Editing Ystad

{{short description|Town in Scania, Sweden}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name          = Ystad
|image_skyline          = {{Photomontage |border=0 |size=275 |spacing=2 |color=none |photo1a=Ystad stortorget.jpg |photo2a=Apotekshusen i Ystad.jpg |photo2b=Ystad Saltsjöbad.jpg}}
|image_caption          = 
|image_shield           = Ystad kommunvapen - Riksarkivet Sverige.png
|pushpin_map            = Sweden Scania#Sweden#European Union
|pushpin_label_position = 
|subdivision_type       = [[Country]]
|subdivision_name       = [[Sweden]]
|subdivision_type3      = [[Municipalities of Sweden|Municipality]]
|subdivision_name3      = [[Ystad Municipality]]
|subdivision_type2      = [[Counties of Sweden|County]]
|subdivision_name2      = [[Scania County]]
|subdivision_type1      = [[Provinces of Sweden|Province]]
|subdivision_name1      = [[Scania]]
|area_footnotes         = <ref name=scb>{{cite web |url=http://www.scb.se/Statistik/MI/MI0810/2010A01/Tatorternami0810tab1_4.xls |title=Tätorternas landareal, folkmängd och invånare per km<sup>2</sup> 2005 och 2010 |date=14 December 2011 |publisher=[[Statistics Sweden]] |language=sv |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120127055525/http://www.scb.se/Statistik/MI/MI0810/2010A01/Tatorternami0810tab1_4.xls |archive-date=27 January 2012 |url-status=live |access-date=10 January 2012 }}</ref>
|area_total_km2         = 8.65
|population_as_of       = 31 December 2015
|population_footnotes   = <ref name=scb />
|population_total       = 28,985 <!-- This is the official figure from Statistics Sweden (Statistiska centralbyrån). -->
|population_density_km2 = 2120
|timezone               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
|utc_offset             = +1
|timezone_DST           = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
|utc_offset_DST         = +2
|coordinates            = {{coord|55|25|N|13|50|E|region:SE|display=inline,title}}
|website                = 
}}
[[File:Gästhamn - Ystad-2015.jpg|thumb|The [[marina]] in the summer of 2015]]
'''Ystad''' ({{IPA|sv|ˈy̌ːsta(d)}}<ref>{{cite book|url=https://runeberg.org/ortnamn/0032.html|author1=Jöran Sahlgren|author2=Gösta Bergman|title=Svenska ortnamn med uttalsuppgifter|language=sv|year=1979|page=28}}</ref>) is a [[Urban areas in Sweden|town]] and the seat of [[Ystad Municipality]], in [[Scania County]], [[Sweden]]. Ystad had 18,350 inhabitants in 2010.<ref name=scb /> The settlement dates from the 11th century and has become a busy ferryport, local administrative centre, and tourist attraction.

==Etymology==
In 1285, the town's name was written ''Ystath''. Its original meaning is not fully understood, but the ''y'' probably is related to an old word for the [[taxus|yew tree]],<ref>Svenskt ortnamnslexikon, 2003</ref> while ''stad'' means ''town'' or ''place''.

==History ==
[[File:Map Ystad Sweden.jpg|left|thumb|upright|Street plan of Ystad in {{circa|1850}}.]]
After the time of [[Absalon]], Bishop of Roskilde and Archbishop of [[Lund]], peace was brought to the area in the 11th century, fishing families settled at the mouth of the river Vassa as herring fishing became the main source of trade. Ystad was not mentioned in documents until 1244, in a record of [[Eric IV of Denmark|King Eric]]'s visit to the town with his brother, [[King Abel of Denmark|Abel]]. A [[Franciscan order|Franciscan monastery]], [[Greyfriars Abbey, Ystad|''Gråbrödraklostret'']], was founded in 1267, and Ystad joined the [[Hanseatic League]] in the 14th century.

The charter of 1599 gave the town the right to [[export]] oxen. Ystad, together with all of [[Scania]], was transferred from [[Denmark]] to Sweden following the [[Treaty of Roskilde]] in 1658.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ystad's history in a nutshell|publisher=Ystads kommun|year=2011|url=http://www.ystad.se/Ystadweb.nsf/AllDocuments/A84A3B6C752E3CFCC12573090050C9C1|access-date=5 August 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927034654/http://www.ystad.se/Ystadweb.nsf/AllDocuments/A84A3B6C752E3CFCC12573090050C9C1|archive-date=27 September 2011}}</ref><ref name=pop />

By 1866 Ystad had a [[railway]] connection and it was established as a [[garrison]] town in the 1890s. After [[World War II]], [[ferry]] services to [[Świnoujście]] [[Poland]] and to the Danish island of [[Bornholm]] were opened.

==Demographics==
In 1658, Ystad's population was about 1,600 and, by 1850 it had reached 5,000. The increased importance brought by the railway and the garrison in the 1890s drove the population above 10,000.<ref name=pop>{{cite web|title=Ystads befolkningsutveckling 1570-1995 (Swedish)|publisher=cybercity|year=2011|url=http://www2.historia.su.se/urbanhistory/cybcity/stad/ystad/befolkning.htm|access-date=6 August 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716081930/http://www2.historia.su.se/urbanhistory/cybcity/stad/ystad/befolkning.htm|archive-date=16 July 2011}}</ref>

==Infrastructure==

===Economy===
Some of the main industries of the town are trade, handicraft and tourism, derived from being one of the best-preserved medieval towns in the Scania province and its association with the Wallander detective novels. {{Citation needed|date=March 2020}}

===Transport===
[[File:Ystad terminal.JPG|thumb|The ferry terminal, and behind it, [[Ystad railway station]]]]
The ferry port has services to the Danish island of [[Bornholm]], to [[Sassnitz]] in Germany,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ferry Germany – Sweden |url=https://www.frs-baltic.com/en/ferry-germany-sweden |access-date=12 July 2021 |publisher=[[Förde Reederei Seetouristik|FRS Baltic]]}}</ref> and to [[Świnoujście]] in [[Poland]], the latter forming part of the [[European route E65|E65]] road route south from Malmö.

Ystad connects the [[Ystad Line]] and [[Österlen Line]] railways. Passenger traffic runs between [[Malmö]] and [[Simrishamn]] (operated by [[Skåne Commuter Rail]]). Until December 2017, a direct train service linked Ystad to [[Copenhagen]] via the [[Øresund Bridge]] (operated by [[Danish State Railways]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Last direct train to Copenhagen (Swedish)|publisher=DSB |date=11 December 2017|url=https://www.ystadsallehanda.se/ystad/sista-direkttaget-rullade-ivag/ |access-date=4 May 2020}}</ref>).

===Sports===
The most popular sport in Ystad is [[team handball|handball]], with two big clubs. Ystads IF is in [[Elitserien (men's handball)|Elitserien]] (the highest Swedish men's national league, {{As of|2008|lc=y}}) whilst IFK Ystad is situated in Division 1 (the second highest league, {{As of|2008|lc=y}}). Several famous handball players have played for these clubs, including [[Per Carlén]].

===Media===
The only newspaper published at present in Ystad is the ''Ystads Allehanda'', which also covers the neighbouring municipalities of [[Skurup]], [[Tomelilla]], [[Simrishamn]] and [[Sjöbo]]. The newspaper was founded in 1873.<ref>[http://www.ystadsallehanda.se/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20040727/INFORMATION/40720009/1240&ExpNodes=1511 Ystads Allehanda site]</ref>

===Places of interest===
[[File:Ystad Kloster.JPG|thumb|[[Greyfriars Abbey, Ystad|The Greyfriars Abbey]]]]
[[File:Bronze wagon for Vase or Vessel from bronze age Scania Sweden.jpg|thumb|Bronze Age cult wagon model from Ystad|207x207px]]
One of Sweden's best preserved medieval monasteries, the [[Greyfriars Abbey, Ystad|Greyfriars Abbey]], lies in Ystad. The town also has an additional large medieval church, the [[St. Mary's Church, Ystad|Church of the Virgin Mary]] (''Mariakyrkan''). Both are highly influenced by [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] [[Hanseatic League|Hansa]] architecture (which can also be seen in churches around the [[Baltic Sea]], for instance in [[Helsingborg]], [[Malmö]], and [[Rostock]]) and are among the best examples in Sweden of [[Brick Gothic]]. In addition, there are areas of surviving medieval town architecture, like the Latin school (built {{circa|1500}}) and several townhouses. The city is also included in the [[European Route of Brick Gothic]]. 

From the steeple of the Church of the Virgin Mary the Tower Watchman (tornväktaren or lurblåsaren) sounds his horn every 15 minutes from 21:15 to 01:00 to let the people of Ystad know that the town is safe from fire and enemies. The Tower Watchman also says a special line when sounding his horn: "The clock strikes .... (for example twelve). All is quiet from fire and thieves! May God preserve the town!" The tradition has existed since the eighteenth century.

==In culture==
In his novel ''[[Inferno (Strindberg novel)|Inferno]]'' (1897), August Strindberg describes Ystad like so:

<blockquote>The little town to which I now betook myself lies in the extreme south of Sweden, on the seacoast. It is an old pirates' and smugglers' haunt, in which exotic traces of all parts of the world have been left by various voyagers.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Strindberg|first=August|date=1913 |translator=Claud Field |title=The Inferno |url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/44108/44108-h/44108-h.htm|access-date=2021-01-09 |via=Project Gutenberg |publisher=G.P. Putnam's Sons |publication-place=New York and London}}</ref></blockquote>

Ystad is the setting of the Swedish crime drama ''[[Kurt Wallander|Wallander]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://visitsweden.com/wallanders-ystad/|title=Wallander's Ystad |publisher=Visit Sweden|access-date=2018-12-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ystad.se/kultur/film-i-ystad/ysvc/ysvc-en/exhibition/wallander/|title=Wallander - Ystads kommun |publisher=ystad.se|access-date=2018-12-12}}</ref>

==Notable people==
*[[Richard Andersson]] (born 1972), musician and songwriter
*[[Malik Bendjelloul]] (1977–2014), documentary filmmaker
*[[Frank Björklund]] (born 1960), painter and printmaker
*[[Axel Fredrik Bjurström]] (1846–1890) newspaper publisher, businessman
*[[Rolf Holmgren]] (born 1946), actor and scriptwriter
*[[Ernst-Hugo Järegård]] (1928–1998), actor
*[[Frans Jeppsson Wall|Frans Jeppsson-Wall]] (born 1998), singer
*[[Clara Lachmann]] (1864–1920), patron of the arts
*[[Börje Langefors]] (1915–2009), computer scientist
*[[Lykke Li]] (born 1986), singer-songwriter
*[[Sara Li]] born Sara Linnea Larsson (born 1988), singer
*[[Gunnar Malmquist]] (1893–1982), astronomer
*[[Greta Molander]] (1908–2002), rally driver and writer
*[[Anna Q. Nilsson]] (1888–1974), American actress
*[[Elin Rubensson]] (born 1993), footballer 
*[[Michael Saxell]] (born 1956), songwriter, artist, and producer
*[[Jahn Teigen]] (1949–2020), Norwegian singer, musician, and comedian
*[[Markus Persson]] (born 1979), video game programmer and designer, creator of [[Minecraft]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Ystad}}
{{wikivoyage|Ystad}}
*{{official|http://www.ystad.se/}} of the municipality
*[http://www.ystadsallehanda.se/ Ystads Allehanda's website]
*{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Ystad|short=x}}

{{Localities in Ystad Municipality}}
{{Skåne County}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Ystad| ]]
[[Category:Populated places in Ystad Municipality]]
[[Category:Municipal seats of Skåne County]]
[[Category:Swedish municipal seats]]
[[Category:Port cities and towns of the Baltic Sea]]
[[Category:Populated places established in the 11th century]]
[[Category:Coastal cities and towns in Sweden]]
[[Category:13th-century establishments in Scania]]
[[Category:Cities in Sweden]]