Editing Trilateral Commission

{{Short description|International political and economic discussion group}}
{{Infobox organization
| name           = The Trilateral Commission
| logo           = Trilateral.svg
| logo_size      = 200px
| type           = Annual conference
| founded_date   = {{start date|1973}}
| founders       = [[David Rockefeller]], [[Zbigniew Brzezinski]]
| headquarters   = {{ubl|[[Tokyo]] (Asia Pacific Group)|[[Paris]] (European Group)|[[Washington, D.C.]] (North American Group)}}
| origins        = 
| leader_title   = Chairman
| leader_name    = {{ubl|[[Takeshi Niinami]] (Asia Pacific chairman)|[[Jean-Claude Trichet]] (European chairman)|[[Meghan O'Sullivan]] (North American chairman)}}
| area_served    = 
| product        = 
| focus          = 
| method         = 
| revenue        = 
| endowment      = 
| num_volunteers = 
| num_employees  = 
| num_members    = More than 390
| subsid         = 
| owner          = 
| homepage       = {{URL|http://www.trilateral.org/}}
| dissolved      = 
| footnotes      = 
}}

The '''Trilateral Commission''' is a [[Non-governmental organization|nongovernmental]] [[international organization]] aimed at fostering closer cooperation between Japan, Western Europe and North America.<ref>{{cite web|title=David Rockefeller|url=http://www.trilateral.org/go.cfm?do=Page.View&pid=21|publisher=Trilateral Commission|access-date=14 March 2013}}</ref> It was founded in July 1973, principally by American banker and philanthropist [[David Rockefeller]], an [[Internationalism (politics)|internationalist]]<ref>{{Cite news|date=2017-04-08|title=Obituary: David Rockefeller died on March 20th|newspaper=The Economist|url=https://www.economist.com/obituary/2017/04/08/obituary-david-rockefeller-died-on-march-20th|access-date=2021-12-31|issn=0013-0613}}</ref> who sought to address the challenges posed by the growing economic and political interdependence between the U.S. and its allies in North America, Western Europe, and Japan.<ref name="about">{{cite web |url=http://trilateral.org/page/3/about-trilateral |title=ABOUT THE TRILATERAL COMMISSION |access-date=Jul 12, 2018}}</ref> The leadership of the organization has since focused on returning to "our roots as a group of countries sharing common values and a commitment to the rule of law, open economies and societies, and democratic principles".<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Us |url=https://www.trilateral.org/about/ |access-date=2024-05-23 |website=The Trilateral Commission |language=en-US}}</ref> 

The Trilateral Commission is headed by an executive committee and three regional chairs representing Europe, North America, and the Asia-Pacific region, with headquarters in Paris, Washington, D.C., and Tokyo, respectively. Meetings are held annually at locations that rotate among the three regions; regional and national meetings are held throughout the year.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Trilateral Commission {{!}} History & Facts {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Trilateral-Commission|access-date=2021-12-31|website=www.britannica.com|language=en}}</ref> Most gatherings focus on discussing reports and debating strategy to meet the commission's aims.{{citation needed|date=September 2019}}

The Trilateral Commission represents influential commercial and political interests. As of 2021, there were roughly 400 members, including leading figures in politics, business, media, and academia. Each country within the three regions is assigned a quota of members reflecting its relative political and economic strength.{{citation needed|date=September 2019}}

==History==

===Founding===
The Trilateral Commission was formed in 1973 by private citizens of Japan, North American nations (the U.S. and Canada), and Western European nations<ref name="about"/> to foster substantive political and economic dialogue across the world. The idea of the commission was developed in the early 1970s, a time of considerable discord among the United States and its allies in Western Europe, Japan, and Canada.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://trilateral.org/page/17/faq |title=FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
 |website=The Trilateral Commission |access-date=Jul 12, 2018}}</ref>
To quote its founding declaration:
* "Growing interdependence is a fact of life of the contemporary world. It transcends and influences national systems... While it is important to develop greater cooperation among all the countries of the world, Japan, Western Europe, and North America, in view of their great weight in the world economy and their massive relations with one another, bear a special responsibility for developing effective cooperation, both in their own interests and in those of the rest of the world."
* "To be effective in meeting common problems, Japan, Western Europe, and North America will have to consult and cooperate more closely, on the basis of equality, to develop and carry out coordinated policies on matters affecting their common interests... refrain from unilateral actions incompatible with their interdependence and from actions detrimental to other regions... [and] take advantage of existing international and regional organizations and further enhance their role."
* "The Commission hopes to play a creative role as a channel of free exchange of opinions with other countries and regions. Further progress of the developing countries and greater improvement of East-West relations will be a major concern."<ref name=Trilateral_Commission_FAQ_2011>{{cite web |url=http://www.trilateral.org/go.cfm?do=Page.View&pid=9#12 |title=The Trilateral Commission FAQ |publisher=The Trilateral Commission |year=2011 |access-date=2011-07-17}}</ref>
[[Zbigniew Brzezinski]], a Rockefeller advisor who was a specialist on international affairs (and later [[President Jimmy Carter]]'s [[National Security Advisor (United States)|National Security Advisor]] from 1977 to 1981), left [[Columbia University]] to organize the group, along with:<ref name="rockarch">[http://www.rockarch.org/collections/rockorgs/trilateral.pdf “The Trilateral Commission (North America) Records“]. ''Rockefeller Archives''. rockarch.org {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130617152745/http://www.rockarch.org/collections/rockorgs/trilateral.pdf |date=2013-06-17 }}</ref>
* [[Edwin Reischauer]], professor at [[Harvard University]] and [[United States Ambassador to Japan]], 1961{{ndash}}1966{{citation needed|date=October 2022}}
* [[George S. Franklin]], executive director of the [[Council on Foreign Relations]] 1953–1971<ref name="cfr.org">[https://www.cfr.org/historical-roster-directors-and-officers Historical Roster of Directors and Officers], Council on Foreign Relations</ref><ref name="nytimes.com">David Stout (March 7, 1996), [https://www.nytimes.com/1996/03/07/nyregion/george-s-franklin-jr-82-foreign-policy-expert.html "George S. Franklin Jr., 82, Foreign Policy Expert" obit], ''The New York Times:'' "From 1945 to 1971, he worked for the Council on Foreign Relations in New York, serving as executive director from 1953 to 1971. He served on the group's board for another decade."</ref> 
* [[Gerard C. Smith]], [[Strategic Arms Limitation Talks#SALT I Treaty|SALT I]] negotiator and its first North American chairman
* [[Henry D. Owen]], foreign policy studies director at the [[Brookings Institution]]<ref name=owen>[https://www.nytimes.com/1996/03/07/nyregion/george-s-franklin-jr-82-foreign-policy-expert.html George S. Franklin Jr., 82, Foreign Policy Expert] David Stout. New York Times. March 7, 1996. Retrieved May 12, 2016</ref>
* [[Max Kohnstamm]], [[European Policy Centre]]{{citation needed|date=October 2022}}
* [[Robert R. Bowie]], the Foreign Policy Association and director of the [[Harvard Center for International Affairs]]{{citation needed|date=October 2022}}
* [[Marshall Hornblower]], former partner at [[Wilmer, Cutler & Pickering]]{{citation needed|date=October 2022}}
* [[Tadashi Yamamoto]], [[Japan Center for International Exchange]]<ref name=asahi>{{cite news|title=Tadashi Yamamoto, pioneer of international exchange, dies at 76|url=http://ajw.asahi.com/article/behind_news/people/AJ201204160056|work=[[Asahi Shimbun]]|date=2012-04-16|access-date=2012-05-08|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120801070811/http://ajw.asahi.com/article/behind_news/people/AJ201204160056|archive-date=2012-08-01}}</ref>
* [[William Scranton]], former [[List of Governors of Pennsylvania|governor of Pennsylvania]]{{citation needed|date=October 2022}}

Other founding members included [[Alan Greenspan]] and [[Paul Volcker]], both later heads of the [[Federal Reserve System]].{{citation needed|date=October 2022}}

The organization's records are stored at the [[Rockefeller Archive Center]] in North Tarrytown, NY.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thehudsonindependent.com/treasures-within-a-treasure-the-rockefeller-archives-center/|title=Treasures Within a Treasure: The Rockefeller Archives Center|website=thehudsonindependent.com|language=en-US|access-date=2019-01-04|date=2018-02-27}}</ref>

==Meetings==
The Trilateral Commission initiated its biannual meetings in October 1973 in Tokyo, Japan. In May 1976 the first plenary meeting of all of the commission's regional groups took place in [[Kyoto]], Japan. Since the ninth meeting in 1978, plenary meetings have taken place annually. Besides annual plenary meetings, regional meetings have also taken place in each of the Asia Pacific Group, the European Group and the North American Group.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://trilateral.org/meeting.viewall |title=Meetings
 |website= The Trilateral Commission |access-date=Jul 12, 2018}}</ref> Since its founding, the discussion group has produced an official journal, ''Trialogue''.{{citation needed|date=September 2019}}

==Membership==
{{further|List of members of the Trilateral Commission}}
Membership is divided into numbers proportionate to each of the think tank's three regional areas. North America is represented by 120 members: 20 Canadian, 13 Mexican and 87 American. The European group has reached its limit of 170 members from almost every country on the continent; the ceilings for individual countries are 20 for Germany, 18 for France, Italy and the United Kingdom, 12 for Spain and 1–6 for the rest. At first Asia and Oceania were represented only by Japan, but in 2000 the Japanese group of 85 members became the Pacific Asia group, comprising 117 members: 75 Japanese, 11 South Koreans, seven Australian and New Zealand citizens, and 15 members from the [[ASEAN]] nations (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand). The Pacific Asia group also included 9 members from China, Hong Kong and Taiwan. The commission now claims "more than 100" Pacific Asian members.<ref name=Trilateral_Commission_FAQ_2011 />

The Trilateral Commission's bylaws apparently deny membership to public officials. It draws its members from politics, business, and academia, and has three chairpersons, one from each region. The current chairs are former U.S. Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs [[Joseph S. Nye, Jr.]], former head of the European Central Bank [[Jean-Claude Trichet]], and Yasuchika Hasegawa, chair of [[Takeda Pharmaceutical Company]].<ref name="Trilateral Commission Membership">
{{cite web
 | url = http://www.trilateral.org/download/file/TC_list_10-11_2.pdf
 | title = Trilateral Commission Membership
 | date = October 2011
 | access-date = 2011-11-12 }}</ref>

===Leadership===
As of September 2021<ref>[http://www.trilateral.org/pdf/TC_MEMBERSHIP_LIST.pdf Membership September 2021] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210922081603/https://www.trilateral.org/pdf/TC_MEMBERSHIP_LIST.pdf |date=2021-09-22 }}. Trilateral Commission.</ref>
{| class=wikitable
|-
!Name
!Position
|-
|[[Jean-Claude Trichet]] || European Chairman
|-
|[[Meghan O'Sullivan]] || North American Chairman
|-
|[[Akihiko Tanaka]] || Asia Pacific Chairman
|-
|[[Alexandra Papalexopoulou]] || European Deputy Chairman
|-
|[[Herminio Blanco Mendoza]] || North American Deputy Chairman
|-
|[[Barry Desker]] || Asia Pacific Deputy Chairman 
|-
|[[Carl Bildt]] || European Deputy Chairman
|-
|[[Jeffrey Simpson]] || North American Deputy Chairman
|-
|[[Jin Roy Ryu]] || Asia Pacific Deputy Chairman
|-
|[[David Rockefeller]] (deceased) || Founder
|-
|[[Peter Sutherland]] (deceased) || Honorary European Chairman
|-
|[[Georges Berthoin]] || European Honorary Chairman
|-
|[[Paul Volcker]] (deceased) || North American Honorary Chairman
|-
|[[Yasuchika Hasegawa]] || Asia Pacific Honorary Chairman
|-
|[[Paolo Magri]] || European Director
|-
|[[Richard Fontaine]] || North American Director
|-
|[[Hideko Katsumata]] || Asia Pacific Director
|}

===Notable members===
*[[Graham Allison]], Director of the [[Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs]] and Dean of the [[Harvard Kennedy School]]
*[[Alyssa Ayres]], Dean of the [[Elliott School of International Affairs]], George Washington University 
*[[Catherine Bertini]], Professor, [[Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs]]
*[[Antony Blinken]], [[U.S. Secretary of State]] 2021–2025, son of [[Donald M. Blinken|Donald Mayer Blinken]], stepson of [[Samuel Pisar]]<ref name="Tricoms" /><ref>Adam Shaw (July 14, 2021), [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/haley-blasts-blinken-invite-un-experts-racism-minority-issues "Nikki Haley blasts Blinken's invite to UN experts on racism, minority issues: 'This is insane' "], Fox News</ref> 
*[[Michael R. Bloomberg]], founder/CEO of [[Bloomberg L.P.]], [[mayor of New York City]] 2002–2013, namesake of largest U.S. school of public health at [[Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health|Johns Hopkins]]<ref name="Tricoms">(September 2021), [http://www.trilateral.org/pdf/TC_MEMBERSHIP_LIST.pdf Membership List] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210922081603/https://www.trilateral.org/pdf/TC_MEMBERSHIP_LIST.pdf |date=2021-09-22 }}, Trilateral Commission</ref><ref>(Oct. 6, 2014), [https://www.cbsnews.com/news/former-nyc-mayor-bestowed-honor-by-queen "Former NYC mayor bestowed honor by Queen"], CBS News: "[[Bloombеrg]] was made 'an Honorary Knight of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire' . . . Previous recipients of honorary knighthoods include . . . [[Bill Gatеs]] and actress-activist [[Angelina Jolie]]."</ref><ref>Robert Frank, (May 26, 2009), [https://www.wsj.com/articles/BL-WHB-1322 "Billionaires Try to Shrink World's Population, Report Says"], ''The Wall Street Journal:'' "The New York meeting of billionaires [[Bill Gates]], [[Warren Buffett]], [[David Rockefeller]], [[Eli Broad]], [[George Soros]], [[Ted Turner]], [[Oprah]], [[Michael Bloombеrg]] and others was . . . a friendly chat . . . . 'Taking their cue from Gates they agreed that overpopulation was a priority' . . . "</ref><ref>Intelligencer Dossier (July 22, 2019), [https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/07/jeffrey-epstein-high-society-contacts.html "Jeffrey Epstein's High Society Contacts"], ''New York'' magazine: "[[Michael Bloombеrg]] . . . found in [[Jeffrey Epstein|Epstein's]] black book."</ref><ref>Reuters (Sep 08, 2014) [https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/health/harvard-receives-record-350m-gift-public-health-school-article-1.1932463 "Harvard receives record $350M gift for public health school"], ''New York Daily News:'' "The largest cumulative donation to any U.S. university . . . is $1.1 billion . . . from former New York City Mayor [[Michaеl Bloomberg]] . . . to his alma mater Johns Hopkins University, including its now-eponymous [[JHSPH|[Bloomberg] School of Public Health]]."</ref><ref>Dana Vigue (Sep 8, 2020), [https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/08/health/coronavirus-pandemic-training-scenario/index.html "Experts predicted a coronavirus pandemic years ago. Now it's playing out before our eyes"], CNN: "In 2017, a team of experts at the [[Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security]] published a scenario as part of a training exercise that they believed could happen in the not-so-distant future. The SPARS Pandemic Scenario"</ref>
*Sophie Boissard, Chief Executive Officer, Korian Group
*[[Robert R. Bowie]], [[Director of Policy Planning]] 1953–1957, [[Foreign Policy Association]], co-founder with [[Henry Kissinger]] of [[Harvard Center for International Affairs]] 1958, [[Counselor of the United States Department of State|Counselor of the State Department]] 1966–1968, [[Members of the Council on Foreign Relations#Notable historical members|CFR]], CIA Chief National Intelligence Officer 1977–1979<ref name="rockarch" /><ref name="who">“Who's Who on the Trilateral Commission”. ''Trilateralism: The Trilateral Commission and Elite Planning for World Management''. Boston, MA: [[South End Press]], 1980. {{ISBN|0896081036}} {{ISBN|0896081044}} {{OCLC|6958001}} (pp. 90-122).</ref>
*[[Lael Brainard]], Chairman of the U.S. [[National Economic Council (United States)|National Economic Council]]; member of U.S. [[Federal Reserve Board|Federal Reserve's Board of Governors]]; former Under Secretary [[United States Department of the Treasury|U.S. Treasury]]
*[[Ian Bremmer]], president of [[Eurasia Group]] and GZERO Media<ref name="Tricoms"/>
*[[Nicola Brewer]], British diplomat, British High Commissioner to South Africa, [[Dame Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George|DCMG]]
*[[Esther Brimmer]], executive director/CEO of [[NAFSA: Association of International Educators]], [[Atlantic Council]] board; former [[Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs]]<ref name="Atlas">[https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/about/board-of-directors/ "Board of Directors"], The Atlantic Council</ref>
*[[Mark Brzezinski]], president and CEO of Brzezinski Strategies LLC, son of [[Zbigniew Brzezinski]], and [[U.S. Ambassador to Sweden]] 2011–2015<ref name="Tricoms"/>
*[[Zbigniew Brzezinski]], U.S. [[National Security Advisor (United States)|National Security Advisor]] in [[Presidency of Jimmy Carter|Carter administration]]<ref name=rockarch/><ref name=sutton/>
*Steve Bunnell, partner in [[O’Melveny & Myers]] LLP, former General Counsel at [[Department of Homeland Security|DHS]]
*[[R. Nicholas Burns]], [[U.S. Ambassador to China]] since 2021, professor and board member of the [[Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs]] at [[Harvard Kennedy School]], director of the [[Aspen Strategy Group]], senior counselor at The Cohen Group, board member of [[Entegris]] Inc., [[Members of the Council on Foreign Relations|CFR]] member, the [[Rockefeller Brothers Fund]], [[Fulbright scholar]] at [[Queen Mary University of London]] 2020, vice chair of the [[Ditchley Foundation|American Ditchley Foundation]], senior advisor at [[Chatham House]], [[Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs]] 2005–2008, [[Atlantic Council]] board<ref name="Atlas"/><ref name="Tricoms"/><ref>[https://www.aspeninstitute.org/our-people/nicholas-burns/ "Nicholas Burns" bio], The Aspen Institute</ref>
*[[George H. W. Bush]], [[President of the United States]] 1989–1993, [[Vice President of the United States]] 1981-1989<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Trilateral Shitpost Fire that was the 1980 GOP convention, part 1|url=https://substack.com/notes/post/p-135357967|author=Seth Cotlar|date=July 24, 2023|journal=Rightlandia|publisher=Substack|access-date=July 28, 2023}}</ref>
*[[Richard Cannings (British Columbia politician)]] Canadian Member of Parliament
*[[Ash Carter]], director of the [[Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs]] at [[Harvard Kennedy School]], [[U.S. Secretary of Defense]] 2015–2017, [[Members of the Council on Foreign Relations#Board of directors|CFR]] board, [[Aspen Strategy Group]], [[Atlantic Council]] honorary director<ref name="Atlas"/><ref name="Aspensgroup"/><ref name="Tricoms"/><ref name="CFRboard">[https://www.cfr.org/board-directors "Board of Directors"], Council on Foreign Relations</ref>
*[[Jimmy Carter]], [[President of the United States]] 1977–1981<ref name=who/><ref name=sutton/>
*[[Jean Charest]], partner in [[McCarthy Tétrault]] LLP, former [[Premier of Québec]], member of the [[Queen's Privy Council for Canada]]
*[[Michael Chertoff]], chairman/co-founder of The Chertoff Group, [[Secretary of Homeland Security]] 2005–2009, judge on the [[United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit|U.S. Court of Appeals for the 3rd Circuit]] 2001–2003, [[United States Assistant Attorney General|Assistant Attorney General]] for the [[United States Department of Justice Criminal Division|DoJ Criminal Division]] 2003–2005, [[Atlantic Council]] board<ref name="Atlas"/><ref name="Tricoms"/>
*[[Raymond Chrétien]], strategic adviser at [[Fasken]], former chair of the Montréal Council on Foreign Relations, former Associate Under Secretary of State of External Affairs, former Canadian Ambassador to the Congo, Belgium, Mexico, the United States, and France, nephew of [[Jean Chrétien]]<ref name="Tricoms"/>
*[[Heidi Crebo-Rediker]], former Chief Economist, U.S. [[United States Department of State|Department of State]] and Assistant Secretary of State; Senior Fellow, [[Council on Foreign Relations]]
*Helima Croft, Managing Director, [[RBC Capital Markets]]
* Lee Cullum, Journalist, PBS<ref>{{cite web|title=Lee Cullum|url=https://www.trilateral.org/people/lee-cullum/|website=The Trilateral Commission|access-date=22 July 2024}}</ref>
*[[Caroline Daniel]], British journalist, ''[[Financial Times]]''
*[[John M. Deutch]], [[Director of Central Intelligence|Director of CIA]] 1995–1996, [[Aspen Strategy Group]])<ref name="Aspensgroup"/>
*[[Paula Dobriansky]], Senior Fellow, Harvard Belfer Center; former U.S. Under Secretary of State for Global Affairs
*Wendy Dobson, Professor Emerita, Roman School of Management, University of Toronto
*[[Hedley Donovan]], former editor-in-chief of ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]''<ref name=sutton/>
*[[Nina Easton]], Co-CEO, SellerEaston, former Washington Editor of ''[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]]''
*[[Jeffrey Epstein]], former [[hedge fund]] manager convicted of sex trafficking in 2008, described as "an enthusiastic member of the Trilateral Commission" in 2002<ref>Landon Thomas Jr. (Oct. 28, 2002), [http://nymag.com/nymetro/news/people/n_7912/ "Jeffrey Epstein: International Moneyman of Mystery"], ''New York'' magazine: "He is an enthusiastic member of the Trilateral Commission and the [[Council on Foreign Relations]]."</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Jeffrey Epstein Was A Member Of The Trilateral Commission - Technocracy News & Trends {{!}} Podcast Search Engine by Vocalmatic|url=https://vocalmatic.com/podcasts/technocracy-news-trends/jeffrey-epstein-was-a-member-of-the-trilateral-commission|access-date=2020-12-07|website=vocalmatic.com}}</ref><ref>Tore Gjerstad & Gard Oterholm (2 Oct. 2020), [https://www.dn.no/magasinet/dokumentar/jeffrey-epstein/thorbjorn-jagland/terje-rod-larsen/bill-gates-and-jeffrey-epstein-met-with-nobel-committee-chair/2-1-885834 "Bill Gates and Jeffrey Epstein met with Nobel Committee chair"], ''[[Dagens Næringsliv]] Magasinet:'' "Not only did [[Thorbjørn Jagland|[Thorbjørn] Jagland]] meet Epstein, he hosted him at his lavish residence in [[Strasbourg, France]]. At the time, Jagland was the sitting chair of the committee, which awards the prestigious [[Nobel Peace Prize]]. Also present: a [[Bill Gates|philanthropist [Gates]]] touted as a possible Prize recipient."</ref><ref>(2013), [https://web.archive.org/web/20140115140208/http://www.jeffreyepsteineducation.com/ "Jeffrey Epstein, Education Activist, Applauds Bloomberg's Plan for New York City Charter Schools"], CBS MoneyWatch: " . . . Bloomberg's funding will come through his foundation, the Young Men's Initiative, which is also funded by [[Georgе Soros]] [[Open Society Foundations]]. . . . Jeffrey Epstein also founded the Program for Evolutionary Dynamics at [[Harvаrd University]] in 2003 with a $30 million grant. He is a former member of the Trilateral Commission, the Council on Foreign Relations, [[Rockefeller University]], [[New York Academy of Science]] and sits on the board of the Mind, Brain and Behavior Committee at Harvard University."</ref>
*Dawn Farrell, President and CEO, [[TransAlta Corporation]]
*[[Diana Farrell]], former CEO and President, JP Morgan Institute, former Head of [[McKinsey Global Institute]], former Deputy Director, U.S. [[National Economic Council (United States)|National Economic Council]]
*[[Larry Fink|Laurence "Larry" Fink]], [[Members of the Council on Foreign Relations#Board of directors|CFR]] board member, [[BlackRock]] CEO since 1988, [[WEF]] trustee<ref name="Tricoms"/><ref name="CFRboard"/><ref name="weforum.org">[https://www.weforum.org/about/leadership-and-governance "Leadership and Governance | Board of Trustees"], World Economic Forum</ref><ref>Charles Creitz (June 12, 2021), [https://www.foxnews.com/media/blackrock-investment-firms-killing-dream-home-ownership "BlackRock, other investment firms 'killing the dream' of home ownership, journalist says"], Fox News</ref>
*George S. Franklin, executive director of the [[Council on Foreign Relations]] 1953–1971<ref name=rockarch/><ref name=sutton>[[Antony C. Sutton]] and Patrick M. Wood (1978), [http://pdf.amazingdiscoveries.org/eBooks/Trilaterals-v1.pdf ''Trilaterals Over Washington'', Vol. 1] (pp. 155–165), Appendix A: Trilateral Commission Membership List, as of Oct. 15, 1978. The August Corporation {{ISBN|0933482019}} {{LCCN|7878277}}.</ref><ref name="cfr.org"/><ref name="nytimes.com"/>
*[[Richard N. Gardner|Richard Gardner]], [[Columbia University|Columbia]] law professor, [[U.S. Ambassador to Spain]] 1993–1997, [[U.S. Ambassador to Italy]] 1977–1981<ref name=sutton/>
*[[David Gergen]], [[Harvard Kennedy School]] professor, adviser to [[Presidency of Richard Nixon|Nixon]], [[Presidency of Gerald Ford|Ford]], [[Presidency of Ronald Reagan|Reagan]], [[Presidency of Bill Clinton|Clinton]], commentator for [[CNN]]<ref name="Tricoms"/><ref>[https://www.weforum.org/people/david-r-gergen "David R. Gergen" bio], World Economic Forum</ref><ref>David Gergen (2001), [https://books.google.com/books?id=68rBxuO7EsMC ''Eyewitness To Power''] Simon & Schuster</ref><ref>[https://www.hks.harvard.edu/faculty/david-gergen "David Gergen" faculty profile], Harvard Kennedy School</ref>
*[[Jamie S. Gorelick]], partner at [[WilmerHale]], [[U.S. Deputy Attorney General]] 1994–1997, [[General Counsel of the Department of Defense|General Counsel of DoD]] 1993–1994, defended [[BP]] after [[Deepwater Horizon oil spill|2010 oil spill]], [[9/11 Commission]] member, [[Amazon (company)|Amazon]] board member<ref>(17 Dec 2020), [https://boardofdirectorssalary.com/amazon/ Amazon Board of Directors Compensation and Salary ~ Jamie Gorelick $952,741]</ref><ref name="Tricoms"/>
*[[Donald E. Graham]], [[Graham Holdings]] chair since 2013, [[List of prizes won by The Washington Post|''Washington Post'']] publisher 1979–2000, [[Pulitzer Prize]] board 1999–2008, [[Facebook]] board 2009–2015, [[Bilderberg meeting]] attendee in 2009 and [[2010 Bilderberg Conference|2010]]<ref name="Tricoms"/><ref>(2008) [https://www.pulitzer.org/board/2008 "Pulitzer Prize Board 2007-2008"], The Pulitzer Prizes: "Graham served as a Pulitzer Prize board member from 1999-2008."</ref>
*Kelly Grier, former U.S. Chair and Managing Partner, [[Ernst & Young|EY]]
*[[Jane Harman]], former Member, [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. House of Representatives]]; President Emerita, [[Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars|Wilson Center]]
*[[Linda Hasenfratz]], CEO, [[Linamar]] Corporation
*[[Anniken Hauglie]], former Director General, Norwegian Oil and Gas Association, former Minister of Labour and Social Affairs, Norway
*[[Kerry Healey]], President of the Milken Center for Advancing the American Dream; former Lieutenant Governor of [[Massachusetts]]
*[[Marillyn Hewson|Marillyn A. Hewson]], Former Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, [[Lockheed Martin Corporation]]
*[[Fiona Hill (presidential advisor)|Fiona Hill]], ''[[The Globalist]]'' writer, former Senior Director for Europe and Russia of the [[U.S. National Security Council|NSC]]<ref>''The Globalist'' (Nov. 23, 2019), [https://www.theglobalist.com/fiona-hill-impeachment-hearings-donald-trump-russia-ukraine/ "Fiona Hill, Author at ''The Globalist''"], ''The Globalist:'' " . . . 
Fiona Hill recently testified in front of the House Intelligence Committee's impeachment hearings of Donald J. Trump. . . . An expert on Russia, she was the last witness to be called and took Congress to school."</ref><ref name="Tricoms"/><ref>Zack Budryk (Nov. 21, 2019), [https://thehill.com/homenews/house/471558-hill-says-soros-conspiracy-theories-are-new-protocols-of-the-elders-of-zion "Hill says Soros conspiracy theories are 'new Protocols of the Elders of Zion'"], ''The Hill''</ref>

*[[Carla Anderson Hills]], [[Members of the Council on Foreign Relations|CFR]] co-chair 2007–2017, U.S. [[HUD Secretary]] 1975–1977, [[U.S. Trade Representative]] 1989–1993<ref name="Tricoms"/>
*[[Mellody Hobson|Melody Hobson]], Co-CEO and President, [[Ariel Investments]]
*Gerda Holzinger-Burgstaller, Chief Executive Officer, [[Erste Bank]], Austria
*[[Karen Elliott House]], Former Publisher, The ''[[The Wall Street Journal|Wall Street Journal]]''; former Senior Vice President, Dow Jones & Company.
*[[Christopher B. Howard]], [[Robert Morris University]] president since 2016, [[Members of the Council on Foreign Relations|CFR]], [[List of Rhodes Scholars|Rhodes scholar]], [[Harvard Board of Overseers]], [[Aspen Strategy Group]]<ref name="Aspensgroup"/>
*[[Vivian Hunt]], British businesswoman and Managing Partner at [[McKinsey]], London
*[[Samuel P. Huntington]], former director of [[Harvard University|Harvard]]’s [[Center for International Affairs]], former [[White House]] Coordinator of Security Planning for the [[U.S. National Security Council]]<ref name=sutton/>
*[[David Ignatius]], ''[[Washington Post]]'' journalist, ''[[Body of Lies (novel)|Body of Lies]]'' author, [[Aspen Strategy Group]]<ref name="Aspensgroup"/><ref name="Tricoms"/>
*[[Ken Juster]], [[U.S. Ambassador to India]]
*[[Juliette Kayyem]], Lecturer in Public Policy, [[Harvard Kennedy School|JFK School of Government]], [[Harvard University]]; former Assistant Secretary, [[United States Department of Homeland Security|U.S. Department of Homeland Security]]
*[[John Kingman (businessman)|John Kingman]], British businessman and chairman at [[Legal & General]]
*[[Henry Kissinger]] [[List of current honorary Knights and Dames of the Order of St Michael and St George#Honorary Knights/Dames Commander (KCMG/DCMG)|KCMG]], [[National Security Advisor (United States)|National Security Adviser]] 1969–1975, [[U.S. Secretary of State]] 1973–1977, first chair of the [[9/11 Commission]] Nov.–Dec. 2002, author of [[National Security Study Memorandum 200|NSS Memo 200]], [[2010 Bilderberg Conference|Bilderberg attendee]], subject of ''[[The Trials of Henry Kissinger]],'' [[mentor]] of [[Klaus Schwab]], [[Atlantic Council]] board<ref name="Atlas"/><ref name="Tricoms"/><ref>Intelligencer Dossier (July 22, 2019), [https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/07/jeffrey-epstein-high-society-contacts.html "Jeffrey Epstein's High Society Contacts"], ''New York'' magazine: "[[Henry Кissinger]] . . . found in [[Jeffrey Epstein|Epstein's]] black book. One of the century's most notorious practitioners of cutthroat [[realpolitik]], Kissinger served on the Council on Foreign Relations with Epstein."</ref><ref>(April 22, 2002), [https://edition.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/europe/04/22/uk.kissinger/index.html "UK bid to arrest Kissinger fails"], CNN.com: "Kissinger's direction of the Vietnam War of the 1960s and 1970s amounted to a breach of British laws requiring people of all nationalities to observe the [[Geneva Conventions]] on the conduct of war. It is the latest legal bid made against Kissinger."</ref><ref>Klaus Schwab (Jan. 20, 2017), [https://www.weforum.org/events/world-economic-forum-annual-meeting-2017/sessions/86544 "A Conversation with Henry Kissinger on the World in 2017"], World Economic Forum: ". . . I met Dr. Kissinger the first time exactly 50 years ago at [[Harvаrd]]. . . . I would like to thank you personally also for the 50-year-long mentorship, and all the advice  you have given me."</ref><ref>[http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_First40Years_Book_2010.pdf ''The World Economic Forum | A Partner in Shaping History | The First 40 Years | 1971 – 2010''], p. 35: "Klaus Schwab with two important mentors, Henry Kissinger, . . .  his former professor at [[Hаrvard]], and [[Edward Heath]] . . ."</ref>
*[[Max Kohnstamm]], [[European Policy Centre]]<ref name=rockarch/>
*Jovan Kovacic, East West Bridge founder and president<ref name=sutton/>
*[[Nicholas D. Kristof]], ''New York Times'' columnist, [[Aspen Strategy Group]] member, [[List of Rhodes Scholars|Rhodes scholar]]<ref name="Tricoms"/><ref>[[Eric Lichtblau]] (Aug 9, 2008), [https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/09/washington/09anthrax.html "Scientist Officially Exonerated in Anthrax Attacks"], ''The New York Times''</ref><ref>Jerry Markon (July 14, 2004) [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A47994-2004Jul13.html "Former Army Scientist Sues ''New York Times,'' Columnist"], ''The Washington Post''</ref><ref>(Aug. 28, 2008), [https://www.rcfp.org/kristof-apologizes-hatfill-over-nyt-mr-z-columns/ "Kristof apologizes to Hatfill over NYT 'Mr. Z' columns"], Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press</ref><ref>[https://www.aspeninstitute.org/our-people/nicholas-d-kristof/ "Nicholas D. Kristof | Aspen Strategy Group member"] The Aspen Institute</ref>
*[[Stephanie Kusie]], Canadian Member of Parliament
*[[Monique F. Leroux|Monique Leroux]], Former Chair of the Board and CEO, [[Desjardins Group]]
*[[Tove Lifvendahl]], political editor-in-chief of [[Svenska Dagbladet]]<ref>[http://trilateral.org/download/files/membership/TC_list_4_2018(3).pdf Membership] Trilateral Commission.</ref>
*[[Cecilia Malmström|Cecilia Malmstrom]], former European Commissioner for Trade, European Commission
*[[Heather McPherson (politician)|Heather McPherson]], Canadian Member of Parliament
*[[Jami Miscik|Judith A. "Jami" Miscik]], [[Members of the Council on Foreign Relations|CFR]] vice chair, [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] Deputy Director for Intelligence 2002–2005, Global Head of Sovereign Risk at [[Lehman Brothers]] 2005–2008, [[President's Intelligence Advisory Board|PIAB]] chair 2014–2017, president/vice-chair of [[Kissinger Associates]] since 2009<ref name="Tricoms" /><ref name="CFRboard" />
*[[Andrea Mitchell]], Chief Foreign Affairs & Chief Washington Correspondent [[NBC News]], Anchor ''[[Andrea Mitchell Reports]],'' MSNBC; spouse of [[Alan Greenspan]]<ref name="Tricoms"/>
*[[Susan Molinari]], former Member, [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. House of Representatives]]
*[[Walter Mondale]],<ref name=sutton/> [[VPOTUS]] 1977–1981, candidate in [[1984 United States presidential election|1984 presidential election]]
*[[Mario Monti]], prime minister of Italy 2011–2013<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.trilateral.org/go.cfm?do=Page.View&pid=11 |title=European Region - www.trilateral.org |website=www.trilateral.org |access-date=19 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509143411/http://www.trilateral.org/go.cfm?do=Page.View&pid=11 |archive-date=9 May 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
*[[Heather Munroe-Blum]], Chair, [[Canada Pension Plan Investment Board]]
*[[John Negroponte]], U.S. [[Deputy Secretary of State]] 2007–2009, [[List of ambassadors of the United States to the United Nations|UN Ambassador]] 2001–2004, first [[Director of National Intelligence]] 2005–2007, subject of [[The Ambassador (2005 film)|''The Ambassador,'']] brother of [[MIT Media Lab]] founder [[Nicholas Negroponte]]<ref name="Tricoms" />
*[[Michelle Nunn]], President and CEO, [[Care International|CARE]]
*[[Joseph Nye]], former U.S. [[Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs]], [[Atlantic Council]] board<ref name="Atlas" /><ref name="sutton" /><ref name="who" />
*[[Claudia Olsson]], founder and chair, Stellar Capacity<ref>[https://www.trilateral.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/TC-MEMBERSHIP-LIST-MASTER-4-March-2022.pdf TC Membership List] trilateral.org</ref>
*[[Meghan O'Sullivan]], Trilateral Commission North American chair, [[Members of the Council on Foreign Relations|CFR]] board, [[Aspen Strategy Group]]<ref name="Aspensgroup">[https://www.aspeninstitute.org/team/aspen-strategy-group/ "Aspen Strategy Group" members], The Aspen Institute</ref>
*[[Henry D. Owen]], foreign policy studies director at the [[Brookings Institution]]<ref name=owen/><ref name=sutton/>
*[[Stephen Peel]], British private equity investor
*Martin J. Munsch III, U.S. United Nations Deputy Communications Pakistan Mission Relations 2003-2010 under Bush, Clinton 2003 - 2010<ref name="Aspensgroup" /><ref name="CFRboard" /><ref name="Tricoms" />
*[[Edwin O. Reischauer|Edwin Reischauer]], [[Harvard]] professor and [[U.S. Ambassador to Japan]], 1961–1966<ref name=rockarch/>
*[[Ginni Rometty]], former President and CEO of [[IBM]]
*[[David Rubenstein]], [[Members of the Council on Foreign Relations|CFR]] chair, [[Carlyle Group]] founder, namesake of [[Harvard Kennedy School|HKS]] building, [[World Economic Forum#Board of trustees|WEF]] trustee, [[Aspen Strategy Group]]<ref name="Aspensgroup" /><ref name="Tricoms" /><ref name="CFRboard" /><ref name="weforum.org" /><ref>[https://admissions.hks.harvard.edu/www/documents/HKS%20Campus%20Map%202018.pdf "HKS Campus Map & Directory"], [[Harvаrd]] Kennedy School (David Rubenstein building is just west of the [[Les Wexner#Jeffrey Epstein association|Leslie Wexner]] building — other namesakes on the map include [[A. Alfred Taubman#Philanthropy|Alfred Taubman]], [[Lucius Nathan Littauer]], [[Robert A. Belfer]], Batia & [[Idan Ofer]], [[Malcolm H. Wiener]], [[Joan Shorenstein]], etc.)</ref>
*[[Indira Samarasekera]], Bennett Jones, former president and former vice-chancellor of the [[University of Alberta]]
*[[David E. Sanger]], ''New York Times'' White House correspondent, [[Aspen Strategy Group]]<ref name="Aspensgroup" /><ref name="Tricoms" />
*[[Eric E. Schmidt]], ex-CEO of [[Google]], [[2010 Bilderberg Conference|Bilderberg attendee]]<ref name="Tricoms"/>
*[[Susan Schwab|Susan C. Schwab]], Former [[Office of the United States Trade Representative|U.S. Trade Representative]]
*[[William Scranton]], former governor of [[Pennsylvania]]<ref name=rockarch/>
*[[Kristen Silverberg]], President and COO, [[Business Roundtable]]; former [[U.S. Ambassador to the European Union]]
*[[Gerard C. Smith]], lead [[SALT]] 1 negotiator<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fortune.com/2015/01/30/6-of-the-worlds-most-exclusive-clubs-can-you-join/|title=8 of the world's most exclusive clubs — can you join?|website=Fortune}}</ref>
*[[Rajiv Shah]], [[Rockefeller Foundation]] president, [[Atlantic Council]] board<ref name="Atlas"/><ref name="Tricoms"/>
*[[Wendy Sherman]], U.S. [[Deputy Secretary of State]] since 2021; former professor of the practice of public leadership and director of the [[Center for Public Leadership]] at the [[Harvard Kennedy School]]; former Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs, [[United States Department of State|U.S. Department of State]]<ref name="Tricoms"/>
*[[Olympia Snowe]], [[U.S. Senator|U.S. senator]] from [[Maine]] 1995–2013<ref name="Tricoms"/>
*[[Keir Starmer]], British Prime Minister and leader of the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]]<ref>{{cite web |title=The Trilateral Commission |url=https://www.trilateral.org/download/files/membership/EU%20LIST%204_18(3).pdf |website=The Trilateral Commission |access-date=11 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226134956/https://www.trilateral.org/download/files/membership/EU%20LIST%204_18(3).pdf |archive-date=26 February 2019 |date=April 2018}}</ref>
*[[James B. Steinberg]], [[U.S. Deputy Secretary of State]] 2009–2011 under [[Presidency of Barack Obama|Obama]], [[Deputy National Security Advisor]] 1997–2001 under [[Presidency of Bill Clinton|Clinton]], [[Members of the Council on Foreign Relations|CFR member]], [[Aspen Strategy Group]], [[2010 Bilderberg Conference|Bilderberg attendee]]<ref name="Tricoms"/><ref name="Aspensgroup"/>
*[[Jake Sullivan]], U.S. [[National Security Advisor]] since 2021<ref name="Tricoms"/>
*[[Carole Taylor]], former Chair CBC/Radio Canada, former Chair, Canadian Ports
*[[Frances Townsend]], [[Homeland Security Advisor]] 2004–2008, [[Members of the Council on Foreign Relations#Board of directors|CFR]] board, [[Aspen Strategy Group]], [[Atlantic Council]] board<ref name="Atlas" /><ref name="Aspensgroup" /><ref name="Tricoms" /><ref name="CFRboard" />
*Philip H. Trezise, [[Center for Law and Social Policy]]<ref name=sutton/>
*[[Cyrus Vance Sr.]], [[U.S. Secretary of State]] 1977–1980<ref name=sutton/>
*[[Jacob Wallenberg]], [[2010 Bilderberg Conference|Bilderberg attendee]], "prince in Sweden's royal family of finance"<ref>Jane Martinson (June 16, 2006), [https://www.theguardian.com/business/2006/jun/16/privateequity "Jacob Wallenberg £11bn prince in Sweden's royal family of finance"], ''[[The Guardian]]''</ref> 
*[[Marcus Wallenberg (born 1956)|Marcus "Husky" Wallenberg]], Swedish banker formerly at [[Citibank]], [[Deutsche Bank]], [[S. G. Warburg & Co.]], [[Citicorp]] and the [[SEB Group]]
*[[Paul Warnke|Paul C. Warnke]], [[Center for Law and Social Policy]], Clifford, Warnke, Glass, McIlwain & Finney<ref name=sutton/>
*[[David Willetts]], [[British Conservative Party]] [[peerage]]
*[[Tadashi Yamamoto]], [[Japan Center for International Exchange]]<ref name=asahi/><ref name=rockarch/><ref name=sutton/>
*[[Robert Zoellick]], [[World Bank]] president 2007–2012, [[Members of the Council on Foreign Relations|CFR]] member, [[2010 Bilderberg Conference|Bilderberg attendee]]<ref name="Tricoms" />
*Nigel Higgins, Chairman of [[Barclays|Barclays Bank]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nigel Higgins |url=https://www.trilateral.org/people/nigel-higgins/ |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=The Trilateral Commission |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Assessments==
Social critic and academic [[Noam Chomsky]] has criticized the commission as undemocratic, pointing to its key publication ''[[The Crisis of Democracy]]'', which describes the strong popular interest in politics during the 1970s as an "excess of democracy".<ref>{{cite book|title=Profit over people : neoliberalism and global order|last=Noam.|first=Chomsky|date=1999|publisher=Seven Stories Press|isbn=1888363827|edition=Seven Stories Press 1st|location=New York|oclc=39505718}}</ref> He has cited it as one of the most interesting and insightful books showing the modern democratic system not to really be a democracy at all, but controlled by elites who seek to keep the general public disengaged from genuine democratic participation by subtle and mostly non-violent methods and to redefine democracy itself in operative terms that enshrine their own interests as a tiny privileged minority. Chomsky adds that as it was an internal discussion, they felt free to "let their hair down" and to talk openly about the need for an increasingly active and defiant public to be reduced back to its proper state of apathy and obedience lest it continue to use democratic means to deprive them of their power.<ref>{{citation|last=Chomsky's Philosophy|title=Noam Chomsky - The Crisis of Democracy|date=2017-04-18|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2F9rKBYwIlA |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/2F9rKBYwIlA| archive-date=2021-12-11 |url-status=live|access-date=2018-09-03}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

Critics accuse the Commission of promoting a global consensus among the international ruling classes in order to manage international affairs in the interest of the financial and industrial elites under the Trilateral umbrella.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VBjMHTCQ7HA Cold Warriors: The Trilateral Commission] (Documentary). 1984.</ref><ref>“The Commission's Purpose, Structure, and Programs: In Its Own Words”. ''Trilateralism: The Trilateral Commission and Elite Planning for World Management''. Boston: [[South End Press]], 1980. {{ISBN|0-89608-103-6}}, {{ISBN|0-89608-104-4}}, {{OCLC|6958001}}. pp. 83-89.</ref>

In his 1980 book ''With No Apologies'', Republican Senator [[Barry Goldwater]] suggested that the discussion group was "a skillful, coordinated effort to seize control and consolidate the four centers of power: political, monetary, intellectual, and ecclesiastical... [in] the creation of a worldwide economic power superior to the political governments of the nation-states involved."<ref>[[Barry Goldwater|Goldwater, Barry]]. ''With No Apologies''. Co-authored with [[Stephen Shadegg]]. Berkley, 1980. {{ISBN|0-425-04663-X}} p. 299.</ref>

==Conspiracy theories involving the Trilateral Commission==

Some [[conspiracy theorists]] believe the organization to be a central plotter of a [[world government]] or [[synarchy]]. In his book ''Among the Truthers: A Journey Through America's Growing Conspiracist Underground'', [[Jonathan Kay]] wrote that Luke Rudkowski interrupted a lecture by former Trilateral Commission director [[Zbigniew Brzezinski]] in April 2007 and accused the organization and a few others of having [[9/11 conspiracy theories|orchestrated the 9/11 attacks]] to initiate a new world order.<ref name="Among the Truthers">[[Jonathan Kay|Kay, Jonathan]]. Among the Truthers: A Journey Through America's Growing Conspiracist Underground. New York: Harpers, 2011. {{ISBN|978-1-55468-630-8}}. pp. 200–201</ref>

Economist [[Anthony C. Sutton]] was critical of the Trilateral Commission's goals and methods, characterizing them as a "rich man's club." Yet he also wrote: "The Trilateral Commission is not a conspiracy. Its membership list is completely public - it costs a postage stamp to get one" and characterized the group as "completely above ground" in promoting their agenda. Furthermore, Sutton noted he had debated a high-ranking member of the group on a radio broadcast and concluded: "Conspirators just don't appear on radio talk shows to debate their objectives."<ref>Anthony C. Sutton (1983). America's Secret Establishment: An Introduction to the Order of Skull & Bones. Liberty House Press Inc
ISBN-13: 9780937765029</ref>  

Neo-conservative pundit [[Charles Krauthammer]] mockingly alluded to the conspiracy theories about the commission when he was asked in 2012 who makes up the "Republican establishment", saying, "[[Karl Rove]] is the president. We meet every month on the full moon... [at] the [[Freemasonry|Masonic Temple]]. We have the ritual: Karl brings the incense, I bring the live lamb and the long knife, and we began... with a pledge of allegiance to the Trilateral Commission."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nationalreview.com/corner/289544/krauthammers-take-nro-staff |title=Krauthammer's Take |access-date=January 26, 2012| publisher=[[Special Report with Bret Baier]]}}</ref>

==Publications==
'''Books'''
* {{cite book
 |last1=Crozier |first1=Michel
 |last2=Huntington |first2=Samuel
 |last3=Watanuki |first3=Joji
 |title=The Crisis of Democracy: Report on the Governability of Democracies to the Trilateral Commission
 |location=New York |publisher=[[New York University Press]] |year=1975
 |isbn=0-8147-1365-3|title-link=The Crisis of Democracy
 }}
* {{cite book
 |title=The Global Economic Crisis
 |location=Washington, D.C.|publisher=[[Brookings Institution]] |year=2011
 |isbn=978-0-930503-93-2}}
* {{cite book
 |title=Nuclear Disarmament and Nonproliferation
 |location=Washington, D.C.|publisher=[[Brookings Institution]] |year=2011
 |isbn=978-0-930503-94-9}}

== See also ==
{{Portal |Politics}}
{{div col|colwidth=20em|small=yes}}
* [[Bilderberg Group]]
* [[World Economic Forum]]
* [[Bohemian Grove]]
* [[Samuel Huntington (political scientist)|Samuel Huntington]] (author of ''[[The Crisis of Democracy]]'')
* [[Valdai Discussion Club]]
* [[Internationalism (politics)|Internationalism]]
{{div col end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==

* ''The Crisis of Democracy'' (1975). A Report on the Governability of Democracies to the Trilateral Commission. [[New York University Press]].

==Further reading==
'''Articles'''
*[[Zbigniew Brzezinski|Brzezinski, Zbigniew]]. [https://doi.org/10.2307%2F20037815 “America and Europe”]. ''[[Foreign Affairs]]'', Vol. 49, No. 1, October 1970. {{doi|10.2307/20037815}} (pp.&nbsp;11–30) Includes Brzezinski's proposal for the establishment of a body like the Trilateral Commission.

'''Books'''
* [[Zbigniew Brzezinski|Brzezinski, Zbigniew]]. ''Between Two Ages: America's Role in the Technetronic Era''. New York, NY: [[Viking Press]], 1970. {{oclc|88066}}
* [[Stephen Gill (political scientist)|Gill, Stephen]]. ''American Hegemony and the Trilateral Commission'' (Cambridge Studies in International Relations). [[Cambridge University Press]], 1991. {{ISBN|052142433X}} {{oclc|246854587}}
* [[Jonathan Kay|Kay, Jonathan]]. [https://archive.org/details/amongtruthersjo00kayj ''Among the Truthers: A Journey Through America's Growing Conspiracist Underground'']. New York, NY: [[Harper (publisher)|Harper]], 17 May 2011. {{ISBN|0062004816}}
* [[David Rockefeller|Rockefeller, David]]. [https://archive.org/details/davidrockefeller00davi ''Memoirs'']. New York, NY: [[Random House]], 2002. {{ISBN|0679405887}}
* [[Holly Sklar|Sklar, Holly]]. ''Trilateralism: The Trilateral Commission and Elite Planning for World Management''. Boston, MA: [[South End Press]], 1980. {{ISBN|0896081036}}
*[[Antony C. Sutton|Sutton, Antony C.]] [https://books.google.com/books?id=nc0nvgAACAAJ ''Trilaterals Over America'']. Boring, OR: CPA Book Publishers, 1995. {{ISBN|978-0944379325}} {{OCLC|39366977}}. 162 pages.
*Wood, Patrick M. ''Technocracy Rising: The Trojan Horse Of Global Transformation''. Coherent Publishing, 2014. {{ISBN|978-0986373909}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://www.trilateral.org/}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110927043211/http://www.trilateral.org/download/file/TC%20list%208-11%20(5).pdf   Membership as of August 2011]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150601134518/http://www.trilateral.org/download/file/TC_list_4-15(3).pdf    Membership as of April 2015]
* [http://trilateral.org/download/files/TC_list_12_16.pdf    Membership as of December 2016] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125233912/http://trilateral.org/download/files/TC_list_12_16.pdf |date=2021-01-25 }}
* [http://www.trilateral.org/pdf/TC_MEMBERSHIP_LIST.pdf Membership as of September 2021] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210922081603/https://www.trilateral.org/pdf/TC_MEMBERSHIP_LIST.pdf |date=2021-09-22 }}
* [https://www.trilateral.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/TC-MEMBERSHIP-LIST-MASTER-4-March-2022.pdf Membership as of March 2022]
* [http://www.straightdope.com/classics/a2_295.html Is the Trilateral Commission the secret organization that runs the world?] (Fact check against conspiracy theories from ''[[The Straight Dope]]'', 1987)

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[[Category:1973 establishments in Washington, D.C.]]
[[Category:Conspiracy theories]]
[[Category:Foreign policy and strategy think tanks in the United States]]
[[Category:Institutions founded by the Rockefeller family]]
[[Category:Organizations established in 1973]]
[[Category:Japan–United States relations]]
[[Category:France–Japan relations]]
[[Category:France–United States relations]]
[[Category:Trilateral relations]]
[[Category:Organizations based in Washington, D.C.]]
[[Category:Organizations based in Paris]]
[[Category:Organizations based in Tokyo]]