Editing Wolf's Lair

{{Short description|Adolf Hitler's Eastern Front military headquarters during World War II}}
{{about|the World War II German fortified command post|the lairs of wolves|Wolf}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2017}}
{{Infobox military installation
|name = Wolf's Lair
|native_name = {{lang|de|Wolfsschanze}}
|partof = {{lang|de|[[Führer Headquarters|Führerhauptquartiere]]}}
|location = Present-day [[Gierłoż, Kętrzyn County|Gierłoż]], [[Poland]]
|image = Adolf Hitler's Bunker in Wolfsschanze b.jpg
|image_size = 275
|caption = Hitler's reinforced bunker at the {{lang|de|Wolfsschanze}}
|map_type = Poland#Germany 1937
|map_size = 
|map_alt = 
|map_caption =Location within Poland
|coordinates = {{coord|54.0804|21.4941|scale:10000|display=inline,title}}
|type = Camouflaged concrete bunkers
|built = {{start date and years ago|1941}}
|used = June 1941 – January 1945
|builder = [[Hochtief|Hochtief AG]], [[Organisation Todt]]
|materials = {{convert|2|m|ftin|abbr=on}} [[steel-reinforced concrete]]
|fate = Partially demolished by retreating German forces
|condition = Mostly destroyed
|ownership = [[Polish Government]]
|open_to_public = Yes
|garrison = {{ubl|{{lang|de|[[Reichssicherheitsdienst]]}}|{{lang|de|[[Führerbegleitbrigade]]}}}}
|past_commanders = [[Johann Rattenhuber]]
|occupants = {{ubl|[[Adolf Hitler]]| [[Government of Nazi Germany]]|{{lang|de|[[Oberkommando der Wehrmacht]]}}}}
|battles = 
|events = [[20 July Plot]]
|image2 = [[File:WolfsLairThenAndNow.gif|250px]]
|caption2 = Location within historic and present-day borders
}}

The '''Wolf's Lair''' ({{langx|de|Wolfsschanze}}; {{langx|pl|Wilczy Szaniec}}) was [[Adolf Hitler]]'s first [[Eastern Front (World War II)|Eastern Front]] military headquarters in [[World War II]].

The headquarters was located in the [[Masuria]]n woods, near the village of Görlitz (now [[Gierłoż, Kętrzyn County|Gierłoż]]), about 8 kilometres (5 miles) east of the town of Rastenburg (now [[Kętrzyn]]), in present-day [[Poland]]. The central complex and the {{lang|de|Führer}}'s bunker were surrounded by three security zones guarded by two {{lang|de|[[Schutzstaffel]]}} (SS) units: the {{lang|de|[[SS-Begleitkommando des Führers]]}} and the  {{lang|de|[[Reichssicherheitsdienst]]}}.

The {{lang|de|[[Wehrmacht]]}}'s armored {{lang|de|[[Führerbegleitbrigade]]}} was held in readiness nearby but, as a part of the [[German Army (1935–1945)|German Army]]'s elite [[Panzergrenadier Division Großdeutschland|{{lang|de|cat=no|Großdeutschland}} Division]], was used to counter-attack [[Red Army]] break-throughs in Army Group Centre's front and rescue cut-off Army, [[Luftwaffe|Air Force]], [[Fallschirmjäger|paratrooper]], and SS armoured troops.

The [[20 July plot]], an assassination attempt against Hitler, took place at the Wolf's Lair on 20 July 1944.<ref name="kershaw" />

==Name==
The name ''Wolfsschanze'' is derived from "Wolf", a nickname of Hitler used only by his close friends. "Wolf" was used in several titles of Hitler's [[Führer Headquarters|headquarters]] throughout [[German-occupied Europe|occupied Europe]], such as [[Wolfsschlucht I|''Wolfsschlucht'' I]] and [[Wolfsschlucht II|II]] in Belgium and France, and ''[[Werwolf (Wehrmacht HQ)|Werwolf]]'' in [[Ukraine]]. The name [[Adolf]] itself originates in Germanic ''Athalwolf'', "noble wolf".

Although the standard translation in English is "Wolf's Lair", a ''[[Schanze]]'' in German denotes a [[sconce (fortification)|sconce]], [[redoubt]], or temporary fieldwork. The German translation for the lair of a wolf is ''Höhle'' (cave) or ''Bau'' (dwelling).

==History==
As part of the preparations for the coming [[Operation Barbarossa]], the decision was made in late 1940 to build a military headquarters for the ''[[Führer]]'' in Eastern Europe, similar in concept to the ''[[Felsennest]]'' in Western Europe. Like the ''Felsennest'', the new headquarters had to be as close to the front as possible, but far enough to be safe from enemy forces.

Eventually, a top-secret site was chosen in the middle of the Masurian woods, in what was then [[East Prussia]], far from roads and urban areas, and accessible only by a single railway and small airstrip. To maintain secrecy, locals were told that the construction works were for a new cement factory. The [[Organisation Todt]] completed construction of the entire {{convert|6.5|km2|mi2|frac=4|abbr=on}} complex by 21 June 1941.

Hitler first arrived at the headquarters on 24 June 1941, two days after ''Barbarossa'' commenced. At its peak, over 2,000 people lived and worked at the ''Wolf's Lair'', including food-tasters to sample Hitler's food before he ate it to guard him against being poisoned.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Paterson |first=Tony |date=2014-09-17 |title=Hitler's only surviving food taster reveals the horrors of the 'Wolf's Lair' |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/hitler-s-food-taster-reveals-the-horrors-of-the-wolf-s-lair-9738880.html |access-date=2023-06-28 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> Additional construction work began in mid-1944 to enlarge and reinforce many of the original buildings on the site on Hitler's orders, although the work was never completed because of the Red Army's rapid advance during the [[Baltic Offensive]].

Hitler left the ''Wolf's Lair'' for the final time in November 1944 after having spent over 800 days there, the longest he had stayed at any place over the course of the war, during a {{frac|3|1|2}}-year period.{{Citation needed|date=July 2023}}

== Layout ==
The buildings within the complex were camouflaged with bushes, grass, and artificial trees on the flat roofs; netting was also erected between buildings and the surrounding forest so that the installation looked like unbroken dense woodland from the air. The site consisted of three concentric security zones.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Location and construction of Wolf's Lair – Why Gierloz / Ketrzyn?|url=https://wolfsschanze.pl/en/location-and-construction/|access-date=2022-01-14|website=Wolfsschanze|language=en-US}}</ref>

*''Sperrkreis 1'' (Security Zone 1) was located at the heart of the Wolf's Lair, the perimeter was ringed by steel fencing and guarded by the SS ''[[Reichssicherheitsdienst]]'' (RSD). Within the compound, security was managed by ''Dienststelle'' I (command I) from the ''[[SS-Begleitkommando des Führers]]'' (FBK) which operated under the auspices of ''Obersturmbannführer'' [[Bruno Gesche]]. These were the only armed guards Hitler allowed to be near him.<ref>{{cite book | last = Felton | first = Mark | author-link = Mark Felton | title = Guarding Hitler: The Secret World of the Führer | year = 2014 | publisher = Pen and Sword Military | location = London | isbn = 978-1-78159-305-9 |page=104}}</ref> They never had to surrender their weapons and were never searched whereas the RSD were required to remain at positions some distance away from Hitler.<ref>{{cite book | last = Misch | first = Rochus | author-link = Rochus Misch | title = Hitler's Last Witness: The Memoirs of Hitler's Bodyguard | publisher = Frontline Books–Skyhorse Publishing, Inc| location = London | year = 2014 | orig-year = 2008 | isbn = 978-1848327498 |pages =120–121}}</ref> The zone contained the Führer Bunker and ten other camouflaged bunkers built from {{convert|2|m|ftin|adj=mid|-thick}} [[steel-reinforced concrete]]. These shelters protected members of Hitler's inner circle such as [[Joseph Goebbels]], [[Martin Bormann]], [[Hermann Göring]], [[Wilhelm Keitel]], and [[Alfred Jodl]]. Hitler's accommodation was on the shaded northern side of the Führer Bunker. Both Hitler's and Keitel's bunkers had additional rooms where military conferences could be held.<ref name="kershaw">Kershaw 2000 p. 55</ref>
*''Sperrkreis 2'' (Security Zone 2) surrounded the inner zone. The area housed the quarters of several Reich Ministers such as [[Fritz Todt]], [[Albert Speer]], and [[Joachim von Ribbentrop]]. It also housed the quarters of the personnel who worked in the Wolf's Lair and the military barracks for the RSD.
*''Sperrkreis 3'' (Security Zone 3) was the heavily fortified outer security area which surrounded the two inner zones. It was defended by [[land mine]]s and the ''[[Führerbegleitbrigade]]'' (FBB), a special armoured security unit from ''[[Wehrmacht]]'' which manned guardhouses, watchtowers, and checkpoints.

A facility for [[Oberkommando des Heeres|Army headquarters]] was also located near the complex.<ref name=kershaw /> The FBK and RSD had responsibility for Hitler's personal security within the site, while external protection of the complex was provided by the FBB, which had become a regiment by July 1944.  The FBB was equipped with tanks, anti-aircraft guns, and other heavy weapons. Any approaching aircraft could be detected up to {{convert|100|km|mi|-1|abbr=on}} from the site. Additional troops were also stationed about {{convert|75|km|mi|abbr=on|round=5}} away.<ref name="website">{{Cite web |title=Location and construction of Wolf's Lair – Why Gierloz / Ketrzyn? |url=http://wolfsschanze.pl/en/location-and-construction/}}</ref>
{{-}}

[[File:Lageplan Wolfsschanze.svg|thumb|center|upright=2.6|{{image key |list type=ordered
|Office and barracks of [[Begleitkommando-SS|Hitler's bodyguard]]
|[[SS-Begleitkommando des Führers|FBK]]/[[Reichssicherheitsdienst|RSD command post]]
|Emergency generator
|Bunker
|Office of [[Otto Dietrich]], Hitler's press secretary
|Conference room, site of the [[20 July plot|20 July 1944 assassination attempt]]
|RSD command post
|Guest bunker and air-raid shelter
|RSD command post
|Secretariat under [[Philipp Bouhler]]
|Headquarters of [[Johann Rattenhuber]], [[SS]] chief of Hitler's security department, and Post Office
|Radio and telex buildings
|Vehicle garages
|Railway siding for [[Führersonderzug|Hitler's Train]]
|Cinema
|Generator buildings
|Quarters of [[Theodor Morell|Morell]], [[Karl Bodenschatz|Bodenschatz]], [[Walther Hewel|Hewel]], [[Hans-Erich Voss|Voß]], [[Karl Wolff|Wolff]], and [[Hermann Fegelein|Fegelein]]
|Stores
|Residence of [[Martin Bormann]], Hitler's personal secretary
|Residence and bunker of [[Adolf Hitler]]
|Bormann's personal air-raid shelter for himself and staff
|Office of [[Fritz Wiedemann|Hitler's adjutant]] and the [[Heerespersonalamt|Wehrmacht's personnel office]]
|Military and staff mess II
|Quarters of General [[Alfred Jodl]], Chief of Operations of [[Oberkommando der Wehrmacht|OKW]]
|Firefighting pond
|[[Joachim von Ribbentrop|Office of the Foreign Ministry]]
|Quarters of [[Fritz Todt]], then [[Albert Speer]] after Todt's death
|RSD command post
|Air-raid shelter with [[Flak]] and MG units on the roof
|Hitler's bunker and air-raid shelter
|New tea room
|Residence of General Field Marshal [[Wilhelm Keitel]], supreme commander of OKW
|Old tea house
|Residence of ''[[Reichsmarschall]]'' [[Hermann Göring]]
|Göring's personal air-raid shelter for himself and staff, with Flak and MG on the roof
|Offices of the [[Oberkommando der Luftwaffe|High Command of the Air Force]]
|Offices of the [[Oberkommando der Marine|High command of the Navy]]
|Bunker with Flak
|Cemetery
|[[Kętrzyn|Rastenburg]] railway line
}}]]

===Reinforcements===
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 101III-Reprich-012-08, Wolfschanze, Hitler, Ley, Porsche und Göring.jpg|thumb|Hitler meeting Reich Commissioner [[Robert Ley]], automotive engineer [[Ferdinand Porsche]], and ''[[Reichsmarschall]]'' [[Hermann Göring]] at the ''Wolfsschanze'' in 1942]]
Hitler's secretary, [[Traudl Junge]], recalled that Hitler repeatedly spoke in late 1943 or early 1944 of a possible bomber attack on the ''Wolfsschanze'' by the Western [[Allies of World War II|Allies]]. She quoted Hitler as saying, "They know ''exactly'' where we are, and sometime they're going to destroy everything here with carefully aimed bombs. I expect them to attack any day."<ref>{{cite book|author=Junge, Traudl|title=Until the Final Hour|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2003|page=116}}</ref>

According to Speer, between 28 July 1941 and 20 March 1942, Hitler left Rastenburg only four times for a total of 57 days.  Afterwards, Hitler spent the next three months in [[Obersalzberg]] before returning to Rastenburg for the next nine months.<ref name="Speer 2">{{cite book |last1=Speer|first1=Albert|title=Inside the Third Reich|date=1995|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|location=London |isbn=9781842127353 |page=401}}</ref>

Hitler's entourage returned to the ''Wolfsschanze'' from an extended summer stay at the [[Berghof (residence)|Berghof]] in July 1944. The previous small bunkers had been replaced by the [[Organisation Todt]] with "heavy, colossal structures" of reinforced concrete as defense against the feared air attack.<ref>Junge, Traudl. ''Until the Final Hour''. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2003, p. 126.</ref> According to Armaments Minister [[Albert Speer]], "some 36,000,000 marks were spent for bunkers in Rastenburg [Wolf's Lair]."<ref name = "Speer">Speer, A: ''Inside the Third Reich'', p. 217</ref>

Hitler's bunker had become the largest, "a positive fortress" containing "a maze of passages, rooms and halls." Junge wrote, "We had air-raid warnings every day" in the period between the [[20 July plot|20 July assassination attempt]] and Hitler's final departure from the ''Wolfsschanze'' in November 1944, "but there was never more than a single aircraft circling over the forest, and no bombs were dropped. All the same, Hitler took the danger very seriously, and thought all these reconnaissance flights were in preparation for the big raid he was expecting."<ref>Junge, Traudl. ''Until the Final Hour''. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2003, p. 145.</ref>

No air attack ever came. It has never been revealed whether the Western Allies knew of the ''Wolfsschanze''{{'}}s location and importance.  The Soviet Union was unaware of both the location and the scale of the complex until the site was uncovered by its forces during their advance towards Berlin in early 1945.<ref>[[Antony Beevor|Beevor, Antony]] (1999) ''Stalingrad: The Fateful Siege: 1942–1943''. New York: Penguin Books. {{isbn|9780140284584}}</ref>

==Hitler's daily routine==
Hitler would begin his day by taking a walk alone with his dog around 10 a.m. or so, and at 10:30&nbsp;a.m. he looked at the mail that had been delivered by air or courier train. A noon situation briefing would be convened, either in Keitel's or Jodl's bunker, and frequently ran for two hours. This was followed by lunch at 2 p.m. in the dining hall. Hitler invariably sat in the same seat between [[Alfred Jodl|Jodl]] and [[Otto Dietrich]], while [[Wilhelm Keitel|Keitel]], [[Martin Bormann]], and Göring's adjutant General [[Karl Bodenschatz]] sat opposite him.<ref name=kershaw />

After lunch, Hitler dealt with non-military matters for the remainder of the afternoon. Coffee was served around 5 p.m., followed by a second military briefing by Jodl at 6 p.m. Dinner could also last as long as two hours, beginning at 7:30&nbsp;p.m., after which films were shown in the cinema. Hitler then retired to his private quarters where he gave monologues to his entourage till late, usually going to sleep around 3 or 4 a.m. Occasionally, Hitler and his entourage listened to [[gramophone record]]s of [[Beethoven]] symphonies, selections from [[Wagner]] or other operas, or German [[lieder]].<ref name=kershaw />

==Notable visitors==
{{div col start}}<!--Ordered alphabetically by surname-->
* [[Ion Antonescu]] – marshal of Romania<ref>{{Citation |date=11 February 1942 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Narodowe Archiwum Cyfrowe|National Digital Archives]] |publication-place=publisher (pl)|url=http://www.audiovis.nac.gov.pl/obraz/29331/068bab08042ce3d968df36aa82da95c7/ |access-date=20 September 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |date=10–13 January 1943 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Narodowe Archiwum Cyfrowe|National Digital Archives]] |publication-place=publisher (pl)|url=http://www.audiovis.nac.gov.pl/obraz/29383/068bab08042ce3d968df36aa82da95c7/ |access-date=20 September 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |date=5–6 August 1944 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de) |url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=4117922f730c1fef458fda7d3037afc9&IMGID=50041654 |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-date=20 September 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130920232328/http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=4117922f730c1fef458fda7d3037afc9&IMGID=50041654 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Boris III of Bulgaria]] – tsar of Bulgaria<ref>{{Citation |date=24 March 1942 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de)|url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=72aa469af35bd5076be5dc3ebc346655&IMGID=50035579 |access-date=20 September 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |date=14 August 1942 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de) |url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=d6deabcece12427f023ae35fd6737620&IMGID=50042251 |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-date=20 September 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130920232332/http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=d6deabcece12427f023ae35fd6737620&IMGID=50042251 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Subhas Chandra Bose]] – national leader from India<ref>{{Citation |date=29 May 1942 |title=Image-No.: 50059436 (search inside).l |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de) |url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=ea7ebe7c849eb41303253a664f05becb&IMGID=50059436 |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-date=20 September 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130920232332/http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=ea7ebe7c849eb41303253a664f05becb&IMGID=50059436 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Dobri Bozhilov]] – prime minister of Bulgaria in 1943–44<ref>{{Citation |date=5 November 1943 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de) |url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=956863ae13e4a399ed81ded88009a165&IMGID=50042006 |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-date=20 September 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130920232336/http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=956863ae13e4a399ed81ded88009a165&IMGID=50042006 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Galeazzo Ciano]] (minister of foreign affairs) – Italy<ref>{{Citation |date=25 October 1941 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de) |url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=8f0d246f1964a74eebac7dd6322be52f&IMGID=50044259 |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-date=21 September 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130921100726/http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=8f0d246f1964a74eebac7dd6322be52f&IMGID=50044259 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |date=18 December 1942|title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de)|url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=2a3097ed4d4e9ef6d7c5b60fdd490f15&IMGID=30028848 |access-date=20 September 2013 }}</ref>
* [[Lajos Csatay von Csatai]] (general, ministry of war) – Hungary<ref>{{Citation |date=17 August 1943 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de) |url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=1e067559c794afb5b4f120c5d3f3b24d&IMGID=50042250 |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-date=20 September 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130920232253/http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=1e067559c794afb5b4f120c5d3f3b24d&IMGID=50042250 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Rashid Ali al-Gaylani]] (former prime minister) – Iraq<ref>{{Citation |date=15 July 1942 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Narodowe Archiwum Cyfrowe|National Digital Archives]] |publication-place=Poland|url=http://www.audiovis.nac.gov.pl/obraz/28480/e4f25e3728ea2069b4ce5b92b540fe47/ |access-date=20 September 2013 }}</ref>
* [[Italo Gariboldi]] (general) – Italy<ref>{{Citation |date=7 May 1942 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de) |url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=9170ea05332a5e0fd2785ee029a15100&IMGID=50043424 |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-date=20 September 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130920232322/http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=9170ea05332a5e0fd2785ee029a15100&IMGID=50043424 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Rodolfo Graziani]] (marshal) – Italy<ref>{{Citation |date=October 1943|title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de)|url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=5814ef99120c46b45271ef9277e119e8&IMGID=50135666 |access-date=20 September 2013 }}</ref>
* [[Miklós Horthy]] (regent) – Hungary<ref>{{Citation |date=8 September 1941 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Narodowe Archiwum Cyfrowe|National Digital Archives]] |publication-place=publisher (pl)|url=http://www.audiovis.nac.gov.pl/obraz/29753/43f63a17dd0ca1b4f3f0d8dd32f33c9d/ |access-date=20 September 2013 }}</ref>
* [[Gusztáv Jány]] (general) – Hungary<ref>{{Citation |date=16 May 1942 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de) |url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=8edf9e571387cb917dc255403a6636f0&IMGID=50043420 |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-date=20 September 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130920232254/http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=8edf9e571387cb917dc255403a6636f0&IMGID=50043420 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Miklós Kállay]] (prime minister) – Hungary<ref>{{Citation |date=6 June 1942 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Narodowe Archiwum Cyfrowe|National Digital Archives]] |publication-place=publisher (pl)|url=http://www.audiovis.nac.gov.pl/obraz/29763/0a272b4a6a133f5f0f6e30043ebbafed/ |access-date=20 September 2013 }}</ref>
* [[Prince Kiril of Bulgaria]] (prince of Bulgaria and Preslav, tsar successor) – Bulgaria<ref>{{Citation |date=18–19 October 1943 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de) |url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=e624e122d253eebe2ede3f7c1aa22c50&IMGID=50042066 |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-date=20 September 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130920232329/http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=e624e122d253eebe2ede3f7c1aa22c50&IMGID=50042066 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Slavko Kvaternik]] (commander and minister of armed forces) – [[Independent State of Croatia|Croatia]]<ref>{{Citation |date=21 July 1941 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de) |url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=801ccd8b1a0dd010fa51cecb00b18f89&IMGID=50035853 |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-date=20 September 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130920232330/http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=801ccd8b1a0dd010fa51cecb00b18f89&IMGID=50035853 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Pierre Laval]] (prime minister of Vichy regime) – France<ref>{{Citation |date=19 December 1942 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de)|url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=6cb454eec5e677b2bef9a9ea6b444b66&IMGID=30029167 |access-date=20 September 2013 }}</ref>
* [[Konstantin Lukash]] (general, chief of Staff of the Bulgarian Army) – Bulgaria<ref>{{Citation |date=8 December 1941  |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de)|url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=84de09725cbc696a6e9c6593c7eea107&IMGID=50044208 |access-date=20 September 2013 }}</ref>
* [[Fanni Luukkonen]] (army colonel, leader of the voluntary auxiliary organisation for women) – Finland<ref>{{Citation |date=26 May 1943|title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de)|url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=e3bdf1c4e00cee0e9426dbc72231db95&IMGID=30028908 |access-date=20 September 2013 }}</ref>
* [[Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim]] (military leader and statesman) – Finland<ref>{{Citation |date=27–28 June 1942 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de) |url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=e5fa18d86e213922d2acaf2d0d440245&IMGID=50043591 |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-date=20 September 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130920232329/http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=e5fa18d86e213922d2acaf2d0d440245&IMGID=50043591 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[José Finat y Escrivá de Romaní]] (Conde de Mayalde, ambassador to [[Third Reich]]) – Spain<ref>{{Citation |date=11 September 1941 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de) |url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=1cf394fb615f92a0f0bc44513a95399f&IMGID=50044341 |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-date=20 September 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130920232254/http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=1cf394fb615f92a0f0bc44513a95399f&IMGID=50044341 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Nikola Mihov]] (general, minister of war) – Bulgaria<ref>{{Citation |date=8 January 1943 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de) |url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=b78187a8b0d86dce644f33479cd97905&IMGID=50043015 |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-date=20 September 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130920232334/http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=b78187a8b0d86dce644f33479cd97905&IMGID=50043015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[José Moscardó Ituarte]] (general) – Spain<ref>{{Citation |date=7 December 1941 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de) |url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=c46659cbc6780437dd75024f2a9062d2&IMGID=50044210 |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-date=20 September 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130920232323/http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=c46659cbc6780437dd75024f2a9062d2&IMGID=50044210 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Benito Mussolini]] (prime minister) – Italy<ref>{{Citation |date=25 August 1941 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de) |url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=9d453a453a9f93dcfd7fc0f1b12d80f0&IMGID=50035813 |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-date=20 September 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130920232331/http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=9d453a453a9f93dcfd7fc0f1b12d80f0&IMGID=50035813 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |date=28 August 1941 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de) |url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=bbf6906677d812f6cfb3900e39faaf78&IMGID=50044550 |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-date=20 September 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130920232331/http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=bbf6906677d812f6cfb3900e39faaf78&IMGID=50044550 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |date=14 September 1943 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de)|url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=eb7fa7a021b7f711d58b9c315c052e82&IMGID=50139843 |access-date=20 September 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |date=20 July 1944 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Narodowe Archiwum Cyfrowe|National Digital Archives]] |publication-place=publisher (pl)|url=http://www.audiovis.nac.gov.pl/obraz/27901/7c2507686693e46450b68fbe1eb85301/ |access-date=20 September 2013 }}</ref>
* [[Milan Nedić]] – general and prime minister of [[Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia|Serbia]]<ref>{{Citation |date=18 September 1943 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de)|url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=4d9837a0df9676c43e732a40bfd0385d&IMGID=30029166 |access-date=20 September 2013 }}</ref>
* [[Harald Öhquist]] – lieutenant general of Finland<ref name="30.07.1941">{{Citation |date=30 July 1941 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de) |url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&TABPREV=PREVIEW&SECTION=PREVRESULT&IMGID=50044988 |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-date=20 September 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130920232331/http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&TABPREV=PREVIEW&SECTION=PREVRESULT&IMGID=50044988 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Hiroshi Ōshima]] (general, ambassador to Third Reich) – Japan<ref>{{Citation |date=15 July 1941 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de) |url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=0752e218d73a698d37e5a0b470a0d053&IMGID=50045134 |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-date=20 September 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130920232328/http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=0752e218d73a698d37e5a0b470a0d053&IMGID=50045134 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |date=July 1941 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de) |url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=4fd8bf85837ac9ec67b114a2db7b9285&IMGID=50042295 |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-date=20 September 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130920232320/http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=4fd8bf85837ac9ec67b114a2db7b9285&IMGID=50042295 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |date=4 September 1944 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de)|url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=d4e4522aabc20a45a84165b96481d7ec&IMGID=50041648 |access-date=20 September 2013 }}</ref>
* [[Ante Pavelić]] – ''Poglavnik'' ("Head") of [[Independent State of Croatia|Croatia]]<ref name="30.07.1941" />
* [[Jozef Tiso]] – Roman Catholic priest and President of Slovakia<ref>{{Citation |date=20 October 1941 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de) |url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=edca05dc19fed72a19438f8f91d47919&IMGID=50044288 |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-date=20 September 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130920232328/http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=edca05dc19fed72a19438f8f91d47919&IMGID=50044288 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Cemil Cahit Toydemir]] – (general) – Turkey<ref>{{Citation |date=6 July 1943 |title=pict. |publisher=[[Prussian Heritage Image Archive]] |publication-place=publisher (de) |url=http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=50c89aa846f82e0d577e9bdeaefc7d29&IMGID=50042373 |access-date=20 September 2013 |archive-date=20 September 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130920232324/http://bpkgate.picturemaxx.com/preview.php?WGSESSID=f6295700d800dc0bca80b142ac1f1831&UURL=50c89aa846f82e0d577e9bdeaefc7d29&IMGID=50042373 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
{{div col end}}

==Assassination attempt==
{{main|20 July plot}}
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1984-079-02, Führerhauptquartier, Stauffenberg, Hitler, Keitel.jpg|thumb|left|[[Claus von Stauffenberg]] (left) meeting Adolf Hitler at the Wolf's Lair five days before the [[20 July plot]] in 1944]]
On Thursday 20 July 1944 an attempt was made to kill Hitler at the Wolf's Lair. It was organized by a group of acting and retired army officers, as well as some civilians, who wanted to remove Hitler and establish a new democratic government in Germany that would negotiate a peaceful end to the war with the Allies before Germany's inevitable defeat, which had become apparent to both sides by then. However, the main challenge facing the conspirators was that Hitler's habit of last-minute changes to his schedule had led to the failure of attempts by others to kill him.

Eventually, the conspirators chose the Wolf's Lair as a viable location to target Hitler because it was the only place where they were sure they could get close enough to kill him. Staff officer Colonel [[Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg|Claus von Stauffenberg]] volunteered to carry a bomb hidden in a briefcase into one of the daily military briefings usually held in the bunkers, in the hope that the heavy reinforcements of the bunkers could be turned against the {{lang|de|Führer}} through the shockwave of the blast reverberating off the heavily reinforced walls of the room and certainly killing him.

However, on the day of the planned assassination, the location of the meeting was unexpectedly changed to a light brick hut due to Hitler's complaints about the immense heat within the bunkers that day. This change in venue, along with other factors, such as Hitler unexpectedly calling the meeting earlier than anticipated, would contribute to the eventual failure of the plot. Despite this change in plans, Stauffenberg went ahead with carrying out the plot. He carried the briefcase containing the bomb into the conference hut, making a request to be placed close to Hitler on grounds that he had trouble hearing due to his [[Wounded in action|injuries]] sustained while fighting in North Africa, which would ensure that the bomb would be close enough to Hitler to be effective.

The bomb exploded at precisely 12:42&nbsp;p.m., with Stauffenberg having excused himself from the meeting a few minutes before. The interior of the building was devastated, four officers were injured and would later die of their wounds but Hitler was only slightly injured. This was due to the fact that one of the other officers present at the meeting had, for his own comfort, moved the briefcase from where it had been put by Stauffenberg close to Hitler and placed it against one of the legs of the solid oak table being used for the meeting. Consequently, the thick, heavy table absorbed most of the blast and this, along with the collapse of some of the hut's thin walls thus dissipating the shockwave, saved the {{lang|de|Führer}}'s life.

Even before the bomb detonated, Stauffenberg and his adjutant, Lieutenant [[Werner von Haeften]], had already begun their departure for [[Berlin]] where they planned to take control of the country alongside their fellow conspirators. Their escape involved passing through various security zones that controlled all access around the site. After a short delay at the RSD guard post just outside {{lang|de|Sperrkreis}} 1, they were allowed to leave by vehicle. The two officers were then driven down the southern exit road towards the military airstrip near Rastenburg.

[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1972-025-10, Hitler-Attentat, 20. Juli 1944.jpg|thumb|[[Hermann Göring]] surveys the conference room destroyed by the suitcase bomb left by [[Claus von Stauffenberg]] on 20 July 1944.]]
The alarm had been raised by the time they reached the guardhouse at the perimeter of {{lang|de|Sperrkreis}} 2.  According to the official [[SS-Reichssicherheitshauptamt|RSHA]] report, "at first, the guard refused passage until Stauffenberg persuaded him to contact the adjutant to the compound commander who then finally authorized clearance". It was between here and the final checkpoint of {{lang|de|Sperrkreis}} 3 that Haeften tossed another briefcase from the car containing an unused second bomb. The two men reached the outer limit of the security zones and were allowed to catch their plane back to [[Bendlerblock|army general headquarters]] in Berlin.

The attempted assassination was derived from [[Operation Valkyrie]], a covert plan officially sanctioned by Hitler for the [[Replacement Army|Reserve Army]] to take control and suppress any revolt in the country in the event of his untimely death, which the conspirators adapted to suit their purpose. Unfortunately for the conspirators, news soon arrived from the Wolf's Lair that Hitler was still alive. Upon hearing from Propaganda Minister [[Joseph Goebbels]] that Hitler was indeed alive, as well as speaking to the {{lang|de|Führer}} himself, Major [[Otto Ernst Remer]], in command of the Reserve Army's troops in Berlin still loyal to the regime, was fully convinced of Hitler's survival and he quickly re-established control of key government buildings and arrested the conspirators.

That same evening, Stauffenberg and his co-conspirators were summarily executed by gunshot outside the {{lang|de|[[Bendlerblock]]}} in Berlin.

On 20 August 1944, Hitler personally presented survivors of the bomb blast with a "20 July 1944 [[Wound Badge]]". Next-of-kin of those killed in the blast were also given this award.

==Destruction and capture==
[[File:Wolfsschanze, Gierloz, Poland 1.jpg|thumb|left|Enormous amounts of [[explosive]]s were used by the retreating Germans to blow up the Wolf's Lair [[bunker]]s. Here the explosion has lifted a bunker's roof, made of solid [[ferro-concrete]] two meters thick.]]
The [[Red Army]] reached the borders of [[East Prussia]] during the [[Baltic offensive]] in October 1944. Hitler departed from the Wolf's Lair for the final time on [[November 1944|Monday, 20 November 1944]], when the Soviet advance reached Angerburg (now [[Węgorzewo]]), {{convert|15|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} away. Two days later, the order was given to destroy the complex.

The demolition took place on the night of 24–25 January 1945, ten days after the start of the Red Army's [[Vistula–Oder offensive]]. Tons of explosives were used; one bunker required an estimated {{convert|8000|kg|lb|abbr=on}} of [[Trinitrotoluene|TNT]]. Most of the buildings were only partially destroyed due to their immense size and reinforced structures.

The Red Army captured the abandoned remains of the Wolf's Lair on 27 January without firing a shot, the same day that [[Auschwitz concentration camp|Auschwitz]] was [[Liberation of Auschwitz concentration camp|liberated]] farther south.

==Historical site==
[[File:Wilczy Szaniec, 08.jpg|thumb|right|Memorial to Polish Army sappers who demined the area in 1945–1955]]
Following the war, more than 54,000 land mines were removed from the area, together with abandoned ordnance, and the entire site was left to decay by [[Polish United Workers' Party|Poland's Communist government]]. Since the [[fall of Communism]] in the early 1990s, the Wolf's Lair has been developed as a tourist attraction.  Visitors can make day trips from [[Warsaw]] or [[Gdańsk]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.globotreks.com/destinations/poland/visit-wolfs-lair-warsaw/|title=How to Visit Wolf's Lair from Warsaw|date=13 December 2013}}</ref> Hotels and restaurants have grown up near the site.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wolfsschanze.pl/en/wolfs-lair-tourist-attractions/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150325023800/http://wolfsschanze.pl/index.php/tourism|url-status=dead|title=Wolf's Lair sightseeing and tourist attractions - what to see in Wolfsschanze|archive-date=25 March 2015}}</ref> Plans have periodically been proposed to restore the area, including the installation of historical exhibits.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/18/world/europe/restoring-the-walls-and-history-at-a-hitler-command-post.html|title=Restoring the Walls, and the History, at Hitler's Wolf's Lair|first=Joanna|last=Berendt|newspaper=The New York Times|date=17 September 2012}}</ref>

As of 2019, the site was drawing almost 300,000 visitors a year. The Srokowo Forest District, which manages the site, announced renovation and restoration plans for the historic site, including new accommodation options, expanded historical exhibitions, and other upgrades to improve visitor experience. Critics worried that the planned changes could turn the site into a place for neo-Nazi pilgrimages, although the District's spokesperson said that they would "make every effort" to maintain "due seriousness and respect for historical truth". Pawel Machcewicz, a Polish historian who specializes in World War II, said, "[T]he scars left by the war should be preserved and presented as a lesson, a warning&nbsp;... Exhibitions should explain the history, contextualise the place, but not completely overshadow it."<ref>Peter, Lawrence (31 July 2019) [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-49111787 "Wolf's Lair: Will Hitler HQ makeover create a Nazi theme park?"] ''[[BBC News]]''.</ref> 

In February 2023, the Srokowo Forest District officials announced that the renovation of the {{lang|pl|Wilczy Szaniec}} site had begun and is slated to be completed by the end of 2024. The project will include expanding and renovating the hotel and restaurant building, adding a new conference room, redesigning the exhibition space, as well as constructing a new observation deck.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Boguszewski |first=Marcin |date=2023-02-06 |title=Hotel i restauracja w 'Wilczym Szańcu' zostaną zmodernizowane |url=https://www.pap.pl/aktualnosci/news%2C1531796%2Cjedna-z-najwiekszych-atrakcji-turystycznych-mazur-wilczy-szaniec-czeka |access-date=2023-07-25 |website=Polska Agencja Prasowa |language=pl}}</ref>

In 2024, archaeologists exploring the complex's former living quarters of [[Hermann Göring]] reported discovering five human skeletons (three adults, a teenager and a baby believed to be a family) missing their hands and feet and lacking any traces of clothing or personal objects buried under the brick residence.<ref name="Grdn2024">{{cite news |last1=Cole |first1=Deborah |title=Five skeletons found under Wolf's Lair home of Hermann Göring in Poland |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/apr/30/five-skeletons-wolfs-lair-home-hermann-goring-poland |access-date=3 May 2024 |work=The Guardian |date=30 April 2024}}</ref> Alongside each of the skeletons [[Belemnites (genus)|thunderbolt stones]] ({{lang|de|Donnerkeil}})—bullet-shaped fossils of extinct squid-like creatures called belemnoids—were found.<ref>{{cite news |title=Human remains and occult symbols found in Hermann Göring's bunker |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/human-remains-and-occult-symbols-found-in-hermann-gorings-bunker-782gkbj9w |access-date=7 May 2024 |work=The Times |date=30 April 2024 |archive-date=30 April 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240430160351/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/human-remains-and-occult-symbols-found-in-hermann-gorings-bunker-782gkbj9w |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref><ref>Bill Yenne (2010). ''Hitler's Master of the Dark Arts: Himmler's Black Knights and the Occult Origins of the SS.'' Zenith Press. p. 69.</ref>

==See also==
* [[Führer Headquarters]]
* ''[[Führerbunker]]''
* [[Führersonderzug]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* [[Traudl Junge|Junge, Traudl]], ''"Bis Zur Letzten Stunde: Hitlers Sekretärin erzählt ihr Leben"'', München: Claassen, 2002, pp.&nbsp;131, 141, 162.
* [[Traudl Junge|Junge, Traudl]], ''"Until the Final Hour: Hitler's Last Secretary"'', London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2003, pp.&nbsp;116, 126, 145.
* [[Traudl Junge|Junge, Traudl]], ''"Voices from the Bunker"'', New York: G.P.Puttnam's sons, 1989.
* {{Cite book | last = Kershaw | first = Ian | author-link = Ian Kershaw | title = Hitler, 1936–45 | publisher = W.W. Norton | location = New York | year = 2000 | isbn = 978-0-393-04994-7 | url-access = registration | url = https://archive.org/details/hitler193645neme00kers }}
* [[Albert Speer|Speer, Albert]], ''"Inside the Third Reich"'', New York and Toronto: Macmillan, 1970, p.&nbsp;217.

==External links==
{{Commons category|Wolfsschanze|Wolf's Lair}}
* [http://www.wolfsschanze.pl/en/historia.html Wolf's Lair website]
* [http://www.battlefieldsww2.com/wolfs-lair.html Remnants of Wolf's Lair and how to find it...]

{{Adolf Hitler|state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Buildings and structures in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship]]
[[Category:East Prussia in World War II]]
[[Category:Führer Headquarters]]
[[Category:Kętrzyn County]]
[[Category:World War II sites in Poland]]
[[Category:World War II sites of Nazi Germany]]