Editing Walter Rodney

{{short description|Guyanese politician, activist and historian (1942–1980)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Infobox scholar
| name             = Walter Rodney
| image            = File:Walter Rodney.jpg
| birth_name         = Walter Anthony Rodney
| birth_date       = {{birth date|1942|03|23|df=y}}
| birth_place      = [[Georgetown, British Guiana]]
| death_date       = {{death date and age|1980|06|13|1942|03|23|df=y}}
| death_place      = Georgetown, [[Guyana]]
| death_cause      = [[Car bomb]]
| alma_mater       = [[University of London]]<br />[[SOAS, University of London]]
| main_interests   = [[African studies]]
| notable_works    = ''[[How Europe Underdeveloped Africa]]'' (1972)
| awards           = 
| website          = {{website|https://www.walterrodneyfoundation.org/}}
}}
{{Imperialism Studies sidebar|People}}
'''Walter Anthony Rodney''' (23 March 1942 &ndash; 13 June 1980) was a [[Guyanese people|Guyanese]] historian, political activist and academic. His notable works include ''[[How Europe Underdeveloped Africa]]'', first published in 1972. He was assassinated in [[Georgetown, Guyana|Georgetown]], [[Guyana]], in 1980.

== Biography ==

=== Early career ===
Walter Anthony Rodney was born in 1942 into a working-class family in [[Georgetown, Guyana|Georgetown]], Guyana.{{cn|date=November 2022}} He attended the [[University of the West Indies|University College of the West Indies]] in 1960 and was awarded a first-class honours degree in history in 1963. He earned a [[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]] in [[African History]] in 1966 at the [[SOAS, University of London|School of Oriental and African Studies]] in [[London]], [[England]], at the age of 24.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Price |first=Katie |date=2021-07-01 |title=Revolutionary historian: Walter Rodney (1942-1980) – SOAS Centenary Timeline |url=https://blogs.soas.ac.uk/centenarytimeline/2015/09/23/revolutionary-historian-walter-rodney-1942-1980/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |language=en-GB}}</ref> His dissertation, which focused on the [[History of slavery|slave trade]] on the Upper [[Guinea Coast]], was published by the [[Oxford University Press]] in 1970 under the title ''A History of the Upper Guinea Coast 1545–1800'' and was widely acclaimed for its originality in challenging the conventional wisdom on the topic.{{cn|date=November 2022}}

Rodney travelled widely and became known internationally as an [[activist]], [[scholar]] and formidable orator. He taught at the [[University of Dar es Salaam]] in [[Tanzania]] during the periods 1966–67 and 1969–1974 and in 1968 at his alma mater [[University of the West Indies]] at [[Mona, Jamaica|Mona]], Jamaica.{{cn|date=November 2022}} He was sharply critical of the [[middle class]] for its role in the [[History of the Caribbean#Independence|post-independence Caribbean]]. He was also a strong critic of [[capitalism]] and argued that only under "the banner of Socialism and through the leadership of the working classes" could Africa break from imperialism.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Rodney |first1=Walter |title=Aspects of the International Class Struggle in Africa, the Caribbean and America |journal=Pan-Africanism: Struggle Against Neo-colonialism and Imperialism - Documents of the Sixth Pan-African Congress |date=1975 |pages=18–41 |url=https://www.marxists.org/subject/africa/rodney-walter/works/internationalclassstruggle.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210816104149/https://www.marxists.org/subject/africa/rodney-walter/works/internationalclassstruggle.htm |archive-date=16 August 2021}}</ref>

On 15 October 1968, the government of Jamaica, led by prime minister [[Hugh Shearer]], declared Rodney ''[[persona non grata]]''. The decision to ban him from ever returning to Jamaica and his subsequent dismissal by the University of the West Indies, Mona, caused protests by students and the poor of [[West Kingston, Jamaica|West Kingston]] that escalated into a riot, known as the [[Rodney riots|Rodney Riots]], resulting in six deaths and causing millions of dollars in damages.<ref name=":0" /> The riots, which began on 16 October 1968, triggered an increase in political awareness across the Caribbean, especially among the Afrocentric [[Rastafari movement|Rastafarian]] sector of Jamaica, documented in Rodney's book ''The Groundings with my Brothers,'' published by [[Bogle-L'Ouverture Publications]] in 1969.

In 1969, Rodney returned to the [[University of Dar es Salaam]]. He was promoted to senior lecturer there in 1971 and promoted to associate professor in 1973.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Dar es Salaam years |url=https://africasacountry.com/2022/05/the-dar-es-salaam-years |access-date=2022-12-28 |website=africasacountry.com |date=18 August 2019 |language=en-US}}</ref> He worked at the university until 1974 when he returned to Guyana.<ref name=":1">{{Cite thesis |last=Harisch |first=Immanuel R. |date=2018-01-01 |title=Walter Rodney's Dar es Salaam Years, 1966–1974: How Europe Underdeveloped Africa, Tanzania's ujamaa, and Student Radicalism at 'the Hill' |url=https://www.academia.edu/37927700|publisher=University of Vienna}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite journal
 |url=http://www.umes.edu/cms300uploadedFiles/AJCJS/VOL1.2.WEST%20FINAL.pdf
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120717010546/http://www.umes.edu/cms300uploadedFiles/AJCJS/VOL1.2.WEST%20FINAL.pdf
 |archive-date=17 July 2012
 |journal=African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies
 |issn=1554-3897
 |volume=1 |issue=2 |date=November 2005
 |title=Walter Rodney and Black Power: Jamaican Intelligence and US Diplomacy
 |author=Michael O. West
 |access-date=2011-06-26}}</ref> He was promised a professorship at the University of Guyana in Georgetown but the [[Forbes Burnham]] government rescinded the offer when Rodney arrived in Guyana.<ref name=":1" /> 

Rodney was close to [[C.L.R. James]], among others, and supported the socialist government of [[Julius Nyerere]]. While his academic work contributed "to the emergence of decolonised African social sciences," Rodney worked to disseminate knowledge in Tanzanian villages, where he spoke in [[Kiswahili]], the language of the people.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://mondediplo.com/2020/09/12guyana |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507080303/https://mondediplo.com/2020/09/12guyana |archive-date=7 May 2021|title=Guyana turns its back on its past|first=Hélène|last=Ferrarini|date=1 September 2020|website=Le Monde diplomatique|access-date=13 April 2021}}</ref> He continued his pan-African activism and, analysing the causes of the continent's underdevelopment, published ''[[How Europe Underdeveloped Africa]]'' in 1972. With a view to the Pan-African Congress of 1974, he prepared a text on the "international class struggle in Africa, the Caribbean and America." In this landmark work, Rodney denounced leaders who, like [[Félix Houphouët-Boigny]], [[Jean-Claude Duvalier]], [[Idi Amin Dada]] and [[Joseph Mobutu]], were turning to tribalism under the guise of "[[negritude]]."

Rodney became a prominent [[Pan-Africanist]] and [[Marxist]], and was important in the [[Black Power]] movement in the [[Caribbean]] and North America. While living in [[Dar es Salaam]], he was influential in developing a new centre of African learning and discussion.

=== Later life ===
In 1974, Rodney returned to [[Guyana]] from Tanzania.<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/3997943|title=Walter Rodney: A Biography and Bibliography|first=Horace |last=Campbell |journal=Review of African Political Economy|date=May 1960|issue=18 |pages=132–137 |jstor=3997943 |access-date=20 Feb 2023}}</ref> He was due to take up a position as a professor at the [[University of Guyana]], but the Guyanese government prevented his appointment. Increasingly active in politics, he joined the [[Working People's Alliance]] (WPA),<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://roape.net/2022/05/12/the-birth-of-the-working-peoples-alliance-in-guyana/|title=The birth of the Working People's Alliance in Guyana|first=Chinedu |last=Chukwudinma |journal=Review of African Political Economy|date=12 May 2022|access-date=25 January 2023}}</ref> a party that provided the most effective and credible opposition to the [[People's National Congress (Guyana)|People's National Congress]] government and aimed to "create political consciousness, replacing ethnic politics with revolutionary organisations based on class solidarity."<ref name="auto"/> In 1979, he was arrested and charged with [[arson]] after two government offices were burned. The trial was deferred three times and later dropped due to lack of evidence.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03064228108533287 |title=A poem for Walter Rodney|author=Edward Kamau Brathwaite|journal=Index on Censorship |publisher=The Caribbean|date=June 1981|volume=10 |issue=6 |page=26|doi=10.1080/03064228108533287 |s2cid=152261408 |access-date=23 November 2021|url-access=subscription}}</ref>

== Death ==
On 13 June 1980, Rodney was killed in Georgetown, at the age of 38, by an explosive communication device in his car, a month after he returned from celebrations of [[History of Zimbabwe#Independence and the 1980s|independence in Zimbabwe]] at a time of intense political activism. He was survived by his wife, Patricia, and three children. His brother, Donald Rodney, who was injured in the explosion, said that a sergeant in the [[Guyana Defence Force]] and a member of the [[House of Israel (Guyana)|House of Israel]],<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.stabroeknews.com/2014/04/30/news/guyana/house-israel-hit-squad-rodneys-brother/ |last=Stabroek News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211123185614/https://www.stabroeknews.com/2014/04/30/news/guyana/house-israel-hit-squad-rodneys-brother/ |archive-date=23 November 2021 |title=House of Israel was hit squad – Rodney's brother|website=Stabroek News|access-date=23 November 2021|date=30 April 2014}}</ref> named Gregory Smith, had given Walter the explosive that killed him. After the killing, Smith fled to [[French Guiana]], where he died in 2002.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.workers.org/2016/02/24183/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510135241/https://www.workers.org/2016/02/24183/ |archive-date=10 May 2021 |title=Guyana commission confirms Burnham gov't murdered Walter Rodney |first= Abayomi|last=Azikiwe|website=Worker's World|date=28 February 2016|access-date=23 November 2021}}</ref>

"I found Rodney to be a deeply intelligent and compassionate man, with a hatred of bloodshed but a deep and growing fear that violence and civil war might be the inevitable consequence of Burnham's determination to hold on to power by all available means" (1979) Sam Silkin, former UK Attorney General.

=== Aftermath ===
It is widely believed, but not proven, that the assassination was set up by Guyana's president, (Guyanese Government was found liable for Rodney’s death in 2017 by Commission of Inquiry) [[Linden Forbes Burnham]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Walter Rodney Biography |publisher=The [[Grenada Revolution]] Online |url=http://www.thegrenadarevolutiononline.com/rodney.html |website=www.thegrenadarevolutiononline.com |access-date=23 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213222153/https://www.thegrenadarevolutiononline.com/rodney.html |archive-date=13 February 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=THE GRAND BETRAYALS OF WALTER RODNEY |url=https://www.kaieteurnewsonline.com/2012/06/16/the-grand-betrayals-of-walter-rodney/ |access-date=23 November 2021 |work=Kaieteur News |date=16 June 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401191506/https://www.kaieteurnewsonline.com/2012/06/16/the-grand-betrayals-of-walter-rodney/ |archive-date=1 April 2019}}</ref> Rodney believed that the various ethnic groups historically disenfranchised by the ruling colonial class should work together, a position that challenged Burnham's hold on power.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gregory Smith dead |url=http://www.landofsixpeoples.com/news022/ns211247.htm |website=www.landofsixpeoples.com |access-date=23 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181214115013/http://www.landofsixpeoples.com/news022/ns211247.htm |archive-date=14 December 2018|date=24 November 2002}}</ref>

In 2014,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/human-rights/2020-06-13/the-walter-rodney-murder-mystery-in-guyana-40-years-later |title=The Walter Rodney Murder Mystery in Guyana 40 Years Later|website=National Security Archive|date=2020|access-date=23 November 2021}}</ref> a Commission of Inquiry (COI) was held during which a new witness, Holland Gregory Yearwood, came forward claiming to be a long-standing friend of Rodney and a former member of the WPA. Yearwood testified that Rodney presented detonators to him weeks prior to the explosion asking for assistance in assembling a bomb.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://guyanachronicle.com/rodney-hearing-takes-dramatic-twist-new-witness-tells-of-attempted-cover-up-of-smiths-role-how-roopnaraine-kwayana-distorted-the-truth/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150225014347/http://guyanachronicle.com/rodney-hearing-takes-dramatic-twist-new-witness-tells-of-attempted-cover-up-of-smiths-role-how-roopnaraine-kwayana-distorted-the-truth/ |archive-date=25 February 2015 |work=Guyana Chronicle| title= Rodney hearing takes dramatic twist. New witness tells of attempted cover up|first= Gary|last=Eleazar|date=17 February 2015}}</ref> Yet the same Commission of Inquiry (COI) concluded in their report that Rodney's death was a state-ordered killing, and that then Prime Minister Forbes Burnham must have had knowledge of the plot.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.stabroeknews.com/2016/02/20/news/guyana/rodney-victim-state-organised-killing-pm-burnham-known-coi-finds/|last=Stabroek News|title=Rodney was victim of state-organised killing, PM Burnham had to have known –CoI finds|website=Stabroek News|date=20 February 2016|access-date=13 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite Q|Q106716611}}</ref>

Donald Rodney, Walter's brother, was in the car with him during the time of the assassination, and was convicted in 1982 of possessing explosives in connection with the incident that killed his brother. On 14 April 2021, the Guyana Court of Appeals overturned this judgment and Donald's sentence, exonerating him after forty years in which he contested his conviction.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Stabroek News|date=14 April 2021|title=Appeal Court sets aside Donald Rodney's conviction, sentencing|website=Stabroek News|url=https://www.stabroeknews.com/2021/04/14/news/guyana/appeal-court-sets-aside-donald-rodneys-conviction-sentencing/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Chabrol|website=Demerara Waves|first=Dennis|date=14 April 2021|title=BREAKING: Guyana Court of Appeal sets aside explosives conviction, sentence of Donald Rodney|url=https://demerarawaves.com/2021/04/13/breaking-guyana-court-of-appeal-sets-aside-explosives-conviction-sentence-of-donald-rodney/|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509171919/https://demerarawaves.com/2021/04/13/breaking-guyana-court-of-appeal-sets-aside-explosives-conviction-sentence-of-donald-rodney/| archive-date=9 May 2021}}</ref>

On 9 August 2021, the [[National Assembly of Guyana]] voted to adopt "Resolution No. 23" to implement the 2016 findings of "The Commission of Inquiry Appointed to Enquire and Report on the Circumstances Surrounding the Death in An Explosion of the Late Dr. Walter Rodney on Thirteenth Day of June, One Thousand, Nine Hundred and Eighty at Georgetown".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://parliament.gov.gy/new2/documents/resolutions/22861-resolution_no._23_of_2021_-_adoption_and_implementation_of_the_report_of_the_coi_death_of_walter_rodney.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115194243/http://parliament.gov.gy/new2/documents/resolutions/22861-resolution_no._23_of_2021_-_adoption_and_implementation_of_the_report_of_the_coi_death_of_walter_rodney.pdf |archive-date=15 November 2021 |title=RESOLUTION NO. 23 |publisher=National Assembly of Guyana|date=9 August 2021|access-date=15 November 2021}}</ref>

==Academic influence==
Walter Rodney's most influential book is ''[[How Europe Underdeveloped Africa]]'', published in 1972 by [[Bogle-L'Ouverture Publications]], London, England and the Tanzanian Publishing House (TPH) Dar es Salaam Tanzania. In it Rodney described how [[Africa]] had been exploited by [[Europe]]an [[imperialism|imperialists]], which he argued led directly to the modern [[underdevelopment]] of most of the continent. The book became influential as well as controversial: it was groundbreaking in that it was among the first to bring a new perspective to the question of underdevelopment in Africa. Rodney's analysis went far beyond the previously accepted approach in the study of [[Third World]] underdevelopment.

Rodney's community-grounded approach to mass education during the 1960s and his detailed descriptions of his pedagogical approach in ''Groundings'' (1969) document his role as an important critical pedagogue and contemporary of [[Paulo Freire]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Vaught|first=Seneca|title='Grounding' Walter Rodney in Critical Pedagogy: Toward Praxis in African History|journal=South|year=2015|volume=1|issue=1|pages=4–5|url=https://www.academia.edu/18277791}}</ref>

==Honors and awards==
{{Anchor|Posthumous memorials}}[[File:Zomachi Walter Rodney.jpg|thumb|A sculpture of Rodney in [[Benin]]]]
Rodney's death was commemorated in a poem by [[Martin Carter]] entitled "For Walter Rodney," by the dub poet [[Linton Kwesi Johnson]] in "Reggae fi Radni," and by [[Kamau Brathwaite]] in his poem "Poem for Walter Rodney" (''Elegguas,'' 2010). [[David Dabydeen]] also wrote a poem on Rodney in his 1988 collection ''Coolie Odyssey''.

In 1977, the African Studies Centre at [[Boston University]] inaugurated the Walter Rodney Lecture Series.

In 1982, the [[American Historical Association]] posthumously awarded Walter Rodney the [[Albert J. Beveridge Award]] for ''A History of the Guyanese Working People, 1881-1905.''

In 1984, the Centre for Caribbean Studies at the [[University of Warwick]] established the Walter Rodney Memorial Lecture in recognition of the life and work of one of the most outstanding scholar-activists of the Black Diaspora in the post-World War II era.

In 1993, the Guyanese government posthumously awarded Walter Rodney Guyana's highest honour, the [[Order of Excellence of Guyana]]. The Guyanese government also established the Walter Rodney Chair in History at the [[University of Guyana]].

In 1998, the Institute of Caribbean Studies at the [[University of the West Indies]] inaugurated the Walter Rodney Lecture Series.

In 2004, Rodney's widow Patricia and his children donated his papers to the [[Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center|Robert L. Woodruff Library]] of the [[Atlanta University Center]]. Since 2004, an annual Walter Rodney Symposium has been held each 23 March (Rodney's birthday) at the Center under the sponsorship of the Library and the [[Political Science]] Department of [[Clark Atlanta University]], and under the patronage of the Rodney family.

In 2005, the [[London Borough of Southwark]] erected a plaque in the [[Peckham Library]] Square in commemoration of Dr. Walter Rodney, the political activist, historian and global freedom fighter.

In 2006, an International Conference on Walter Rodney was held at the Institute of Development Studies at the University of Dar es Salaam.

In 2006, the Walter Rodney Essay Competition was established in the Department of Afro-American and African Studies at the [[University of Michigan]].

In 2006, the Walter Rodney Foundation was established by the Rodney family. It is headquartered in [[Atlanta]] and aims to share the works and legacy of Rodney with the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.walterrodneyfoundation.org/about/|title=WHO WE ARE|access-date=5 September 2020|website=Walter Rodney Foundation}}</ref>

In 2010, the Walter Rodney Commemorative Symposium was held at [[York College, City University of New York|York College]].<ref>{{Citation|title=The Walter Rodney Commemorative Symposium @ York college| date=7 July 2010 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7OY4ZauXZ2s |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/7OY4ZauXZ2s |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|language=en|access-date=2021-04-06}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

The Department of African American Studies at [[Syracuse University]] has established the [[Angela Davis]]/Walter Rodney Award of Academic Achievement.

The Department of Afro-American and African Studies (DAAS) at the University of Michigan established the [[W. E. B. Du Bois|DuBois]]-[[Nelson Mandela|Mandela]]-Rodney Postdoctoral Fellowship Program.

In 2012, the Walter Rodney Conference celebrating the 40th anniversary of the publication of ''How Europe Underdeveloped Africa'' was held at [[Binghamton University]].

In 2022, at the 36th Elsa Goveia Memorial Lecture, ''50th Anniversary of Dr. Walter Rodney's Book: "How Europe Underdeveloped Africa"'', was presented by [[Horace G. Campbell]] at [[University of the West Indies]].

Rodney is the subject of the 2010 documentary film by Clairmont Chung, ''W.A.R. Stories: Walter Anthony Rodney''.<ref>[http://www.rootsculturemedia.com/ ''W.A.R. Stories: Walter Anthony Rodney''], Roots and Culture Media.</ref>

The Walter Rodney Close in the [[London Borough of Newham]] has been named in honour of Rodney.

Walter Rodney is listed on the Black Achievers Wall in the [[International Slavery Museum]], Liverpool, UK.

In 2022 and 2023, [https://www.savvy-contemporary.com SAVVY Contemporary], an independent art space in Berlin (Germany), dedicated a research, performance and exhibition project, titled to Walter Rodney, fifty years after the publication of H''ow Europe Underdeveloped Africa''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UNRAVELING THE (UNDER-) DEVELOPMENT COMPLEX |url=https://www.savvy-contemporary.com/en/projects/2023/unraveling-the-under-development-complex/ |date=2023|access-date=2023-01-23 |website=S A V V Y Contemporary |language=en}}</ref>

Father-and-son filmmaking duo Arlen Harris and Daniyal Harris-Vadja directed a 2023 documentary exploring Rodney's life, ''Walter Rodney: What They Don’t Want You to Know''.<ref>{{cite web | first=William | last=Shoki | title=This is what they don't want you to know | website=Africa Is A Country | date=3 April 2023 | language=en | url=https://africasacountry.com/2023/04/this-is-what-they-dont-want-you-to-know | access-date=2023-11-28 }}</ref>

==Works==
{{Anchor|Bibliography}}{{Anchor|By Walter Rodney}}
* ''The Groundings with my Brothers'' (London: [[Bogle L'Ouverture Publications]], 1969)
* ''West Africa and the Atlantic Slave-Trade'' (1970) 
* ''A History of the Upper Guinea Coast 1545–1800'' (Oxford: [[Clarendon Press]], 1970)
* ''[[How Europe Underdeveloped Africa]]'' (1972)
* ''World War II and the Tanzanian Economy'' (1976)
* ''Guyanese Sugar Plantations in the Late Nineteenth Century: a Contemporary Description from the "Argosy"'' (Georgetown, Guyana: Release Publications, 1979)
* ''Marx in the Liberation of Africa'' (1981)
* ''A History of the Guyanese Working People, 1881–1905'' (Baltimore, MD: [[The Johns Hopkins University Press]], 1981)
* ''Walter Rodney Speaks: the Making of an African Intellectual'' (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1990)
* ''Kofi Baadu Out of Africa'' (Georgetown, Guyana), children's book
* ''Lakshmi Out of India'' (Georgetown, Guyana: The Guyana Book Foundation, 2000), children's book
* ''The [[Russian Revolution]]: A View from the Third World'' (New York: [[Verso Books]], 2018)
* ''Decolonial Marxism: Essays from the Pan-African Revolution'' (New York: Verso Books, 2022)
* "[http://historyisaweapon.com/defcon1/rodneylib.html African History in the Service of the Black Liberation"], lecture presented at the Congress of Black Writers, Montreal, Canada, 12 October 1968
* "George Jackson: Black Revolutionary" in ''Maji Maji'', (5): 4–6 (1971)
* [https://libcom.org/library/street-speech-walter-rodney Street speech given in Guyana]
* "African slavery and other forms of social oppression on the Upper Guinea Coast, 1580–1650, ''Journal of African History'', 7(3):431–43.
* Portuguese attempts at monopoly on the Upper Guinea Coast", ''Journal of African History''. 6(3):307-22.
* "The impact of the Atlantic Slave Trade in West Africa", in Roland Oliver (editor), ''The Middle Age of African History'', Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1967.
* "Education and Tanzanian socialism", in Resnick (editor), ''Tanzania: Revolution by Education'', Longmans of Tanzania, Arusha, 1968.
* "European activity and African reaction in Angola", in [[Terence Ranger]] (editor), ''Aspects of Central African History'', Northwestern University Press, Evanston, 1968.
* "The role of the university in developing Africa", Public Lecture, Makerere Students Guild, Makerere University, Kampala, October 1970.
* "African labour under capitalism and imperialism", Cheche, University of Dar es Salaam, November 1969, 1:4–12.
* "Ideology of the African revolution: Paper presented at the 2nd seminar of East and Central African Youth", ''The Nationalist'' (Dar es Salaam), 11 October 1969.
* "The Colonial Economy", in A. Boahen (editor), ''African under colonial domination 1880–1935'', Heinemann and UNESCO, California, 1985.
* "The political economy of colonial Tanganyika 1890–1930", in M. H. Kaniki, ''Tanzania Under Colonial Rule'', Longman, London,1980.
* "Africa in Europe and the Americas", in Richard Gray (editor), ''The Cambridge History of Africa'', Volume 4:c.1600–c.1790, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1975.
* "The Guinea Coast", in Richard Gray (editor), ''The Cambridge History of Africa'', Volume 4:c.1600–c.1790, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1975.
* "Some implications of the question of disengagement from imperialism", ''Maji Maji'', University of Dar es Salaam, January 1971, 1:3–8
* "State formation and class formation in Tanzania", ''Maji Maji'', 1973, 11:25–32.
* "Slavery and underdevelopment", in M. Craton (editor), ''Roots and Branches: Current directions in Slave Studies'', New York: Pergamon Press, 1979.
* "Class contradictions in Tanzania", in H. Othman (editor), ''The State in Tanzania: Who controls it and whose interests does it serve'', Dar es Salam: Dar es Salaam University Press, 1980.
* "A Reconsideration of the Mane Invasions of Sierra Leone". In: ''Journal of African History'', 1967a, 8/2, 219–246.
* "Resistance and accommodation in Ovimbundu/Portuguese relations". History departmental seminar, University of Dar es Salaam (1972b)
* "The year 1895 in southern Mozambique: African resistance to the imposition of European colonial rule", ''Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria'', 1971, 5 (4): 509–35.

== Further reading ==
{{Anchor|By others}}
* ''"And finally they killed him": speeches and poems at a memorial rally for Walter Rodney, 1942–80'', Oduduwa Hall, University of Ife, Nigeria, Friday, 27 June 1980.
* ''Walter Rodney: Revolutionary and Scholar: A Tribute'' (Los Angeles: Center for African-American Studies and African Studies Center, [[University of California, Los Angeles|University of California]], 1982)
* C. L. R. James, ''[https://www.marxists.org/archive/james-clr/works/1981/01/rodney.htm Walter Rodney and the Question of Power]'' (London: [[Race Today|Race Today Publications]], 1983)
* University of Hamburg (1984) A tribute to Walter Rodney: "One Hundred years of development in Africa"; Lectures given at Universitat of Hamburg in September 1978.
* [[Clive Y. Thomas]], “Walter Rodney and the Caribbean Revolution”(speech at a symposium, University of California, Los Angeles, 1981.
* David Dabydeen and Andrew Salkey (eds), ''Walter Rodney, Poetic Tributes'' (London: Bogle-L'Ouverture, 1985)
* [[Horace Campbell]]. ''Rasta and Resistance: From Marcus Garvey to Walter Rodney'' (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1985)
* Gabriehu. ''Dangerous Times: The Assassination of Dr. Walter Rodney'' (Brooklyn, NY: Gibbi Books, 2003)
* Rupert Lewis. ''Walter Rodney`s Intellectual and Political Thought'' (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1998)
* Rupert Lewis. ''Walter Rodney: 1968 Revisited''
* [[Issa G. Shivji]], [http://monthlyreview.org/2012/12/01/remembering-walter-rodney "Remembering Walter Rodney"], ''Monthly Review'', Volume 64, Issue 07 (December 2012).
* Nigel Westmaas, “40 Years of How Europe Underdeveloped Africa,” ''Pambazuka News'', June 14, 2012.
* Clairmont Chung, "A Promise of Revolution", in ''Monthly Review Press'' (2013)
* Karim F. Hirji, ''The Enduring Relevance of Walter Rodney's How Europe Underdeveloped Africa'' (2017)
* Kimani Nehusi, "Forty-Seven Years After: Understanding and Updating Walter Rodney", ''Africa Update'', 26.3 (Summer 2019)
* Matthew Quest, "The Historical Retrieval and Controversy of Walter Rodney's Russian Revolution", ''New Politics'', Winter 2020
* Kristin Plys, "Theorizing Capitalist Imperialism for an Anti-Imperialist Praxis: Towards a Rodneyan World-Systems Analysis", ''Journal of World Systems Research'', Volume 27, Issue 01, 2021.<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://jwsr.pitt.edu/ojs/jwsr/article/view/1022/1511 | doi=10.5195/jwsr.2021.1022 | title=Theorizing Capitalist Imperialism for an Anti-Imperialist Praxis | year=2021 | last1=Plys | first1=Kristin | journal=Journal of World-Systems Research | volume=27 | pages=288–313 | s2cid=233689871 | doi-access=free }}</ref> 
* Leo Zeilig, "A Revolutionary for our Time" (The Walter Rodney Story) Haymarket Books, May 2022
* Chinedu Chukwudinma, "A Rebel's Guide to Walter Rodney", April 2022.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{archival records|title=Walter Rodney collection}}
{{Wikiquote}}
*{{Commons category-inline}}
*[https://www.walterrodneyfoundation.org/ Walter Rodney Foundation]
*[https://www.marxists.org/subject/africa/rodney-walter/index.htm Walter Rodney Archive] at [[marxists.org]]
*[http://rodney25.org/ Walter Rodney 25 Anniversary Commemoration Committee]
*[http://www.guyanacaribbeanpolitics.com/wpa/rodney_bio.html Rodney biography]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110515141746/http://www.guyanacaribbeanpolitics.com/wpa/rodney_literature.html The "Walter Rodney Factor in West Indian Literature"] archived from the original [http://www.guyanacaribbeanpolitics.com/wpa/rodney_literature.html The "Walter Rodney Effect"]
*[http://www.library.cornell.edu/africana/lecture/campbell.pdf/ Walter Rodney and Pan Africanism Today] by [[Horace Campbell]]

{{Pan-Africanism}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rodney, Walter}}
[[Category:1942 births]]
[[Category:1980 deaths]]
[[Category:1980 murders in South America]]
[[Category:Walter Rodney| ]]
[[Category:20th-century Guyanese historians]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Dar es Salaam]]
[[Category:Guyanese people of African descent]]
[[Category:Alumni of Queen's College, Guyana]]
[[Category:Alumni of SOAS University of London]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of London]]
[[Category:Alumni of University of London Worldwide]]
[[Category:Activists against anti-Black racism]]
[[Category:Assassinated Guyanese politicians]]
[[Category:Guyanese Africanists]]
[[Category:Guyanese democracy activists]]
[[Category:Guyanese Marxists]]
[[Category:Guyanese pan-Africanists]]
[[Category:Guyanese writers]]
[[Category:Imperialism studies]]
[[Category:Marxist historians]]
[[Category:People from Georgetown, Guyana]]
[[Category:People murdered in Guyana]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of Excellence of Guyana]]
[[Category:University of the West Indies alumni]]
[[Category:Working People's Alliance politicians]]
[[Category:South American politicians assassinated in the 1980s]]
[[Category:Politicians assassinated in 1980]]