Editing World Meteorological Organization

{{Short description|Specialized agency of the United Nations}}
{{Redirect|WMO}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}
{{Use Oxford spelling|date=August 2018}}
{{Infobox organization
| name         = World Meteorological Organization
| image         = World Meteorological Organization Logo.svg
| image_size    = 250px
| map        = 
| map_size   = 
| map_caption      = 
| type         = [[List of specialized agencies of the United Nations|United Nations specialized agency]]
| abbreviation     = WMO
| leader_title  = Head
| leader_name         = '''President''' <br /> [[Abdulla Al Mandous]], UAE<br /> <small>(since 2023)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://wmo.int/media/news/executive-council-opens-new-office-holders#:~:text=New%20WMO%20President%20Dr.,chaired%20the%20Executive%20Council%20meeting | title=Executive Council opens with new office holders |work=public.wmo.int | date=5 June 2023  |access-date=28 August 2023}}</ref> </small> <br /> '''Secretary-General'''<br /> [[Celeste Saulo]], Argentina<br /><small>since 2024</small>
| status       = Active
| formation  = {{start date and age|1950|3|23|df=yes}}
| headquarters = Geneva, Switzerland
| website      = {{URL|https://public.wmo.int/en|wmo.int}}
| parent_organization       = [[United Nations Economic and Social Council]]
| subsidiaries = 
| footnotes    = {{portal-inline|Politics|size=tiny}}
}}

The '''World Meteorological Organization''' ('''WMO''') is a [[List of specialized agencies of the United Nations|specialized agency]] of the [[United Nations]] responsible for promoting international cooperation on [[atmospheric science]], [[climatology]], [[hydrology]] and [[geophysics]].<ref name="UIA">{{Cite web |url=https://uia.org/s/or/en/1100031338 |url-access= |title=World Meteorological Organization (WMO) |author1=Staff writer |year=2024 |department=UIA Global Civil Society Database |website=uia.org |publisher=[[Union of International Associations]] |agency=Yearbook of International Organizations Online |location=Brussels, Belgium |access-date=24 December 2024 |url-status= |trans-quote= }}</ref><ref name="WMO history">{{cite web|date=2 February 2016|title=History of WMO|url=https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/who-we-are/history-of-wmo|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207215446/https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/who-we-are/history-of-wmo|url-status=dead|archive-date=7 December 2023|access-date=14 October 2018|website=World Meteorological Organization}}</ref>

The WMO originated from the [[International Meteorological Organization]] (IMO), a [[nongovernmental organization]] founded in 1873 as a forum for exchanging weather data and research.<ref name="who WMO">{{cite web|date=2 December 2015|title=Who we are|url=https://public.wmo.int/en/about-us/who-we-are|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160328025623/http://public.wmo.int/en/about-us/who-we-are|url-status=dead|archive-date=28 March 2016|access-date=14 October 2018|website=World Meteorological Organization}}</ref> Proposals to reform the status and structure of the IMO culminated in the World Meteorological Convention of 1947, which formally established the World Meteorological Organization.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://library.wmo.int/doc_num.php?explnum_id=10076 |access-date=2023-09-23|title=Basic Documents|website=library.wmo.int }}</ref> The Convention entered into force on 23 March 1950, and the following year the WMO began operations as an [[intergovernmental organization]] within the [[UN system]].

The WMO is made up of 193 countries and territories, and facilitates the "free and unrestricted" exchange of data, information, and research between the respective meteorological and hydrological institutions of its members.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-12-02|title=Who we are|url=https://public.wmo.int/en/about-us/who-we-are|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160328025623/http://public.wmo.int/en/about-us/who-we-are|url-status=dead|archive-date=28 March 2016|access-date=2020-08-27|website=World Meteorological Organization|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://public-old.wmo.int/en/resources/wmo-building-conference-centre |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215221739/https://public-old.wmo.int/en/resources/wmo-building-conference-centre |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 December 2023 |title=The WMO Building / Conference Centre|date=12 January 2016 |access-date=28 August 2023 |work=public.wmo.int}}</ref> It also collaborates with nongovernmental partners and other international organizations on matters related to [[environmental protection]], [[climate change]], resource management, and [[economic development|socioeconomic development]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-01-20 |title=What we do |url=https://public-old.wmo.int/en/our-mandate/what-we-do |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231127161055/https://public-old.wmo.int/en/our-mandate/what-we-do |url-status=dead |archive-date=27 November 2023 |access-date=2020-08-27 |website=World Meteorological Organization |language=en}}</ref>

Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, the WMO is governed by the World Meteorological Congress, composed of member states, which meets every four years to set policies and priorities. The Congress is led by an Executive Council led by the President, currently Abdulla Al Mandous of UAE.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://wmo.int/media/news/executive-council-opens-new-office-holders#:~:text=New%20WMO%20President%20Dr.,chaired%20the%20Executive%20Council%20meeting. |title=President |last=Al Mandous |first=Abdulla |date=2023 |website=WMO |publisher=World Meteorological Organization |access-date=3 July 2023}}</ref>

==Governance==
[[File:Gerhard Adrian at World Meteorological Organization.jpg|thumb|German meteorologist Gerhard Adrian, president of the World Meteorological Organization, in 2019]]
The WMO was established by the Convention of the World Meteorological Organization,<ref>{{cite web |title=Convention of the World Meteorological Organization |url=http://library.wmo.int/opac/doc_num.php?explnum_id=3137 |website=library.wmo.int/opac }}</ref> signed 11 October 1947 and ratified on 23 March 1950. The Convention serves as the constituent treaty of the WMO, setting forth its purposes, governance, and general framework.

The WMO hierarchy:
*The World Meteorological Congress,<ref>{{cite web |title=Governance {{!}} World Meteorological Organization |url=https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/governance |access-date=21 November 2024 |date=27 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231127161039/https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/governance |archive-date=27 November 2023 }}</ref> the supreme body of the Organization, determines policy. Each member state and territory is represented by a Permanent Representative with WMO when Congress meets every four years. Congress elects the President and vice-presidents of the Organization and members of the Executive Council; and appoints the Secretary-General. 
*The Executive Council (EC) implements Congress decisions. 
*The Secretariat is an eight-department organization with a staff of 200 headed by a Secretary-General, who can serve a maximum of two four-year terms.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wmo.int/pages/about/documents/1069_en.pdf |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130610184400/https://www.wmo.int/pages/about/documents/1069_en.pdf |title=WMO Strategic Plan |work=wmo.int |archivedate=10 June 2013}}</ref>

The annually published WMO Statement on the status of the World Climate<ref>{{cite web |title=WMO Statement on the status of the World Climate |url=http://library.wmo.int/opac/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97#.WOOzUnew1Bw |website=library.wmo.int }}</ref> provides details of global, regional and national temperatures and extreme weather events. It also provides information on long-term climate change indicators including atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases, sea level rise, and sea ice extent. The year 2016 was the hottest year on record, with many weather and climate extremes, according to the most recent WMO report.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://public-old.wmo.int/en/media/press-release/climate-breaks-multiple-records-2016-global-impacts |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231218181353/https://public-old.wmo.int/en/media/press-release/climate-breaks-multiple-records-2016-global-impacts |url-status=dead |archive-date=18 December 2023 |title = Climate breaks multiple records in 2016, with global impacts |work=public.wmo.int |date=20 March 2017 |access-date=28 August 2023}}</ref>

As of August 2023, the WMO has a membership of 193 member states and territories.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/members |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215221739/https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/members |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 December 2023 |title=Members |work=public.wmo.int |date=
2022 |access-date=28 August 2023}}</ref>

=== List of secretaries-general ===

* 1952–1955 [[Gustav Swoboda]] ({{flag|Switzerland}})<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-12-08 |title=Former Secretaries-General of WMO |url=https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/secretariat/previous-secretary-generals-of-wmo |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231218180116/https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/secretariat/previous-secretary-generals-of-wmo |url-status=dead |archive-date=18 December 2023 |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=public.wmo.int |language=en}}</ref>
* 1956–1979 [[David Arthur Davies]] ({{flag|United Kingdom}})
* 1980–1983 [[Aksel C. Wiin-Nielsen]] ({{flag|Denmark}})
* 1984–2003 [[Godwin Obasi]] ({{flag|Nigeria}})
* 2004–2015 {{Interlanguage link|Michel Jarraud|lt=Michel Jarraud|fr|Michel Jarraud}} ({{flag|France}})
* 2016–2023 [[Petteri Taalas]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-12-08 |title=The Secretariat |url=https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/secretariat |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215221740/https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/secretariat |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 December 2023 |access-date=2023-05-03 |website=public.wmo.int |language=en}}</ref> ({{flag|Finland}})
* 2024–present [[Celeste Saulo]]<ref>{{cite web |title=The Secretariat |url=https://wmo.int/about-wmo/secretariat |website=World Meteorological Organization |access-date=6 January 2024 |language=en |date=4 January 2023}}</ref> ({{flag|Argentina}})

==WMO Strategic Plan==
* Disaster risk reduction
* The Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS)
* The WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS)
* Aviation meteorological services
* Polar and high mountain regions
* Capacity development
* Governance

==Meteorological codes==
In keeping with its mandate to promote the standardization of meteorological observations, the WMO maintains numerous code forms for the representation and exchange of meteorological, oceanographical, and hydrological data. The traditional code forms, such as [[SYNOP]], [[CLIMAT]] and [[TEMP (meteorology)|TEMP]], are character-based and their coding is position-based. Newer WMO code forms are designed for portability, extensibility and universality. These are [[BUFR]], and, for gridded geo-positioned data, [[GRIB]].{{citation needed|date=May 2013}}

==Recognitions received==
In 2007, the [[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]] (IPCC), a joint creation of the WMO and the [[United Nations Environment Programme]] (UNEP), received the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] "for their efforts to build up and disseminate greater knowledge about [[Human impact on the environment|anthropogenic]] (man-made) [[climate change]], and to lay the foundations for the measures that are needed to counteract such change."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2007/press.html |title=IPCC Nobel Peace Prize |date=12 October 2007 |publisher=Nobel Prize Committee |access-date=20 February 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100109120132/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/2007/press.html |archive-date=9 January 2010 }}</ref>

==World Meteorological Day==
[[File:WMO Ženeva.jpg|thumb|upright|WMO headquarters in Geneva, shared with the IPCC and the [[Group on Earth Observations]]]]
The [[World Meteorological Day]] is held annually on 23 March.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://public-old.wmo.int/en/resources/world-meteorological-day |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231127161017/https://public-old.wmo.int/en/resources/world-meteorological-day |url-status=dead |archive-date=27 November 2023 |title=World Meteorological Day |date=5 February 2018 |publisher=World Meteorological Organization |access-date=2019-03-20}}</ref>

== Use of the International System of Units ==
WMO states that "the [[International System of Units]] (SI) should be used as the system of units for the evaluation of meteorological elements included in reports for international exchange."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.seedmech.com/documents_folder/wmo_no_8.pdf |title=World Meteorological Organization – Guide to Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation – Preliminary seventh edition – WMO-No. 8 – Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organization – Geneva – Switzerland – 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151123054426/http://www.seedmech.com/documents_folder/wmo_no_8.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2015 }}</ref> The following units, which include units which are not SI units, are recommended by the WMO for meteorological observations:
* [[Degrees Celsius]] (°C) for [[temperature]], or alternatively [[Kelvin]] (K).
* [[Metres per second]] (m/s) for [[wind speed]].
* [[Degree (angle)|Degrees]] clockwise from north (°) for [[wind direction]], or alternatively on the scale 0–36, where 36 is the wind directly from north and 09 is the directly wind from east.
* [[Pascal (unit)|Hectopascals]] (hPa) for [[atmospheric pressure]].
* Percent (%) for [[relative humidity]].
* Millimetres (mm) for [[precipitation]] (or the equivalent unit kilograms per square metre (kg/m<sup>2</sup>)).
* Millimetres (mm) for [[evaporation]].
* Millimetres per hour (mm/h) for [[Rain#Intensity|precipitation intensity]], or alternatively kilograms per square metre per second (kg m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>).
* Hours (h) for [[sunshine duration]].
* Metres (m) for [[visibility]].
* Metres (m) for [[cloud height]].
* [[Standard geopotential metre]] (m') for [[geopotential height]].
* Kilograms per square metre (kg/m<sup>2</sup>) for [[snow water equivalent]].
* [[Watt]]s per square metre (W/m<sup>2</sup>) for [[irradiance]].
* [[Joule]]s per square metre (J/m<sup>2</sup>) for [[radiant exposure]].
* [[Okta]]s for [[cloud cover]].

==Main public outreach materials==

* The World Meteorological Organization at a Glance<ref>{{cite web |title=The World Meteorological Organization at a Glance |url=https://library.wmo.int/idurl/4/53688 |website=library.wmo.int}}</ref>
* WMO for Youth<ref>{{cite web |title=WMO for Youth |url=https://youth.wmo.int |website=youth.wmo.int |access-date=21 November 2024}}</ref>
* WMO Bulletin (twice annually)<ref>{{cite web |title=WMO Bulletin |url=https://library.wmo.int/records/picture?search=&sort=-Year_iso%2C_score&perpage=20&page=1&fulltext=1&refine%5BLanguages_EN%5D%5B0%5D=English&refine%5BCollection%5D%5B0%5D=General%20Information%24%24%24WMO%20Bulletin&r= |website=library.wmo.int}}</ref>
* WMO Greenhouse Gas Bulletin (annually)<ref>{{cite web |title=Greenhouse Gas Bulletin |url=https://wmo.int/publication-series/greenhouse-gas-bulletin |website=World Meteorological Organization |access-date=21 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref>
* WMO Statements on the Status of the World Climate (annually)<ref>{{cite web |title=State of the Global Climate |url=https://wmo.int/publication-series/state-of-global-climate |website=World Meteorological Organization |access-date=21 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref>
* In September 2020 the WMO [[science communication|published]] a [[Information management|high-level brief compilation]] of the latest [[climate science]] information from the WMO, [[Global Carbon Project|GCP]], [[Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission|UNESCO-IOC]], [[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change|IPCC]], [[United Nations Environment Programme|UNEP]] and the [[Met Office]]. The ''United in Science 2020 Report'' is subdivided into 7 chapters, which each have a list of key messages.<ref>{{cite news |title=UN report: Covid crisis does little to slow climate change |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-54074733 |access-date=9 October 2020 |publisher=BBC News |date=9 September 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=United in Science 2020 |url=https://public-old.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215221742/https://public-old.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 December 2023 |website=World Meteorological Organization |access-date=9 October 2020 |language=en |date=19 September 2019}}</ref>

==WMO awards and prizes==
*International Meteorological Organization Prize<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://wmo.int/international-meteorological-organization-imo-prize|title=International Meteorological Organization (IMO) Prize |work=World Meteorological Organization|access-date=2017-04-04|language=en |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231203142101/https://wmo.int/international-meteorological-organization-imo-prize |archive-date= 3 December 2023 }}</ref>
*Professor Dr Vilho Väisälä Awards<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://wmo.int/professor-dr-vilho-vaisala-awards|title=Professor Dr Vilho Väisälä Awards |work=World Meteorological Organization|access-date=2017-04-04|language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203001505/https://wmo.int/professor-dr-vilho-vaisala-awards |archive-date= 3 December 2023 }}</ref>
*Norbert Gerbier-Mumm International Award (suspended in 2014)<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://public.wmo.int/en/about-us/awards/norbert-gerbier-mumm-international-award|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170107004110/https://public.wmo.int/en/about-us/awards/norbert-gerbier-mumm-international-award|url-status=dead|archive-date=7 January 2017|title=Norbert Gerbier-Mumm International Award|date=2015-12-09|work=World Meteorological Organization|access-date=2017-04-04|language=en}}</ref>
*WMO Research Award for Young Scientists<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://wmo.int/wmo-research-award-young-scientists|title=WMO Research Award for Young Scientists|date=2015-12-09|work=World Meteorological Organization|access-date=2017-04-04|language=en}}</ref>
*Professor Mariolopoulus Award<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://wmo.int/professor-mariolopoulos-award|title=Professor Mariolopoulos Award|date=2015-12-09|work=World Meteorological Organization|access-date=2017-04-04|language=en}}</ref>

== Membership ==
As of 2023, WMO Members include a total of 187 Member States and 6 Member Territories.<ref name=Members>{{cite web|title=WMO – Members|date=30 September 2015|url=https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/members|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215221739/https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/members|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 December 2023|publisher=World Meteorological Organization|access-date=6 March 2019}}</ref>

Eight United Nations member states are not members of WMO: [[Equatorial Guinea]], [[Grenada]], [[Liechtenstein]], [[Marshall Islands]], [[Palau]], [[Saint Kitts and Nevis]], [[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]] and [[San Marino]]. [[Cook Islands]] and [[Niue]] are WMO Members but non-members of the United Nations. [[Vatican City]] and [[State of Palestine]] and the [[List of states with limited recognition|states with limited recognition]] are not members of either organization.

The six{{clarify |reason=7 listed |date=March 2025}} WMO Member Territories are the [[British Overseas Territories|British]] Caribbean Territories (joint meteorological organization and membership),<ref name=Members /> [[French Polynesia]], Hong Kong, [[Macau]], [[Curaçao]] and [[Sint Maarten]] (joint meteorological service and membership)<ref name=Members /> and [[New Caledonia]].<ref>{{cite web |title=WMO Members |url=https://wmo.int/about-wmo/wmo-members |website=World Meteorological Organization |access-date=6 March 2025 |language=en |date=20 January 2023}}</ref>

=== Membership by regional associations ===
 [[File:WMO Regions.PNG|500 px|thumbnail|center|The member states of the World Meteorological Organization divided into the six regional associations, shown on a world map]]

====Regional Association I (Africa)====
Region I consists of the states of Africa and a few former colonial powers. Region I has 57 member states and no member territories:<ref>{{cite web|title=Members of Regional Association I (Africa)|url=https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/members?regions_tid=109|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231218182140/https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/members?regions_tid=109|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 December 2023|work=World Meteorological Organization|date = 30 September 2015|access-date=6 March 2017}}</ref>

{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
*Algeria
*Angola
*Benin
*Botswana
*Burkina Faso
*Burundi
*Cameroon
*Cape Verde
*Central African Republic
*Chad
*Comoros
*Republic of the Congo
*Côte d'Ivoire
*Democratic Republic of the Congo
*Djibouti
*Egypt
*Eritrea
*Eswatini<ref name="eswatini">As Swaziland until 2018.</ref>
*Ethiopia
*France
*Gabon
*The Gambia
*Ghana
*Guinea
*Guinea-Bissau
*Kenya
*Lesotho
*Liberia
*Libya
*Madagascar
*Malawi
*Mali
*Mauritania
*Mauritius
*Morocco
*Mozambique
*Namibia
*Niger
*Nigeria
*Portugal
*Rwanda
*São Tomé and Príncipe
*Senegal
*Seychelles
*Sierra Leone
*Somalia
*South Africa
*South Sudan
*Spain
*Sudan
*Tanzania, United Republic of
*Togo
*Tunisia
*Uganda
*Zambia
*Zimbabwe
}}
Non-member
*Equatorial Guinea

====Regional Association II (Asia)====
Region II has 33 member states and 2 member territories. The member states are:<ref>{{cite web|title=Members of Regional Association II (Asia)|url=https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/members?regions_tid=110|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231218182648/https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/members?regions_tid=110|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 December 2023|work=World Meteorological Organization|date = 30 September 2015|access-date=6 March 2017}}</ref>

{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|*Afghanistan
*Bahrain
*Bangladesh
*Bhutan
*Cambodia
*People's Republic of China
*India
*Iran, Islamic Republic of
*Iraq
*Japan
*Kazakhstan
*Kuwait
*Kyrgyzstan
*Lao People's Democratic Republic
*Maldives
*Mongolia
*Myanmar
*Nepal
*Democratic People's Republic of Korea
*Oman
*Pakistan
*Qatar
*Russian Federation
*Saudi Arabia
*Republic of Korea
*Sri Lanka
*Tajikistan
*Thailand
*Turkmenistan
*United Arab Emirates
*Uzbekistan
*Viet Nam
*Yemen
}}

The member territories are:

*Hong Kong 
*Macau

====Regional Association III (South America)====
Region III consists of the states of [[South America]], including France as [[French Guiana]] is an overseas region of France. It has a total of 13 member states and no member territories:<ref>{{cite web|title=Members of Regional Association III (South America)|url=https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/members?regions_tid=111|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231218183112/https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/members?regions_tid=111|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 December 2023|work=World Meteorological Organization|date = 30 September 2015|access-date=6 March 2017}}</ref>
{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
*Argentina
*Bolivia
*Brazil
*Chile
*Colombia
*Ecuador
*French Guiana
*Guyana
*Paraguay
*Peru
*Suriname
*Uruguay
*Venezuela
}}

====Regional Association IV (North America, Central America and the Caribbean)====
Region IV consists of the states of [[North America]], [[Central America]], and the [[Caribbean]], including three European states with dependencies within the region. It has a total of 25 member states and 2 member territories. The member states are:<ref>{{cite web|title=Members of Regional Association IV (North America, Central America and the Caribbean)|url=https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/members?regions_tid=112|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231218183827/https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/members?regions_tid=112|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 December 2023|work=World Meteorological Organization|date = 30 September 2015|access-date=6 March 2017}}</ref>

{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
*Antigua and Barbuda
*Bahamas
*Barbados
*Belize
*Canada
*Colombia
*Costa Rica
*Cuba
*Dominica
*Dominican Republic
*El Salvador
*France
*Guatemala
*Haiti
*Honduras
*Jamaica
*Mexico
*Netherlands
*Nicaragua
*Panama
*Saint Lucia
*Trinidad and Tobago
*United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
*United States of America
*Venezuela

The two member territories are:
* [[British Overseas Territories|British Caribbean Territories]]
*Curaçao and Sint Maarten

Non-members
*Grenada
*Saint Kitts and Nevis
*Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
}}

====Regional Association V (South-West Pacific)====
Region V consists of 23 member states and 2 member territories. The member states are:<ref>{{cite web|title=Members of Regional Association V (South-West Pacific)|url=https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/members?regions_tid=113|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231218172935/https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/members?regions_tid=113|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 December 2023|work=World Meteorological Organization|date = 30 September 2015|access-date=18 May 2019}}</ref>

{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
*Australia
*Brunei Darussalam
*Cook Islands
*Fiji
*Indonesia
*Kiribati
*Malaysia
*Federated States of Micronesia
*Nauru
*New Zealand
*Niue
*Papua New Guinea
*Philippines
*Samoa
*Singapore
*Solomon Islands
*Timor-Leste
*Tonga
*Tuvalu
*United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
*United States of America
*Vanuatu

The Cook Islands and Niue (both are in free association with New Zealand)

The member territories are:

*French Polynesia
*New Caledonia

Non-members
*Marshall Islands
*Palau
}}

====Regional Association VI (Europe)====
Region VI consists consist of all the states in Europe as well as some [[Western Asia]]. It has 50 member states:<ref>{{cite web|title=Members of Regional Association IV (Europe)|url=https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/members?regions_tid=114|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231218183900/https://public-old.wmo.int/en/about-us/members?regions_tid=114|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 December 2023|work=World Meteorological Organization|date = 30 September 2015|access-date=6 March 2017}}</ref>

{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
*Albania
*Andorra
*Armenia
*Austria
*Azerbaijan
*Belarus
*Belgium
*Bosnia and Herzegovina
*Bulgaria
*Croatia
*Cyprus
*Czech Republic
*Denmark
*Estonia
*Finland
*France
*Georgia
*Germany
*Greece
*Hungary
*Iceland
*Ireland
*Israel
*Italy
*Jordan
*Kazakhstan
*Latvia
*Lebanon
*Lithuania
*Luxembourg
*Malta
*Monaco
*Montenegro
*Netherlands
*North Macedonia<ref name="macedonia">Under the provisional designation "The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia" until 2019.</ref>
*Norway
*Poland
*Portugal
*Romania
*Republic of Moldova
*Russian Federation
*Serbia
*Slovakia
*Slovenia
*Spain
*Sweden
*Switzerland
*Syrian Arab Republic
*Turkey
*Ukraine
*United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Non-members
*Liechtenstein
*San Marino
}}

====States with membership in more than one region====
A total of ten member states have membership in more than one region. Two nations are members to four different regions, while eight are members of two regions. These nations, with their regions, are as follows:
{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
*France (Regions I, III, IV, and VI)
*United Kingdom (Regions I, IV, V, and VI)
*Colombia (Regions III and IV)
*Kazakhstan (Regions II and VI)
*Netherlands (Regions IV and VI)
*Portugal (Regions I and VI)
*Russia (Regions II and VI)
*Spain (Regions I and VI)
*United States (Regions IV and V)
*Venezuela (Regions III and IV)
}}

== See also ==
*[[Aircraft Meteorological Data Relay]] (AMDAR)
*[[Cloud atlas]]
*[[Global Atmospheric Research Program]] (GARP)
*[[Global Climate Observing System]]
*[[International Cloud Atlas]]
*[[Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Wikisource|Convention of the World Meteorological Organization}}
{{Commons category|World Meteorological Organization}}
* {{Official website}}
* {{cite web |url=https://severeweather.wmo.int/ |title=Severe World Weather website |publisher=WMO}}
* {{cite web |url= http://icoads.noaa.gov/metadata/wmo47/wmo_quarterly/47CodeTables9903.html |title= International List of Selected, Supplementary and Auxiliary Ships |id = Pub 47 |year = 1999 |publisher= [[International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set]] (ICOADS) |quote= '''Including country codes''' }}
* {{cite web |url=https://gfcs.wmo.int//wwc_3 |title=World Climate Conference-3 (WCC-3) |date=Aug 2009 |publisher=WMO}}

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