Editing Turdus

{{Short description|Genus of birds}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = ''Turdus''
| image = Turdus viscivorus Brych y coed.jpg
| image_caption = [[Mistle thrush]] (''T. viscivorus''), the type species of the genus
| taxon = Turdus
| authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]]
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = See text
| type_species = ''[[Turdus viscivorus]]''
}}

'''''Turdus''''' is a [[genus]] of medium-sized mostly insectivorous or omnivorous [[bird]]s in the wider thrush family, [[Thrush (bird)|Turdidae]]. The genus name ''Turdus'' is [[Latin]] for 'thrush'.

Most of the species are called '''thrushes'''; the term [[thrush (disambiguation)|thrush]]<!--intentional link to DAB page--> is also used for many other birds in the family Turdidae, as well as for a few species belonging to other families. Some Old World species with fully or largely black plumage are called '''blackbirds''', and one, the [[ring ouzel]], still retains the [[Old English]] name '''ouzel''', which, until the [[17th century]], was also used (as "black ouzel") for the [[common blackbird]]; it is cognate with the German name [[:de:Amsel|Amsel]] for the same species.<ref name="Lockwood">{{cite book | last=Lockwood | first=William Burley | title=The Oxford Book of British Bird Names | publisher=Oxford University Press | publication-place=Oxford | date=1984 | isbn=0-19-214155-4 | page=112}}</ref> Some New World species are called '''robins''', the best known of which is the [[American robin]]. Two other species have their own distinct names without "thrush", [[fieldfare]] and [[redwing]], derived from behavioural characteristics and plumage features, respectively.

The genus has a [[cosmopolitan distribution]], with species in Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas.<ref name="Clement">{{cite book | last=Clement | first=Peter | last2=Hathway | first2=Ren | title=Thrushes | publisher=A & C Black | publication-place=London | date=2000-11-30 | isbn=0-7136-3940-7 | page=}}</ref> Several species have colonised oceanic islands, and two European species have been [[introduced species|introduced]] by man into Australia and New Zealand.

All the species are uniform in size and structure, with the great majority between 22–28 cm long; the smallest ([[Vanikoro island thrush]]) being 17–19 cm, and the largest ([[great thrush]]) being 28–33 cm. All have slender, medium-length bills. Plumage is far more variable; the only fully shared character is that the recently fledged juveniles are spotted on the breast and streaked on the back. Adult colours range from the "classical" thrush pattern of a plain brown back and a spotted breast (e.g. [[mistle thrush]], [[song thrush]]), through all-brown (e.g. [[clay-colored thrush]], [[black-billed thrush]]) or all-black (e.g. [[common blackbird]], [[glossy-black thrush]]), pied (e.g. [[ring ouzel]], [[white-collared blackbird]]), to orange- to red-breasted, either subtly (e.g. [[rufous-bellied thrush]], [[grey-backed thrush]]) or boldly (e.g. [[American robin]], [[red-throated thrush]]). Some show sexual dimorphism with the males brighter or more intensely coloured than the often browner females, while in others, the sexes are identical in plumage. All are [[omnivore|omnivorous]], with a mixed diet of invertebrates, fruit, and small seeds. The temperate northern hemisphere species are [[bird migration|migratory]] to a greater or lesser extent to avoid the harsh freezing winters of northern Eurasia and North America, while the subtropical, tropical, and southern hemisphere species are generally nonmigratory. Many, or most, are noted for their melodious songs. Almost all occur in habitats with trees and shrubs, but many will also use open ground away from trees; some are highly adapted to rocky mountainous habitats, using steep slopes and rocks adeptly in predator avoidance. Many have adapted well to human presence and are common in urban and suburban gardens, while some are shy and avoid human presence, particularly where there is any history of [[bird hunting]].<ref name="Clement"/>

While some species have been split out of ''Turdus'', the thrushes formerly separated in the genera ''[[Cataponera]]'', ''[[Cichlherminia]]'', ''[[Nesocichla]]'', ''[[Platycichla]]'' and ''[[Psophocichla]]'' by various authors have been restored to the present genus in recent years.<ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela C. Rasmussen | date=August 2024 | title=Thrushes | work=IOC World Bird List Version 14.2 | url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/thrushes/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=25 September 2024 }}</ref>

==Taxonomy and systematics==
The genus ''Turdus'' was formally named by the Swedish naturalist [[Carl Linnaeus]] in 1758 in the [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|tenth edition]] of his ''[[Systema Naturae]]''.<ref>{{cite book | last=Linnaeus | first=Carl | author-link=Carl Linnaeus | year=1758 | title= Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis | volume=1| edition=10th | page=168 | publisher=Holmiae:Laurentii Salvii  | language=la | url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/727075 }}</ref> The [[type species]] was subsequently designated as the [[mistle thrush]].<ref>{{ cite book | editor1-last=Mayr | editor1-first=Ernst | editor1-link=Ernst Mayr | editor2-last=Paynter | editor2-first=Raymond A. Jr | year=1964 | title=Check-list of Birds of the World | volume=10 | publisher=Museum of Comparative Zoology  | place=Cambridge, Massachusetts | page=177 | url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14486366 }}</ref> The name ''Turdus'' is the Latin word for a "thrush".<ref name=job>{{cite book | last= Jobling | first= James A | year= 2010| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | url= https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling | publisher= Christopher Helm | location = London | isbn = 978-1-4081-2501-4 | page = [https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n293 293]}}</ref>

===Current species===
The genus contains 104 extant [[species]] of which two are recently extinct:<ref name=ioc/>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Image !! Common Name !! Scientific name  !! Distribution
|-
|[[File:Groundscraper Thrush (Turdus litsitsirupa), Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park (6451619527).jpg|120px]]
|[[Groundscraper thrush]]
|''Turdus litsitsirupa''
|Angola, Botswana, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eswatini,  Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe
|-
|[[File:Ethiopian Thrush, Gondar, Ethiopia.jpg|120px]]
|[[Ethiopian thrush]]
|''Turdus simensis''
| Ethiopia, Eritrea
|-
|[[File:Turdus mupinensis.jpg|120px]]
|[[Chinese thrush]]
|''Turdus mupinensis''
|China and far northern Vietnam
|-
|[[File:Song thrush.jpg|120px]]
|[[Song thrush]]
|''Turdus philomelos''
|Europe, North Africa and the Middle East
|-
|[[File:Turdus viscivorus.001 - Cardiff.jpg|120px]]
|[[Mistle thrush]]
|''Turdus viscivorus''
|Europe and temperate Asia
|-
|[[File:Africanthrush.jpg|120px]]
|[[African thrush]]
|''Turdus pelios''
|from Senegal and Gambia in the west to South Sudan, Ethiopia and Eritrea south to north-western Zambia and western Angola
|-
|[[File:Turdus xanthorhynchus, Príncipe 1.jpg|120px]]
|[[Príncipe thrush]]
|''Turdus xanthorhynchus''
|Príncipe
|-
|[[File:São Tomé thrush (Turdus olivaceofuscus).jpg|120px]]
|[[São Tomé thrush]]
|''Turdus olivaceofuscus''
|São Tomé
|-
|[[File:Mountain thrush.jpg|120px]]
|[[Abyssinian thrush]]
|''Turdus abyssinicus''
|Africa from South Sudan south to northern Mozambique
|-
|[[File:Turdus helleri, Taita Hills, Kenya 1.jpg|120px]]
|[[Taita thrush]]
|''Turdus helleri''
|Taita Hills in Kenya
|-
|[[File:Turdus roehli.jpg|120px|alt=A small brown bird with a white underbelly standing on some dirt or mulch]]
|[[Usambara thrush]]
|''Turdus roehli''
|Tanzania
|-
|[[File:Olive Thrush RWD.jpg|120px]]
|[[Olive thrush]]
|''Turdus olivaceus''
|Tanzania and Zimbabwe in the north to the Cape of Good Hope
|-
|[[File:Kurrichane Thrush, Sakania, DRC (7001803096).jpg|120px]]
|[[Kurrichane thrush]]
|''Turdus libonyana''
|Angola, Botswana, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eswatini, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe
|-
|[[File:TurdusBewsheriKeulemans.jpg|120px]]
|[[Comoro thrush]]
|''Turdus bewsheri''
|Comoros Islands
|-
|[[File:Turdus tephronotus 18652174.jpg|120px]]
|[[Bare-eyed thrush]]
|''Turdus tephronotus''
|Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, and Tanzania
|-
|[[File:Turdus smithi (Karoo Thrush) on lawn (crop).jpg|120px]]
|[[Karoo thrush]]
|''Turdus smithi''
|South Africa, where it is present in Little Namaqualand, the Karoo and Northern Cape, Free State, Gauteng, Limpopo, Mpumalanga and parts of the North West Province
|-
|[[File:MerulaLudoviciaeKeulemans.jpg|120px]]
|[[Somali thrush]] or  Somali&nbsp;blackbird
|''Turdus ludoviciae''
|Somalia
|-
|[[File:Turdus merula mandarinus Hong Kong 6.jpg|120px]]
|[[Chinese blackbird]]
|''Turdus mandarinus''
|south, central and east China
|-
|[[File:Redwing Turdus iliacus.jpg|120px]]
|[[Redwing]]
|''Turdus iliacus''
|Europe and Asia, from Iceland south to northernmost Scotland, and east through Scandinavia, the Baltic States, northern Poland and Belarus, and through most of Russia to about 165°E in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
|-
|[[File:Common Blackbird.jpg|120px]]
|[[Common blackbird]]
|''Turdus merula''
|temperate Eurasia, North Africa, the Canary Islands, and South Asia
|-
|[[File:Yemen Thrush, Al Bahah, Saudi Arabia 260923258.jpg|120px]]
|[[Yemen thrush]]
|''Turdus menachensis''
|Middle East
|-
|[[File:Taiwan Thrush 1161 (cropped).jpg|120px]]
|[[Taiwan thrush]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Species Updates – IOC World Bird List|url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/updates/species-updates/|access-date=2021-05-27}}</ref>
|''Turdus niveiceps''
|Taiwan
|-
|[[File:Grey-winged Blackbird - Bhutan S4E0223 (17234373941).jpg|120px]]
|[[Grey-winged blackbird]]
|''Turdus boulboul''
|south-eastern Asia from the Himalayas to northern Vietnam
|-
|[[File:Turdus simillimus Coonoor 8.jpg|120px]]
|[[Indian blackbird]]
|''Turdus simillimus''
|India and Sri Lanka
|-
|[[File:Tickell's Thrush male.jpg|120px]]
|[[Tickell's thrush]]
|''Turdus unicolor''
|Himalayas, and  peninsular India
|-
|[[File:Turdus dissimilis male - Ang Khang.jpg|120px]]
|[[Black-breasted thrush]]
|''Turdus dissimilis''
|south-western China
|-
|[[File:Wiki-kurotsugumi-1.jpg|120px]]
|[[Japanese thrush]]
|''Turdus cardis''
|central China and Japan and northern Laos and Vietnam
|-
|[[File:Grey-backed Thrush 0739.jpg|120px]]
|[[Grey-backed thrush]]
|''Turdus hortulorum''
|north-eastern China and Russia Far East and winters in southern China and northern Vietnam
|-
|[[File:Eyebrowed Thrush.jpg|120px]]
|[[Eyebrowed thrush]]
|''Turdus obscurus''
|Siberia south to China and Southeast Asia
|-
|[[File:Pale Thrush - Taiwan S4E8071 (17027483687).jpg|120px]]
|[[Pale thrush]]
|''Turdus pallidus''
|south-east Siberia, north-east China and Korea and may breed in Japan
|-
|[[File:SYT4752 Grey-sided thrush.jpg|120px]]
|[[Grey-sided thrush]]
|''Turdus feae''
|north-east China and migrating to subtropical or tropical moist montane forest in India, and Indochina
|-
|[[File:Brown-headed Thrush 6016.jpg|120px]]
|[[Brown-headed thrush]]
|''Turdus chrysolaus''
|Sakhalin, the Kuril Islands, Japan, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, Hainan and the northern Philippines
|-
|[[File:Turdus celaenops 60369535.jpg|120px]]
|[[Izu thrush]]
|''Turdus celaenops''
|Izu and Ryukyu Islands of Japan
|-
|
|[[Mindoro island thrush]]
|''Turdus mindorensis'' (split from ''T. poliocephalus'')
|montane [[Mindoro]] (northwest [[Philippines]])
|-
|[[File:Luzon Island Thrush 1.jpg|120px]]
|[[Luzon island thrush]]
|''Turdus thomassoni'' (split from ''T. poliocephalus'')
|montane [[Luzon]] (north Philippines)
|-
|
|[[Mindanao island thrush]]
|''Turdus nigrorum'' (split from ''T. poliocephalus'')
|montane [[Negros]] and [[Mindanao]] (Philippines)
|-
|
|[[Wallacean island thrush]]
|''Turdus schlegelii'' (split from ''T. poliocephalus'')
|montane [[Sulawesi]] and [[Timor]]
|-
|
|[[Christmas island thrush]]
|''Turdus erythropleurus'' (split from ''T. poliocephalus'')
|[[Christmas Island]]
|-
|[[File:Anis gunung (Turdus poliocephalus) in Gurung Merapi National Park.jpg|120px]]
|[[Sundaic island thrush]]
|''Turdus javanicus'' (split from ''T. poliocephalus'')
|montane [[Sumatra]], [[Java]] and [[Borneo]]
|-
|
|[[Moluccan island thrush]]
|''Turdus deningeri'' (split from ''T. poliocephalus'')
|montane [[Taliabu]] and [[Seram]]
|-
|
|[[Papuan island thrush]]
|''Turdus papuensis'' (split from ''T. poliocephalus'')
|montane [[New Guinea]] and [[Goodenough Island]] ([[D'Entrecasteaux Islands]])
|-
|
|[[Bismarck island thrush]]
|''Turdus heinrothi'' (split from ''T. poliocephalus'')
|[[Bismarck Archipelago]]
|-
|
|[[Bougainville island thrush]]
|''Turdus bougainvillei'' (split from ''T. poliocephalus'')
|montane [[Bougainville Island]] (north [[Solomon Islands]])
|-
|
|[[Solomons island thrush]]
|''Turdus kulambangrae'' (split from ''T. poliocephalus'')
|montane [[Kolombangara]] and [[Guadalcanal]] (Solomon Islands)
|-
|
|[[Vanikoro island thrush]]
|''Turdus vanikorensis'' (split from ''T. poliocephalus'')
|[[Vanuatu]] and [[Utupua]]
|-
|
|[[White-headed island thrush]]
|''Turdus pritzbueri'' (split from ''T. poliocephalus'')
|south [[Vanuatu]]
|-
|
|[[New Caledonian island thrush|New&nbsp;Caledonian&nbsp;island&nbsp;thrush]]
|''Turdus xanthopus'' (split from ''T. poliocephalus'')
|[[New Caledonia]] and satellites
|-
|
| † [[Tasman Sea island thrush]]
|''Turdus poliocephalus''
|[[Lord Howe Island]] and [[Norfolk Island]] (east of Australia) (extinct)
|-
|
|[[Samoan island thrush]]
|''Turdus samoensis'' (split from ''T. poliocephalus'')
|[[Savaiʻi]] and [[Upolu]] in [[Samoa]]
|-
|[[File:Island Thrush 0A2A2578.jpg|120px]]
|[[Fiji island thrush]]
|''Turdus ruficeps'' (split from ''T. poliocephalus'')
|[[Fiji]]
|-
|[[File:Tibetan Blackbird (Turdus maximus) 1 cropped.jpg|120px]]
|[[Tibetan blackbird]]
|''Turdus maximus''
|Himalayas from northern Pakistan to south-eastern Tibet
|-
|[[File:White-backed Thrush, Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.jpg|120px]]
|[[White-backed thrush]]
|''Turdus kessleri''
|central China
|-
|[[File:Björktrast (Turdus pilaris)-6.jpg|120px]]
|[[Fieldfare]]
|''Turdus pilaris''
|Norway, Sweden, Finland, Belgium, Eastern France, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Poland and Siberia as far east as Transbaikal, the Aldan River, the Tian Shan Mountains in North West China, Anatolia, Israel, Iran and Northwest India, and occasionally north-east India. It is a vagrant to Iceland, Greenland, Spitsbergen, the Canary Islands, the Balearic Islands, Madeira, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily, Malta and Cyprus. It is a very rare breeder in the British Isles, but winters in large numbers in the United Kingdom, Southern Europe, North Africa and the Middle East.
|-
|[[File:2015-04-20 Turdus torquatus torquatus Cairngorm 1.jpg|120px]]
|[[Ring ouzel]]
|''Turdus torquatus''
|western and central Europe and also in the Caucasus and in the Scandinavian mountains
|-
|[[File:Black-throated Thrush (Turdus atrogularis) (50752404103).jpg|120px]]
|[[Black-throated thrush]]
|''Turdus atrogularis''
|east of Europe to Western Siberia and north-west Mongolia
|-
|[[File:Red-throated Thrush (Turdus ruficollis) (53423034738).jpg|120px]]
|[[Red-throated thrush]]
|''Turdus ruficollis''
|Asia
|-
|[[File:Turdus naumanni eunomus s2.JPG|120px]]
|[[Dusky thrush]]
|''Turdus eunomus''
|south to south-east Asia, principally in China and neighbouring countries
|-
|[[File:Naumans Thrush 6805.jpg|120px]]
|[[Naumann's thrush]]
|''Turdus naumanni''
|South Asia to Southeast Asia
|-
|[[File:Chestnut Thrush Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve West Sikkim India 21.02.2016.jpg|120px]]
|[[Chestnut thrush]]
|''Turdus rubrocanus''
|western Himalayas and central to south-western China; it winters in Eastern Himalaya and northern Southeast Asia
|-
|[[File:White-collared Blackbird Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve West Sikkim India 15.02.2016.jpg|120px]]
|[[White-collared blackbird]]
|''Turdus albocinctus''
|Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal and Pakistan
|-
|[[File:Sulawesi Thrush - Sulawesi MG 5140 (17234338791).jpg|frameless|120x120px]]
|[[Sulawesi thrush]]
|''Turdus turdoides''
|Sulawesi Island in Indonesia
|-
|[[File:Turdus-migratorius-002.jpg|120px]]
|[[American robin]]
|''Turdus migratorius''
|North America, from Alaska and Canada southward to northern Florida and Mexico
|-
|[[File:Merle enfumé.jpg|120px]]
|[[Black thrush]]
|''Turdus infuscatus''
|El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Mexico
|-
|[[File:RCRO.jpg|120px]]
|[[Rufous-collared thrush]]
|''Turdus rufitorques''
|Central America, south of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, occurring in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Chiapas state in Mexico
|-
|[[File:Sooty Robin JCB.jpg|120px]]
|[[Sooty thrush]]
|''Turdus nigrescens''
|Costa Rica and western Panama
|-
|[[File:Red-legged Thrush (Turdus plumbeus) RWD.jpg|120px]]
|[[Red-legged thrush]]
|''Turdus plumbeus''
|The Bahamas, Cayman Brac, Cuba, Dominica, Hispaniola (Dominican Republic and Haiti), Puerto Rico
|-
|
|[[Grand Cayman thrush]] 
|†''Turdus ravidus''
|Grand Cayman (extinct since 1938)
|-
|[[File:White-chinned Thrush RWD2.jpg|120px]]
|[[White-chinned thrush]]
|''Turdus aurantius''
|Jamaica
|-
|[[File:Turdus lherminieri of Guadeloupe.jpg|frameless|119x119px]]
|[[Forest thrush]]
|''Turdus lherminieri''
|Dominica, Guadeloupe, Montserrat, and Saint Lucia
|-
|[[File:Mountain Robin - Central Highlands - Costa Rica MG 6385 (26103585153).jpg|120px]]
|[[Mountain thrush]]
|''Turdus plebejus''
|southern Mexico to western Panama
|-
|[[File:Flickr - Rainbirder - African Thrush (Turdus pelios).jpg|120px]]
|[[Pale-eyed thrush]]
|''Turdus leucops''
|Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, and Venezuela
|-
|[[File:White-eyed Thrush RWD.jpg|120px]]
|[[White-eyed thrush]]
|''Turdus jamaicensis''
|Jamaica
|-
|[[File:La Selle Thrush.jpg|120px]]
|[[La Selle thrush]]
|''Turdus swalesi''
|Hispaniola (Dominican Republic and Haiti)
|-
|[[File:Chestnut-bellied Thrush (5304204959).jpg|120px]]
|[[Chestnut-bellied thrush]]
|''Turdus fulviventris''
|western Venezuela, western Colombia, Ecuador, northern Peru and north-western Bolivia
|-
|[[File:Plumbeous-backedThrush.jpg|120px]]
|[[Plumbeous-backed thrush]]
|''Turdus reevei''
|Ecuador and Peru
|-
|[[File:Chiguanco Thrush RWD5.jpg|120px]]
|[[Chiguanco thrush]]
|''Turdus chiguanco''
|Ecuador and the Altiplano
|-
|[[File:TurdusNigricepsSmit.jpg|120px]]
|[[Andean slaty thrush]]
|''Turdus nigriceps''
|north-west Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru
|-
|[[File:Glossy-black Thrush RWD3.jpg|120px]]
|[[Glossy-black thrush]]
|''Turdus serranus''
|northern Venezuela to north-western Argentina
|-
|[[File:Black-hooded Thrush - Paraulata Cabecinegra (Turdus olivater olivater) Waraira Repano National Park.jpg|120px]]
|[[Black-hooded thrush]]
|''Turdus olivater''
|Venezuela and Colombia
|-
|[[File:GreatThrush.jpg|120px]]
|[[Great thrush]]
|''Turdus fuscater''
|Andes in western and northern Venezuela as far as Lara and Trujillo, the Andes of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and finally, northwest Bolivia
|-
|[[File:Turdus falcklandii.jpg|120px]]
|[[Austral thrush]]
|''Turdus falcklandii''
|south Argentina and south and central Chile
|-
|[[File:Turdus lawrencii Lawrence's Thrush; Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil.jpg|120px]]
|[[Lawrence's thrush]]
|''Turdus lawrencii''
|Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela
|-
|
|[[Pantepui thrush]]
|''Turdus murinus''
|foothills of south Venezuela and Guyana
|-
|[[File:Turdus subalaris Eastern Slaty-Thrush; Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil.jpg|120px]]
|[[Blacksmith thrush]]
|''Turdus subalaris''
|north-east Argentina, eastern Paraguay and southern Brazil
|-
|[[File:SABIÁ-POCA (Turdus amaurochalinus)2.jpg|120px]]
|[[Creamy-bellied thrush]]
|''Turdus amaurochalinus''
|central and eastern South America
|-
|[[File:Nesocichla eremita -Inaccessible Island, cropped.jpg|120px]]
|[[Tristan thrush]]
|''Turdus eremita''
|British overseas territories of the isolated Tristan da Cunha archipelago
|-
|[[File:Turdus maranonicus 115226992.jpg|120px]]
|[[Marañón thrush]]
|''Turdus maranonicus''
|southern Ecuador and northern Peru
|-
|[[File:Black-billed Thrush - Manu NP 8730 (16612461424).jpg|120px]]
|[[Black-billed thrush]]
|''Turdus ignobilis''
|western Amazonia and on the Guianan Shield, occurring in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, and Bolivia
|-
|[[File:Turdus arthuri - The birds of British Guiana 1921.jpg|120px]]
|[[Campina thrush]]
|''Turdus arthuri''
|lowlands of south-eastern Venezuela, Guyana and Suriname, east Colombia and west-central Amazonian Brazil
|-
|[[File:Turdus flavipes -Parque Estadual da Serra da Cantareira, Sao Paulo, Brazil-8.jpg|120px]]
|[[Yellow-legged thrush]]
|''Turdus flavipes''
|northern Colombia, Venezuela, far northern Brazil, Trinidad, and Tobago, as well as parts of the Pakaraima Mountains in western Guyana, eastern Brazil, eastern Paraguay, and far northeastern Argentina
|-
|[[File:Mirlo Garganta Blanca, White Throated Thrush, Turdus assimilis (13362733943), crop.jpg|120px]]
|[[White-throated thrush]]
|''Turdus assimilis''
|Central America
|-
|
|[[Dagua thrush]]
|''Turdus daguae''
|Panama to north-western Ecuador
|-
|[[File:Turdus albicollis -Parque Estadual da Serra da Cantareira, Sao Paulo, Brasil-8.jpg|120px]]
|[[White-necked thrush]]
|''Turdus albicollis''
|eastern Brazil, far northern Uruguay, eastern Paraguay and far north-eastern Argentina
|-
|[[File:Turdus rufopalliatus.jpg|120px]]
|[[Rufous-backed thrush]]
|''Turdus rufopalliatus''
|south-eastern Sonora to the south-eastern corner of Oaxaca along the coast and in the Río Balsas drainage, with isolated populations in Mexico City and Oaxaca City
|-
|[[File:Turdus obsoletus.jpg|120px|alt=A small brown bird with a greenish-looking underside on some branches.]]
|[[Pale-vented thrush]]
|''Turdus obsoletus''
|Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, and Peru
|-
|[[File:Flickr - Dario Sanches - SABIÁ-BARRANCO Imaturo (Turdus leucomelas).jpg|120px]]
|[[Pale-breasted thrush]]
|''Turdus leucomelas''
|eastern and northern South America
|-
|[[File:Turdus fumigatus 1.jpg|120px]]
|[[Cocoa thrush]]
|''Turdus fumigatus''
|South America
|-
|[[File:Turdus hauxwelli.jpg|120px]]
|[[Hauxwell's thrush]]
|''Turdus hauxwelli''
|Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela
|-
|[[File:Flickr - Dario Sanches - SABIÁ-LARANJEIRA (Turdus rufiventris).jpg|120px]]|| [[Rufous-bellied thrush]]|| ''Turdus rufiventris''||southeast Brazil from Maranhão south to Rio Grande do Sul states, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern regions of Argentina
|-
|[[File:Costa Rica's National Bird (16506655516).jpg|120px]]
|[[Clay-colored thrush]]
|''Turdus grayi''
|South Texas (where it is rapidly expanding its range) to northern Colombia
|-
|[[File:Bare-eyed Thrush (5529613751).jpg|120px]]
|[[Spectacled thrush]]
|''Turdus nudigenis''
|South America from Colombia and Venezuela south and east to northern Brazil, and in Trinidad and Tobago
|-
|[[File:Ecuadorian Thrush (Turdus maculirostris) (20081987352).jpg|120px]]
|[[Ecuadorian thrush]]
|''Turdus maculirostris''
|western Ecuador and far north-western Peru
|-
|[[File:Turdus sanchezorum.jpg|120px|alt=A brown bird with a white underbelly and a yellow beak stands on a thick branch.]] || [[Várzea thrush]] || ''Turdus sanchezorum''||western Amazon
|-
|
|[[Unicolored thrush]]
|''Turdus haplochrous''
|Bolivia
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
*{{ cite journal | last1=Voelker | first1=G. | last2=Rohwer | first2=S. | last3=Bowie | first3=R.C.K. |  last4=Outlaw | first4=D.C. | year=2007 | title=Molecular systematics of a speciose, cosmopolitan songbird genus: defining the limits of, and relationships among, the ''Turdus'' thrushes | journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume=42 | issue=2 | pages=422–434 | doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2006.07.016 | pmid=16971142| bibcode=2007MolPE..42..422V }}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Turdus}}
*[http://ibc.lynxeds.com/family/thrushes-turdidae Videos, photos and sounds] - The Internet Bird Collection

{{Passerida|M.|state=collapsed}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q115661}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Turdidae]]
[[Category:Turdus| ]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]]