Editing Victor-class submarine

{{Short description|Soviet nuclear-powered attack submarine}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
{{Refimprove|date=August 2021}}
{| {{Infobox ship begin|sclass=2}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image= [[File:Victor I class submarine.jpg|300px]]
|Ship caption=A Victor I-class submarine underway
}}
{{Infobox ship class overview
|Name=Victor class
|Builders=[[Sudomekh Shipyard]]
|Operators=*{{navy|Soviet Union}}
*{{navy|Russia}}
|Class before={{sclass2|November|submarine|4}}
|Class after={{sclass2|Alfa|submarine|4}}, {{sclass|Akula|submarine|4}}
|Subclasses=
|Cost=
|Built range=
|In service range=
|In commission range=1967–present
|Total ships building=
|Total ships planned=
|Total ships completed=48<ref>Includes all three Victor classes.</ref>
|Total ships cancelled=
|Total ships active=2
|Total ships laid up=
|Total ships lost=
|Total ships retired=46
|Total ships preserved=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption= 
|Ship type=[[Attack submarine|Nuclear attack submarine]]
|Ship displacement=*4,950 tons light surfaced
*6,990 tons normal surfaced <!-- Victor I/II possibly only 6,085 tons -->
*7,250 tons submerged
|Ship length={{convert|93|-|102|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam={{convert|10|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship height=
|Ship draft={{convert|7|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship ice class=
|Ship power=
|Ship propulsion=One [[VM-4 reactor|VM-4P]] pressurized-water twin nuclear reactor (2x75 MW), 2 sets OK-300 steam turbines; 1 7-bladed or 2 4-bladed props; {{convert|31,000|shp|abbr=on}} at 290 shaft rpm – 2 low-speed electric cruise motors; 2 small props on stern planes; {{convert|1,020|shp|abbr=on}} at 500 rpm
Electric: 4,460 kw tot. (2 × 2,000-kw, 380-V, 50-Hz a.c. OK-2 turbogenerators, 1 × 460-kw diesel emergency set){{Verify source|date=September 2010}}<!-- some of this should be moved to "Ship power" I presume? -->
|Ship speed={{convert|32|kn}}
|Ship range=
|Ship endurance=80 days
|Ship test depth=
|Ship complement=About 100 (27 officers, 34 warrant officers, 35 enlisted)
|Ship sensors=*Radar: 1 MRK-50 Albatros-series (Snoop Tray-2) navigation/search
*Sonar: MGK-503 Skat-KS (Shark Gill) suite: LF active/passive; passive flank array; Barrakuda towed passive linear
*array (Victor III only); MT-70 active ice avoidance
*EW: MRP-10 Zaliv-P/Buleva (Brick Pulp) intercept; Park Lamp direction-finder
|Ship EW=
|Ship armament=* Active vessels have 2 bow torpedo tubes, {{convert|650|mm|in|abbr=on|0}} (6 weapons – Type 88R{{Verify source|date=September 2010}}/[[SS-N-16 Stallion]] ASW missiles,  [[Type 65-76]] torpedoes)
*4 bow torpedo tubes, {{convert|533|mm|abbr=on|0}} (18 weapons – [[Type 83 torpedo|Type 83RN]]/[[Type 53-65K]]/[[USET-80 torpedo|USET-80]] torpedoes, Type 84RN{{Verify source|date=September 2010}}/[[SS-N-15 Starfish]] ASW missiles, [[VA-111 Shkval]] rocket torpedoes, MG-74 Korund and Siren decoys, or up to 36 [[naval mine]]s)
|Ship notes=
}}
|}

The '''Victor class''', Soviet designations '''Project 671 ''Yorsh''''', '''Project 671RT ''Syomga''''' and '''Project 671RTM/RTMK ''Shchuka''''', ([[List of NATO reporting names for submarines|NATO reporting name]]s '''Victor I''', '''Victor II''' and '''Victor III''', respectively), are series of [[Nuclear submarine|nuclear-powered]] [[attack submarine]]s built in the [[Soviet Union]] and operated by the [[Soviet Navy]]. Since the 1960s, 48 units were built in total, of which the last remaining are currently in service with the [[Russian Navy]]. The Victor-class submarines featured a [[Teardrop hull|teardrop]] shape, allowing them to travel at high speed. These vessels were primarily designed to protect Soviet surface fleets and to attack [[United States Navy|American]] [[ballistic missile submarine]]s. Project 671 began in 1959 with the design task assigned to SKB-143 (one of the  predecessors of the [[Malakhit Marine Engineering Bureau]]).

==Versions==

===Project 671 ''Yorsh'' (Victor I)===
{{floatbox|[[File:Victor I class SSN.svg|thumb|Project 671]]}}
Soviet designation Project 671 ''Yorsh'' ([[ruffe]])—was the initial type that entered service in 1967; 16 were produced.<ref name="PolmarNoot">{{cite book |first1=Norman |last1=Polmar |first2=Jurrien |last2=Noot |date=1991 |title=Submarines of the Russian and Soviet Navies 1718-1990 |location=Annapolis, MD |publisher=[[Naval Institute Press]] |isbn=978-0-87021-570-4}}</ref> Each had six [[torpedo tube]]s for launching [[Type 53 torpedo]]es and [[SS-N-15]] anti-submarine missiles and [[Naval mine|mines]] could also be released. Subs had a capacity of 24 tube-launched weapons or 48 mines (or a combination). They were {{convert|92.5|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} long. All disposed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deepstorm.ru/DeepStorm.files/45-92/nts/671/list.htm |title=Проект 671 "Ёрш" (NATO – "Victor I") |trans-title=Project 671 "Ërsh" |website=Deepstorm.ru |language=ru |access-date=19 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929004639/http://www.deepstorm.ru/DeepStorm.files/45-92/nts/671/list.htm |archive-date=29 September 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Project 671RT ''Syomga'' (Victor II)===
{{floatbox|[[Image:Victor II class SSN.svg|thumb|Project 671RT]]}}
Soviet designation Project 671RT ''Syomga'' ([[atlantic salmon]])—entered service in 1972; seven were produced in the 1970s.<ref name="PolmarNoot"/> These were originally designated Uniform class by NATO. They had similar armament to the Victor I class and were the first Soviet submarines to introduce raft mounting for [[acoustic quieting]].<ref name="Polmar">{{cite book |last1=Polmar |first1=Norman |title=Cold War Submarines: The Design and Construction of U.S. and Soviet Submarines, 1945-2001 |date=2003 |publisher=Potomac Books, Inc. |location=Washington, D.C. |isbn=978-1-57488-594-1 |page=159}}</ref> Production was truncated due to a decision to develop the improved Victor III class.<ref name="Polmar"/> They were {{convert|101.8|m|abbr=on|0}} long. All disposed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deepstorm.ru/DeepStorm.files/45-92/nts/671RT/list.htm |title=Проект 671РТ "Сёмга" (NATO – "Victor II") |trans-title=Project 671RT "Somga" |website=Deepstorm.ru |language=ru |access-date=19 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141219205723/http://www.deepstorm.ru/DeepStorm.files/45-92/nts/671RT/list.htm |archive-date=19 December 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Project 671RTM/RTMK ''Shchuka'' (Victor III)===
{{floatbox|[[File:Victor III class SSN.svg|thumb|Project 671RTM]]}}
Soviet designation Project 671RTM/RTMK ''Shchuka'' ([[Northern pike|pike]])—entered service in 1979; 25 were produced until 1991.<ref name="PolmarNoot"/> Quieter than previous Soviet submarines, these ships had four tubes for launching [[SS-N-21]] or SS-N-15 missiles and Type 53 torpedoes, plus another two tubes for launching [[SS-N-16]] missiles and [[Type 65 torpedo]]es. 24 tube-launched weapons or 36 mines could be on board. The Victor III class caused a minor furor in NATO intelligence agencies at its introduction because of the distinctive pod on the vertical stern-plane. Speculation immediately mounted that the pod was the housing for some sort of exotic silent propulsion system, possibly a [[magnetohydrodynamic drive]] unit. Another theory proposed that it was some sort of weapon system.{{Citation needed|date=November 2018}} In the end, the pod was identified as a hydrodynamic housing for a reelable [[Towed array sonar|towed]] passive [[sonar]] array;<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.military-today.com/navy/victor_iii_class.htm |title=Victor III class |last=Genys |first=Andrius |website=Military-today.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181017043044/http://www.military-today.com/navy/victor_iii_class.htm |archive-date=2018-10-17 |url-status=usurped}}</ref> the system was subsequently incorporated into the {{sclass2|Sierra|submarine|5}} and {{sclass|Akula|submarine|0}} [[SSN (hull classification symbol)|SSNs]]. In October 1983 the towed array of {{ship|Soviet submarine|K-324||2}}, a Victor III operating west of Bermuda, became tangled with the towed array of US [[frigate]] {{USS|McCloy|FF-1038|6}}. ''K-324'' was forced to surface, allowing NATO forces to photograph the pod in its deployed state. The Victor-III class was continuously improved during construction and late production models have a superior acoustic performance.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/deep.htm |title=Run Silent, Run Deep |website=FAS.org |access-date=2015-11-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060205165346/https://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/deep.htm |archive-date=2006-02-05 |url-status=live}}</ref> They were {{convert|106|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} long. 21 disposed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deepstorm.ru/DeepStorm.files/45-92/nts/671RTM/list.htm |title=Проект 671РТМ и 671РТМК "Щука" (NATO – "Victor-III") |trans-title=Project 671RTM and 671RTMK "Shchuka" |website=Deepstorm.ru |language=ru |access-date=19 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141219205201/http://www.deepstorm.ru/DeepStorm.files/45-92/nts/671RTM/list.htm |archive-date=19 December 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>

==Units==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Last active units
! width=40 | #
! Name
! Project
! Laid down
! Launched
! Commissioned
! Fleet
! Status
! Notes
|-
| B-138
| ''Obninsk''
| 671RTMK
| 7 December 1988
| 5 August 1989
| 30 December 1990
| [[Northern Fleet]]
| Refit?
| Overhauls completed in 2014, 2016<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.deepstorm.ru/DeepStorm.files/45-92/nts/671RTM/K-138/K-138.htm |title=К-138, Б-138, "Обнинск" проект 671РТМК |trans-title=K-138, B-138, "Obninsk" project 671RTMK |website=Deepstorm.ru |language=ru |access-date=2017-08-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815061125/http://www.deepstorm.ru/DeepStorm.files/45-92/nts/671RTM/K-138/K-138.htm |archive-date=2017-08-15 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| B-448
| ''Tambov''
| 671RTMK
| 31 January 1991
| 17 October 1991
| 24 September 1992
| Northern Fleet
| Active?<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.deepstorm.ru/DeepStorm.files/45-92/nts/671RTM/K-448/K-448.htm |title=К-448, Б-448, "Тамбов" проект 671РТМК |trans-title=K-448, B-448, "Tambov" project 671RTMK |website=Deepstorm.ru |language=ru |access-date=2017-08-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815061330/http://www.deepstorm.ru/DeepStorm.files/45-92/nts/671RTM/K-448/K-448.htm |archive-date=2017-08-15 |url-status=live}}</ref>
| Reported as "received" in early 2023<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://thebarentsobserver.com/en/security/2020/10/old-nuclear-sub-gets-new-life-nerpa-shipyard |title=Old nuclear sub gets new life at Nerpa shipyard |first=Thomas |last=Nilsen |date=5 October 2020 |newspaper=Barents Observer}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2023/0320/091572247/detail.shtml | title=ЦАМТО / / Российские подводники получат в 2023 году три атомные подводные лодки и две ДЭПЛ }}</ref>
|}

[[File:Victor_III_class_submarine.jpg|thumb|A Victor III-class submarine on the surface]]

==Incidents==
{{More citations needed section|date=March 2021}}
* In 1981 {{USS|Drum|SSN-677|6}} collided with a Victor III-class submarine—''[[Soviet submarine K-324|K-324]]''—while attempting to photograph the odd pod on the back. The event was covered up by the [[Reagan Administration]] and never made public, though it nearly cost the lives of the sailors on USS ''Drum''.<ref>{{cite book |first=W. Craig |last=Reed |date=2010 |title=Red November: Inside the Secret U.S.-Soviet Submarine War |location=New York City |publisher=[[William Morrow and Company]] |isbn=978-0-06180-676-6}}</ref>{{page number?|date=March 2021}} The incident was declassified and disclosed by the [[Clinton Administration]] in February 1993.
* On 21 March 1984, ''[[Soviet submarine K-314|K-314]]'' collided with the aircraft carrier {{USS|Kitty Hawk|CV-63|6}} in the [[Sea of Japan]]. Neither ship was significantly damaged. <ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/03/22/world/soviet-sub-and-us-ship-collide.html |title=SOVIET SUB AND U.S. SHIP COLLIDE |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=22 March 1984 |access-date=2023-12-21}}</ref>
* The [[SS Bratstvo (1963)|Soviet cargo ship ''Bratstvo'']] collided with the Soviet submarine ''K-53'' of the Victor I-class in position Latitude 35 deg 55 min North and Longitude 005 deg 00 min West, at the exit from the [[Gibraltar Strait]] in [[Alboran Sea]], on 18 (as per ship's time) or 19 (as per submarine time) September 1984.{{citation needed|date=March 2021}}
* On 6 September 2006, the Victor III-class [[Russian submarine Daniil Moskovsky (K-414)|''Daniil Moskovskiy'']] suffered an electronics fire while in the Barents Sea, killing two crew members. The boat was 16 years old and was overdue for overhaul. It was towed back to [[Vidyayevo]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.chinapost.com.tw/i_latestdetail.asp?id=40867 |title=Fire aboard Russian nuclear submarine kills 2 crew members |newspaper=[[The China Post]] |date=7 September 2006 |access-date=2013-04-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305161930/http://www.chinapost.com.tw/i_latestdetail.asp?id=40867 |archive-date=5 March 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Bellona">{{Cite web |url=http://www.bellona.org/subjects/1140451820.2 |title=Northern Fleet accidents and incidents |website=[[Bellona Foundation]] |access-date=2006-08-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060823002940/http://www.bellona.org/subjects/1140451820.2 |archive-date=2006-08-23 |url-status=dead}}</ref> She continued to serve into the latter 2010s and was reportedly formally decommissioned on 28 October 2022.<ref>[https://www-deepstorm-ru.translate.goog/DeepStorm.files/45-92/nts/671RTM/K-414/K-414.htm?_x_tr_sch=http&_x_tr_sl=ru&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=sc Deep Storm]</ref>

==In media==
* A depiction of a Victor III-class submarine ([[List of James Bond allies#Valentin Dmitrovitch Zukowsky|Valentin Zukovsky]]'s nephew Nikolai's own submarine) was used prominently  in the ''[[James Bond filmography|James Bond]]'' film ''[[The World Is Not Enough]]'' as a key element in the film's antagonists ([[Elektra King]] and Viktor "Renard" Zokas) plan.{{citation needed|date=March 2021}}

==See also==
* [[List of submarine classes in service]]
* [[Future of the Russian Navy]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Victor class submarines}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20040224230851/http://www.nationalgeographic.com/k19/sub_detail_sov3.html Victor-class] at National Geographic
*[http://www.ais.org/~schnars/aero/nato-shp.htm NATO Code Names for Submarines and Ships] at Aerospace Page of Andreas Gehrs-Pahl
*[http://ship.bsu.by/main.asp?id=101051 Victor I] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091006035807/http://ship.bsu.by/main.asp?id=101051 |date=6 October 2009 }} at Encyclopedia of Ships {{In lang|ru}}
*[http://ship.bsu.by/main.asp?id=101090 Victor II] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080206173451/http://ship.bsu.by/main.asp?id=101090 |date=6 February 2008 }} at Encyclopedia of Ships {{In lang|ru}}
*[http://ship.bsu.by/main.asp?id=101098 Victor III] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080206173456/http://ship.bsu.by/main.asp?id=101098 |date=6 February 2008 }} at Encyclopedia of Ships {{In lang|ru}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20101130045050/http://russian-ships.info/eng/submarines/project_671rtm.htm Victor III-class submarines - Complete Ship List] at Russian-Ships.info
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071006082638/http://www.bellona.org/articles/sub_fire Fire breaks out aboard Northern Fleet nuclear sub, killing 2] at Bellona.org
{{Victor class submarine}}
{{Soviet and Russian submarines after 1945}}
{{Current SSN}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Victor-class submarine}}
[[Category:Victor-class submarines| ]]
[[Category:Submarine classes of the Russian and Soviet Navy]]
[[Category:Submarine classes]]
[[Category:Nuclear-powered submarines]]