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Val Marie
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{{Short description|Village in Saskatchewan, Canada}} {{For|the surrounding rural municipality|Rural Municipality of Val Marie No. 17}} {{Use Canadian English|date=December 2024}} {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Val Marie | official_name = Village of Val Marie | native_name = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --> | other_name = | settlement_type = Village | image_skyline = Val_marie_elevator.jpg | image_caption = Val Marie grain elevator | image_flag = | image_seal = | image_shield = | nickname = | motto = | image_map = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = CAN SK Val Marie#Saskatchewan#Canada | pushpin_label_position = right | pushpin_map_caption = Val Marie | coordinates = {{coord|49|14|44|N|107|43|45|W|region:CA-SK_source:http://www4.rncan.gc.ca/search-place-names/unique/HAITI|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Canada | subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Saskatchewan]] | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = [[Census divisions of Saskatchewan|Census division]] | subdivision_name3 = [[Division No. 4, Saskatchewan|4]] | subdivision_type4 = [[List of rural municipalities in Saskatchewan|Rural Municipality]] | subdivision_name4 = [[Rural Municipality of Val Marie No. 17|Val Marie]] | established_title = | established_date = | government_type = | government_footnotes = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Roland Facette | leader_title1 = Council | leader_name1 = {{plainlist| * John Reynolds * Rene Perrault * Jacques Beauchamp * Glenn Baxter}} | leader_title2 = Administrator | leader_name2 = Cathy Legault | leader_title3 = [[House of Commons of Canada|Member of Parliament]] | leader_name3 = {{MP Cypress Hills}} | leader_title4 = [[Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] | leader_name4 = {{MLA Wood River}} | unit_pref = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 795 | elevation_ft = | population_footnotes = | population_total = 120 | population_as_of = 2021 | population_density_km2 = | population_note = | timezone = CST | utc_offset = | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | postal_code_type = [[Postal code]] | postal_code = S0N 2T0 | area_code = 306 | blank_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]] | blank_info = [[Semi-arid climate#Cold semi-arid climates|BSk]] |blank1_name = [[List of Saskatchewan provincial highways|Highways]] |blank1_info = [[Saskatchewan Highway 18|Highway 18]] | website = | footnotes = }} '''Val Marie''' ([[Canada 2021 Census|2021 population]]: {{nts|120}}) is a village in the [[Provinces and territories of Canada|Canadian province]] of [[Saskatchewan]] within the [[Rural Municipality of Val Marie No. 17]] and [[Division No. 4, Saskatchewan|Census Division 4]]. It is about 30 kilometres from the [[Canada–United States border]]. Considered the gateway to the [[Grasslands National Park]], Val Marie's economy is largely based on [[wheat]] [[farming]], [[ranching]], and [[tourism]]. Some [[natural gas]] has been found nearby. Employment includes agriculture, federal government (Grasslands National Park and Canadian Border Services), tourism (hotel and accommodation, restaurant, retail, etc) and a significant [[natural gas]] compressor relay station at the [[Montana]] border. ==Etymology== Fr. [[Louis-Pierre Gravel]], missionary and promoter of much French Catholic immigration to southwestern Saskatchewan, originally called this settlement Rivière des Français after the nearby [[Frenchman River]]. For an unknown reason, he proposed a different name in a 1911 report to the superintendent of immigration: Libreval ("Free Valley"). Ultimately, neither of Gravel's suggestions were used, and Val Marie ("Valley of Mary"), was coined by Fr. Claude Passaplan, missionary priest in the area. Before coming to Val Marie, Passaplan served as the first Roman Catholic parish priest in [[Swift Current]].<ref name="SKtoponyms">{{cite book|last=Barry|first=Bill|url=https://archive.org/details/geographicnameso0000barr|title=Geographic Names of Saskatchewan|publisher=People Places Publishing Ltd.|year=2005|isbn=1-897010-19-2|location=Regina, Saskatchewan|url-access=registration}}</ref> == History == The first European investigation of the area was conducted by the [[Palliser Expedition]] (1857–1859), supported by the [[Royal Geographical Society]] and the British Government, and led by John Palliser, a wealthy Irish landowner. He was accompanied by geologist James Hector, and various cartographers and botanists. They studied the natural resources and agricultural potential of the Palliser area — including Val Marie — and reported the place as dismally dry, prone to drought, and unfit for habitation. The dismissive conclusions slowed settlement in the area for decades. Artifacts of native civilization are significant. In 1877, Tatanka Iyotake [[Sitting Bull]] crossed from the USA into Canada along the [[Frenchman River]] (which flows through Val Marie) after his victory over [[General Custer]] at [[Battle of the Little Bighorn]]. The community of Val Marie – Valley of Mary – was founded in 1910 by Father Passaplan, Louis Denniel, and the brothers François and Léon Pinel. Most of the early settlers were ranchers and farmers from [[Quebec]] and [[France]]. Val Marie was incorporated as a village on September 13, 1926.<ref name=Incorporation>{{cite web | url=http://municipal.gov.sk.ca/Municipal-History/Urban-Incorporated-Dates | title=Urban Municipality Incorporations | publisher=Saskatchewan Ministry of Government Relations | access-date=June 1, 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141015042810/http://municipal.gov.sk.ca/Municipal-History/Urban-Incorporated-Dates | archive-date=October 15, 2014}}</ref> By 1939, two irrigation reservoirs were built near Val Marie by the PFRA ([[Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Agency]]) in coordination with [[Ducks Unlimited]]. Over {{convert|10000|acres|km2}} are irrigated through the system which provides some stabilization through droughts that plague the area. Originally settled by French ranchers, the village remained largely ethnically French and by the 1950s had 450 people. Amenities then included three gasoline stations, a hospital, convent, bakery, bank, and several cafes and stores. The population declined significantly with low grain commodity prices and droughts in the 1980s. English is now universally spoken as the last unilingual Francophone resident died in 1981.<ref>http://www.badbeekeeping.com/badbeek.htm Bad Beekeeping - Val Marie, 2004, pp 87-88, Ron Miksha</ref> The Grasslands National Park has attracted some new people into the area; full-time and seasonal employees for the park, as well as recent retirees now call Val Marie home. On August 14, 2004, ''Grasslands – Where Heaven Meets Earth'', a [[site-specific art]] performance, was held in the community and park. The event was a collaboration of Canadian artists including Bill Coleman, [[Edward Poitras]], [[Gordon Monahan]], and [[Margie Gillis]]. == Geography == === Grasslands National Park === The West Block of [[Grasslands National Park]] lies 10 km east of Val Marie. The park is the only place in Canada where [[black-tailed prairie dog]] colonies are found. In 2006, [[plains bison]] were re-introduced into the park. Hiking in the [[badlands]] and viewing wildlife in the park are primary visiting activities. The park is divided into two blocks. The West Block is closest to Val Marie and the East Block is near Killdeer, SK. There are no plans to connect the two blocks. The West Block near Val Marie will be about 450 square kilometres when complete. It protects the Frenchman River Valley and is home to many unique species in Canada such as Plains Bison, Prairie Rattlesnake, Black-tailed Prairie Dogs, Burrowing Owls, Swift Fox, and many more. An official Parks Canada information centre is located in the town of Val Marie. The park is home to over 12,000 teepee rings, indicating that the land was heavily used by indigenous people before it was used by cattle ranchers and homesteading. Primarily the Plains Cree and the Assiniboine used the land to hunt bison. The large 76 Ranch once had an office and many sections of land in the Val Marie area. === Climate === Located within [[Palliser's Triangle]], Val Marie has a [[semi-arid climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''[[Semi-arid climate#Cold semi-arid climates|BSk]]''). Val Marie has a weather station with daily records since 1937.<ref>{{cite web|title=Val Marie weather|url=http://www.weatheroffice.ec.gc.ca/city/pages/sk-28_metric_e.html|access-date=2010-12-21|publisher=[[Environment Canada]]}}</ref> It can be a harsh climate, cold and windswept in the winter and often very dry for prolonged periods, broken sometimes by extremely intense rainfalls during the summer. Val Marie is sometimes the national hotspot in Canada on a given summer day. Val Marie gets more days of sunlight per year than anywhere else in Canada. On average, Val Marie receives {{Convert|352.5|mm|abbr=on}} of precipitation per year and about two thirds of that is snow. The coldest temperature ever recorded in Val Marie is {{convert|−49.4|C}} on January 20, 1954. The hottest is {{convert|41.1|C}} on July 4, 1937, which came close to being broken on July 23, 2007, when the temperature rose to {{convert|40.6|C}}, and again on August 11, 2018, when the temperature rose to {{convert|40.9|C}}. The preceding day, August 10, saw a maximum of {{convert|40.0|C}}.<ref>{{cite web|title=Daily Data Report for August 2018|url=http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?StationID=10821&Month=8&Day=1&Year=2018&timeframe=2&StartYear=1840&EndYear=2018|access-date=August 27, 2018|website=Environment Canada}}</ref> The record one-day rainfall is {{convert|86.4|mm|abbr=on}} on July 3, 2000. The record one-day snowfall is {{convert|45.7|cm|abbr=on}} April 2, 1940. {{Weather box | location = Val-Marie (1981–2010) | metric first = yes | single line = yes | Jan record high C = 13.0 | Feb record high C = 19.0 | Mar record high C = 23.0 | Apr record high C = 31.7 | May record high C = 36.0 | Jun record high C = 38.5 | Jul record high C = 41.1 | Aug record high C = 40.9 | Sep record high C = 38.9 | Oct record high C = 30.6 | Nov record high C = 24.0 | Dec record high C = 17.8 | year record high C = 41.1 | Jan high C = -4.3 | Feb high C = -1.7 | Mar high C = 3.6 | Apr high C = 12.3 | May high C = 18.1 | Jun high C = 22.8 | Jul high C = 26.7 | Aug high C = 26.5 | Sep high C = 20.0 | Oct high C = 12.6 | Nov high C = 3.7 | Dec high C = -3.3 | year high C = 11.4 | Jan mean C = -10.8 | Feb mean C = -8.3 | Mar mean C = -2.8 | Apr mean C = 4.7 | May mean C = 10.7 | Jun mean C = 15.6 | Jul mean C = 18.5 | Aug mean C = 17.9 | Sep mean C = 11.5 | Oct mean C = 4.7 | Nov mean C = -3.1 | Dec mean C = -9.8 | year mean C = 4.1 | Jan low C = -17.1 | Feb low C = -14.9 | Mar low C = -9.1 | Apr low C = -2.9 | May low C = 3.2 | Jun low C = 8.3 | Jul low C = 10.3 | Aug low C = 9.2 | Sep low C = 3.0 | Oct low C = -3.3 | Nov low C = -10.0 | Dec low C = -16.2 | year low C = -3.3 | Jan record low C = -49.4 | Feb record low C = -47.8 | Mar record low C = -40.6 | Apr record low C = -28.3 | May record low C = -14.4 | Jun record low C = -6.7 | Jul record low C = -0.6 | Aug record low C = -3.9 | Sep record low C = -13.9 | Oct record low C = -30.0 | Nov record low C = -36.7 | Dec record low C = -46.7 | year record low C = -49.4 | Jan precipitation mm = 14.8 | Feb precipitation mm = 9.1 | Mar precipitation mm = 17.5 | Apr precipitation mm = 19.3 | May precipitation mm = 52.5 | Jun precipitation mm = 74.1 | Jul precipitation mm = 56.5 | Aug precipitation mm = 33.5 | Sep precipitation mm = 30.7 | Oct precipitation mm = 17.7 | Nov precipitation mm = 14.6 | Dec precipitation mm = 12.2 | year precipitation mm = 352.5 | precipitation colour = | Jan rain mm = 0.2 | Feb rain mm = 0.3 | Mar rain mm = 3.4 | Apr rain mm = 13.5 | May rain mm = 48.0 | Jun rain mm = 74.1 | Jul rain mm = 56.5 | Aug rain mm = 33.5 | Sep rain mm = 30.0 | Oct rain mm = 12.2 | Nov rain mm = 3.0 | Dec rain mm = 1.0 | year rain mm = 262 | Jan snow cm = 14.6 | Feb snow cm = 8.8 | Mar snow cm = 14.1 | Apr snow cm = 5.8 | May snow cm = 4.8 | Jun snow cm = 0.0 | Jul snow cm = 0.0 | Aug snow cm = 0.0 | Sep snow cm = 0.7 | Oct snow cm = 5.5 | Nov snow cm = 11.8 | Dec snow cm = 11.3 | year snow cm = 77.3 | source 1 = Environment Canada<ref name="climate">{{cite web |url = http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1981_2010_e.html?searchType=stnName&txtStationName=val&searchMethod=contains&txtCentralLatMin=0&txtCentralLatSec=0&txtCentralLongMin=0&txtCentralLongSec=0&stnID=3196&dispBack=0 |title = Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010 |publisher = [[Environment Canada]] |access-date = 2017-11-23}}</ref><ref name="Daily Data Report for September 2022">{{cite web | url = https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?timeframe=2&Year=2022&Month=9&Day=1&hlyRange=1994-02-01%7C2022-09-07&dlyRange=1992-12-01%7C2022-09-07&mlyRange=1996-01-01%7C2007-11-01&StationID=10821&Prov=SK&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=2022&selRowPerPage=25&Line=0&searchMethod=contains&txtStationName=val+marie | title = Daily Data Report for September 2022 | work = Canadian Climate Data | publisher = Environment and Climate Change Canada | access-date = September 7, 2022}}</ref>}} == Demographics == {{Historical populations |title = Federal census<br/>population history |type = Canada |align = right |width = |state = collapsed |shading = |percentages = |footnote = ''Source: [[Statistics Canada]]''<br /><ref name=1946census>{{cite book | title=Census of the Prairie Provinces, 1946 | volume=I: Population | year=1949 | publisher=[[Statistics Canada|Dominion Bureau of Statistics]] | location=Ottawa | pages=397–400 | chapter=Table 5: Population of urban centres, 1916-1946, with guide to locations}}</ref><ref name=1956census>{{cite book | title=Census of Canada, 1956 | volume=I: Population | year=1958 | publisher=[[Statistics Canada|Dominion Bureau of Statistics]] | location=Ottawa | chapter=Table 6: Population by sex, for census subdivisions, 1956 and 1951}}</ref><ref name=1966census>{{cite book | title=1966 Census of Canada | volume=Population: Divisions and Subdivisions | series=Western Provinces | year=1967 | publisher=[[Statistics Canada|Dominion Bureau of Statistics]] | location=Ottawa | chapter=Table 9: Population by census subdivisions, 1966 by sex, and 1961}}</ref><ref name=1976census>{{cite book | title=1976 Census of Canada | volume=Population: Geographic Distributions | series=Census Divisions and Subdivisions, Western Provinces and the Territories | year=1977 | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | location=Ottawa | chapter=Table 3: Population for census divisions and subdivisions, 1971 and 1976}}</ref><ref name=1981census>{{cite book | title=1981 Census of Canada | volume=Census subdivisions in decreasing population order | year=1982 | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | location=Ottawa | chapter=Table 2: Census Subdivisions in Alphabetical Order, Showing Population Rank, Canada, 1981 | isbn=0-660-51563-6}}</ref><ref name=1991census>{{cite book | title=91 Census | volume=Population and Dwelling Counts – Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions | year=1992 | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | location=Ottawa | pages=100–108 | chapter=Table 2: Population and Dwelling Counts, for Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 1986 and 1991 – 100% Data | isbn=0-660-57115-3}}</ref><ref name=2001census>{{cite web | title=Population and Dwelling Counts, for Canada, Provinces and Territories, and Census Divisions, 2001 and 1996 Censuses – 100% Data (Saskatchewan) | url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/english/census01/products/standard/popdwell/Table-CSD-D.cfm?PR=47 | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | access-date=2019-05-25}}</ref><ref name=2006census>{{cite web | title=Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2006 and 2001 censuses – 100% data (Saskatchewan) | url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/hlt/97-550/Index.cfm?TPL=P1C&Page=RETR&LANG=Eng&T=302&SR=1&S=1&O=A&RPP=9999&PR=47&CMA=0 | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=January 6, 2010 | access-date=2019-05-25}}</ref><ref name="2016 Census Profile">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=4708004&Geo2=CD&Code2=4708&Data=Count&SearchText=swift%20current&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1 Census Profile, 2016 Census]</ref><ref name=2021census>{{cite web | url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810000203&geocode=A000247 | title=Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions (municipalities), Saskatchewan | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=February 9, 2022 | accessdate=April 1, 2022}}</ref> |1931|133 |1936|147 |[[Canada 1941 Census|1941]]|306 |[[Canada 1946 Census|1946]]|301 |[[Canada 1951 Census|1951]]|357 |1956|383 |1961|443 |1966|385 |1971|307 |1976|253 |1981|238 |1986|204 |1991|219 |[[Canada 1996 Census|1996]]|157 |[[Canada 2001 Census|2001]]|134 |[[Canada 2006 Census|2006]]|137 |[[Canada 2011 Census|2011]]|130 |[[Canada 2016 Census|2016]]|126 |[[Canada 2021 Census|2021]]|120 }} In the [[2021 Canadian census|2021 Census of Population]] conducted by [[Statistics Canada]], Val Marie had a population of {{val|120|fmt=commas}} living in {{val|64|fmt=commas}} of its {{val|86|fmt=commas}} total private dwellings, a change of {{percentage|{{#expr:120-126}}|126|1}} from its 2016 population of {{val|126|fmt=commas}}. With a land area of {{convert|0.43|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, it had a population density of {{Pop density|120|0.43|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} in 2021.<ref name=2021census>{{cite web | url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810000203&geocode=A000247 | title=Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions (municipalities), Saskatchewan | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=February 9, 2022 | accessdate=April 1, 2022}}</ref> In the [[2016 Canadian census|2016 Census of Population]], the Village of Val Marie recorded a population of {{nts|126}} living in {{nts|66}} of its {{nts|80}} total private dwellings, a {{percentage|{{#expr:126-130}}|126|1}} change from its 2011 population of {{nts|130}}. With a land area of {{convert|0.42|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, it had a population density of {{Pop density|126|0.42|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} in 2016.<ref name=2016censusSKmunis>{{cite web | url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/hlt-fst/pd-pl/Table.cfm?Lang=Eng&T=302&SR=1&S=86&O=A&RPP=9999&PR=47 | title=Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2016 and 2011 censuses – 100% data (Saskatchewan) | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=February 8, 2017 | access-date=May 30, 2020}}</ref> The village recorded its largest population in 1961, when 443 people lived in Val Marie.<ref name=1966census/> == Culture == Val Marie holds many annual events such as the Val Marie Bob Larson Memorial Rodeo, Lion's Senior's Supper, Lion's Sports Day, and a Canada Day parade, among others. Between the Val Marie Hotel, Prairie Wind & Silver Sage (the museum), theatre/hall, and arena, there are many events taking place weekly. === Heritage buildings === Val Marie is home to two municipally declared heritage buildings. # The Val Marie School. It is an old two-room schoolhouse made of red brick that was used from 1927–1985. The building is now maintained by Prairie Wind & Silver Sage — Friends of Grasslands National Park (PWSS). It is used as a seasonal museum, gift shop, coffee shop, and art gallery. A self-guided Val Marie walking tour is available through PWSS. # The Val Marie Elevator. Built in 1927, this elevator has wood panelling and cedar shingles. A local community group has been actively fundraising for its restoration with the anticipation of turning it into a museum. The outside has been completely restored, and work has commenced on the interior. === Tourism === In 2018, Grasslands National Park had almost 20,000 visitors through the park, in cooperation with the Canada 150 Marketing campaign. The number of tourists that come to Val Marie for annual events or to use the Port of Monchy Border Crossing is unknown. The Village of Val Marie has partnered with the Cypress Hills Destination Area to promote Val Marie as a tourist destination. Services in the community include a gas station, a hotel/bar, a museum (which also includes a gift shop, coffee shop and art gallery), a café, a campground, art galleries, bed and breakfasts, an old convent that has been converted to an inn, a movie theatre, yoga studio, a hockey arena and curling rink, a library, a community centre, a town square, and a community-owned grocery store. Some services are only available seasonally. Val Marie is also home to a school (kindergarten to grade 12) and the Val Marie Early Learning Centre which offers preschool programming. A basic life support ambulance services the region. The nearest full-service centre is the city of [[Swift Current]], located 120 km north on Highway 4. == Notable people == *[[Oneil Carlier]] – Alberta Minister of Agriculture, 2015-2019 *[[Will James (artist)|Will James]] – Quebec cowboy novelist/artist; lived in area 1910-1913 *[[Ron Miksha]] – author; geophysicist; lived in Val Marie 1976-1987 *[[Bryan Trottier]] – former [[National Hockey League|NHL]] player/coach, seven-time [[Stanley Cup]] champion, [[Hockey Hall of Fame]] *[[Rocky Trottier]] – former NHL player == See also == *[[List of francophone communities in Saskatchewan]] == Further reading == *Lynch, Wayne (1984). ''Married to the Wind: A Study of the Prairie Grasslands''. *[[Ron Miksha|Miksha, Ron]] (2004). ''Bad Beekeeping''. *[[Habeeb Salloum|Salloum, Habeeb]] (2010). ''Bison Delights: Middle Eastern Western Cookbook''. *Stav, Jean (2000). ''A Barefoot Boy from Val Marie''. *[[Wallace Stegner|Stegner, Wallace]] (1955). ''Wolf Willow''. == References == {{Reflist}} == External links == {{Wikivoyage}} *{{Official website|http://www.valmarie.ca/}} {{Geographic location | Center = Val Marie | Northwest = | North = [[Cadillac, Saskatchewan|Cadillac]] | Northeast = | West = | East = | Southeast = ''[[Grasslands National Park]]'' | Southwest = [[Masefield, Saskatchewan|Masefield]] | South = }} {{Subdivisions of Saskatchewan|villages=yes}} {{SKDivision4}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Villages in Saskatchewan]] [[Category:Val Marie No. 17, Saskatchewan]] [[Category:Division No. 4, Saskatchewan]]
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