Editing W8 engine

{{Short description|Engine configuration}}
A '''W8 engine''' is an eight-cylinder [[piston engine]] with four banks of two cylinders each, arranged in a [[W engine|W configuration]].

In practice, the W8 engine is created from two narrow-angle (15&nbsp;degree) VR4 engines mounted at an angle of 72 degrees from each other on a common [[crankshaft]]. Thus, the resulting four banks align to form a "W".

W8 engines are much less common than [[V8 engine]]s, and the only W8 engine to reach production was manufactured by Volkswagen.

==Volkswagen W8 engine==
The [[list of discontinued Volkswagen Group petrol engines#4.0 WR8 32v 202kw|Volkswagen 4-litre W8 engine]]<ref>{{cite web |title=It Doesn't Get Much Rarer Than a VW Passat W8 Wagon With a Manual |url=https://www.roadandtrack.com/car-culture/buying-maintenance/a20115063/volkswagen-passat-w8-wagon-manual-for-sale/ |website=www.roadandtrack.com |access-date=29 October 2019 |date=1 May 2018}}</ref> was available in the [[Volkswagen Passat#B5.5|Volkswagen Passat (B5.5)]] from September 2001 to September 2004.<ref>{{cite web|title=VW Passat W8 4motion|publisher=[[Volkswagen Group|Volkswagen AG]]|url=http://www.worldcarfans.com/102042211769/vw-passat-w8-4motion|date=22 April 2002|work=WorldCarFans.com|access-date=30 December 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130420020354/http://www.worldcarfans.com/102042211769/vw-passat-w8-4motion|archive-date=20 April 2013|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Production was minimal at only 11,000 units.{{citation needed|date=October 2019}}

The engine had a displacement of {{convert|3,999|cc|L|0|abbr=on}}, had a peak power rating of {{convert|202|kW|hp|0|abbr=on}} at 6,000&nbsp;rpm and a peak torque rating of {{convert|370|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} at 2,750&nbsp;rpm. Power and torque outputs were lower than competitors V8 engines with similar capacity, however the W8 engine was praised for its smoothness.<ref>{{cite web |title=Volkswagen Passat W8 (2002 - 2005) used car review |url=https://www.rac.co.uk/drive/car-reviews/volkswagen/passat/passat-w8-2002-2005/ |website=www.rac.co.uk |access-date=29 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Long-Term Test Verdict: 2003 Volkswagen Passat W8 Sport |url=https://www.motortrend.com/cars/volkswagen/passat/2003/2003-volkswagen-passat-w8-2/ |website=www.motortrend.com |access-date=29 October 2019}}</ref>

Sales of the W8-engined Passat models were poor, and production was discontinued when the next generation of Passat switched from a [[longitudinal engine]] to a [[transverse engine]] layout, which made packaging of the wide W8 engine difficult. The W8 was effectively replaced by the [[list of Volkswagen Group petrol engines#3.6 VR6 FSI 206kW|Volkswagen 3.6-litre VR6]] petrol engine.

=== 4.0 WR8 32v 202kW{{anchor|W8|WR8|BDN|BDP}} ===

The 'W8' badged engine is an eight-cylinder [[W engine]] of four [[cylinder bank|banks]] of two cylinders, formed by joining two 15° [[VR6 engine|VR4 engines]], placed on a single crankshaft, with each cylinder 'double-bank' now at a 72° vee-angle.
;identification: parts code prefix: 07D, ID codes: BDN (09/01-09/04), BDP (05/02-09/04)
;engine displacement & engine configuration: {{convert|3999|cc|1|abbr=on}} 72° WR8 engine; bore x stroke: {{convert|84.0|x|90.2|mm|2|abbr=on}}, stroke ratio: 0.93:1 – undersquare/long-stroke, 499.9&nbsp;cc per cylinder, compression ratio: 10.8:1
;cylinder block & crankcase: cast aluminium alloy with two-part cast aluminium alloy oil sump; five main bearings; die-forged steel crankshaft with split [[crankpin]]s; [[Frederick W. Lanchester|Lanchester]] principle [[balance shaft]]s one above the other, counter-rotating at twice the crankshaft speed, symmetric to the middle of the crankshaft, upper one driven by a toothed belt
;cylinder heads & valvetrain: cast aluminium alloy; [[multi-valve|four]] unequal-length valves per cylinder, 32 valves total, low-friction roller finger [[cam follower]]s with automatic [[hydraulics|hydraulic]] [[hydraulic tappet|valve clearance]] compensation, simplex roller chain-driven (relay method, using three chains) double overhead camshafts, continuous vane-adjustable variable valve timing for intake and exhaust camshafts with up to 52° variance inlet camshafts and 22° for exhaust camshafts
;aspiration: hot-film [[mass flow sensor|air mass meter]], single throttle body with [[electronic throttle control|electronically controlled]] Bosch 'E-Gas' '[[drive by wire]]' throttle [[butterfly valve]], four-part two-channel cast aluminium resonance intake manifold
;fuel system, ignition system, engine management: two linked common rail fuel distributor rails, multi-point electronic sequential indirect fuel injection with eight intake manifold-sited fuel injectors; centrally positioned [[NGK]] longlife spark plugs, mapped direct ignition with eight individual direct-acting [[ignition coil|single spark coils]]; Bosch Motronic ME electronic engine control unit (ECU), cylinder-selective [[engine knocking|knock]] control via four knock sensors, permanent [[lambda]] control; 95&nbsp;RON/ROZ(91&nbsp;AKI) EuroSuperPlus (premium) unleaded recommended for maximum performance and fuel economy
;exhaust system: vacuum-operated [[secondary air injection]] pump for direct injection into exhaust ports to assist cold start operation, one cast iron exhaust manifold per cylinder bank with integrated [[ceramic]] catalytic converter per cylinder bank, four heated [[oxygen sensor]]s monitoring pre- and post catalyst exhaust gasses, EU4 compliant
;dimensions: mass: {{convert|190|kg|0|abbr=on}}, length: {{convert|420|mm|1|abbr=on}} length, width: {{convert|710|mm|1|abbr=on}}, height: {{convert|683|mm|1|abbr=on}}
;DIN-rated motive power & torque output: {{convert|202|kW|PS bhp|0|abbr=on}} at 6,000 rpm; {{convert|370|Nm|0|abbr=on}} at 2,750 rpm ({{convert|11.6|bar|psi|0|abbr=on}} [[mean effective pressure|MEP]]); max. engine speed: 6,400&nbsp;rpm (19.2&nbsp;[[metre per second|m/s]])
;references: <small>{{cite web |title=Volkswagen Passat W8 4motion – spec sheet |url=http://www.caranddriver.com/var/ezflow_site/storage/original/application/b97294d5d38e2ce5a49172a8ba085c3d.pdf |url-status=dead |publisher=Hachette Filipacchi Media U.S., Inc. |work=CarAndDriver.com |access-date=1 February 2010 |archive-date=9 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110609083253/http://www.caranddriver.com/var/ezflow_site/storage/original/application/b97294d5d38e2ce5a49172a8ba085c3d.pdf }}<br />{{cite web |title=2002 Volkswagen Passat W8 |url=http://www.autoweek.com/article/20010821/FREE/108210703 |url-status=dead |publisher=Crain Communications, Inc. |work=AutoWeek.com |date=21 August 2001 |access-date=1 February 2010 |archive-date=19 January 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110119003431/http://www.autoweek.com/article/20010821/FREE/108210703 }}<br />{{cite web |title=Volkswagen Passat W8 |url=http://www.evo.co.uk/carreviews/evocarreviews/22699/volkswagen_passat_w8.html |publisher=Dennis Publishing Ltd |work=[[evo (magazine)|evo]] |date=March 2002 |access-date=1 February 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100901210635/http://www.evo.co.uk/carreviews/evocarreviews/22699/volkswagen_passat_w8.html |archive-date=1 September 2010 |url-status=dead}}<br />{{cite web|title=VW Passat W8 4motion|publisher=Volkswagen AG|url=http://www.worldcarfans.com/102042211769/vw-passat-w8-4motion|date=22 April 2002|work=WorldCarFans.com|access-date=1 February 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130420020354/http://www.worldcarfans.com/102042211769/vw-passat-w8-4motion|archive-date=20 April 2013}}<br />{{cite web |title=W8 voted best technical innovation at the Moscow Motor Show |publisher=Volkswagen AG |url=http://www.worldcarfans.com/104020911880/w8-voted-best-technical-innovation-at-the-moscow-motor-show |url-status=dead |date=2 December 2001 |work=WorldCarFans.com |access-date=1 February 2010 |archive-date=29 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130729114154/http://www.worldcarfans.com/104020911880/w8-voted-best-technical-innovation-at-the-moscow-motor-show }}</small>

===Applications===
*[[Volkswagen Passat#B5.5|Volkswagen Passat B5.5 W8]] [[4motion]]

==== Awards ====
:was voted 'best technical innovation', and awarded the "Golden Pegasus" by ''"Za ruljom"'' at the Moscow Motor Show

== See also==
* [[VR6 engine]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

{{Piston engine configurations}}

[[Category:Piston engine configurations]]
[[Category:W engines|08]]