Editing William Beaudine

{{Short description|American film actor and director (1892–1970)}}
{{Use American English|date=September 2021}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2021}}
{{Infobox person
| name               = William Beaudine
| image              = William Beaudine.jpg
| image_size         = 
| caption            = Beaudine in 1920
| birth_name         = William Washington Beaudine
| birth_date         = {{birth date|1892|1|15|mf=y}}
| birth_place        = New York City U.S.
| death_date         = {{death date and age|1970|3|18|1892|1|15|mf=y}}
| death_place        = [[Canoga Park, Los Angeles|Canoga Park]], California, U.S.
| resting_place      = [[Hollywood Forever Cemetery]]
| occupation         = [[Film director]], [[actor]]
| years_active       = 1913–1966
| spouse             = {{marriage|Marguerite Fleischer|1914}}
| awards             = [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]]<br />[[List of actors with Hollywood Walk of Fame motion picture stars|Motion Pictures]]<br>1777 [[Vine Street]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=William Beaudine {{!}} Hollywood Walk of Fame |url=http://www.walkoffame.com/william-beaudine |access-date=November 15, 2017 |website=walkoffame.com |publisher=Hollywood Chamber of Commerce}}</ref>
}}

'''William Washington Beaudine''' (January 15, 1892 – March 18, 1970) was an American film director. He was one of Hollywood's most prolific directors, turning out a remarkable 179 feature-length films in a wide variety of genres. 

He is best known today for his silent films ''[[Little Annie Rooney (1925 film)|Little Annie Rooney]]'' and ''[[Sparrows (1926 film)|Sparrows]]'', both with [[Mary Pickford]]; the [[W. C. Fields]] comedy ''[[The Old Fashioned Way (1934 film)|The Old Fashioned Way]]''; several [[Bela Lugosi]] and [[Charlie Chan]] thrillers; ''[[Mom and Dad (1945 film)|Mom and Dad]]'', a sex-education [[exploitation film]]; and the popular [[The Bowery Boys|Bowery Boys]] comedies.

==Early life==
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Born in New York City, Beaudine began his career as an actor in 1909, aged 17, with [[American Mutoscope and Biograph Company]]. He married Marguerite Fleischer in 1914 and they stayed married until his death. Her sister was the mother of actor [[Bobby Anderson (actor and production associate)|Bobby Anderson]]. Beaudine's brother [[Harold Beaudine]] was a director of short, action-filled comedies.

In 1915, William Beaudine was hired as an actor and director by the [[Kalem Company]]. He was an assistant to director [[D.W. Griffith]] on ''[[The Birth of a Nation]]'' and ''[[Intolerance (film)|Intolerance]]''. By the time he was 23 Beaudine had directed his first picture, a short called ''Almost a King'' (1915). He would continue to direct shorts exclusively until 1922, working with [[Bobby Vernon]] at the [[Al Christie]] studio and [[Snub Pollard]] at the [[Hal Roach]] studio.

== Career ==

=== Early career as prestige director ===
The 1959 book, ''Classics of the Silent Screen: A Pictorial Treasury'' (credited to [[Joe Franklin]] but actually written by noted film historian [[William K. Everson]]), remarks on "what a really fine director William Beaudine was in the silent era, long before he became the principal director of the Bowery Boys 'B' comedies".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Franklin, Joe |title=Classics of the Silent Screen |date=1959 |publisher=Citadel Press |page=77}}</ref> 

Beaudine was very much in demand during the 1920s. He began making feature-length films for then-struggling [[Warner Bros.]], demonstrating his clever ways of making films look more expensive than their budgets. This efficiency became a hallmark of Beaudine's style. He directed silent films for [[Goldwyn Pictures]] (before it became part of [[MGM]]), [[Metro Pictures]] (also before MGM), [[First National Pictures]], and [[Sol Lesser]]'s [[Principal Pictures]]. In 1926 he made ''[[Sparrows (1926 film)|Sparrows]]'', the story of orphans imprisoned in a swamp farm starring [[Mary Pickford]], and ''[[The Canadian (1926 film)|The Canadian]]'', based upon a [[W. Somerset Maugham]] play and shot on location in Alberta with [[Thomas Meighan]] as the lead. Beaudine had at least 30 pictures to his credit before the sound era began. Among his first sound films were short [[Mack Sennett]] comedies; he made at least one film for Sennett while contractually bound elsewhere, resulting in his adopting the pseudonym "William Crowley." He would occasionally use the pseudonym in later years, usually as "William X. Crowley."

He ground out several movies annually for [[Fox Film]]s, Warner Bros., [[Paramount Pictures|Paramount]], and [[Universal Pictures]]. His most famous credits of the early 1930s are ''[[The Mad Parade]]'' (1931), starring [[Evelyn Brent]] in the only World War I battlefield drama with an all-female cast (though men are occasionally heard and parts of their bodies are seen); ''[[Three Wise Girls]]'' (1932), [[Jean Harlow]]'s first starring film; and ''The Old Fashioned Way'' (1934), a comedy about old-time show folks starring W. C. Fields.

=== Career in Britain and return to America ===
Beaudine was one of a number of experienced directors (including [[Raoul Walsh]] and [[Allan Dwan]]) who were brought to England from Hollywood in the 1930s to work on what were in all other respects very British productions. Beaudine directed 11 features there from 1935 through 1937, including ''[[Boys Will Be Boys (1935 film)|Boys Will Be Boys]]'' (1935) and ''[[Where There's a Will (1936 film)|Where There's a Will]]'' (1936) starring [[Will Hay]], and the [[George Formby]] comedy ''[[Feather Your Nest]]'' (1937).

Beaudine returned to America in 1937 and had trouble re-establishing himself at the major studios. Once widely known as an A-list director of important productions, Beaudine had commanded a premium salary in the late 1920s that Hollywood producers of the late 1930s didn't want to match. He worked briefly at Warner Bros., with whom he had been associated in Britain, and then waited for offers on his terms. They never came. Beaudine had lost much of his personal fortune through no fault of his own (a bank he bought an interest in had failed, and much of his income was claimed by the British government in taxes).

=== Prolific B movie career ===
In 1940 publicist-turned-producer Jed Buell approached Beaudine to direct an all-black-cast feature for Buell's Dixie National Pictures. The salary was a flat $500 for one week's work. Beaudine knew that if he accepted this job, he would henceforth be associated with low-budget films and would never command his old salary again, but with his finances at a low ebb Beaudine accepted the assignment, under his "William X. Crowley" alias.

Buell was pleased with Beaudine's professionalism and inventive ways to extend a shoestring budget. He hired Beaudine to direct ''[[Misbehaving Husbands]]'' (1940), noteworthy at the time as the comeback feature of silent-screen clown [[Harry Langdon]]. It was a humble comeback for both Langdon and Beaudine, since it was released by the tiny [[Producers Releasing Corporation]], whose budgets seldom ventured beyond five figures. Langdon and Beaudine received critical raves for their work: "Preview house rewarded them with practically solid laughter" (''Boxoffice'');<ref>''Boxoffice'', Dec. 12, 1940, p. 10.</ref> "Easily [Langdon's] best performance in years" (''Motion Picture Daily'').<ref>''Motion Picture Daily'', Dec. 17, 1940, p. 6.</ref> The film's success within its own market reestablished both Langdon and Beaudine, albeit in B pictures.

William Beaudine became a low-budget specialist, forsaking his artistic ambitions in favor of strictly commercial film fare, and recouping his financial losses through sheer volume of work. He made dozens of comedies, [[thriller film|thriller]]s and [[melodrama]]s with such popular personalities as [[Bela Lugosi]], [[Ralph Byrd]], [[Edmund Lowe]], [[Jean Parker]], and [[The East Side Kids]]. He became a fixture at the ambitious [[Monogram Pictures]] and directed fully half of the 48 comedy features starring [[The Bowery Boys]]. By this time Beaudine had a reputation for being a resourceful, no-nonsense director who could make feature films in a matter of days, sometimes as few as five. He occasionally directed special-interest productions, like the 1945 crusade-for-sex-education feature ''[[Mom and Dad (1945 film)|Mom and Dad]]'', produced by [[Kroger Babb]], and the 1950 religious drama ''[[Again Pioneers]]'', produced by the [[Protestant Film Commission]]. Beaudine reflected on his [[B movie]] career, saying that "[t]hese films are going to be made regardless of who directs them. There's a market for them and the studios are going to continue to make them. I've been doing this long enough, I think I can make them as good or better than anyone else."<ref>{{cite book |last1=Marshall |first1=Wendy L. |title=William Beaudine: From Silents to Television (The Scarecrow Filmmakers Series, 116) |date=2004 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=0810852187 |page=214}}</ref>

Beaudine was often entrusted with series films, including the ''[[Torchy Blane]]'', ''[[The East Side Kids]]'', ''[[Bringing Up Father|Jiggs and Maggie]]'', ''[[The Shadow]]'', ''[[Charlie Chan]]'', and ''[[The Bowery Boys]]'' series. His efficiency was so well known that [[Walt Disney]] hired him to direct some of his television projects of the 1950s and had him direct a feature western, ''[[Ten Who Dared]]'' (1960). Beaudine became even busier in TV, directing ''[[Naked City (TV series)|Naked City]]'', ''[[The Green Hornet (TV series)|The Green Hornet]]'', and dozens of ''[[Lassie (1954 TV series)|Lassie]]'' episodes.

His last two feature films, both released in 1966, were the [[horror film|horror]]-[[western film|westerns]] ''[[Billy the Kid vs. Dracula]]'' (with [[John Carradine]]) and ''[[Jesse James Meets Frankenstein's Daughter]]''. His next film was to have been a screen biography of [[Lupe Vélez]], produced by and starring [[Estelita Rodriguez]],<ref>''Boxoffice'', Syd Cassyd, Nov. 29, 1965, p. 21.</ref> but the project died with Rodriguez in 1966 and Beaudine never made another film. By the end of the decade William Beaudine was the industry's oldest working professional, having started in 1909. His final screen credit was posthumous: ''The Green Hornet'' was compiled from the TV series and released as a feature film in 1974.

==Death==
Beaudine died of [[uremic poisoning]] in 1970, aged 78, in [[California]].

== Legacy ==

In 1980, in their tongue-in-cheek book ''[[The Golden Turkey Awards]]'', Michael and Harry Medved included William Beaudine in their list of worst directors of all time.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Medved, Michael and Harry |title=The Golden Turkey Awards |date=1980 |publisher=Berkley Books} |page=243}}</ref> They gave him the unflattering nickname "One-Shot," because he always seemed to shoot just one take, regardless of actors flubbing their lines or special effects malfunctioning. It is true that Beaudine shot economically—he usually had no choice—but he was always professional, and actually did shoot multiple takes of movie scenes. (The coming-attractions trailers of Beaudine's films are rife with alternate takes.)

The [[Academy Film Archive]] has preserved three films directed by William Beaudine: ''[[Little Annie Rooney (1925 film)|Little Annie Rooney]]'', ''Mom and Dad'', and ''A Husband in Haste''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Preserved Projects |url=http://www.oscars.org/academy-film-archive/preserved-projects?title=&filmmaker=William+Beaudine&category=All&collection=All |website=Academy Film Archive}}</ref>

==Selected filmography==
The following is a listing of the theatrically released, feature-length films directed by William Beaudine. Short subjects and television productions are not included.

===1910s===
* ''[[Almost a Wild Man]]'' (1913)

===1920s===
{{Div col}}
# ''[[Watch Your Step (film)|Watch Your Step]]'' (1922)
# ''[[Catch My Smoke]]'' (1922)
# ''[[Heroes of the Street]]'' (1922)
# ''[[Her Fatal Millions]]'' (1923)
# ''[[Penrod and Sam (1923 film)|Penrod and Sam]]'' (1923)
# ''[[The Printer's Devil (film)|The Printer's Devil]]'' (1923)
# ''[[The Country Kid]]'' (1923)
# ''[[Boy of Mine]]'' (1923)
# ''[[Daring Youth]]'' (1924)
# ''[[Wandering Husbands]]'' (1924) a.k.a. ''Love and Lies''
# ''[[Daughters of Pleasure]]'' (1924) a.k.a. ''Beggars on Horseback''
# ''[[A Self-Made Failure]]'' (1924) a.k.a. ''The Goof''
# ''[[Cornered (1924 film)|Cornered]]'' (1924)
# ''[[Lover's Lane (film)|Lover's Lane]]'' (1924) unconfirmed
# ''[[The Narrow Street]]'' (1925)
# ''[[A Broadway Butterfly]]'' (1925)
# ''[[How Baxter Butted In]]'' (1925)
# ''[[Little Annie Rooney (1925 film)|Little Annie Rooney]]'' (1925)
# ''[[That's My Baby (1926 film)|That's My Baby]]'' (1926)
# ''[[Sparrows (1926 film)|Sparrows]]'' (1926)
# ''[[The Social Highwayman]]'' (1926)
# ''[[Hold That Lion (1926 film)|Hold That Lion]]'' (1926)
# ''[[The Canadian (1926 film)|The Canadian]]'' (1926)
# ''[[Frisco Sally Levy]]'' (1927)
# ''[[The Life of Riley (1927 film)|The Life of Riley]]'' (1927)
# ''[[The Irresistible Lover]]'' (1927)
# ''[[The Cohens and the Kellys in Paris]]'' (1928)
# ''[[Heart to Heart (1928 film)|Heart to Heart]]'' (1928)
# ''[[Home, James (1928 film)|Home, James]]'' (1928)
# ''[[Do Your Duty]]'' (1928)
# ''[[Give and Take (film)|Give and Take]]'' (1928)
# ''[[Fugitives (1929 film)|Fugitives]]'' (1929)
# ''[[Two Weeks Off]]'' (1929)
# ''[[Hard to Get (1929 film)|Hard to Get]]'' (1929) a.k.a. ''Classified''
# ''[[The Girl from Woolworth's]]'' (1929)
# ''[[Wedding Rings (film)|Wedding Rings]]'' (1929) a.k.a. ''The Dark Swan''
{{div col end}}

===1930s===
{{Div col}}
# ''[[Those Who Dance (1930 film)|Those Who Dance]]'' (1930)
# ''[[Road to Paradise (1930 film)|Road to Paradise]]'' (1930)
# ''[[Father's Son (1931 film)|Father's Son]]'' (1931)
# ''[[Misbehaving Ladies]]'' (1931)
# ''[[The Lady Who Dared]]'' (1931)
# ''[[The Mad Parade]]'' (1931) a.k.a. ''Forgotten Women''
# ''[[Penrod and Sam (1931 film)|Penrod and Sam]]'' (1931)
# ''[[Men in Her Life]]'' (1931)
# ''[[Three Wise Girls]]'' (1932)
# ''[[Make Me a Star (film)|Make Me a Star]]'' (1932)
# ''[[The Crime of the Century (1933 film)|The Crime of the Century]]'' (1933)
# ''[[Her Bodyguard]]'' (1933)
# ''[[The Old Fashioned Way (film)|The Old Fashioned Way]]'' (1934)
# ''[[Two Hearts in Harmony]]'' (1935)
# ''[[So You Won't Talk (1935 film)|So You Won't Talk]]'' (1935)
# ''[[Dandy Dick (film)|Dandy Dick]]'' (1935)
# ''[[Boys Will Be Boys (1935 film)|Boys Will Be Boys]]'' (1935)
# ''[[Get Off My Foot]]'' (1935)
# ''[[Mr. Cohen Takes a Walk]]'' (1935)
# ''[[Where There's a Will (1936 film)|Where There's a Will]]'' (1936)
# ''[[Educated Evans (film)|Educated Evans]]'' (1936)
# ''[[It's in the Bag (1936 film)|It's in the Bag]]'' (1936)
# ''[[Windbag the Sailor]]'' (1936)
# ''[[Feather Your Nest]]'' (1937)
# ''[[Said O'Reilly to McNab]]'' (1937)
# ''[[Take It from Me (1937 film)|Take It from Me]]'' (1937)
# ''[[Torchy Gets Her Man]]'' (1938)
# ''[[Torchy Blane in Chinatown]]'' (1939)
{{div col end}}

===1940s===
{{Div col}}
# ''[[She Done Him Right (1940 film)|She Done Him Right]]'' (1940)
# ''[[Four Shall Die]]'' (1940) a.k.a. ''Condemned Men''
# ''[[Misbehaving Husbands]]'' (1940)
# ''[[Up Jumped the Devil (film)|Up Jumped the Devil]]'' (1941)
# ''[[Emergency Landing (1941 film)|Emergency Landing]]'' (1941)
# ''[[Federal Fugitives]]'' (1941) a.k.a. ''International Spy''
# ''[[Desperate Cargo]]'' (1941)
# ''[[Mr. Celebrity]]'' (1941)
# ''[[The Miracle Kid]]'' (1941)
# ''[[Blonde Comet]]'' (1941)
# ''[[Duke of the Navy]]'' (1942)
# ''[[Broadway Big Shot]]'' (1942)
# ''[[Lucky Ghost]]'' (1942) a.k.a. ''Lady Luck''
# ''[[Professor Creeps]]'' (1942)
# ''[[The Panther's Claw]]'' (1942)
# ''[[Men of San Quentin]]'' (1942)
# ''[[Gallant Lady (1942 film)|Gallant Lady]]'' (1942) a.k.a. ''Prison Girl''
# ''[[One Thrilling Night]]'' (1942)
# ''[[Phantom Killer (film)|Phantom Killer]]'' (1942)
# ''[[Foreign Agent (film)|Foreign Agent]]'' (1942)
# ''[[The Living Ghost]]'' (1942)
# ''[[The Ape Man]]'' (1943)
# ''[[Clancy Street Boys]]'' (1943)
# ''[[Spotlight Scandals]]'' (1943) a.k.a. ''Spotlight Revue'' (reissue title)
# ''[[Ghosts on the Loose]]'' (1943)
# ''[[Here Comes Kelly]]'' (1943)
# ''[[Mr. Muggs Steps Out]]'' (1943)
# ''[[Mystery of the 13th Guest]]'' (1943)
# ''[[What a Man! (1944 film)|What a Man!]]'' (1944)
# ''[[Voodoo Man]]'' (1944)
# ''[[Hot Rhythm]]'' (1944)
# ''[[Detective Kitty O'Day]]'' (1944)
# ''[[Follow the Leader (1944 film)|Follow the Leader]]'' (1944)
# ''[[Leave It to the Irish]]'' (1944)
# ''[[Oh, What a Night (1944 film)|Oh, What a Night]]'' (1944)
# ''[[Shadow of Suspicion]]'' (1944)
# ''[[Bowery Champs]]'' (1944)
# ''[[Crazy Knights]]'' (1944) a.k.a. ''Murder in the Family'' (TV title)
# ''[[Mom and Dad (1945 film)|Mom and Dad]]'' (1945)
# ''[[Adventures of Kitty O'Day]]'' (1945)
# ''[[Fashion Model (film)|Fashion Model]]'' (1945)
# ''[[Blonde Ransom]]'' (1945)
# ''[[Swingin' on a Rainbow]]'' (1945)
# ''[[Come Out Fighting (1945 film)|Come Out Fighting]]'' (1945)
# ''[[Black Market Babies]]'' (1945)
# ''[[Girl on the Spot]]'' (1946)
# ''[[The Face of Marble]]'' (1946)
# ''[[One Exciting Week]]'' (1946)
# ''[[Don't Gamble with Strangers]]'' (1946)
# ''[[Below the Deadline (1946 film)|Below the Deadline]]'' (1946) a.k.a. ''Jumping Joe'' (TV title)
# ''[[Spook Busters]]'' (1946)
# ''[[Mr. Hex]]'' (1946)
# ''[[Philo Vance Returns]]'' (1947) a.k.a. ''Infamous Crimes'' (TV title)
# ''[[Hard Boiled Mahoney]]'' (1947)
# ''[[Too Many Winners]]'' (1947)
# ''[[Killer at Large (1947 film)|Killer at Large]]'' (1947) a.k.a. ''Gangway for Murder'' and ''Syndicated Murder''
# ''[[Gas House Kids Go West]]'' (1947)
# ''[[News Hounds]]'' (1947)
# ''[[Bowery Buckaroos]]'' (1947)
# ''[[The Chinese Ring]]'' (1947)
# ''[[Angels' Alley]]'' (1947)
# ''[[Jinx Money]]'' (1948)
# ''[[The Shanghai Chest]]'' (1948)
# ''[[The Golden Eye]]'' (1948)
# ''[[Smugglers' Cove]]'' (1948)
# ''[[Incident (1948 film)|Incident]]'' (1948)
# ''[[Kidnapped (1948 film)|Kidnapped]]'' (1948)
# ''[[Jiggs and Maggie in Court]]'' (1948)
# ''[[The Feathered Serpent (1948 film)|The Feathered Serpent]]'' (1948)
# ''[[The Lawton Story]]'' (1949)
# ''[[Tuna Clipper]]'' (1949)
# ''[[Forgotten Women (1949 film)|Forgotten Women]]'' (1949)
# ''[[Trail of the Yukon]]'' (1949) as William X. Crowley
# ''[[Jiggs and Maggie in Jackpot Jitters]]'' (1949)
# ''[[Tough Assignment]]'' (1949)
{{div col end}}

===1950s===
{{Div col}}
# ''[[Blue Grass of Kentucky]]'' (1950)
# ''[[Blonde Dynamite]]'' (1950)
# ''[[Jiggs and Maggie Out West]]'' (1950)
# ''[[Lucky Losers]]'' (1950)
# ''[[County Fair (1950 film)|County Fair]]'' (1950)
# ''[[Second Chance (1950 film)|Second Chance]]'' (1950)
# ''[[Blues Busters (1950 film)|Blues Busters]]'' (1950)
# ''[[Again Pioneers]]'' (1950)
# ''[[A Wonderful Life (film)|A Wonderful Life]]'' (1951)
# ''[[Bowery Battalion]]'' (1951)
# ''[[Cuban Fireball]]'' (1951)
# ''[[Ghost Chasers]]'' (1951)
# ''[[Let's Go Navy!]]'' (1951)
# ''[[Havana Rose]]'' (1951)
# ''[[Crazy Over Horses]]'' (1951)
# ''The Congregation'' (1951)
# ''[[Rodeo (1952 film)|Rodeo]]'' (1952)
# ''[[Hold That Line]]'' (1952)
# ''[[Jet Job]]'' (1952)
# ''[[Here Come the Marines]]'' (1952)
# ''[[The Rose Bowl Story]]'' (1952)
# ''[[Bela Lugosi Meets a Brooklyn Gorilla]]'' (1952)
# ''[[Feudin' Fools]]'' (1952)
# ''[[No Holds Barred (1952 film)|No Holds Barred]]'' (1952)
# ''[[Jalopy (film)|Jalopy]]'' (1953)
# ''[[Born to the Saddle]]'' (1953)
# ''[[Roar of the Crowd]]'' (1953)
# ''[[Murder Without Tears]]'' (1953)
# ''[[Yukon Vengeance]]'' (1954)
# ''[[Paris Playboys]]'' (1954)
# ''[[Pride of the Blue Grass (1954 film)|Pride of the Blue Grass]]'' (1954)
# ''[[High Society (1955 film)|High Society]]'' (1955)
# ''[[Jail Busters]]'' (1955)
# ''[[Westward Ho, the Wagons!]]'' (1956)
# ''[[Up in Smoke (1957 film)|Up in Smoke]]'' (1957)
# ''[[In the Money]]'' (1958)
{{div col end}}

===1960s===
# ''[[Ten Who Dared]]'' (1960)
# ''[[Billy the Kid Versus Dracula]]'' (1966)
# ''[[Jesse James Meets Frankenstein's Daughter]]'' (1966)

===1970s===
# ''The Green Hornet'' (compilation of TV episodes, 1974)

==References==
{{reflist}}

== Further reading ==

* Medved, Harry and Medved, Michael. ''The Golden Turkey Awards'', Perigee Books, G.P. Putnam's Sons. New York. 1980. {{ISBN|0-399-50463-X}}. Pages 171–172.

==External links==
{{commons category|William Beaudine}}
* {{IMDb name|0064415}}
* [http://www.originalmmc.com/beaudinesr.html One-Shot Beaudine]

{{William Beaudine |state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Beaudine, William}}
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