is a political association of citizens, members of parliament and members of government of various national and political backgrounds who intend to adopt [[nonviolence|nonviolent]] means to create an effective body of [[international law]] with respect for individuals, [[human rights|human]], [[civil and political rights]], as well as the affirmation of [[democracy]] and [[political freedom]] in the world. The TRP does not participate in elections and, despite being named "party", is a [[non-governmental organization]] (NGO), with consultative status at the [[United Nations Economic and Social Council|Economic and Social Council]] (ECOSOC) of the [[United Nations]] (UN) since 1995,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://esa.un.org/coordination/ngo/search/DisplayOrgInfo.asp?OrgID=655|title=1 June is the last day to apply for consultative status with ECOSOC|access-date=14 August 2018}}</ref> adept in building synergies among political forces aimed at achieving the goals of its congressional motions.

The TRP is the direct evolution of the [[Radical Party (Italy)|Radical Party]], a [[List of political parties in Italy|political party]] in [[Italy]], active from 1955 to 1989, and is a separate entity from the once-connected [[Italian Radicals]] party, founded in 2001 as PRT's section in the country.

The TRP often advocates the international use of [[Esperanto]] in its literature.<ref name="eo">[http://en.nitobe.info/ld/dokumentujo/dokumento.php?id=30&priskribolingvo=en The International Politics of Esperanto] at the Nitobe Center for Language Democracy</ref>

==History==
{{further|Italian Radicals (disambiguation)|Pannella List|Bonino List|Italian Radicals}}

The TRP's forerunner, the [[Radical Party (Italy)|Radical Party]] (PR), was established in 1955 by a left-wing splinter group from the centre-right [[Italian Liberal Party]] (PLI), under the leadership of [[Marco Pannella]]. In 1989, the PR was transformed into the TRP. In 1992, a majority of Italy's Radicals formed, at the national-level in Italian politics, the [[Pannella List]]. Since 1999, Radicals ran in elections under the banner of [[Bonino List]], named after [[Emma Bonino]]. After a breakthrough in the [[1999 European Parliament election in Italy|1999 European Parliament election]], Italy's Radicals formed the [[Italian Radicals]] (RI).

===Background and foundation===
In the [[1979 European Parliament election in Italy|1979 European Parliament election]], the first in which voters voted directly for the [[European Parliament]], the PR obtained its best result ever countrywide (3.7% of the vote, resulting in the election of three [[Member of the European Parliament|MEP]]s, including Pannella). Following the election, the PR was involved with the [[European Green Party|Coordination of European Green and Radical Parties]] (CEGRP) and its unsuccessful efforts to create a single pan-European platform for green and radical politics.<ref name="Bomberg2005">{{cite book|author=Elizabeth Bomberg|title=Green Parties and Politics in the European Union|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A7WIAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA70|date=2 August 2005|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-85145-4|page=70}}</ref> More importantly, since then, the party projected itself into international politics.

In 1988, after a decade during which transnational issues and values were emphasised, the PR's congress decided that the party would be transformed during 1989 into the TRP and that the latter would not present itself in elections (in order to avoid competition with the other parties and stimulate cooperation instead), while permitting "dual membership" with other parties.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Un programma politico|author=Sergio Stanzani|url=http://www.radioradicale.it/exagora/un-programma-politico|journal=Notizie Radicali|issue=51|date=11 March 1988|access-date=26 February 2017|language=IT}}</ref> The new symbol featuring the stylised face of [[Mahatma Gandhi]]<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.radioradicale.it/exagora/il-simbolo-di-gandhi-fa-la-differenza|title=Il simbolo di Gandhi fa la differenza|author=Gianfranco Spadaccia|journal= Atti del Convegno "I Radicali e la Nonviolenza: Un Metodo, Una Speranza"|location=Roma|date=29–30 April 1988|access-date=26 February 2016|language=IT}}</ref> was the point of no return in the transformation of the PR into an instrument of political fight completely at disposal of issue-oriented campaigns.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Lettera aperta di Mauro Mellini al Primo segretario del Partito Radicale Sergio Stanzani|journal=Notizie Radicali|date=30 November 1988|url=http://www.radioradicale.it/exagora/lettera-aperta-di-mauro-mellini-al-primo-segretario-del-partito-radicale-sergio-stanzani|issue=262|access-date=26 February 2017|language=IT}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=Massimo Teodori|title=L'illusione transnazionale e transpartitica|journal=Marco Pannella — Un Eretico Liberale Nella Crisi della Repubblica|publisher=Casa editrice Marsilio|location=Venezia|date=1996|url=http://www.eclettico.org/cr/libri/teodori/diaspora.htm#_Toc490915674|access-date=26 February 2017|language=IT}}</ref>

All this provoked great controversy among Radicals. Some long-time members left in order to continue their own activity in other parties or retire from public life. However, also most TRP Radicals continued to be actively engaged in politics, sometimes supported by the TRP itself, sometimes seeking hospitality in traditional parties or creating entirely new electoral lists.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radicalparty.org/it/content/lorganizzazione-politica-dellantiproibizionismo|title=L'organizzazione politica dell'antiproibizionismo|date=1 July 1991|access-date=26 February 2016|language=IT}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isimbolidelladiscordia.it/2016/05/in-memoria-di-marco-pannella-una-storia.html|title=In memoria di Marco Pannella: una storia, tanti simboli|date=19 May 2016|access-date=26 February 2017|author=Gabriele Maestri|language=IT}}</ref> In the [[1989 European Parliament election in Italy|1989 European Parliament election]] Pannella stood as a successful candidate of the joint list between the PLI (his former party) and the [[Italian Republican Party]], some Radicals formed the "Anti-prohibition List on Drugs" (1 MEP), while others joined the [[Rainbow Greens (Italy)|Rainbow Greens]] (2 MEPs). In the run-up of the [[1992 Italian general election|1992 general election]] the Pannella List was formed.

[[Sergio Stanzani]] and [[Emma Bonino]] were the first secretary and president of the party, respectively. In 1993 Bonino, who would be appointed to the [[European Commission]] in 1995, replaced Stanzani, and Pannella became president.

===International activities and ECOSOC recognition===
The TRP was soon involved in comparing the conditions of the [[rule of law]] among different democracies throughout the world.<ref>{{cite book|isbn= 9788840400587|first=Massimo|last= Lensi|title=Oltre Chiasso|publisher=Nardini Editore|location= Firenze|year=2016|url=http://www.nardinieditore.it/prodotto/oltre-chiasso-il-mio-viaggio-con-marco-pannella-e-il-partito-radicale-transnazionale/|quote=The Transnational Radical Party is one of Marco Pannella's most interesting insights. Born in 1989 in Budapest, after a few years of intense activity and unexpected successes, a long decline begins that will lead him to the suspension of congress activities, but not to cease producing ideas and initiatives. Massimo Lensi describes this parable through his personal experience|language=IT}}</ref> While its members and economic resources continued to come primarily from Italy, the party strengthened its activities worldwide, especially in the countries of post-communist [[Eastern Europe]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=Appunti sulle prospettive del partito radicale nell'europa comunista|journal=Documento Preparatorio per Il Consiglio Federale di Roma|date=1–5 September 1989|author= Lorenzo Strik-Lievers|author2=Olivier Dupuis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title= IL PARTITO TRASNAZIONALE: DEMOCRAZIA E DIRITTO ALL'INFORMAZIONE - LE DIMISSIONI DA DEPUTATO DI MARCO PANNELLA - LE MANIFESTAZIONI DI MOSCA, VARSAVIA, PRAGA, BUDAPEST PER IL DIRITTO ALL'INFORMAZIONE NEI PAESI OCCIDENTALI - LO SCIOPERO DELLA FAME AD OLTRANZA DI MARCO PANNELLA, GIOVANNI NEGRI E LUIGI DEL GATTO - L'ACCETTAZIONE DELLE DIMISSIONI DI MARCO PANNELLA|date=31 October 1989 |url=http://www.radioradicale.it/il-partito-trasnazionale-democrazia-e-diritto-allinformazione-le-dimissioni-da-deputato-di-marco-pannella-le-manifestazioni-di-m|access-date=26 February 2016}}</ref> In this respect, the TRP launched the Multilingual Telematics System,<ref>{{cite journal|author=Cicciomessere Roberto|title=Descrizione del Sistema Telematico Multilingue - STM|journal=Seminario del Partito Radicale|location=Sabaudia|date=4 September 1992|url=http://www.radioradicale.it/exagora/descrizione-del-sistema-telematico-multilingue-stm|language=IT}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Agorà, rete non solo politica|author=Caravita Giuseppe|date=26 November 1993|journal=Il Sole 24 Ore|url=http://www.radioradicale.it/exagora/agora-rete-non-solo-politica|access-date=26 February 2017|language=IT}}</ref> one of the first [[bulletin board system]]s in Italy to allow multiple connections at the same time with the many countries where the party had influence and membership.

In 1995, after an intense institutional work, the TRP became a non-governmental organization for the promotion of human rights' legislation and the affirmation of democracy and freedom worldwide. As such, it was granted the general consultative status at the [[United Nations Economic and Social Council|Economic and Social Council]] (ECOSOC) of the [[United Nations]] (UN).<ref>{{cite journal|title=Onu/riconoscimento ngo del partito radicale|author=Marino Busdachin|date=21 June 1995|journal= Appunto di Marino Busdachin per la Conferenza Segreteria e per Marco Pannella|url=http://www.radioradicale.it/exagora/onu-riconoscimento-ngo-del-partito-radicale-0|access-date=26 February 2017|language=IT}}</ref>

Also in 1995, [[Olivier Dupuis]], a long-time Radical from [[Belgium]] and founding member of the TRP who had moved to [[Budapest]], [[Hungary]] in 1988 and from there had coordinated TRP's activities in Eastern Europe, was elected secretary of the party, while [[Jean-François Hory]], a [[France|French]] MEP of the [[Radical Party of the Left]] within the TRP-sponsored [[European Radical Alliance]] group, was president. In 1996, Dupuis took Pannella's seat in the European Parliament.

Within the UN, the party has been involved in a variety of issues: the [[United Nations moratorium on the death penalty|moratorium on the death penalty]] and the proposal of a complete abolition,<ref>{{cite web|title=La pena di morte a fronte del diritto internazionale vigente.|author=Caterina Caravaggi|url=http://www.radioradicale.it/exagora/la-pena-di-morte-a-fronte-del-diritto-internazionale-vigente|date= 25 October 1991 |access-date=26 February 2016|language=IT}}</ref> anti-prohibition against global mafias,<ref>{{cite journal|title=Droga: Il Partito radicale e l'iniziativa contro il traffico clandestino delle droghe|url=http://www.radioradicale.it/exagora/droga-il-partito-radicale-e-liniziativa-contro-il-traffico-clandestino-delle-droghe|author=Stanzani Sergio|date=1 February 1989|journal="I Costi del Proibizionismo Sulle Droghe" - Atti del Colloquio Internazionale Sull'antiproibizionismo, Bruxelles 28 September - 1 October 1988|publisher=Ed. Partito Radicale|access-date=26 February 2017|language=IT}}</ref> fair justice,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radioradicale.it/exagora/giustizia-lappello-del-comitato-per-una-giustizia-giusta|title=Giustizia: l'appello del "comitato per una giustizia giusta"|date= 25 February 1985|author=Leonardo Sciascia|author2=Alessandro Galante Garrone|access-date=26 February 2017}}</ref> freedom of scientific research and the ban on female genital mutilation.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Quando la religione diventa barbarie|url=http://www.radioradicale.it/exagora/quando-la-religione-diventa-barbarie|journal=Il Quotidiano Radicale|date=28 October 1993|access-date=26 February 2017|language=IT}}</ref> Additionally, the TRP has allowed access to UN meetings to some stateless people, including [[Tibetan people|Tibetans]],<ref>{{cite journal|author=Dalai Lama|date=25 March 1989|title=Tibet: E' il tempo dell'interdipendenza|journal=Notizie Radicali|issue=66|access-date=20 March 2017|url=http://www.radioradicale.it/exagora/tibet-e-il-tempo-dellinterdipendenza-0|language=IT}}</ref> [[Uyghurs]]<ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=http://www.radioradicale.it/exagora/radio-radicale-turkestan-orientale|title= Colloquio con Erkin Alptekin, leader degli Ujguri del Turkestan orientale |author=Radio radicale turkestan orientale|date=24 July 1997|language=IT}}</ref> and [[Montagnard (Vietnam)|Montagnards]],<ref>{{cite journal|title= I montagnard: una persecuzione nell'indifferenza|url=http://www.radicalparty.org/it/content/i-montagnard-una-persecuzione-nellindifferenza|author=Gerolamo Fazzini|journal=Avvenire|date=13 April 2005|access-date=26 February 2017|language=IT}}</ref> and led active monitoring of conflicts, such as the case of [[Ukraine]] versus [[Russia]],<ref>{{cite journal|author=Eugenij Pashchenko|date=12–18 August 1993|title=Radical voices of rome tribune|journal=Visti Z Ukraini|volume=33|issue=1790|url=http://www.radioradicale.it/exagora/radical-voices-of-rome-tribune|language=EN}}</ref> or gave voice to dissidents opposed to authoritarian regimes like [[Cuba]]<ref>Luca Frassineti (20 August 1992). "DEMOCRATIE POUR CUBA" (in French). <q>D'importantes adhésions à l'appel, promu par le Parti radical à travers le septième numéro du "Parti Nouveau" et "Lettre Radicale 23" et adressé aux autorités cubaines, continuent à parvenir. Ci-après le texte de l'appel et les signatures des députés et des personnalités recueillies à ce jour. »Nous soussignés, membres des Gouvernements et des Parlements démocratiques, demandons aux autorités cubaines la libération des citoyens cubains Luis Alberto Pita Santos et Daniel Azpillaga, emprisonnés pour avoir organisé des manifestations populaires non violentes en faveur des réformes démocratiques à Cuba. Nous demandons aussi qu'il soit permis à Mario Chanes de Armas, prisonnier politique pendant trente ans et remis en liberté récemment, de quitter Cuba et de se réunir à sa famille en exil</q></ref> and [[Turkey]].<ref name=":1" /> For its proposal of a peace plan in the [[Chechen–Russian conflict]],<ref>{{cite web|date=4 May 1995|title=MOSCA: L'ADOZIONE DEL MEMORANDUM COLLETTIVO SULLA CECENIA; IL PARTITO RADICALE ADERISCE A QUESTO MEMORANDUM|access-date=20 March 2017|url=http://www.radioradicale.it/exagora/mosca-ladozione-del-memorandum-collettivo-sulla-0|language=IT}}</ref> the party has collided with Russia and its members risked expulsion from the country.<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.radioradicale.it/exagora/espulsione-del-prt-dallonu-articolo-di-le-monde|title= LA RUSSIA VUOLE SOFFOCARE OGNI VOCE CECENA ALL'ONU|date=21 July 2000|journal=Le Monde|pages=4|access-date=26 February 2017|language=IT}}</ref>

==="Italian plague", decline and internal crisis===
Radicals have often accused the Italian media of ignoring their initiatives and focusing merely on internal conflicts within the Radical world.<ref>{{cite news|author=Luca Gelmini|url=http://www.corriere.it/Primo_Piano/Politica/2006/10_Ottobre/31/radicali.shtml|title=Radicali, scontro Pannella-Capezzone|journal=Corriere della Sera|date=1 November 2006|access-date=20 March 2017|language=IT}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://formiche.net/2013/10/29/pannella-staderini-ecco-quanto-si-amano-si-odiano-i-radicali-italiani/|title=Pannella e Staderini, quanto si amano (e si odiano) i Radicali italiani|author=Paolo Falliro|date=2013-10-29|access-date=2017-03-20|language=IT}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.rainews.it/dl/rainews/articoli/Pannella-caccia-la-Bonino-lei-replica-Siete-scemi-38bd6015-d105-4a47-b58d-2cc150dc6b14.html|title=Pannella caccia la Bonino, lei replica: "Siete scemi?"|access-date=5 December 2017|date=28 July 2015}}</ref> The inadequate information on Radical initiatives by the Italian media has been meticulously verified by the TRP-sponsored ''Centro d'Ascolto dell'Informazione Radiotelevisiva''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.centrodiascolto.it/content/la-storia|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080621073456/http://www.centrodiascolto.it/content/la-storia|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 June 2008|title=Centro d'Ascolto dell'Informazione Radiotelevisiva|access-date=20 March 2017|language=IT}}</ref> and produced several sentences featuring compensations to be paid by [[RAI]], the Italian public broadcaster, and commercial TV as well. Some confusion came from the fact that since the 2000s, rather than highlighting its expansion abroad, the TRP has preferred to focus on the "Case Italy", emblematic of the decadence of a constitutional political system into a "real democracy", that is to say a formal democracy in which its very institutions substantially act in contrast with the constitution.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radioradicale.it/exagora/il-caso-italia-1-introduzione-lo-stato-della-giustizia-in-europa-i-convegno|title=IL CASO ITALIA: (1) Introduzione - LO STATO DELLA GIUSTIZIA IN EUROPA - I· CONVEGNO|access-date=2017-03-20|language=IT}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=Marco Pannella|date=10 October 1989|title=Diritti democratici nella "Democrazia reale"|journal=Il Giornale d'Italia|access-date=20 March 2017|url=http://www.radioradicale.it/exagora/diritti-democratici-nella-democrazia-reale|language=IT}}</ref> According to the TRP, Italy has become a "[[Particracy|partycratic]] regime" and, as such, has started to spread the "plague" of "real democracy" around the democratic world. That was denounced by Radicals within international organisations and though the publication of a "yellow book" on the "Italian plague".<ref name=":0">{{cite web |author=((Gruppo di Iniziativa di Satyagraha 2009 per lo Stato di diritto e la Democrazia cancellati in Italia)) |title=La Peste Italiana |url=http://www.radicali.it/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/peste_italiana.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170701050458/http://www.radicali.it/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/peste_italiana.pdf |archive-date=July 1, 2017 |access-date=27 April 2005 |language=IT |url-status=dead}}</ref>

However, the TRP effectively suffered internal problems too. In 2003 Dupuis resigned from secretary because of serious political differences with Pannella. In 2011–14 [[Demba Traoré (politician)|Demba Traoré]], a politician from [[Mali]], served briefly as secretary: he left the party without officially resigning, after being returned to the government of his own country. The TRP was later provisionally run by a committee, known as the "senate", led by Pannella and composed of the party's leading members.

===Re-organisation and break-up with Italian Radicals===
After the death of Pannella in May 2016, an extraordinary congress was convened in September to overcome the long inactivity due to the absence of the secretary, as well as the economic problems undermining the party's viability. The congress adopted with 178 votes in favour, 79 against and 13 abstentions on the final resolution:
*set three main goals (1. affirmation of the rule of law and the human right of knowledge; 2. justice reform in Italy, including pardon, amnesty, abolition of the [[article 41-bis prison regime]] and of life sentences; 3. formation of the [[European Federation|United States of Europe]], inspired on the [[Ventotene Manifesto]]);
*set a membership target of 3,000 members for 2017 and 2018 in order to pay for the party's debts, otherwise the TRP would be dissolved;
*suspended the party's organs (secretary, president, treasurer, senate, etc.), with the exception of the congress;
*elected a collective leadership led by [[Rita Bernardini]], [[Antonella Casu]], [[Sergio D'Elia]] and [[Maurizio Turco]] (legal representative).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radicalparty.org/it/content/mozione-generale-del-40esimo-congresso-straordinario-del-partito-radicale-nonviolento-transn|title=MOZIONE GENERALE DEL 40ESIMO CONGRESSO STRAORDINARIO DEL PARTITO RADICALE NONVIOLENTO, TRANSNAZIONALE E TRANSPARTITO|access-date=14 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radicalparty.org/it/content/i-furbetti-del-partitino-consulenza-i-compagni-espulsi-o-di-espulsione|title=I furbetti del partitino (consulenza per i compagni espulsi o in via di espulsione)|access-date=14 August 2018}}</ref>

The minority faction, led by Bonino and [[Marco Cappato]], in turn, controlled the RI,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.repubblica.it/politica/2016/09/03/news/radicali_al_congresso_vince_la_mozione_ortodossa_-147121871/?refresh_ce|title=Radicali, al congresso vincono gli 'ortodossi'. Turco: "Tremila tesserati nel 2017 o il partito va in liquidazione"|date=3 September 2016|access-date=14 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ilgiornale.it/news/politica/congresso-partito-radicale-vincono-ultr-pannelliani-1302647.html|title=Congresso Partito radicale, vincono gli ultrà pannelliani|date=3 September 2016|access-date=14 August 2018}}</ref> as confirmed in their November 2016 congress.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://radicali.it/comunicati/20161101/chiuso-xv-congresso-radicali-italiani-magi-confermato-segretario-capano-tesorier |title=Concluso il XV Congresso di Radicali Italiani. Magi confermato segretario, Capano tesoriere, Soldo presidente |access-date=2016-11-04 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104210751/http://radicali.it/comunicati/20161101/chiuso-xv-congresso-radicali-italiani-magi-confermato-segretario-capano-tesorier |archive-date=2016-11-04 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://formiche.net/2016/11/02/congresso-radicali-italiani/|title=Cosa si è detto davvero al congresso dei Radicali Italiani - Formiche.net|date=2 November 2016|access-date=14 August 2018}}</ref> In February 2017 the TRP severed its ties with the RI (accused of boycotting the TRP, using its assets without paying for them and pursuing an Italian-only electoral agenda), and the latter could no longer use the Radical headquarters.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radicalparty.org/it/content/i-mezzi-prefigurano-i-fini-alle-iscritte-ed-iscritti-chi-gi-stato-iscritto-e-chi-si-iscriver|title=I mezzi prefigurano i fini. Alle iscritte ed iscritti, a chi è già stato iscritto e a chi si iscriverà al Partito Radicale Nonviolento Transnazionale Transpartito del 2017|access-date=14 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.corriere.it/politica/17_febbraio_10/radicali-rottura-definitiva-f1fc7f96-efd2-11e6-ba75-096146c2df58.shtml|title=Radicali, la rottura definitiva Bonino e Magi cacciati dalla sede|first=Alessandro|last=Trocino|date=2 October 2017 |access-date=14 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lastampa.it/2017/02/12/italia/politica/lite-con-sfratto-tra-radicali-bonino-resta-casa-mia-contesa-economica-dietro-le-divergenze-VFUVfMQq6BOOaAH0U1FVGM/pagina.html|title=Lite con sfratto tra Radicali, Bonino: "Resta casa mia". Contesa economica dietro le divergenze|date=12 February 2017|access-date=14 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.repubblica.it/politica/2017/02/11/news/radicali_ultima_faida_pannelliani_boniniani-158050074/|title=I radicali sfrattano Bonino, l'ultima faida del dopo Pannella|date=11 February 2017|access-date=14 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.it/2017/02/11/partito-radicale-bonino_n_14687640.html|title=Il Partito radicale sfratta l'associazione di Emma Bonino: via dalla sede del partito|date=11 February 2017|access-date=14 August 2018}}</ref> However, the RI's congress invited its members to adhere to the TRP.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radicali.it/20171101/mozione-generale-approvata-dal-xvi-congresso-radicali-italiani|title=Mozione generale approvata dal XVI Congresso di Radicali Italiani - Radicali Italiani|date=1 November 2017|access-date=14 August 2018}}</ref> The 3,000-member target for 2017 was achieved by the TRP in December,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://radicalparty.org/it/content/raggiunti-i-3000-iscritti-al-partito-radicale|title=Raggiunti i 3.000 iscritti al Partito Radicale|access-date=14 August 2018}}</ref> while the RI had launched a [[Pro-Europeanism|pro-Europeanist]] electoral list named [[More Europe]] for the [[2018 Italian general election]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lastampa.it/2017/11/23/italia/politica/i-radicali-alle-elezioni-da-soli-la-nuova-lista-si-chiamer-europa-9vVPiGh2xoYXqExCOow4cP/pagina.html|title=I radicali alle elezioni da soli: la nuova lista si chiamerà "+ Europa"|date=23 November 2017|access-date=14 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.it/2017/11/13/pd-radicali-incontro-al-nazareno-in-vista-delle-elezioni_a_23275409|title=Pd-Radicali, aperta la trattativa per un'intesa elettorale. Il segretario Magi: "Percorso avviato"|date=13 November 2017|access-date=14 August 2018}}</ref>

With the 2019 congress, the TRP, having met the membership targe of 3,000 both in 2017 and 2018,<ref name="Mozione-2019"/> returned to regular business. The new elected leadership included Turco as secretary, [[Diego Sabatinelli]] as president of the newly-formed general council and [[Irene Testa]] as treasurer, as well as three honorary presidents ([[Ettore Cannavera]], [[Michael Giffoni]] and [[Gaia Tortora]]).<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.partitoradicale.it/organi | title=Organi }}</ref>

In 2024, the TRP announced an electoral pact with [[Forza Italia (2013)|Forza Italia]] for the [[2024 European Parliament election in Italy|2024 European Parliament election]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fantozzi |first=Federico |date=2024-05-13 |title=In nome di Craxi e Pannella. Il patto (molto ideale) fra Forza Italia e Partito radicale |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.it/politica/2024/05/13/news/in_nome_di_craxi_e_pannella_il_patto_molto_ideale_fra_forza_italia_e_partito_radicale-15859533/ |access-date= |website=[[HuffPost|HuffPost Italia]] |language=it}}</ref>

==Leadership==
;1989–2016
*Secretary: [[Sergio Stanzani]] (1989–1993), [[Emma Bonino]] (1993–1995), [[Olivier Dupuis]] (1995–2003), [[Demba Traoré (politician)|Demba Traoré]] (2011–2014)
*President: [[Emma Bonino]] (1989–1993), [[Marco Pannella]] (1993–1995), [[Jean-François Hory]] (1995–2002), [[Sergio Stanzani]] (2002–2011)
**President of the Federal Council / Senate: [[Marco Pannella]] (1989–1993), [[Olivier Dupuis]] (1993–1995), [[Marco Pannella]] (2005–2016)
**Honorary President: [[Bruno Zevi]] (1989–1999), [[Sergio Stanzani]] (2011–2013)
*Treasurer: [[Paolo Vigevano]] (1989–1993), [[Ottavio Lavaggi]] (1993–1995), [[Danilo Quinto]] (1995–2005), [[Maurizio Turco]] (2005–2016)

;2016–2019
The 2016 congress elected a collective Presidency, composed of the following members: [[Matteo Angioli]], [[Angiolo Bandinelli]], [[Marco Beltrandi]], [[Rita Bernardini]] (coordinator), [[Maurizio Bolognetti]], [[Antonella Casu]] (coordinator), [[Antonio Cerrone]], [[Deborah Cianfanelli]], [[Maria Antonietta Coscioni]], [[Sergio D'Elia]] (coordinator), [[Mariano Giustino]], [[Giuseppe Rippa]], [[Giuseppe Rossodivita]],  [[Irene Testa]], [[Maurizio Turco]] (coordinator and legal representative), [[Valter Vecellio]], and [[Elisabetta Zamparutti]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radicalparty.org/it/content/organi-statutari|title=Organi statutari|access-date=14 August 2018}}</ref>

;2019–present
*Secretary: [[Maurizio Turco]] (2019–present)
**President of the General Council: [[Diego Sabatinelli]] (2019–present)
**Honorary President: [[Ettore Cannavera]] / [[Michael Giffoni]] / [[Gaia Tortora]] (2019–present)
*Treasurer: [[Irene Testa]] (2019–present)

==Members==
Current prominent members (as of December 2017):<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nrptt.org/ |website=servizi.radicalparty.org |title=Nonviolent Radical Party Transnational and Transparty |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171221011757/https://www.nrptt.org/ |archive-date=21 December 2017 |access-date=2017-12-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.partitoradicale.it/en/organization/ |title=Organization • PARTITO RADICALE Nonviolento Transpartito Transnazionale |website=www.partitoradicale.it |access-date=24 November 2022}}</ref>
* [[Emma Bonino]], former Italian Member of the European Parliament, [[European Commissioner]] and Italian Minister;
* [[Marco Cappato]], former Italian Member of the European Parliament;
* [[Maurizio Turco]], former Italian Member of the European Parliament;
* [[Andrè Gattolin]], Senator, France;
* [[Dolkun Isa]], President of World Uyghur Congress, China/Germany;
* [[Jianli Jang]] President of Initiative for China, China;
* [[Pandeli Majko]], former [[Prime Minister of Albania|Prime Minister]], Albania;
* [[Sam Rainsy]], President of the [[Cambodia National Rescue Party]], Cambodia;
* [[Tioulong Samura]], Member of Parliament, Cambodia;
* [[Mu Sochua]], Vice President of the [[Cambodia National Rescue Party]], Cambodia;
* [[Struan Stevenson]], former UK Member of the European Parliament;
* [[Najima Thay Thay Rhozali]], former Secretary of State for Literacy and non-formal Education, Morocco;
* [[Thubten Wangchen]], monk, Member of the Tibetan Parliament in Exile;
* [[Rama Yade]], former Secretary of State, France;

Former prominent members:<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://servizi.radicalparty.org/members/index_cg.php|title=I 50 membri del Consiglio Generale del Partito Radicale Nonviolento, Transnazionale e Transpartito|website=servizi.radicalparty.org|access-date=2017-12-03|language=IT|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120718100930/http://servizi.radicalparty.org/members/index_cg.php|archive-date=2012-07-18}}</ref>
*[[Marco Pannella]], former Italian Member of the European Parliament;
*[[Gianfranco Dell'Alba]], former Italian Member of the European Parliament;
*[[Benedetto Della Vedova]], Italian Undersecretary and former Italian Member of the European Parliament;
*[[Olivier Dupuis]], former Italian Member of the European Parliament;
*[[David Borden (activist)|David Borden]], Executive Director of [[DRCNet]];
*[[Enver Can]], President of the [[Eastern Turkistan National Congress]];
*[[Chris Davies (Liberal Democrat politician)|Chris Davies]], former British Member of the European Parliament;
*[[Wei Jingsheng]], President of the [[Chinese Overseas Coalition for Democracy]];
*[[Oumar Khambiev]], former [[Chechnya|Chechen]] Minister;
*[[Kok Ksor]], President of the [[Montagnard Foundation, Inc.]];
*[[Quan Nguyen]], President of the [[International Committee for the Nonviolent in Vietnam]];
*[[Arbën Xhaferi]], Chairman of the [[Democratic Party of Albanians]] in [[North Macedonia]];
*[[Vanida Tephsouvan]], Executive Director of the [[Lao Movement of Human Rights]];
*[[Arnold S. Trebach]], President [[International Antiprohibitionist League]];
*[[Vo Van Ai]], President of the [[Vietnam Committee for Human Rights]].

==See also==
*[[Right to know]]
*[[Rule of law]]
*[[Nonviolence]]
*[[Radicalism (historical)]]
*[[Italian Radicals (disambiguation)]]
*[[Liberalism and radicalism in Italy]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
*{{Official website|<!-- https://www.nrptt.org -->https://www.partitoradicale.it/en/}} (English-language version)
*{{Official website|<!-- http://www.radicalparty.org/it -->https://www.partitoradicale.it/}} (Italian-language version)
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Radical parties]]
[[Category:Radical parties in Italy]]
[[Category:Transnational political parties]]
[[Category:Nonviolence]]
[[Category:Cosmopolitanism]]
[[Category:Esperanto movement]]
[[Category:1989 establishments in Italy]]
[[Category:Organizations established in 1989]]