Editing Tropidurus

{{short description|Genus of reptiles}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Tropidurus oreadicus.jpg
| image_caption = ''[[Tropidurus oreadicus]]'' on a wall in [[Belém]], Brazil
| name = ''Tropidurus''
| taxon = Tropidurus
| authority = [[Prince Maximilian of Wied-Neuwied|Wied-Neuwied]], 1824<ref>[https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=208874 ''Tropidurus''] Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).</ref>
| type_species = ''[[Tropidurus torquatus|Lacerta torquata]]''
| type_species_authority = [[Wied-Neuwied]], 1820
| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
| subdivision = 29, see [[#Species|text]]
| synonyms = *''Platynotus''
*''Strobilurus''
*''Tapinurus''
and see text
}}

'''''Tropidurus''''' is a [[genus]] of [[reptile]]s. The genus  includes many [[species]] of [[Neotropical]] ground lizards ([[family (biology)|family]] [[Tropiduridae]]). ''Tropidurus'' is the type genus of the family Tropiduridae.

==Geographic range and habitat==
[[Species]] in the genus ''Tropidurus'' are found on the [[South America]]n mainland, especially in the [[Amazon Rainforest]], but also in more [[arid]] regions.

==Common name==
No [[common name]] is widely used solely for species of the genus ''Tropidurus''. In their native range, they are simply called ''lagartixa'', as are most similar animals. If anything, the [[Brazil]]ian term ''calango'' is used to particularly refer to lizards of the genus ''Tropidurus''.

==Taxonomy==
The genus ''Tropidurus'' contains 30 described species, but new ones continue to be discovered. An additional seven species&mdash;the [[Galápagos lava lizards]] [[endemism|endemic]] to the [[Galápagos Islands]]&mdash;are sometimes placed here, too, but more commonly separated in the genus ''[[Microlophus]]'', instead. Similarly, the [[Green Thornytail Iguana|green thornytail iguana]] and [[Tropical Thornytail Iguana|tropical thorny iguana]] are now often separated into the minor, but probably distinct ''[[Uracentron]]'' lineage, instead. In this article, these two genera are kept separate, while ''Platynotus'', ''Strobilurus'', and ''Tapinurus'' are included in ''Tropidurus''.

==Description==
Males and females of all ''Tropidurus'' species are marked differently. The male is usually much larger than the female, and his body is more brightly coloured and distinctly patterned. The typical size of ''Tropidurus'' lizards varies greatly from [[habitat]] to habitat as does the pattern of body markings, even among individuals of the same species. Like many lizards, they show changes of colour with mood and temperature.

==Species==
[[File:Tropidurus catalanensis-basking.jpg|thumb|''[[Tropidurus catalanensis|T. catalanensis]]'' basking at [[Iguazu Falls]]]]
These species are recognized as being valid:<ref>{{EMBL genus|genus=Tropidurus}} www.reptile-database.org.</ref>

*''[[Tropidurus azurduyae]]'' {{small|[[species:André Luiz Gomes de Carvalho|A.L.G. Carvalho]], [[species:Luis Rolando Rivas|L. Rivas]], [[species:Ricardo Céspedes|Céspedes]] & [[species:Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues|Rodrigues]], 2018}}
*''[[Tropidurus bogerti]]'' {{small|[[Janis Roze|Roze]], 1958}} – keeled lava lizard
*''[[Tropidurus callathelys]]'' {{small|[[species:Michael B. Harvey|M.B. Harvey]] & [[species:Ronald L. Gutberlet Jr.|Gutberlet]], 1998}}
*''[[Tropidurus catalanensis]]'' {{small|[[Eduardo Gudynas|Gudynas]] & [[species:Gabriel Skuk|Skuk]], 1983}}
*''[[Tropidurus chromatops]]'' {{small|M.B. Harvey & Gutberlet, 1998}}
*''[[Tropidurus cocorobensis]]'' {{small|Rodrigues, 1987}}
*''[[Tropidurus erythrocephalus]]'' {{small|Rodrigues, 1987}}
*''[[Tropidurus etheridgei]]'' {{small|[[species:José Miguel Cei|Cei]], 1982}} – Etheridge's lava lizard
*''[[Tropidurus guarani]]'' {{small|[[species:Blanca Beatriz Álvarez|Álvarez]], Cei & [[species:José Alejandro Scolaro|Scolaro]], 1994}}
*''[[Tropidurus helenae]]'' {{small|([[species:Paulo Roberto Manzani|Manzani]] & [[species:Augusto Shinya Abe|Abe]], 1990)}}
*''[[Tropidurus hispidus]]'' {{small|([[Johann Baptist von Spix|Spix]], 1825)}}<!-- BiodiversConserv17:2037. --> – Peters's lava lizard, neotropical lava lizard
*''[[Tropidurus hygomi]]'' {{small|[[Johannes Theodor Reinhardt|J.T. Reinhardt]] & [[Christian Frederik Lütken|Lütken]], 1861}} – Reinhardt's lava lizard
*''[[Tropidurus imbituba]]'' {{small|[[species:Tobias Saraiva Kunz|Kunz]] & [[species:Márcio Borges-Martins|Borges-Martins]], 2013}}<ref>{{EMBL species|genus=Tropidurus|species=imbituba}} www.reptile-database.org.</ref>
*''[[Tropidurus insulanus]]'' {{small|Rodrigues, 1987}}
*''[[Tropidurus itambere]]'' {{small|Rodrigues, 1987}}
*''[[Tropidurus jaguaribanus]]'' {{small|[[species:Daniel Cunha Passos|Passos]], [[species:Daniel Cassiano Lima|Lima]] & [[species:Diva Maria Borges-Nojosa|Borges-Nojosa]], 2011}}<ref>[[species:Daniel Cunha Passos|Passos DC]], [[species:Daniel Cassiano Lima|Lima DC]], [[species:Diva Maria Borges-Nojosa|Borges-Nojosa DM]] (2011). "A new species of ''Tropidurus'' (Squamata, Tropiduridae) of the ''semiaeniatus'' group from a semiarid area in Northeastern Brazil". ''Zootaxa'' '''2930''': 60-68.</ref>
*''[[Tropidurus lagunablanca]]'' {{small|A.L.G. Carvalho, 2016}}<ref name=carvalho>[[species:André Luiz Gomes de Carvalho|Carvalho ALG]] (2016). [http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstream/handle/2246/6638/N3853.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y "Three new species of the ''Tropidurus spinulosus'' group (Squamata: Tropiduridae) from Eastern Paraguay".] ''American Museum Novitates'' (3853): 1-44.</ref>
*''[[Tropidurus melanopleurus]]'' {{small|[[George Albert Boulenger|Boulenger]], 1902}} – black lava lizard
*''[[Tropidurus montanus]]'' {{small|Rodrigues, 1987}}
*''[[Tropidurus mucujensis]]'' {{small|Rodrigues, 1987}}
*''[[Tropidurus oreadicus]]'' {{small|Rodrigues, 1987}}
<!--  * ''[[Tropidurus panstictus]]'' {{small|Myers & Donnelly, 2001}} (= Plica pansticta)  -->
*''[[Tropidurus pinima]]'' {{small|(Rodrigues, 1984)}}
*''[[Tropidurus psammonastes]]'' {{small|Rodrigues, [[species:Sanae Kasahara|Kasahara]] & [[species:Yatiyo Yonenaga-Yasuda|Yonenaga-Yasuda]], 1988}}<!-- Pap.Avuls.Zool.45:261. -->
*''[[Tropidurus semitaeniatus]]'' {{small|(Spix, 1825)}}<!-- BiodiversConserv17:2037. --> – striped lava lizard
*''[[Tropidurus sertanejo]]'' {{small|A.L.G. Carvalho, et al., 2016}}<ref>Carvalho ALG et al. (2016). [http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstream/handle/2246/6637/N3852.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y "A new ''Tropidurus'' (Tropiduridae) from the semiarid Brazilian Caatinga: evidence for conflicting signal between mitochondrial and nuclear loci affecting the phylogenetic reconstruction of South American collared lizards".] ''American Museum Novitates'' (3852): 1-66.</ref>
*''[[Tropidurus spinulosus]]'' {{small|([[Edward Drinker Cope|Cope]], 1862)}} – spiny lava lizard
*''[[Tropidurus torquatus]]'' {{small|([[Prince Maximilian of Wied-Neuwied|Wied-Neuwied]], 1820)}} – Amazon lava lizard
*''[[Tropidurus xanthochilus]]'' {{small|M.B. Harvey & Gutberlet, 1998}}

''[[Nota bene]]'': A [[Binomial nomenclature|binomial authority]] in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than ''Tropidurus''.

==References==
{{commons category}}
{{Wikispecies}}
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
*[[Prince Maximilian of Wied-Neuwied|Wied-Neuwied M]] (1824). "''Verzeichniss der Amphibien, welche in zweyten Bande der Naturgeschichte Brasiliens vom Prinz Max von Neuwied werden beschrieben werden. (Nach [[Blasius Merrem|Merrems]] Versuch eines Systems Amphibien)'' ". ''Isis von Oken'' '''14''': 661–673. (''Tropidurus'', new genus, p.&nbsp;663). (in German).


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[[Category:Tropidurus]]
[[Category:Lizard genera]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Prince Maximilian of Wied-Neuwied]]