Editing West Java

{{Short description|Province in Java, Indonesia}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = West Java
| native_name        = {{lang|id|Jawa Barat}}
| type               = [[Provinces of Indonesia|Province]]
| official_name      = Province of West Java<br>{{lang|id|{{nobold|Provinsi Jawa Barat}}}}
| nickname           = {{lang|su|Bumi Pasundan}} ([[Sundanese language|Sundanese]])<br>{{Sund|ᮘᮥᮙᮤ ᮕᮞᮥᮔ᮪ᮓᮔ᮪}}<br>Land of Sundanese
| image_shield       = {{#property:p94}}
| shield_size        = 75px
| image_flag         = <!-- Flag was removed (vectorised) as per a [[Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Indonesia/Archive 9#Province infobox photos.svg..|consensus]] at WikiProject Indonesia -->
| flag_size          = 
| image_map          = West Java in Indonesia.svg
| map_alt            = 
| map_caption        = {{centre|{{Legend inline|#C41E3A|outline=red}} '''West Java''' in {{Legend inline|#FFFDD0|outline=silver}} '''[[Indonesia]]'''}}
| coordinates        = {{coord|6|45|S|107|30|E|region:ID_type:adm1st|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint      = 
| coordinates_footnotes = 
| motto              = {{nativename|su|Gemah, Ripah, Répéh, Rapih}}<br>{{Sund|ᮌᮨᮙᮂ ᮛᮤᮕᮂ ᮛᮦᮕᮦᮂ ᮛᮕᮤᮂ}}
<br>Prosperous, Serene, Peaceful, and Harmonious
| established_title  = Established
| established_date   = 14 July 1950
| established_date1  = 
| subdivision_type1  = Capital
| subdivision_name1  = [[Bandung]]
| subdivision_type2  = Largest city
| subdivision_name2  = [[Bekasi]] <!-- do not change the city of Bekasi to Bandung according to [[West_Java#Administrative_divisions]] -->
| government_footnotes = 
| government_type    = 
| governing_body     = West Java Provincial Government
| leader_title       = [[Governor of West Java|Governor]]
| leader_name        = [[Dedi Mulyadi]] ([[Gerindra Party|Gerindra]])
| leader_title2      = Vice Governor
| leader_name2       = [[Erwan Setiawan]]
| leader_title3      = [[Regional House of Representatives|Legislature]]
| leader_name3       = [[West Java Regional House of Representatives]]
| total_type         = <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows -->
| unit_pref          = Metric
| area_footnotes     = <ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2025">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Provinsi Jawa Barat Dalam Angka 2025'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.32)</ref>
| area_magnitude     = 
| dunam_link         = 
| area_total_km2     = 37040.04
| area_total_sq_mi   = <!-- see table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details -->
| area_land_km2      = 
| area_land_sq_mi    = 
| area_water_km2     = 
| area_water_sq_mi   = 
| area_water_percent = 
| area_rank          = 21st in Indonesia
| area_note          = 
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 
| elevation_ft       = 
| elevation_min_m    = 
| elevation_min_ft   = 
| elevation_max_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref>tags -->
| elevation_min_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref>tags -->
| footnotes          = 
| elevation_point    = <!-- for denoting the measurement point -->
| elevation_max_m    = 3078
| elevation_max_ft   = 
| elevation_max_point = [[Mount Cereme]]
| elevation_max_rank = 
| elevation_min_point = <!-- for denoting the measurement point -->
| elevation_min_rank = 
| population_total   = 50345189
| population_as_of   = mid 2024 estimate
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2025">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Provinsi Jawa Barat Dalam Angka 2025'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.32)</ref>
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_sq_mi = 
| population_est     = 
| pop_est_as_of      = 
| pop_est_footnotes  = 
| population_urban   = 
| population_urban_footnotes = 
| population_density_urban_km2 = 
| population_density_urban_sq_mi = 
| population_rural   = 
| population_rural_footnotes = 
| population_density_rural_km2 = 
| population_density_rural_sq_mi = 
| population_rank    = 1st in Indonesia
| population_density_rank = 
| population_note    = 
| population_density = 
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref>tags -->
| demographics1_title1 = [[Ethnic groups in Indonesia|Ethnic groups]]
| demographics1_info1 = * 71.87% [[Sundanese people|Sundanese]]
* 13.29% [[Javanese people|Javanese]]
* 6.2% [[Betawi people|Betawi]]
* 4.22% [[Cirebonese]]
* 1.09% [[Bataks]]
* 0.63% [[Minangkabau people|Minangkabau]]
* 2.7% Others<ref name="SUKU">{{Cite web|title=Kewarganegaraan Suku Bangsa, Agama, Bahasa 2010 |url=http://demografi.bps.go.id/phpfiletree/bahan/kumpulan_tugas_mobilitas_pak_chotib/Kelompok_1/Referensi/BPS_kewarganegaraan_sukubangsa_agama_bahasa_2010.pdf|website=demografi.bps.go.id|publisher=[[Badan Pusat Statistik]] |year=2010|accessdate=17 October 2021|pages=23, 36–41|url-status=dead|archive-date=2017-07-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170712140438/http://demografi.bps.go.id/phpfiletree/bahan/kumpulan_tugas_mobilitas_pak_chotib/Kelompok_1/Referensi/BPS_kewarganegaraan_sukubangsa_agama_bahasa_2010.pdf}}</ref>
| demographics1_title2 = [[Religion in Indonesia|Religion]]
| demographics1_info2 = * 97.34% [[Islam]]
* 1.78% [[Protestanism]]
* 0.61% [[Roman Catholic]]
* 0.2% [[Hinduism]]
* 0.035% [[Buddhism in Indonesia|Buddhism]]
* 0.025% [[Confucianism]]
* 0.010% Others<br>(including [[Hyang]],<br>[[Sunda Wiwitan]], etc.)<ref name="RELIGION">{{cite web|url=https://satudata.kemenag.go.id/dataset/detail/jumlah-penduduk-menurut-agama|title=Jumlah Penduduk Menurut Agama|publisher=[[Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)|Ministry of Religious Affairs]]|date=31 August 2022|access-date=29 October 2023|language=id}}</ref>
| demographics1_title3 = [[Languages of Indonesia|Languages]]
| demographics1_info3 = * [[Indonesian language|Indonesian]] (official)
* [[Sundanese language|Sundanese]] (native)
* [[Cirebonese language|Cirebonese]]
* [[Betawi language|Betawi]]
| timezone1          = [[Time in Indonesia|Indonesia Western Time]]
| utc_offset1        = +7
| iso_code           = ID-JB
| blank_name         = [[Gross domestic product|GDP]] (nominal)
| blank_info         = 2022<ref name="bpsdata2022">{{Cite web |author=Badan Pusat Statistik |author-link=Statistics Indonesia |year=2023 |title=Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (Milyar Rupiah), 2020–2022 |url=https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/52/286/1/-seri-2010-produk-domestik-regional-bruto-.html |publisher=Badan Pusat Statistik |location=Jakarta |language=id}}</ref>
| blank1_name        = &nbsp;- Total
| blank1_info        = [[Indonesian rupiah|Rp]] 2,422.8&nbsp;trillion ([[List of Indonesian provinces by GDP|3rd]])<br>[[USD|US$]] 163.2&nbsp;billion<br>[[Int$]]  509.1&nbsp;billion ([[Purchasing power parity|PPP]])
| blank2_name        = &nbsp;- Per capita
| blank2_info        = [[Indonesian rupiah|Rp]] 49.0&nbsp;million ([[List of Indonesian provinces by GRP per capita|23rd]])<br>[[USD|US$]]&nbsp;3,302<br>[[Int$]]  10,305&nbsp;([[Purchasing power parity|PPP]])
| blank3_name        = &nbsp;- Growth
| blank3_info        = {{Increase}} 5.45%<ref name="bappenas2022">{{Cite web |author=Badan Pembangunan Nasional |author-link=Ministry of National Development Planning (Indonesia) |year=2023 |title=Capaian Indikator Utama Pembangunan |url=https://simreg.bappenas.go.id/home/pemantauan/lpe |publisher=Badan Pembangunan Nasional |location=Jakarta |language=id}}</ref>
| blank4_name        = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2024)
| blank4_info        = {{increase}} 0.749<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bps.go.id/id/pressrelease/2024/11/15/2296/indeks-pembangunan-manusia--ipm--indonesia-tahun-2024-mencapai-75-02--meningkat-0-63-poin-atau-0-85-persen-dibandingkan-tahun-sebelumnya-yang-sebesar-74-39-.html|title=Indeks Pembangunan Manusia 2024|publisher=[[Statistics Indonesia]]|date=2024|language=id|access-date=15 November 2024}}</ref> ([[List of Indonesian provinces by Human Development Index|15th]]) – <span style=color:#090>high</span>
| website            = {{URL|jabarprov.go.id}}
| image_map1         = {{hidden begin|title=OpenStreetMap|ta1=center}}{{Infobox mapframe|frame-width=250|zoom=8}}{{hidden end}}
}}
{{Contains special characters|Sundanese|compact=yes}}

'''West Java''' ({{langx|id|Jawa Barat}}, {{langx|su|{{Sund|ᮏᮝ ᮊᮥᮜᮧᮔ᮪}}|Jawa Kulon}}) is an Indonesian [[Provinces of Indonesia|province]] on the western part of the island of [[Java]], with its provincial capital in [[Bandung]]. West Java is bordered by the province of [[Banten]] and the country's capital region of [[Jakarta]] to the west, the [[Java Sea]] to the north, the province of [[Central Java]] to the east and the [[Indian Ocean]] to the south. With [[Banten]], this province is the native homeland of the [[Sundanese people]], the [[Ethnic groups in Indonesia|second-largest ethnic group in Indonesia]].

West Java was one of the first eight provinces of Indonesia formed following the [[Proclamation of Indonesian Independence|country's independence proclamation]] and was later legally re-established on 14 July 1950. In 1966, the city of [[Jakarta]] was split off from West Java as a 'special capital region' ({{lang|id|Daerah Khusus Ibukota}}), with a status equivalent to that of a province,<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Jakarta|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica Online|url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9106450/Jakarta#13148.toc|access-date=17 September 2007|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.|archive-date=11 November 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061111193732/http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9106450/Jakarta#13148.toc|url-status=live}}</ref> while in 2000 the western parts of the province were in turn split away to form a separate [[Banten]] province.

Even following these split-offs, West Java is by far the most populous province of Indonesia with a population of 48,274,162 as of the 2020 Census,<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2021">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.</ref> which grew to 50,345,189 at mid 2024 according to the official estimates;<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2025">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Provinsi Jawa Barat Dalam Angka 2025'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.32)</ref> the population continues to grew and surpassed the 50 millions milestone during late 2023. The province's largest cities, [[Bekasi]] (a [[satellite city]] within the [[Jakarta metropolitan area]]), [[Bandung]] and [[Depok]] (the latter also within the Jakarta metropolitan area), are the third, fourth and sixth [[List of Indonesian cities by population|most populous cities in Indonesia]] respectively. Bandung is also one of the [[List of cities proper by population density|most densely populated cities proper in the world]].<ref name="depkes.go.id">{{cite web|access-date=20 February 2014|url=http://www.depkes.go.id/downloads/Penduduk%20Kab%20Kota%20Umur%20Tunggal%202014.pdf|title=Estimasi Penduduk Menurut Umur Tunggal Dan Jenis Kelamin 2014 Kementerian Kesehatan|archive-date=8 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140208021950/http://depkes.go.id/downloads/Penduduk%20Kab%20Kota%20Umur%20Tunggal%202014.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== History ==
[[File:Portrait of Siliwangi.jpg|thumb|left|170px|[[Sri Baduga Maharaja]] is a King who was very influential during the [[Sunda Kingdom]].]]

The oldest human inhabitant archaeological findings in the region were unearthed in [[Anyer]] on the western coast of Java with evidence of bronze and iron metallurgical culture dating to the first millennium AD.<ref name="Zahorka-2007">{{cite book|last=Zahorka|first=Herwig|publisher=Yayasan cipta Loka Caraka|title=The Sunda Kingdoms of West Java, From Tarumanagara to Pakuan Pajajaran with Royal Center of Bogor, Over 1000 Years of Propsperity and Glory|year=2007}}</ref> The prehistoric [[Buni culture]], near present-day [[Bekasi]], developed clay pottery with evidence found in Anyer to [[Cirebon]]. Artefacts dated 400&nbsp;BC — AD 100, such as food and drink containers, were found mostly as burial gifts.<ref name="Zahorka-2007" /> There is archaeological evidence in [[Batujaya Archaeological Site]] dating from the 2nd century{{Citation needed|date=September 2010}} and, according to Dr Tony Djubiantono, the head of Bandung Archaeology Agency, Jiwa Temple in [[Batujaya]], [[Karawang]], was also built around this time.{{citation needed|date=September 2010}}

One of the earliest known{{clarify|date=July 2012}} recorded histories in Indonesia is from the former [[Tarumanagara]] kingdom, where seven, fourth-century stones are inscribed in Wengi letters (used in the [[Pallava]] period) and in [[Sanskrit language|Sanskrit]] describing the kings of the kingdom of Tarumanagara.<ref name="Zahorka-2007" /> Records of Tarumanegara lasted until the sixth century, which coincides with the attack of [[Srivijaya]], as stated in the [[Kota Kapur inscription]] (AD 686).

The [[Sunda Kingdom]] subsequently became the ruling power of the region, as recorded on the Kebon Kopi II inscription (AD 932).<ref name="Zahorka-2007" />

An Ulama, [[Sunan Gunung Jati]], settled in [[Cirebon]], intending to spread Islam in the town. Meanwhile, the [[Sultanate of Demak]] in Central Java grew to become a threat to the Sunda kingdom. To defend against the threat, Prabu Surawisesa Jayaperkosa signed the [[Luso-Sundanese Treaty]] with the [[Portuguese Empire|Portuguese]] in 1512. In return, the Portuguese were granted access to build fortresses and warehouses in the area, as well as forming trading agreements with the kingdom. This first international treaty of Sunda Kingdom with the Europeans was commemorated by the placement of the Padrao stone monument at the bank of the [[Ciliwung River]] in 1522.

Although the treaty with the Portuguese had been established, it could not come to realisation. [[Sunda Kalapa]] harbour fell under the alliance of the Sultanates of Demak and [[Sultanate of Cirebon|Cirebon]] (former [[vassal state]] of Sunda kingdom) in 1524 after forces under Paletehan alias Fadillah Khan had conquered the city. In 1524–1525, troops under [[Sunan Gunung Jati]] also seized the port of [[Banten (town)|Banten]] and established the [[Sultanate of Banten]] which was affiliated to the Demak Sultanate. The war between the Sunda kingdom and the Demak and Cirebon sultanates continued for five years until a peace treaty was made in 1531 between King Surawisesa and [[Sunan Gunungjati|Sunan Gunung Jati]]. From 1567 to 1579, under the last king Raja Mulya, alias Prabu Surya Kencana, the Sunda kingdom declined, under pressure from Sultanate of Banten. After 1576, the kingdom could not maintain control over its capital at [[Pakuan Pajajaran]] (present-day [[Bogor]]), and gradually the Sultanate of Banten took over the former Sunda kingdom's territory. The [[Mataram Sultanate]] from Central Java also seized the [[Priangan]] region, the southeastern part of the kingdom.

[[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM De weg van Buitenzorg naar de Preanger Regentschappen TMnr 3728-429c.jpg|thumb|[[Parahyangan]] highland near Buitenzorg ([[Bogor]] City), c. 1865–1872]]
In the 16th century, [[Dutch East India Company|Dutch]] and [[East India Company|British]] trading companies established trading ships in western Java after the fall of the Sultanate of Banten. For the next three hundred years, western Java fell under the [[Dutch East Indies]]' administration. West Java was officially declared as a province of Indonesia in 1950, referring to a statement from Staatblad number 378. On 17 October 2000, as part of nationwide political decentralization, [[Banten]] was separated from West Java and made into a new province. There have been recent proposals to rename the province '''[[Pasundan]]''' ("Land of the [[Sundanese people|Sundanese]]") after the historical name for West Java.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nasrullah |first=Annas |date=2009-10-29 |title=Tokoh Jabar Siapkan Deklarasi Provinsi Pasundan : Okezone News |url=https://news.okezone.com/read/2009/10/28/340/270205/tokoh-jabar-siapkan-deklarasi-provinsi-pasundan |access-date=2023-02-19 |website=okezone |language=id-ID |archive-date=3 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303184342/http://news.okezone.com/read/2009/10/28/340/270205/tokoh-jabar-siapkan-deklarasi-provinsi-pasundan |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Government and administrative division==
[[File:Gedung Sate Oktober 2024 - Rahmatdenas.jpg|thumb|[[Gedung Sate]] is the Governor's office of West Java]]
[[File:West Java Province.png|thumb|2nd-level Administrative map of West Java Province]]
Since the creation of West Java Province,<ref name=govwj /> the province of West Java was subdivided into four [[Cities of Indonesia|cities]] ({{lang|id|Kota}}) and sixteen [[Regencies of Indonesia|regencies]] ({{lang|id|Kabupaten}}), excluding the four regencies which were separated off in 2000 to form the new Banten Province. Subsequently five new independent cities were created between 1996 and 2002 by separation from their surrounding regencies - '''Bekasi''' on 16 December 1996, '''Depok''' on 27 April 1999, '''Cimahi''' and '''Tasikmalaya''' on 21 June 2001, and '''Banjar''' on 11 December 2002. A 17th regency was formed on 2 January 2007 – [[West Bandung Regency]] – from the western half of Bandung Regency, and an 18th regency was formed in October 2012 – [[Pangandaran Regency]] – from the southern half of Ciamis Regency. On 25 October 2013, the [[People's Representative Council]] (DPR) began reviewing draft laws on the establishment of 57 prospective new regencies (and eight new provinces),<ref>''Jakarta Post'', 14 November 2013</ref> including a further three regencies in West Java – South Garut (Garut Selatan), North Sukabumi (Sukabumi Utara) and West Bogor (Bogor Barat) – but no action has followed in view of the moratorium adopted since 2013 by the Indonesian government on the creation of new provinces, regencies and cities, so none of these three prospective regencies are shown separately on the map below, nor in the following table. 

These 9 cities and 18 regencies are listed below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 Census <ref name="Biro Pusat Statistik 2011">Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.</ref> and 2020 Census, <ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2021">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.</ref> together with official estimates as at mid 2024.<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2025">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Provinsi Jawa Barat Dalam Angka 2025'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.32)</ref> They are divided into 627 [[Districts of West Java|districts]] ({{lang|id|Kecamatan}}) as at 2024, which comprise 663 urban [[Administrative village|villages]] ({{lang|id|Kelurahan}}) and 5,294 rural villages ({{lang|id|Desa}}).<ref name="govwj">{{cite book|title=Governance of West Java|year=2008|publisher=West Java Government|page=17}}</ref> The table also includes the average population density as at mid 2024 for each regency or city.<ref>Proyeksi Penduduk Kabupaten/Kpta Provinsi Jawa Barat 2020-2035 | Hasil Sunsus Penduduk 2020.</ref>).
{| class="toccolours" Style="font-size:80%; margin: 20px;"
|+ '''Cities and Regencies of West Java'''
| style="padding-right:1em;" | <ol>
Cities
<li>[[Bekasi]]</li>
<li>[[Depok]]</li>
<li>[[Bogor]]</li>
<li>[[Sukabumi]]</li>
<li>[[Cimahi]]</li>
<li>[[Bandung]]</li>
<li>[[Tasikmalaya]]</li>
<li>[[Banjar, West Java|Banjar]]</li>
<li>[[Cirebon]]</li>
</ol>
| style="background:white; padding:0;" class="toccolours"|[[File:Map of West Java with cities and regencies names.png|450px|Map of West Java with its cities and regencies names]]
| <ol start="1">
Regencies
*[[Bekasi Regency]]
*[[Bogor Regency]]
*[[Sukabumi Regency]]
*[[Cianjur Regency]]
*[[West Bandung Regency]]
*[[Bandung Regency]]
*[[Garut Regency]]
*[[Tasikmalaya Regency]]
*[[Pangandaran Regency]]
*[[Ciamis Regency]]
*[[Kuningan Regency]]
*[[Cirebon Regency]]
*[[Majalengka Regency]]
*[[Sumedang Regency]]
*[[Indramayu Regency]]
*[[Subang Regency]]
*[[Purwakarta Regency]]
*[[Karawang Regency]]
</ol>
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-bottom: 0;"
|-
! Logo !! Region<br>Code !!Name of <br>Regency<br>or City!! [[Regency seat|Seat]] !! Area <br /> in<br />km<sup>2</sup> !! Pop'n <br /> 2010<br />Census !! Pop'n <br /> 2020<br />Census!! Pop'n <br /> mid 2024<br />Estimate !! Pop'n <br > Density  <br > mid 2024 <br /> (per km<sup>2</sup>)
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Coat of arms of Bekasi.png|40px]] || 32.75 || colspan="2" | [[Bekasi]] City ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 213.04}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2334871}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2543676}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2644058}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 12411}} 
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Logo Kabupaten Bekasi.jpg|40px]] || 32.16 || [[Bekasi Regency]] || [[Central Cikarang]] ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1251.02}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2630401}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 3113017}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 3273868}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2617}} 
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Depok_City.svg|35px]] || 32.76 || colspan="2" | [[Depok]] City ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 199.91}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1738570}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2056335}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2163635}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 10823}} 
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Emblem of Bogor.svg|35px]] || 32.71 || colspan="2" | [[Bogor]] City||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 111.37}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 950334}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1043070}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1078351}}||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 9683}} 
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Lambang Kabupaten Bogor.svg|35px]] || 32.01 || [[Bogor Regency]] || [[Cibinong]] ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2991.78}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 4771932}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 5427068}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 5682303}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1899}} 
|-
| colspan="4" |'''''Bodebek region/Jakarta sub-regional totals'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 4767.12}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 12426108}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 14183166}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 14842215}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 3113}}'''''
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Lambang Kota Sukabumi Vektor.svg|40px]] || 32.72 || colspan="2" | [[Sukabumi]] City ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 48.31}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 298681}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 346325}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 365740}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 7571}} 
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Lambang Kab Sukabumi.svg|35px]] || 32.02 || [[Sukabumi Regency]] || [[Palabuhanratu]] ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 4164.15}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2341409}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2725450}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2828020}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 679}} 
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Lambang Kabupaten Cianjur.svg|40px]] || 32.03 || [[Cianjur Regency]] || [[Cianjur]] ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 3631.92}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2171281}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2477560}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2584990}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 712}} 
|-
| colspan="4" |'''''West Parahyangan region totals'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 7844.38}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 4811371}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 5549335}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 5778750}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 737}}'''''
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Kab Bandung Barat.svg|40px]] || 32.17 || [[West Bandung Regency]]<br />(Bandung Barat)||[[Ngamprah]] ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1283.44}} || align="right" |{{formatnum: 1510284}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1788336}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1884190}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1468}} 
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Kota Cimahi.svg|40px]] || 32.77 || colspan="2" | [[Cimahi]] City ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 42.43}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 541177}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 568400}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 598700}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 14110}} 
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Lambang Kota Bandung.svg|40px]] || 32.73 || colspan="2" | [[Bandung]] City ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 166.59}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2394873}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2444160}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2528160}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 15176}} 
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Lambang Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia.svg|40px]] || 32.04 || [[Bandung Regency]] || [[Soreang]] ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1740.84}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 3178543}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 3623790}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 3753120}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2156}} 
|-
| align="center" | [[File:Coat of arms of Sumedang Regency.svg|pus|40px]] || 32.11 || [[Sumedang Regency]] ||[[North Sumedang]]|| align="right" |{{formatnum: 1566.20}} || align="right" |  {{formatnum: 1093602}} || align="right" |  {{formatnum: 1152507}} || align="right" |  {{formatnum: 1187130}} || align="right" |  {{formatnum: 758}} 
|-
| colspan="4" |'''''Central Parahyangan region/Bandung sub-regional totals'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 4799.50}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 8718479}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 9577193}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 9951300}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 2073}}'''''
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Lambang Kabupaten Garut.svg|40px]] || 32.05 || [[Garut Regency]] || [[Garut]] ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 3101.24}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2404121}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2585607}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2716950}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 876}} 
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Seal of the City of Tasikmalaya.svg|35px]] || 32.78 || colspan="2" | [[Tasikmalaya]] City ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 183.94}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 635464}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 716155}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 750730}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 4081}} 
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Seal of Tasikmalaya Regency.svg|35px]] || 32.06 || [[Tasikmalaya Regency]] || [[Singaparna]] ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2705.86}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1675675}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1865203}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1920920}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 710}} 
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Logo Kabupaten Pangandaran.svg|35px]] || 32.18 || [[Pangandaran Regency]] || [[Parigi, West Java|Parigi]] ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1128.18}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 383848}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 423667}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 434100}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 385}} 
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Seal of the City of Banjar.svg|35px]] || 32.79 || colspan="2" | [[Banjar, West Java|Banjar City]] ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 131.01}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 175157}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 200973}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 209790}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1601}} 
|-
|align="center"| [[File:LAMBANG KABUPATEN CIAMIS.svg|35px]] || 32.07 || [[Ciamis Regency]] || [[Ciamis]] ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1595.94}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1148656}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1229069}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1259230}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 789}} 
|-
| colspan="4" |'''''East Parahyangan region totals'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 8846.17}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 6422921}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 7020674}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 7291720}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 824}}'''''
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Seal of Kuningan Regency.svg|40px]] || 32.08 || [[Kuningan Regency]] || [[Kuningan]] ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1192.90}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1035589}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1167686}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1213927}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1018}} 
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Seal of the City of Cirebon.svg|40px]] || 32.74 || colspan="2" | [[Cirebon]] City ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 39.44}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 296389}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 333303}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 344851}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 8744}} 
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Coat of arms of Cirebon Regency.svg|40px]] || 32.09 || [[Cirebon Regency]] || [[Sumber, Cirebon|Sumber]] ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1071.95}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2067196}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2270621}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2387961}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2228}} 
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Lambang Kabupaten Majalengka.svg|35px]] || 32.10 || [[Majalengka Regency]] || [[Majalengka]] ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1330.17}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1166473}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1305476}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1352541}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1017}} 
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Seal of Indramayu Regency.svg|pus|40px]] || 32.12 || [[Indramayu Regency]] || [[Indramayu]] ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2076.06}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1663737}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1834434}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1914037}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 922}} 
|-
| colspan="4" |'''''Rebana region/Cirebon sub-regional totals'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 5710.52}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 6229384}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 6911520}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 7213317}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 1263}}'''''
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Seal of Subang Regency.svg|pus|40px]] || 32.13 || [[Subang Regency]] || [[Subang, Indonesia|Subang]] ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2165.55}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1465157}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1595320}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1663160}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 768}} 
|-
|align="center"| [[File:Seal of Purwakarta Regency.svg|pus|35px]] || 32.14 || [[Purwakarta Regency]] || [[Purwakarta]] ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 993.09}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 852521}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 997869}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1050340}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1058}} 
|-
|align="center"| [[File:LAMBANG KABUPATEN KARAWANG.svg|pus|35px]] || 32.15 || [[Karawang Regency]] ||[[West Karawang]]|| align="right" |{{formatnum: 1913.71}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2127791}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2439085}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 2554380}} ||align="right"|  {{formatnum: 1335}} 
|-
| colspan="4" |'''''Purwasuka region totals'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 5072.35}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 4445469}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 5032274}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 5267889}}'''''
|align="right"|  '''''{{formatnum: 1033}}'''''
|- class="sortbottom"
| colspan="4" | '''''Totals for all regions'''''|| align="right" |  '''''{{formatnum: 37040.04}}''''' || align="right" |  '''''{{formatnum: 43053732}}''''' || align="right" |  '''''{{formatnum: 48274162}}''''' || align="right" |  '''''{{formatnum: 50345189}}''''' || align="right" |  '''''{{formatnum: 1359}}''''' 
|}

Much of the population growth has been in the northwest corner of the province, in those areas bordering Jakarta and forming part of the [[Jakarta metropolitan area]]. These comprise Bekasi and Bogor Regencies, together with the separate cities of Bekasi, Bogor and Depok, and area collectively described as the '''Bodebek''' region (an acronym of '''BO'''gor'''DE'''pok'''BEK'''asi); in total they cover an area of 4,767.12 km<sup>2</sup> and had a population estimated at 14,842,220 in mid 2024; and officially projected to be 14,924,650 in mid 2025 (and 15.0 millions in mid 2026).<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2025">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Provinsi Jawa Barat Dalam Angka 2025'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.32)</ref>

The province comprises eleven of Indonesia's 84 national electoral districts to elect members to the [[Indonesian Parliament|People's Representative Council]].<ref>Law No. 7/2017 (''UU No. 7 Tahun 2017'') as amended by Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 1/2022 and Regulation of General Elections Commission No. 6/2023.</ref> The province's 91 elected members are comprised as follows:
* The '''West Java I Electoral District''' consists of the cities of Bandung and Cimahi, and elects 7 members to the People's Representative Council.  
* The '''West Java II Electoral District''' consists of the regencies of Bandung and West Bandung, and elects 10 members to the People's Representative Council. 
* The '''West Java III Electoral District''' consists of the regency of Cianjur, together with the city of Bogor (these two areas are non adjacent), and elects 9 members to the People's Representative Council.
* The '''West Java IV Electoral District''' consists of the regency of Sukabumi and city of Sukabumi, and elects 6 members to the People's Representative Council. 
* The '''West Java V Electoral District''' consists solely of the regency of Bogor, and elects 9 members to the People's Representative Council. 
* The '''West Java VI Electoral District''' consists of the cities of Bekasi and Depok, and elects 6 members to the People's Representative Council. 
* The '''West Java VII Electoral District''' consists of the regencies of Bekasi, Karawang and Purwakarta, and elects 10 members to the People's Representative Council. 
* The '''West Java VIII Electoral District''' consists of the regencies of Cirebon and Indramayu, together with the city of Cirebon, and elects 9 members to the People's Representative Council. 
* The '''West Java IX Electoral District''' consists of the regencies of Subang, Sumedang and Majalenka, and elects 8 members to the People's Representative Council. 
* The '''West Java X Electoral District''' consists of the regencies of Ciamis, Kuningan and Pangandaran, together with the city of Banjar, and elects 7 members to the People's Representative Council. 
* The '''West Java XI Electoral District''' consists of the regencies of Garut and Tasikmalaya, together with the city of Tasikmalaya, and elects 10 members to the People's Representative Council.

=== Human Development Index ===
[[File:West Java cities regencies HDI 2024.svg|thumb|right|upright=2|Cities and regencies of West Java by [[Human Development Index]] in 2024
{{div col|colwidth=10em}}{{Legend|#800000|0.801 above}}{{Legend|#BE003F|0.751 to 0.800}}{{Legend|#FF00AA|0.701 to 0.750}}{{Legend|#FF40FF|0.651 to 0.700}}{{div col end}}]]
Cities and Regencies in West Java range high to medium [[List of countries by Human Development Index|Human Development Index]] (HDI).
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! #&nbsp;
! &nbsp;City / Regency
! align=center | HDI (2024 data)<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 15, 2024 |title=[Metode Baru] Indeks Pembangunan Manusia - Tabel Statistik - Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia |url=https://www.bps.go.id/id/statistics-table/2/NDEzIzI=/-metode-baru--indeks-pembangunan-manusia.html |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2024-11-16 |website=bps.go.id}}</ref>
|-
! colspan="3" style="color:#007B00;" |Very high human development
|-
| 1 ||[[Bekasi]] City || 0.835 
|-
| 2 || [[Bandung]] City || 0.835 
|-
| 3 ||[[Depok]] City || 0.829 
|-
| 4 ||[[Cimahi]] City || 0.800 
|-
! colspan="3" style="color:#090;" | High human development
|-
| 5 ||[[Bogor]] City || 0.785 
|-
| 6 ||[[Cirebon]] City || 0.770 
|-
| 7 ||[[Sukabumi]] City || 0.768 
|-
| 8 ||[[Bekasi Regency]]|| 0.764 
|-
| 9 ||[[Tasikmalaya]] City || 0.750 
|-
| - ||{{flagicon|West Java}} '''West Java'''|| 0.744 
|-
| - ||{{flagicon|Indonesia}} '''Indonesia'''|| 0.742 
|-
| 10 ||[[Bandung Regency]]|| 0.742 
|-
| 11 ||[[Sumedang Regency]]|| 0.737 
|-
| 12 ||[[Banjar, West Java|Banjar]] City || 0.736 
|-
| 13 ||[[Karawang Regency]]|| 0.729
|-
| 14 ||[[Purwakarta Regency]]|| 0.726 
|-
| 15 ||[[Ciamis Regency]]|| 0.725 
|-
| 16 ||[[Bogor Regency]]|| 0.723 
|-
| 17 ||[[Cirebon Regency]]|| 0.714 
|-
| 18 ||[[Subang Regency]]|| 0.713 
|-
| 19 ||[[Kuningan Regency]]|| 0.712 
|-
| 20 ||[[West Bandung Regency]]|| 0.700 
|-
! colspan="3" style="color:#fc0;" | Medium human development
|-
| 21 ||[[Pangandaran Regency]]|| 0.698 
|-
| 22 ||[[Indramayu Regency]]|| 0.698 
|-
| 23 ||[[Majalengka Regency]]|| 0.697 
|-
| 24 ||[[Sukabumi Regency]]|| 0.689 
|-
| 25 ||[[Garut Regency]]|| 0.687 
|-
| 26 ||[[Tasikmalaya Regency]]|| 0.683 
|-
| 27 ||[[Cianjur Regency]]|| 0.672 
|}

== Geography ==
[[File:Tangkuban Parahu.jpg|thumb|View of the mount and the [[Volcanic crater|crater]] of [[Tangkuban Parahu]] in [[Lembang]]. Tangkuban Parahu is the centre point of [[Sundanese people|Sundanese]] culture according to the local legend of [[Sangkuriang]]]]

West Java borders Jakarta and [[Banten]] province to the west and [[Central Java]] to the east. To the north is the [[Java Sea]]. To the south is the [[Indian Ocean]]. Unlike most other provinces in Indonesia which have their capitals in coastal areas, the provincial capital, Bandung, is located in the mountainous area in the centre of the province. [[Banten]] Province was formerly part of West Java but was created a separate province in 2000. West Java, in the densely populated western third of Java and covering a land area of 37,040.04 km<sup>2</sup> (larger than [[Guinea-Bissau]]), is home to almost one out of every five Indonesians.

[[File:Cukang Taneuh (Green Canyon Indonesia) 01.jpg|thumb|View of the canyon of [[Cukang Taneuh]] is the famous canyon in West Java]]
West Java and Banten provinces, as a part of the [[Pacific Ring of Fire]], have more mountains and volcanoes than any of the other provinces in Indonesia. The vast volcanic mountainous region of inland West Java is traditionally known as [[Parahyangan]] (also known as [[Priangan]] or [[Preanger]]) which means "The abode of [[hyang]]s (gods)". It is considered as the heartland of the Sundanese people. The highest point of West Java is the [[stratovolcano]] [[Mount Cereme]] (3,078 metres) bordering [[Kuningan]] and [[Majalengka]] Regencies. West Java has rich and fertile volcanic soil. Agriculture, mostly traditional dry rice cultivation (known as ''ladang'' or ''huma''), has become the primary way of life of traditional Sundanese people. Since the era of the [[Dutch East India Company]] (VOC), West Java has been known as a productive plantation area for coffee, tea, quinine, and many other cash crops. The mountainous region of West Java is also a major producer of vegetables and decorative flowering plants. The landscape of the province is one of volcanic mountains, rugged terrain, forest, mountains, rivers, fertile agricultural land, and natural sea harbours.<ref>Taylor (2003), p. 123.</ref>

Flowing through the [[Bandung Basin]] to the northeast is the [[Citarum River|Tarum River]] (or ''Ci-tarum''), the longest and most important river in the province. This 300-km long river is the site of three dams, namely [[Cirata Dam]], [[Saguling Dam]], and [[Jatiluhur Dam]].

== Economy ==
{{Pie chart
| caption=West Java GDP share by sector (2022)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jabar.bps.go.id/publication/2023/02/28/57231a828abbfdd50a21fe31/provinsi-jawa-barat-dalam-angka-2023.html|title=Provinsi Jawa Barat Dalam Angka 2023|publisher=Statistics Indonesia|access-date=22 September 2023}}</ref>
| label1 = Agriculture
| value1 = 8.57
| color1 = Green
| label2 = Manufacturing
| value2 = 42.24
| color2 = DodgerBlue
| label3 = Other Industrial
| value3 = 10.10
| color3 = Yellow
| label4 = Service
| value4 = 39.09
| color4 = #800080
}}
Initially, the economy of the [[Sundanese people]] in West Java relied heavily on [[rice]] cultivation. Ancient kingdoms established in the province such as the [[Tarumanagara]] and [[Sunda Kingdom]] are known to have relied on rice taxes and agriculture revenues. The cycle of life of the ancient Sundanese people revolved around the rice crop cycle. Traditional rice harvest festivals such as the [[Seren Taun]] were important. The ancient goddess of rice, [[Dewi Sri|Nyai Pohaci Sanghyang Asri]], is revered in Sundanese culture. Traditionally, Sundanese people often used dry rice cultivation (''ladang''). After the [[Mataram Sultanate|Mataram]] expanded to the Priangan area in the early 17th century following the [[Sultan Agung]] campaign against Dutch Batavia, ''sawah'' (wet rice cultivation) began to be adopted in the northern lowlands of West Java. Regencies such as [[Indramayu]], [[Cirebon]], [[Subang Regency|Subang]], [[Karawang]] and [[Bekasi]] are now well known as vital rice-producing areas. The mountainous region of West Java supplies vegetables, flower and much horticultural produce to Jakarta and Bandung, while animal farms in West Java produce dairy products and meats.

=== Colonial period ===
[[File:Naruhito and Masako visit Bogor Palace 55.jpg|thumb|[[Bogor Palace]] seen from the [[Bogor Botanical Garden]]]]
During the entire Dutch colonial era, West Java fell under Dutch administration centered in [[Jakarta|Batavia]]. The Dutch colonial government introduced [[cash crops]] such as [[tea]], [[coffee]], and [[quinine]]. Since the 18th century, West Java (known as "De Preanger") was known as a productive plantation area and became integrated with global trade and economy. Services such as transportation and banking were provided to cater for wealthy Dutch plantation owners. West Java is known as one of the earliest developed regions in the Indonesian archipelago. In the early 20th century, the Dutch colonial government developed infrastructures for economic purposes, especially to support Dutch plantations in the region. Roads and railways were constructed to connect inland plantations area with urban centres such as Bandung and the port of Batavia.{{cn|date=December 2022}}

=== Post independence ===
After Indonesian independence in 1945, West Java became a supporting region for [[Jakarta]], the capital of Indonesia. Jakarta remained as the business and political centre of Indonesia. Several regencies and cities in West Java such as [[Bogor]], [[Bekasi]] and [[Depok]] were developed as supporting areas for Jakarta and came to form the [[Greater Jakarta]] area or ''Jabodetabek'' ('''Ja'''karta, '''Bo'''gor, '''De'''pok, '''Ta'''ngerang and '''Bek'''asi). The northern area of West Java has become a major industrial area, with areas such as Bekasi, [[Cikarang]] and [[Karawang]] sprawling with factories and industries. The area in and around [[Bandung]] has also developed as an industrial area.{{cn|date=December 2022}}

=== Natural resources ===
[[File:Tea_garden_at_Puncak_Bogor.jpg|thumb|[[Tea garden|Tea plantations]] at [[Puncak]]. Tea plantations are a common sight across mountainous West Java]]
Based on the data from Indonesia State Secretary, the total area of rice fields in West Java Province in 2006 was 9,488,623&nbsp;km which produced 9,418,882&nbsp;tons of paddy in 2006, consisting of 9,103,800&nbsp;tons rice field paddy and 315,082&nbsp;tons farmland paddy. Palawija (non-rice food) production, reached 2,044,674&nbsp;tons with productivity 179.28 quintal per ha. Nevertheless, the widest plant's width is for corn commodity which reaches 148,505&nbsp;ha. West Java also produces horticulture consists of 2,938,624&nbsp;tons vegetables, 3,193,744&nbsp;tons fruits, and 159,871&nbsp;tons medicines plants/ bio pharmacology.

Forest in West Java covers 764,387.59 ha or 20.62% from the total size of the province. It consists of productive forest 362,980.40 ha (9.79%), protected forest 228,727.11 ha (6.17%), and conservation forest 172,680&nbsp;ha (4.63%). Mangrove forest reaches 40,129.89 ha, and spread in 10 regencies where coasts are available. Besides, there is also another protected forest of about 32,313.59 ha organized by Perum Perhutani Unit III West Java and Banten.

From the productive forest, in 2006 West Java harvested crop of about 200,675&nbsp;m³ wood, although the need for wood in this province every year is about 4&nbsp;million&nbsp;m³. Until 2006, populace forest's width 214,892&nbsp;ha with wood production is about 893,851.75&nbsp;m³. West Java also produces non-forest's crop which is potential enough to be developed as forestry work, such as silk, mushroom, pine, dammar, maleleuca, rattan, bamboo, and swallow bird's nest.

In the fishery sector, commodities include goldfish, nila fish, milkfish, freshwater catfish, windu shrimp, green mussel, gouramy, patin, seaweed and vaname shrimp. In 2006, this province harvested 560,000&nbsp;tons of fish from fishery cultivation crop and brackish or 63.63% from fishery production total in West Java.

[[File:DSC00029 Java Little Sundanais Traditional Village Kampung Naga (6219569245).jpg|thumb|[[Rice terrace]] in [[Kampung Naga]]. Rice terraces are grow very well on the island of Java, especially in West Java.]]
In the poultry field, dairy cow, domestic poultry, and ducks are common commodities in West Java. 2006 data stated that there are 96,796 dairy cows (25% of the national population), 4,249,670 sheep, 28,652,493 domestic poultries, and 5,596,882 ducks (16% of the national population). Now there are only 245,994 beef cattle in West Java (3% national population), whereas the need every year is about 300,000 beef cattle.

This province has many plantation crops, such as tea, cloves, coconut, rubber, cacao, tobacco, coffee, sugar, palm and akar wangi ([[Chrysopogon zizanioides]]). From all those commodities, cloves, coconut, rubber, cocoa, tobacco, and coffee are common in West Java.{{citation needed|date=July 2018}} From area side, the best productivity, that is plan area's width equals with the plant's width that produces tobacco and sugar palm commodities. From the production side, the highest productivity is oil palm (6.5&nbsp;tons per ha) and sugar palm (5.5&nbsp;tons per ha).

West Java also has several mining operations. In 2006, it contributed 5,284&nbsp;tons zeolite, 47,978&nbsp;tons bentonite, iron sand, pozzolan cement, feldspar, and jewel barn/ gemstone. Precious stone mining potential generally is found in Garut, Tasikmalaya, Kuningan, and Sukabumi Regency areas.

As consequences of having many volcanoes, West Java has the potential of [[geothermal energy]]. There are eleven points of geothermal energy, and three, i.e. [[Papandayan]], [[Mount Cereme|Ceremai]], and [[Gede Pangrango]] have conducted pre-exploration.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.antaranews.com/en/news/69958/w-java-to-explore-eleven-geothermal-spots |title=W Java to explore eleven geothermal spots – ANTARA News<!-- Bot generated title --> |date=5 April 2011 |access-date=15 December 2013 |archive-date=17 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817103302/http://www.antaranews.com/en/news/69958/w-java-to-explore-eleven-geothermal-spots |url-status=live }}</ref>

Raw natural resources include [[chalk]], several offshore oilfields in the [[Java Sea]], and lumber. Most of the province is very fertile, with a mix of small farms and larger plantations. There are several [[hydropower]] dams, including [[Jatiluhur Dam|Jatiluhur]], [[Saguling Dam|Saguling]], [[Cirata Dam|Cirata]], and [[Jatigede Dam|Jatigede]].

=== Tourism ===
[[File:Kawah putih berwarna biru.jpg|thumb| [[Kawah Putih]] in [[Bandung Regency|Southern Bandung]] is a [[Volcanic crater lake]]]]
Tourism is an important industry in West Java, and the [[Bandung]] and [[Puncak]] areas have long been known as popular weekend destinations for Jakartans. Today, Bandung has developed into a historical tourist destination, with the [[Merdeka Building]] and [[Braga Street]] shopping area popular not only among locals, but also with visitors from Malaysia and Singapore.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2014/10/06/airasia-s-tony-fernandes-keen-world-see-indonesia.html|title=AirAsia's Tony Fernandes keen for world to see Indonesia|website=The Jakarta Post|language=en|access-date=2019-05-28|archive-date=28 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190528052015/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2014/10/06/airasia-s-tony-fernandes-keen-world-see-indonesia.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The history-rich coastal city of [[Cirebon]] is also a cultural tourism destination since the city has several [[Kraton (Indonesia)|kratons]] and historical sites such as Gua Sunyaragi. Other tourist destinations include the [[Bogor Botanical Garden]], [[Taman Safari]], [[Tangkuban Perahu]] crater, [[Pelabuhanratu Bay]], Ciater hot springs, [[Kawah Putih]] crater to the south of Bandung, [[Pangandaran]] beach, and various mountain resorts in Cianjur, Garut, Tasikmalaya, and Kuningan.

== Demographics ==
{{Historical populations
|type=
|footnote= 2000 Census decline was due to the splitting off of [[Banten]] as a separate province. Source: Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2025<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2025">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Provinsi Jawa Barat Dalam Angka 2025'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.32)</ref> and previous reports. Note 1995, 2005 and 2015 totals are Inter-Censal estimates.
|1971 |21623529
|1980 |27453525
|1990 |35384352
|1995 |39206787
|2000 |35729537
|2005 |38965440
|2010 |43053732
|2015 |46668214
|2020 |48274162
|2024 |50345189
}}

The population of West Java was 43,053,732 at the 2010 Census and 48,274,162 at the 2020 Census, making it the most populous province of Indonesia, home to 18% of the national total on 1.8% of the country's land. The mid-2024 official estimate was 50,345,189 (comprising 25,492,197 males and 24,852,992 females).<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2025">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Provinsi Jawa Barat Dalam Angka 2025'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.32)</ref> Aside from the special district of [[Jakarta]], it is the most densely populated province in the country with an average of 1,359 people per km<sup>2</sup> (mid 2024 estimate). The average annual population growth rate recorded in the ten years to 2010 was 1.9%,<ref>As between the 2000 and 2010 national censuses.</ref> but the growth has since slowed and was just 1.1% between 2020 and 2024.

=== Ethnic and linguistic composition ===
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Ethnic groups in West Java<ref name="SUKU"/>
|label1 = [[Sundanese people|Sundanese]]
|value1 = 71.87
|color1 = Green
|label2 = [[Javanese people|Javanese]]
|value2 = 13.29
|color2 = Violet
|label3 = [[Betawi people|Betawi]]
|value3 = 6.2
|color3 = Yellow
|label4 = [[Cirebonese people|Cirebonese]]
|value4 = 4.22
|color4 = Orange
|label5 = [[Batak people|Batak]]
|value5 = 1.09
|color5 = DarkBlue
|label6 = [[Minangkabau people|Minangkabau]]
|value6 = 0.63
|color6 = lightgreen
|label7 = Others
|value7 = 2.7
|color7 = Black
}}

West Java is the native homeland of [[Sundanese people]] which forms the largest ethnic group in West Java. Since Jakarta and the surrounding area, including West Java, is the business and political centre of Indonesia, the province has attracted various people from other parts of Indonesia. The biggest minority is [[Javanese people|Javanese]] who migrated to the province centuries ago. Other [[Native Indonesian]] ethnic groups such as [[Minangkabau people|Minangkabau]], [[Batak (Indonesia)|Batak]], [[Ethnic Malays|Malay]], [[Madurese people|Madurese]], [[Balinese people|Balinese]], [[Ambonese people|Ambonese]], and many other Indonesians who migrated to and settled in West Java cities can also be easily found. The urban areas also have a significant population of [[Chinese Indonesian]]s.

In addition to [[Indonesian language|Indonesian]], the official national language, the other widely spoken language in the province is [[Sundanese language|Sundanese]]. In some areas near the southern borders with [[Central Java]], [[Javanese language|Javanese]] is also spoken, then also the [[Betawi language]] which is dominant in the cities of [[Bekasi]], [[Depok]], and half in the western and northern parts of [[Bekasi Regency]], and the northern part of [[Bogor Regency]]. The main language spoken in [[Cirebon]] and nearby areas ([[Majalengka]], [[Indramayu]], [[Sumber, Cirebon|Sumber]]) is [[Cirebonese]], a dialect of Javanese with Sundanese influence.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Cohen|first=Matthew Isaac|title=The Arts of Cirebon|journal=Seleh Notes|volume=12 #2|page=6|date=March 2005}}</ref>

[[Indonesian language|Indonesian]] is widely spoken as a second language.

===Religion===
{{as of|2022}}, [[Islam]] is the largest religion in West Java, being practiced by 97.34% of the population. Minority religions are [[Christianity]] with 2,39% ([[Protestantism]] 1.78% and [[Roman Catholic]] 0.61%) , [[Buddhism]] 0.2%, [[Hinduism]] 0.035%, [[Confucianism]] 0.025% and [[Folk religion]] 0.01% of the population.<ref name="RELIGION">{{cite web|url=https://satudata.kemenag.go.id/dataset/detail/jumlah-penduduk-menurut-agama|title=Jumlah Penduduk Menurut Agama|publisher=[[Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)|Ministry of Religious Affairs]]|date=31 August 2022|access-date=29 October 2023|language=id}}</ref>

== Cultures ==
{{See also|Sundanese people}}
The Sundanese share the Java island with the Javanese and primarily live in West Java. Although the Sundanese live on the same island as the Javanese, their culture is distinct and likewise consider themselves to live in a separate cultural area called ''Pasundan'' or ''Tatar Sunda''. Someone moving from West Java to Central or East Java is literally said to be moving from Sunda to Java worlds. Bandung is considered as the cultural heartland of [[Sundanese people]], and many indigenous Sundanese artforms were developed in this city. The nearby province of [[Banten]] is similar in this regard and is also considered to be part of ''Pasundan'' as well.

=== Music ===
[[File:Kacapi Suling.jpg|thumb|[[Kacapi]] and [[Suling]] Orchestra]]
The musical arts of Sunda, which is an expression of the emotions of Sundanese culture, express politeness and grace of Sundanese. [[Degung]] orchestra consists of Sundanese [[gamelan]]. In addition to the Sundanese forms of Gamelan in [[Parahyangan]], the region of Cirebon retains its own distinct musical traditions. Amongst Cirebons' varying Gamelan ensembles the two most frequently heard are Gamelan Pelog (a non-equidistant heptatonic tuning system) and Gamelan Prawa (a semi-equidistant pentatonic tuning system). Gamelan Pelog is traditionally reserved for Tayuban, Wayang Cepak, and listening and dance music of the Kratons in Cirebon, while Gamelan Prawa is traditionally reserved for Wayang Purwa.

[[Cirebon]] also retains specialised Gamelan ensembles including Sekaten, which is played in the Kratons to mark important times in the Islamic calendar, Denggung, also a Kraton ensemble, which is believed to have some "supernatural powers", and Renteng, an ensemble found in both Cirebon and Parahyangan known for its loud and energetic playing style.
[[File:SambaSunda Quintett in Cologne (0244).jpg|thumb|[[Tembang Sunda]] performance in Cologne 2010]]
[[Tembang Sunda]] is a genre of Sundanese vocal music accompanied by a core ensemble of two [[Kacapi]] (zither) and a [[Suling]] (bamboo flute). The music and poetry of tembang Sunda are closely associated with the Parahyangan, the highland plateau that transverses the central and southern parts of Sunda. The natural environment of Priangan, an agricultural region surrounded by mountains and volcanoes, is reflected in some songs of the tembang Sunda.<ref>{{cite book|last=Zanten|first=Wim van|publisher=KITLV Press|title=Sundanese Music in the Cianjuran Style|year=1989}}</ref>

[[Kacapi suling]] is tembang Sunda minus vocal. [[Tarawangsa]] is a genuine popular art is performed on ensemble consists of tarawangsa (a violin with an end pin) and the jentreng (a kind of seven-stringed zither). It is accompanied by a secret dance called Jentreng. The dance is a part of a ritual celebrating the goddess of paddy Dewi Sri. Its ceremonial significance is associated with a ritual of thanksgiving associated with the rice harvest. Tarawangsa can also be played for healing or even purely for entertainment.

[[File:Angklung-arumba.jpg|thumb|170px|[[Angklung]] is one of the most famous musical instruments in West Java]]
The three main types of Sundanese bamboo ensembles are [[angklung]], [[calung]], [[karinding]] and arumba. The exact features of each ensemble vary according to context, related instruments, and relative popularity. Angklung is a generic term for sets of tuned, shaken bamboo rattles. Angklung consists of a frame upon which hang several different lengths of hollow bamboo. Angklungs are played like handbells, with each instrument played to a different note. Angklung rattles are played in interlocking patterns, usually with only one or two instruments played per person. The ensemble is used in Sundanese processions, sometimes with trance or acrobatics. 

Performed at life-cycle rituals and feasts (hajat), angklung is believed to maintain balance and harmony in the village. In its most modern incarnation, angklung is performed in schools as an aid to learning music. The Angklung received international attention when Daeng Soetigna, from Bandung, expanded the angklung notations not only to play traditional pélog or sléndro scales but also diatonic scale in 1938. Since then, angklung is often played together with other Western musical instruments in an orchestra. One of the first well-known performances of angklung in an orchestra was during the [[Bandung Conference]] in 1955. Like those in angklung, the instruments of the calung ensemble are of bamboo, but each consists of several differently tuned tubes fixed onto a piece of bamboo; the player holds the instrument in his left hand and strikes it with a beater held in his right. 

The highest-pitched calung has the highest number of tubes and the densest musical activity; the lowest-pitched, with two tubes, has the least. Calung is nearly always associated with earthy humour, and is played by men. Arumba refers to a set of diatonically tuned bamboo xylophones, often played by women. It is frequently joined by modern instruments, including a drum set, electric guitar, bass, and keyboards.

=== Theatre ===
[[File:Dalang.jpg|thumb|right|[[Wayang Golek]], a traditional Sundanese puppetry.]]
''Wayang golek'' is a traditional form of puppetry from Sunda. Unlike the better-known leather shadow puppets (''[[wayang kulit]]'') found in the rest of Java and Bali, ''wayang golek'' puppets are made from wood and are three-dimensional, rather than two. They use a banana palm in which the puppets stand, behind which one puppeteer (''dalang'') is accompanied by his ''gamelan'' orchestra with up to 20 musicians. The ''gamelan'' uses a five-note scale as opposed to the seven-note western scale. The musicians are guided by the drummer, who in turn is guided by signals from the puppet master dalang gives to change the mood or pace required. ''Wayang golek'' are used by the Sundanese to tell the epic play "Mahabarata", and various other morality-type plays. [[Sandiwara|Sandiwara Sunda]] is a type folk theater performed in [[Sundanese language|Sundanese]] and presenting [[Sundanese people|Sundanese]] themes, folklores and stories.

=== Dance ===
[[File:Jaipongan Bunga Tanjung 01.jpg |thumb|right|[[Jaipongan]] dance performance accompanied by Sundanese degung mixed with modern instruments.]]
{{Main|Sundanese dance}}
Sundanese dance shows the influence of the many groups that have traded and settled in the area over the centuries, and includes variations from graceful to dynamic syncopated drumming patterns, quick wrist flicks, sensual hip movements, and fast shoulder and torso isolations.
''[[Jaipongan]]'' is probably the most popular traditional social dance of Sundanese people. It can be performed in solo, groups, or pair. 
The ''Tari Merak'' ([[Peacock dance|Peafowl Dance]]) is a female dance inspired by the movements of a peafowl and its feathers blended with the classical movements of the Sundanese dance.

=== Folktales and legend stories ===
[[File:Kanjeng Ratu Kidul.jpg|thumb|upright|A painting depicting [[Nyai Loro Kidul]]]]
There are stories and folktales transcribed from [[Pantun Sunda]] stories.<ref>{{cite book|last=Noorduyn|first=J.|publisher=KITLV Press|title=Three Old Sundanese poems|year=2006|page=11}}</ref>
Among the most well-known folktale and stories are:

*[[Mundinglaya Dikusumah]], which tells of Mundinglaya visiting Jabaning Langit to find layang Salaka Domas. It is a symbolic story of Surawisesa visiting Malaka to establish a peace treaty with the Portuguese before 1522.
*[[Lutung Kasarung]], tells the life of a beautiful princess, in the era of Pasir Batang kingdom, a vassal of Sunda kingdom. She faces the evil of her older sister willing to seize her right as a queen.<ref>{{cite book|last=Eringa|first=F. S.|publisher=Verhanddelingen va heit KITL, Leiden|title=Loetoeng kasaroeng: een mythologisch verhaal uit West-Jawa|year=1949}}</ref>
*[[Ciung Wanara]], tells of the fight of two princes of Sunda kingdom and the history of Cipamali river (present-day [[Brebes]] river) as a boundary between Sundanese and Javanese territories.
*[[Sangkuriang]], which tells the story of the creation of Mount [[Tangkuban Parahu]] and the ancient lake [[Bandung]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Terada|first=Alice M.|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|title="The Story of Sangkuriang," The Magic Crocodile and Other Folktales from Indonesia|year=1994|pages=60–64}}</ref>
* [[Nyai Loro Kidul]] (also spelt ''Nyi Roro Kidul'') is a legendary female spirit or [[deity]], known as the Queen of the Southern Sea of Java ([[Indian Ocean]] or Samudra Kidul south of [[Java island]]) in [[Sundanese mythology|Sundanese]] as well in [[Javanese mythology|Javanese]] and [[Balinese mythology|Balinese]] mythology.

=== Literature ===
Old Sundanese literature, among others, are:

*[[Bujangga Manik]], which was written on 29 palm leaves and kept in the Bodleian Library in Oxford since 1627, mentioning more than 450 names of places, regions, rivers and mountains situated on Java island, Bali island and Sumatra island.<ref name="Noorduyn 2006">{{cite book|last=Noorduyn|first=J.|publisher=KITLV Press|title=Three Old Sundanese poems|year=2006}}</ref>
*[[Carita Parahyangan]], telling Sundanese kings and kingdoms from the pre-Islamic period.<ref name="Noorduyn 2006" />
*[[Siksakandang Karesian]], providing the reader with all kinds of religious and moralistic rules, prescriptions and lessons.<ref name="Noorduyn 2006" />

==Cuisine==
{{main|Sundanese cuisine}}
[[File:Sundanese Food 02.JPG|thumb|left|A typical modest Sundanese meal consists of steamed rice, fried salted fish, ''[[sayur asem]]'' (vegetable with tamarind based soup), ''[[lalab]] [[sambal]]'' (raw vegetables salad with chili paste) and ''[[karedok]]'' (vegetable salad with peanuts paste).]]
[[Sundanese cuisine]] is one of the most famous traditional food in Indonesia, and it is also easily found in most Indonesian cities. The Sundanese food is characterized by its freshness; the famous ''[[lalab]]'' (raw vegetables salad) eaten with ''[[sambal]]'' (chili paste), and also ''[[karedok]]'' (peanuts paste) demonstrate the Sundanese fondness for fresh raw vegetables. Similar to other ethnic groups in Indonesia, Sundanese people eat [[rice]] for almost every meal. The Sundanese like to say, "If you have not eaten rice, then you have not eaten at all." Rice is prepared in hundreds of different ways. However, it is simple steamed rice that serves as the centrepiece of all meals.

Next to [[steamed rice]], the side dishes of [[vegetables]], [[fish]], or [[meat]] are added to provide a variety of tastes as well as for protein, mineral and nutrient intake. These side dishes are grilled, fried, steamed or boiled and spiced with any combination of garlic, [[galangal]] (a plant of the ginger family), turmeric, coriander, ginger, and lemongrass. The herb-rich food wrapped and cooked inside banana leaf called ''[[pepes]]'' (Sundanese: ''pais'') is popular among Sundanese people. ''Pepes'' are available in many varieties according to their ingredients; carp fish, anchovies, minced meat with eggs, mushroom, tofu or oncom. ''[[Oncom]]'' is a fermented peanut-based ingredient that is prevalent within Sundanese cuisine, just like its counterpart, Tempe, which is popular among Javanese people. Usually, the food itself is not too spicy, but it is served with a boiling sauce made by grinding chilli peppers and garlic together. On the coast, saltwater fish are common; in the mountains, fish tend to be either pond-raised carp or goldfish. A well-known Sundanese dish is ''lalapan'', which consists only of raw vegetables, such as [[papaya]] leaves, [[cucumber]], [[eggplant]], and [[bitter melon]].<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.kasundaan.org/id/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&layout=blog&id=14&Itemid=94|title = Kuliner|access-date = 24 October 2011|author = KAsep|publisher = Kasundaan.org|language = id|url-status = dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110726214553/http://www.kasundaan.org/id/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&layout=blog&id=14&Itemid=94|archive-date = 26 July 2011}}</ref>
== Transportation ==

=== Toll roads ===
[[File:Tol Cipularang - panoramio.jpg|thumb|[[Cipularang Toll Road]]]]
Due to its proximity to [[Jakarta]] and its growing population and industry, West Java has the longest tolled highway road of any provinces. As of April 2015, there are several toll roads in West Java
*[[Jakarta–Cikampek Toll Road]] (73&nbsp;km)
*[[Cileunyi-Sumedang-Dawuan Toll Road]] (60.5&nbsp;km)
*[[Cipularang Toll Road]] (58.5&nbsp;km)
*[[Padaleunyi Toll Road]] (33&nbsp;km)
*[[Jagorawi Toll Road]] (46&nbsp;km)
*[[Palimanan–Kanci Toll Road]] (28.8&nbsp;km)
*[[Bogor Ring Road]] (partially built)
*Cinere–Jagorawi first section (3.7&nbsp;km, as part of [[Jakarta Outer Ring Road 2]])
*[[Kanci–Pejagan Toll Road]] (35&nbsp;km)
*[[Cikopo–Palimanan Toll Road]] (116&nbsp;km)
*[[Soreang–Pasir Koja Toll Road]] (10.6&nbsp;km)
*[[Bogor–Ciawi–Sukabumi Toll Road]] (built: Bogor-Cigombong) (15.3&nbsp;km)
In addition to completed highways there are some highways that are being built, one of them is [[Cisumdawu Toll Road|Cileunyi–Sumedang–Dawuan]] (Cisumdawu) with length 60.1 kilometers.

Several other proposed toll roads are Bandung Intra-Urban Toll Road, Cileunyi–Tasikmalaya, and Jakarta Outer Ring Road 2 (a section of this road has been built).

=== Railways ===
[[File:Padalarang Station Complex (Oct 2023).jpg|thumb|[[Padalarang railway station|Padalarang station]] is a high-speed railway and local train station in West Java]]
Most cities and towns in West Java are served with [[narrow-gauge]] (mainly [[3 ft 6 in gauge railways|1067mm]]) lines and connected to other provinces on Java Island. An example commuter rail in West Java which is [[Greater Bandung Commuter Line|Bandung Commuterline]] and [[KRL Commuterline]] electric suburban trains of [[Greater Jakarta]] covered the cities to [[KA Commuter Line Jakarta Kota–Bogor|Bogor]] and [[KA Commuter Line Jakarta Kota–Cikarang|Cikarang]], also [[Jabodebek LRT]] is a light rapid transit covered into [[Bekasi]], [[Depok]], and [[Bogor]] with [[Bekasi Line]] and [[Cibubur Line]].

A [[High-speed rail in Indonesia|high-speed railway]], connecting Jakarta and Bandung, was opened in October 2023.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1778714/6-fakta-kcjb-whoosh-yang-diresmikan-jokowi-hari-ini | title = 6 Fakta KCJB Whoosh yang Diresmikan Jokowi Hari Ini | date = 2023-10-02 | access-date = 2023-10-29 |first=Daniel A. |last=Fajri|language=id|publisher=Tempo}}</ref> Then [[Jakarta MRT]] Phase 3 with Balaraja to Cikarang, will be under construction in 2024.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kamalina |first=Annasa Rizki |date=23 January 2023 |title=Jepang Alirkan Rp160 Triliun untuk Proyek MRT Cikarang-Balaraja, Konstruksi 2024 |url=https://ekonomi.bisnis.com/read/20230122/9/1620442/jepang-alirkan-rp160-triliun-untuk-proyek-mrt-cikarang-balaraja-konstruksi-2024 |newspaper=Bisnis com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Al Hikam |first=Herdi Alif |date=18 February 2023 |title=Cek! Rincian 48 Wilayah Bakal Dilewati MRT Fase 3 Cikarang-Balaraja |url=https://finance.detik.com/infrastruktur/d-6575266/cek-rincian-48-wilayah-bakal-dilewati-mrt-fase-3-cikarang-balaraja |newspaper=finance.detik.com}}</ref>

=== Air ===

Bandung [[Husein Sastranegara International Airport]] serves direct domestic flights to [[Batam]], [[Pekanbaru]], [[Medan]], [[Bandar Lampung]], [[Surabaya]], [[Yogyakarta]], [[Denpasar]], [[Semarang]], [[Banjarmasin]], [[Makassar]], and also international services to/from [[Kuala Lumpur]] and [[Singapore Changi Airport|Singapore]]. The [[Kertajati International Airport]] in Majalengka Regency is built to replace the Husein Sastranegara Airport and to ease air traffic at [[Soekarno–Hatta International Airport]] in [[Jakarta]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://en.tempo.co/read/news/2017/07/24/056893823/Angkasa-Pura-II-Named-Kertajati-Airport-Operator|title=Angkasa Pura II Named Kertajati Airport Operator|newspaper=Tempo|access-date=2017-07-24|archive-date=30 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181030035233/https://en.tempo.co/read/news/2017/07/24/056893823/Angkasa-Pura-II-Named-Kertajati-Airport-Operator|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://jakartaglobe.id/corporate-news/angkasa-pura-ii-operate-kertajati-west-javas-biggest-airport|title=Angkasa Pura II to Operate Kertajati, West Java's Biggest Airport|newspaper=Jakarta Globe|access-date=2017-07-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170725153232/http://jakartaglobe.id/corporate-news/angkasa-pura-ii-operate-kertajati-west-javas-biggest-airport/|archive-date=2017-07-25|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Praditya|first1=Ilyas Istianur|title=Bandara Kertajati Bakal Kurangi Kepadatan Soekarno-Hatta|url=https://www.liputan6.com/bisnis/read/3094140/bandara-kertajati-bakal-kurangi-kepadatan-soekarno-hatta|access-date=22 May 2018|work=liputan6.com|date=14 September 2017|archive-date=26 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226113852/https://www.liputan6.com/bisnis/read/3094140/bandara-kertajati-bakal-kurangi-kepadatan-soekarno-hatta|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Education ==
{{Multiple image
| align = 
| direction = vertical
| width = 
| caption_align = 
| header_background = 
| image1 =  Rectorate of University of Padjadjaran.jpg 
| caption1 = [[Padjadjaran University]]
| image2 = BogorAgriculturalUniversityEntrance.jpg
| caption2 = [[IPB University|Bogor Agricultural University]] 
| image3 = ITB 1.jpg
| caption3 = [[Bandung Institute of Technology]]
| footer_align = center
| footer = '''Campus Building'''
| total_width = 
| alt1 = 
}}

West Java is one of the most popular destinations for [[higher education in Indonesia]]. It has many well-known universities joined by many students from the entire country. Some of which are:
*[[Bandung Institute of Technology]]
*[[Indonesia University of Education]]
*[[Padjadjaran University]]
*[[Bogor Agricultural University]]
*[[Parahyangan Catholic University]]
*[[UIN Sunan Gunung Djati]]
*[[Gunadarma University]]
*[[Telkom University]]
*[[President University]]

Another important form of education that is available in most cities in West Java is the ''Institut Pemerintahan Dalam Negeri'' (IPDN) located at Sumedang Regency and the Immigration Polytechnic (''Politeknik Imigrasi'') located in Depok.

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

=== Bibliography ===
*{{cite book|last=Taylor|first=Jean Gelman|title=Indonesia|year=2003|publisher=Yale University Press|location=New Haven and London|isbn=0-300-10518-5}}

== External links ==
{{Portal|Indonesia}}
{{Wikivoyage|Western Java}}
{{Commons category|West Java}}
*[http://www.jabarprov.go.id/ Official site] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227110159/https://www.jabarprov.go.id/ |date=27 February 2022 }}
*[http://www.siasati.com/ Official site]

{{Geographic location
|Centre    = West Java
|North     = [[Java Sea]]
|Northeast = [[Java Sea]]
|East      = {{flag|Central Java}}
|Southeast = [[Indian Ocean]]
|South     = [[Indian Ocean]]
|Southwest = [[Indian Ocean]]<br />{{flag|Christmas Island}}
|West      = {{flag|Banten}}
|Northwest = {{flag|Banten}}<br />{{flag|Jakarta}}
}}

{{West Java|state=uncollapsed}}
{{Provinces of Indonesia}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:West Java| ]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 1950]]
[[Category:Sundanese people]]
[[Category:Provinces of Indonesia]]
[[Category:1950 establishments in Indonesia]]