Editing Weird fiction

{{Short description|Subgenre of speculative fiction}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Fantasy}}

'''Weird fiction''' is a subgenre of [[speculative fiction]] originating in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Weird fiction either eschews or radically reinterprets traditional antagonists of [[Supernatural fiction|supernatural]] [[horror fiction]], such as [[ghosts]], [[vampires]], and [[werewolves]].<ref name="cm" /><ref name="jaw" /><ref name=weirdfictionintro>{{cite web|last1=VanderMeer|first1=Ann and Jeff|title=The Weird: An Introduction|url=http://weirdfictionreview.com/2012/05/the-weird-an-introduction/|website=Weird Fiction Review|date=6 May 2012 |access-date=7 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714163637/http://weirdfictionreview.com/2012/05/the-weird-an-introduction/|archive-date=14 July 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> Writers on the subject of weird fiction, such as [[China Miéville]], sometimes use "the [[tentacle]]" to represent this type of writing. The tentacle is a limb-type absent from most of the monsters of European [[Gothic fiction]], but often attached to the monstrous creatures created by weird fiction writers, such as [[William Hope Hodgson]], [[M. R. James]], [[Clark Ashton Smith]], and [[H. P. Lovecraft]].<ref name="cm" /><ref name=weirdfictionintro />

Weird fiction often attempts to inspire [[awe]] as well as fear in response to its fictional creations, causing commentators like Miéville to paraphrase [[Goethe]] in saying that weird fiction evokes a sense of the [[numinous]].<ref name="cm" /> Although "weird fiction" has been chiefly used as a historical description for works through the 1930s, it experienced a resurgence in the 1980s and 1990s, under the label of [[New weird|New Weird]], which continues into the 21st century.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nunnally|first=Mya|date=2017-10-19|title=A Beginner's Guide to the New Weird Genre|url=https://bookriot.com/new-weird-genre/|access-date=2020-11-11|website=BOOK RIOT|language=en-US}}</ref>

==Definitions==
[[John Clute]] defines weird fiction as a term "used loosely to describe [[fantasy]], [[supernatural fiction]] and [[Horror and terror|horror]] tales embodying transgressive material".<ref name="eof">[[John Clute]], "[http://sf-encyclopedia.uk/fe.php?nm=weird_fiction Weird Fiction] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180930034021/http://sf-encyclopedia.uk/fe.php?nm=weird_fiction |date=2018-09-30 }}", in ''[[The Encyclopedia of Fantasy]]'', 1997. Retrieved 29 September 2018.</ref> China Miéville defines it as "usually, roughly, conceived of as a rather breathless and generically slippery macabre fiction, a dark fantastic ('horror' plus 'fantasy') often featuring nontraditional alien monsters (thus plus 'science fiction')".<ref name="cm">China Miéville, "Weird Fiction", in Bould, Mark et al., ''The Routledge Companion to Science Fiction''. New York: Routledge, 2009, p. 510–516. {{ISBN|0-415-45378-X}}</ref> Discussing the "Old Weird Fiction" published in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Jeffrey Andrew Weinstock says, "Old Weird fiction utilises elements of horror, science fiction and fantasy to showcase the impotence and insignificance of human beings within a much larger universe populated by often malign powers and forces that greatly exceed the human capacities to understand or control them."<ref name="jaw">Jeffrey Andrew Weinstock, "The New Weird", in Ken Gelder, ''New Directions in Popular Fiction: genre, reproduction, distribution''. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016, pp. 177–200. {{ISBN|9781137523457}}</ref> 

[[Jeff VanderMeer|Jeff]] and [[Ann VanderMeer]] describe weird fiction not as a genre of fiction, but rather as a [[Mode (literature)|mode]] of literature  (i.e. a style or mood) usually appearing within the horror fiction genre.<ref>James Machin, ''Weird Fiction in Britain, 1880-1939'', Palgrave Macmillan, 2018, p. 4, 12-14. {{ISBN|9783319905266}}</ref>

==History==
[[File:MRJames1900.jpg|thumb|upright|[[M. R. James]], {{Circa|1900}}]]
[[File:H. P. Lovecraft, June 1934.jpg|thumb|upright|H. P. Lovecraft, pictured in 1934]]

Although the term "weird fiction" did not appear until the 20th century, [[Edgar Allan Poe]] is often regarded as the pioneering author of weird fiction. Poe was identified by Lovecraft as the first author of a distinct type of [[supernatural fiction]] different from traditional Gothic literature, and later commentators on the term have also suggested Poe was the first "weird fiction" writer.<ref name="cm" /><ref name="jaw" /> [[Sheridan Le Fanu]] is also seen as an early writer working in the sub-genre.<ref name="cm" />

Literary critics in the nineteenth century would sometimes use the term "weird" to describe supernatural fiction. For instance, the ''Scottish Review'' in an 1859 article praised Poe, [[E. T. A. Hoffmann]] and [[Walter Scott]] by saying the three writers had the "power of weird imagination".<ref>Machin, p. 22</ref> The Irish magazine ''[[The Freeman's Journal]]'', in an 1898 review of ''[[Dracula]]'' by [[Bram Stoker]], described the novel as "wild and weird" and not Gothic.<ref>Machin, p. 14</ref> Weinstock has suggested there was a period of "Old Weird Fiction" that lasted from the late 19th to early 20th centuries.<ref name="jaw" /> [[S. T. Joshi]] and Miéville have both argued that there was a period of "Haute Weird" between 1880 and 1940, when authors important to Weird Fiction, such as [[Arthur Machen]] and [[Clark Ashton Smith]] were publishing their work.<ref name="cm" /><ref name="jaw" />

In the late nineteenth century, a number of British writers associated with the [[Decadent movement]] wrote what was later described as weird fiction. These writers included Machen, [[M. P. Shiel]], [[Eric Stenbock|Count Eric Stenbock]], and [[Robert Murray Gilchrist|R. Murray Gilchrist]].<ref>Machin, p. 78</ref> Other pioneering British weird fiction writers included [[Algernon Blackwood]],<ref name=Joshi1>{{cite book | last=Joshi | first=S. T. | author-link=S. T. Joshi | year=1990 | title=The Weird Tale | publisher=University of Texas Press | isbn=0-292-79050-3}}</ref> [[William Hope Hodgson]], [[Lord Dunsany]],<ref>Joshi 1990, p. 42</ref> Arthur Machen,<ref>Joshi 1990, p. 12</ref> and [[M. R. James]].<ref>Joshi 1990, p. 133</ref>

The American [[pulp magazine]] ''[[Weird Tales]]'' published many such stories in the United States from March 1923 to September 1954. The magazine's editor [[Farnsworth Wright]] often used the term "weird fiction" to describe the type of material that the magazine published.<ref>Machin, p. 222-5</ref> The writers who wrote for the magazine ''[[Weird Tales]]'' are thus closely identified with the weird fiction subgenre, especially [[H. P. Lovecraft]], Clark Ashton Smith, [[Fritz Leiber]] and [[Robert Bloch]].<ref name="cm" /> Other pulp magazines that published weird fiction included ''[[Strange Tales (pulp magazine)|Strange Tales]]'' (edited by [[Harry Bates (author)|Harry Bates]]),<ref>"Bates had an affinity for weird fiction, but ''Strange Tales'' didn't go in for Lovecraft's brooding, wordy atmospherics." Ed Hulse, ''The Blood 'n' Thunder Guide to Pulp Fiction''. Murania Press, Morris Plains, New Jersey, 2018, pp. 130–131. {{ISBN|978-1726443463}}</ref> and ''[[Unknown (magazine)|Unknown Worlds]]'' (edited by [[John W. Campbell]]).<ref>"Without a doubt, the major event in weird fiction in 1939 was the premiere of ''Unknown'' (later retitled ''Unknown Worlds'')".Robert E. Weinberg, Stefan R. Dziemianowicz, Martin Harry Greenberg, ''Rivals of Weird Tales: 30 great fantasy & horror stories from the weird fiction pulps'' Bonanza Books, 1990, p. xvii. {{ISBN|9780517693315}}</ref>

H. P. Lovecraft popularised the term "weird fiction" in his essays.<ref name="cm" /> In "[[Supernatural Horror in Literature]]", Lovecraft gives his definition of weird fiction:

<blockquote>The true weird tale has something more than secret murder, bloody bones, or a sheeted form clanking chains according to rule. A certain atmosphere of breathless and unexplainable dread of outer, unknown forces must be present; and there must be a hint, expressed with a seriousness and portentousness becoming its subject, of that most terrible conception of the human brain—a malign and particular suspension or defeat of those fixed laws of Nature which are our only safeguard against the assaults of chaos and the daemons of unplumbed space.</blockquote>

[[S. T. Joshi]] describes several subdivisions of the weird tale: supernatural horror (or [[fantastique]]), the [[ghost story]], quasi [[science fiction]], [[fantasy]], and ambiguous [[horror fiction]] and argues that "the weird tale" is primarily the result of the philosophical and aesthetic predispositions of the authors associated with this type of fiction.<ref>{{cite book |last=Joshi |first=S. T. |date=January 2003 |chapter=Introduction |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ubE5ylK0GTgC&q=wordview |title=The Weird Tale |isbn=9780809531226 |publisher=Wildside Press LLC}}</ref><ref name= Joshi7-10>Joshi 1990, pp. 7–10</ref>

Although Lovecraft was one of the few early 20th-century writers to describe his work as "weird fiction",<ref name= Joshi1/> the term has enjoyed a contemporary revival in [[New Weird]] fiction. Many horror writers have also situated themselves within the weird tradition, including [[Clive Barker]], who describes his fiction as [[fantastique]],<ref name=Barker>{{cite book | last=Winter | first=Douglas E. | author-link=Douglas E. Winter | year=2002 | title=Clive Barker: The Dark Fantastic: The Authorized Biography | url=https://archive.org/details/clivebarker00doug | url-access=registration | publisher=HarperCollins | isbn=0-06-621392-4}}, pp. 217-18</ref> and [[Ramsey Campbell]],<ref name=Joshi231/> whose early work was influenced by Lovecraft.<ref>Campbell, Ramsey. "Chasing the Unknown", introduction to ''Cold Print'' (1993), pp. 11–13. {{ISBN|0-8125-1660-5}}</ref>

==Notable authors==
The following notable authors have been described as writers of weird fiction. They are listed alphabetically by last name, and organised by the time period when they began to publish weird fiction.

===Before 1940===
{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}
* [[Ryūnosuke Akutagawa]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Roberto Arlt]]
* [[R. H. Barlow]]
* [[E. F. Benson]]<ref name=Joshi231/>
* [[Ambrose Bierce]]<ref>Joshi 1990, p. 143</ref>
* [[Algernon Blackwood]]<ref>Joshi 1990, p. 87</ref>
* [[Robert Bloch]]
* [[Marjorie Bowen]]<ref>""Marjorie Bowen" was the pseudonym of Gabrielle M.V. Campbell Long, and she wrote extensively, using from six to ten pen names throughout her career, primarily in mainstream fiction. Yet her weird fiction ranks favorably with such distaff portrayers of the supernatural as Mary Wilkins-Freeman, Edith Wharton and Lady Cynthia Asquith." Sheldon Jaffery, ''The Arkham House Companion'', San Bernardino, Calif.: Borgo Press, 1990, p. 117. {{ISBN|9781557420046}}</ref>
* [[John Buchan]]<ref>Machin 2018, pp. 163–219</ref>
* [[Mikhail Bulgakov]]
* [[Leonora Carrington]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Robert W. Chambers]]<ref name="cm" />
* [[Leonard Cline]]
* [[Mary Elizabeth Counselman]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Walter de la Mare]]<ref name=Joshi231/>
* [[August Derleth]]
* [[Lord Dunsany]]
* [[E. R. Eddison]]<ref name=Joshi231/>
* [[Guy Endore]]<ref>Jerry L. Ball, "Guy Endore's The Werewolf of Paris: The Definitive Werewolf Novel?" ''Studies in Weird Fiction'', no. 17, summer 1995, pp. 2–12</ref>
* [[Robert Murray Gilchrist]]<ref>Machin 2018, pp. 99–101</ref>
* [[Stefan Grabiński]]<ref>Timothy Jarvis, ''[http://weirdfictionreview.com/2016/12/101-weird-writers-45-stefan-grabinski/ 101 Weird Writers #45 — Stefan Grabiński] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180528133949/http://weirdfictionreview.com/2016/12/101-weird-writers-45-stefan-grabinski/ |date=2018-05-28 }}'', ''Weird Fiction Review'', December 20, 2016. Retrieved September 1 2018.</ref>
* [[Alexander Grin]]
* [[Nikolai Gogol]]
* [[Sakutarō Hagiwara]]
* [[L. P. Hartley]]<ref name=Joshi231/>
* [[W. F. Harvey]]
* [[Nathaniel Hawthorne]]<ref>"''Twice-Told Tales''...and ''Mosses From an Old Manse'' (1846; 23s) include most of Hawthorne's weird fiction. " [[Mike Ashley (writer)|Michael Ashley]], ''Who's Who in Horror and Fantasy Fiction''.
Taplinger Publishing Company, 1978, p. 90. {{ISBN|9780800882754}}</ref>
* [[Lafcadio Hearn]]
* [[Georg Heym]]
* [[William Hope Hodgson]]<ref name=Joshi231>Joshi 1990, p. 231</ref>
* [[E. T. A. Hoffmann]]<ref name="hadji">"13 Supreme Masters of Weird Fiction" by R.S Hadji.''[[Twilight Zone literature|Rod Serling's The Twilight Zone Magazine]]'',
May–June 1983, p. 84</ref>
* [[Robert E. Howard]]<ref name=Joshi231/>
* [[Carl Richard Jacobi|Carl Jacobi]]<ref name="cm" />
* [[Henry James]]
* [[M. R. James]]<ref name="cm" />
* [[Franz Kafka]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Charles Francis Keary|C. F. Keary]]<ref>"C. F. Keary, "Twixt Dog and Wolf"... [is] a collection of two novellas, one short story, and ten "phantasies," all of which are literary weird fiction of a high order". [[Douglas A. Anderson]], Late Reviews. Nodens Books, Marcellus, MI, 2018, p. 89. {{ISBN|9781987512564}}</ref>
* [[Alfred Kubin]]
* [[Henry Kuttner]]
* [[Vernon Lee]]<ref>"Vernon Lee (1856-1935) was the pseudonym of lesbian Violet Paget, who was well known for her literary output, a substantial portion of which was considered either "weird fiction" or ghost stories." Eric Garber, & Lyn Paleo ''Uranian worlds: a guide to alternative sexuality in science fiction, fantasy, and horror'' G.K. Hall, 1990, p. 125. {{ISBN|9780816118328}}</ref>
* [[Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu]]<ref name="cm" />
* [[Fritz Leiber]]
* [[David Lindsay (novelist)|David Lindsay]]<ref name=Mieville>{{cite journal |last=Gordon |first=Joan |year=2003 |title=Reveling in Genre: An Interview with China Miéville |journal=Science Fiction Studies |volume=30 |issue=91 |url=http://www.depauw.edu/sfs/interviews/mievilleinterview.htm |access-date=2010-02-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190715091050/https://www.depauw.edu/sfs/interviews/mievilleinterview.htm |archive-date=2019-07-15 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Frank Belknap Long]]
* [[H. P. Lovecraft]]
* [[Arthur Machen]]
* [[Daphne du Maurier]]
* [[Abraham Merrit]]<ref name="cm" />
* [[Gustav Meyrink]]
* [[C. L. Moore]]<ref name="cm" />
* [[Fitz James O'Brien]]
* [[Oliver Onions]]<ref name=Joshi231/>
* [[Thomas Owen (author)|Thomas Owen]]<ref>{{cite web|last1=Gauvin|first1=Edward|title=Kavar the Rat|date=November 2011 |url=http://weirdfictionreview.com/2011/11/kavar-the-rat-thomas-owen/|access-date=7 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714153535/http://weirdfictionreview.com/2011/11/kavar-the-rat-thomas-owen/|archive-date=14 July 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Edgar Allan Poe]]<ref name="hadji" />
* [[Horacio Quiroga]]
* [[Edogawa Ranpo]]
* [[Jean Ray (author)|Jean Ray]]
* [[Tod Robbins]]<ref>"Tod Robbins (Clarence Aaron Robbins, 1888-1949) specialized in weird fiction throughout his lengthy writing career." Christie, Gene. ''The People of the Pit, and other early horrors from the Munsey Pulps''.
Normal, IL : Black Dog Books, 2010. {{ISBN|9781928619963}} (p. 201).</ref>
* [[Eric Frank Russell]]<ref>"Although Eric Frank Russell wrote a relatively small number of novels, he published several major collections...More recently, Midnight House collected much of his best horror and weird fiction in ''Darker Tides'' in 2006". O'Neill, John. [https://www.blackgate.com/2014/04/13/vintage-treasures-sentinels-of-space-by-eric-frank-russell-the-ultimate-invader/ Vintage Treasures: Sentinels of Space by Eric Frank Russell / The Ultimate Invader edited by Donald Wollheim] ''[[Black Gate (magazine)|Black Gate]]'', 13 April 2020. Retrieved 14 October 2020.</ref>
* [[Bruno Schulz]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Marcel Schwob]]
* [[Walter Scott]]
* [[Mary Shelley]]
* [[M. P. Shiel]]<ref name=Joshi231/>
* [[William Milligan Sloane III]]
* [[Clark Ashton Smith]]<ref name=Joshi231/>
* [[Eric Stenbock]]<ref>Machin 2018, pp. 101–114</ref>
* [[Gertrude Barrows Bennett|Francis Stevens]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Robert Louis Stevenson]]
* [[Bram Stoker]]
* [[Theodore Sturgeon]]
* [[Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy]]
* [[E. H. Visiak]]<ref name="cm" />
* [[H. Russell Wakefield]]
* [[Hugh Walpole]]
* [[Evangeline Walton]]
* [[Donald Wandrei]]<ref name="eof" />
* [[Howard Wandrei]]
* [[H. G. Wells]]<ref name="cm" />
* [[Edward Lucas White]]<ref name="cm" />
* [[Henry S. Whitehead]]<ref>"The sudden and unexpected death on June 11 (1936) of Robert Ervin Howard, author of fantastic tales of incomparable vividness, forms weird fiction's worst loss since the passing of Henry S. Whitehead four years ago". H. P. Lovecraft, "Robert Ervin Howard: A Memorial" (1936). Reprinted in Leon Nielsen,''Robert E. Howard: A Collector’s Descriptive Bibliography of American and British Hardcover, Paperback, Magazine, Special and Amateur Editions, with a Biography''. McFarland, 2010, p. 39. {{ISBN|9781476604244}}</ref>
{{div col end}}

===1940–1980===
{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}
* [[Kōbō Abe]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Robert Aickman]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[J. G. Ballard]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Charles Beaumont]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Olympe Bhely-Quenum]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Jerome Bixby]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Jorge Luis Borges]]
* [[Ray Bradbury]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[William S. Burroughs]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Octavia E. Butler]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Ramsey Campbell]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Angela Carter]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Julio Cortázar]]<ref>{{cite web|last1=Nolen|first1=Larry|title=Weirdfictionreview.com's 101 Weird Writers: #3 – Julio Cortázar|url=http://weirdfictionreview.com/2012/01/weirdfictionreview-coms-101-weird-writers-3-julio-cortazar/|website=Weird Fiction Review|access-date=1 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130413134744/http://weirdfictionreview.com/2012/01/weirdfictionreview-coms-101-weird-writers-3-julio-cortazar/|archive-date=13 April 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Philip K. Dick]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Thomas M. Disch]]
* [[Harlan Ellison]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Philippe Druillet]]
* [[Shirley Jackson]]<ref name=Joshi231/>
* [[Stephen King]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Tanith Lee]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[George R. R. Martin]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Richard Matheson]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Augusto Monterroso]]
* [[Michael Moorcock]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Haruki Murakami]]
* [[Joyce Carol Oates]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Mervyn Peake]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Joanna Russ]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Sarban (author)|Sarban]]<ref name="eof" />
* [[William Sansom]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Claude Seignolle]]<ref name="hadji" />
* [[Margaret St. Clair]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Peter Straub]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[James Tiptree, Jr.]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Amos Tutuola]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Jack Vance]]
* [[Karl Edward Wagner]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Manly Wade Wellman]]
* [[Gahan Wilson]]<ref>"...the cartoonist Gahan Wilson, whose thirty-odd- year sideline as an occasional writer of weird fiction has now heaped up enough oddments to fill a book." [[Brian Stableford]], ''News of the Black Feast and Other Random Reviews''. Rockville, Maryland: The Borgo Press, p. 131. {{ISBN|9781434403360}}.</ref>
* [[Gene Wolfe]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
{{div col end}}

===1980–present===
{{More citations needed section|date=January 2021}}
{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}
* [[Daniel Abraham (author)|Daniel Abraham]]
* [[Michal Ajvaz]]
* [[Nathan Ballingrud]]
* [[Clive Barker]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro /><ref name="tnw">{{Cite book |last=VanderMeer |first=Ann |author2=Jeff VanderMeer |title=The New Weird |publisher=Tachyon |date=2008 |pages=xvi |isbn=978-1-892391-55-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eR7uAAAAMAAJ |access-date=2016-11-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140627174059/http://books.google.com/books?id=eR7uAAAAMAAJ |archive-date=2014-06-27 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Laird Barron]]
* [[David Beauchard]]
* [[K. J. Bishop]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[James P. Blaylock]]
* [[Giannina Braschi]]
* [[Poppy Z. Brite]]
* [[Kevin Brockmeier]]
* [[Charles Burns (cartoonist)|Charles Burns]]
* [[Jonathan Carroll]]<ref name="eof" />
* [[David F. Case]]
* [[Michael Chabon]]
* [[Michael Cisco]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Nancy A. Collins|Nancy Collins]]
* [[Brendan Connell]]
* [[Andrey Dashkov]]
* [[Mark Z. Danielewski]]
* [[Junot Díaz]]
* [[Doug Dorst]]
* [[Michael Dougherty]]
* [[Hal Duncan]]<ref name="cm" />
* [[Katherine Dunn]]<ref name="cm" />
* [[Dennis Etchison]]
* [[Brian Evenson]]
* [[Paul Di Filippo]]
* [[Jeffrey Ford]]
* [[Neil Gaiman]]
* [[Felix Gilman]]
* [[Jean Giraud]]
* [[Elizabeth Hand]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[M. John Harrison]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Brian Hodge]]
* [[Wolfgang Hohlbein]]
* [[Simon Ings]]<ref name="tnw" />
* [[Junji Ito]]
* [[Alejandro Jodorowsky]]
* [[Stephen Graham Jones]]
* [[Caitlín R. Kiernan]]<ref name="cm" />
* [[T. E. D. Klein]]<ref name=Joshi231/>
* [[Kathe Koja]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Leena Krohn]]
* [[Marc Laidlaw]]
* [[Jay Lake]]
* [[Margo Lanagan]]
* [[John Langan]]
* [[Joe R. Lansdale]]
* [[Deborah Levy]]
* [[Thomas Ligotti]]<ref name="cm" />
* [[Kelly Link]]
* [[Brian Lumley]]
* [[Carmen Maria Machado]]
* [[Ilya Masodov]]
* [[Michael McDowell (author)|Michael McDowell]]
* [[Lincoln Michel]]
* [[China Miéville]]
* [[Sarah Monette]]
* [[Grant Morrison]]<ref name="cm" />
* [[Reza Negarestani]]
* [[Scott Nicolay]]
* [[Jeff Noon]]
* [[David Ohle]]
* [[Ben Okri]]
* [[Otsuichi]]
* [[Helen Oyeyemi]]
* [[Jason Pargin|Jason Pargin (David Wong)]]
* [[Benoît Peeters]]
* [[Cameron Pierce]]
* [[Rachel Pollack]]
* [[Tim Powers]]
* [[W. H. Pugmire]]
* [[Joseph S. Pulver, Sr.]]
* [[Cat Rambo]]
* [[Alistair Rennie]]
* [[Matt Ruff]]
* [[Sofia Samatar]]
* [[Andrzej Sarwa]]
* [[François Schuiten]]
* [[JD Scott]]
* [[Lucius Shepard]]
* [[William Browning Spencer]]
* [[Simon Strantzas]]
* [[Charles Stross]]
* [[Oh Seong-dae]]
* [[R. L. Stine]]
* [[Steph Swainston]]<ref name=weirdfictionintro />
* [[Jeffrey Thomas (writer)|Jeffrey Thomas]]
* [[Richard Thomas (author)|Richard Thomas]]
* [[Karin Tidbeck]]
* [[Lisa Tuttle]]
* [[Steven Utley]]
* [[Jeff VanderMeer]]
* [[Aliya Whiteley]]
* [[Liz Williams]]
* [[Chet Williamson]]<ref name="eof" />
* [[F. Paul Wilson]]<ref name="eof" />
* [[Christopher Howard Wolf]]
{{div col end}}

==New Weird==
{{Main|New weird}}

[[Ann VanderMeer|Ann]] and [[Jeff VanderMeer]] and [[China Miéville]] have suggested that weird fiction has seen a recent resurgence, a phenomenon they term the [[New Weird]]. Tales which fit this category, as well as extensive discussion of the phenomenon, appear in the anthology ''The New Weird''.<ref name="tnw" />

==See also==
* [[Cosmic horror]]
** [[Cthulhu Mythos]]
* [[Dark fantasy]]
* [[List of genres]]
* [[Lovecraftian horror]]
* [[Occult detective]]
* [[Surrealism]]
* [[Urban fantasy]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
* {{cite book
  | last=Joshi | first=S. T. | author-link=S. T. Joshi
  | year=1990
  | title=The Weird Tale
  | publisher=University of Texas Press
  | isbn=0-292-79050-3}}

==External links==
* [[s:Notes on Writing Weird Fiction|H. P. Lovecraft, "Notes on Writing Weird Fiction"]]
* [http://weirdtalesmagazine.com/ WeirdTalesMagazine.com], the original magazine of weird fiction
* [http://weirdfictionreview.com/ WeirdFictionReview.com], a website by [[Ann VanderMeer|Ann]] and [[Jeff VanderMeer]] dedicated to the genre
* [https://stayweird.com/ Weird Fun Facts]
{{Fantasy fiction}}
{{Horror fiction}}
{{Goth subculture}}

[[Category:Weird fiction| ]]
[[Category:Speculative fiction]]
[[Category:Science fiction genres]]
[[Category:Fantasy genres]]
[[Category:Science fantasy]]
[[Category:Urban fantasy]]
[[Category:Horror genres]]
[[Category:Paranormal fiction]]
[[Category:Supernatural fiction]]
[[Category:Surrealist works]]