Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates {{#invoke:Infobox|infobox}}Template:Template other{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters | check | showblankpositional=1 | unknown = Template:Main other | preview = Page using Template:Infobox software with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y | AsOf | author | background | bodystyle | caption | collapsetext | collapsible | developer | discontinued | engine | engines | genre | included with | language | language count | language footnote | latest preview date | latest preview version | latest release date | latest release version | latest_preview_date | latest_preview_version | latest_release_date | latest_release_version | licence | license | logo | logo alt | logo caption | logo upright | logo size | logo title | logo_alt | logo_caption | logo_upright | logo_size | logo_title | middleware | module | name | operating system | operating_system | other_names | platform | programming language | programming_language | released | replaced_by | replaces | repo | screenshot | screenshot alt | screenshot upright | screenshot size | screenshot title | screenshot_alt | screenshot_upright | screenshot_size | screenshot_title | service_name | size | standard | title | ver layout | website | qid }}Template:Main other Template:Infobox file format MacPaint is a raster graphics editor developed by Apple Computer and released alongside the original Macintosh personal computer on January 24, 1984.<ref name=":1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> It was sold bundled with its word processing counterpart, MacWrite, for US$195.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> MacPaint was notable because it could generate graphics that could be used by other applications. It taught consumers what a graphics-based system could do by using the mouse, the clipboard, and QuickDraw picture language.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="nyt" /> Pictures could be cut from MacPaint and pasted into MacWrite documents.<ref name="nyt">.Template:Cite news</ref>
The original MacPaint was developed by Bill Atkinson, a member of Apple's original Macintosh development team.<ref name="time">Template:Cite magazine</ref> Early development versions of MacPaint were called MacSketch, still retaining part of the name of its roots, LisaSketch.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> It was later developed by Claris, the software subsidiary of Apple which was formed in 1987. The last version of MacPaint was version 2.0, released in 1988. It was discontinued by Claris in 1998 because of diminishing sales.<ref name="discontinued">Template:Cite magazine</ref>
DevelopmentEdit
MacPaint was written by Bill Atkinson, a member of Apple's original Macintosh development team.<ref name="time"/> The original MacPaint program consisted of 5,804 lines of Pascal computer code, augmented by another 2,738 lines of 68000 assembly language.Template:Sfnp MacPaint's user interface was designed by Susan Kare, also a member of the Macintosh team.<ref name="kare">Template:Cite magazine</ref> Kare also beta-tested MacPaint before release.<ref name="kare"/>
MacPaint allows users to edit a 576-by-720 pixel, 72-dpi bitmap (slightly wider than the screen, and slightly more than twice as tall as the screen). A occupies most of the screen real estate, offering a viewport into a portion of the bitmap, with toolbars and pattern palettes around it.Template:Cn
MacPaint uses two offscreen memory buffers to avoid flicker when dragging shapes or images across the screen.<ref name="buffer">Template:Harvp</ref> One of these buffers contained the existing pixels of a document, and the other contained the pixels of its previous state.<ref name="buffer"/> The second buffer was used as the basis of the software's undo feature.<ref name="buffer"/> In April 1983, the software's name was changed from MacSketch to MacPaint.Template:Sfnp The original MacPaint was programmed as a single-document interface. The palette positions and sizes were unalterable, as was the document window. This differed from other Macintosh software at the time, which allowed users to move windows and resize them.
FatBitsEdit
The original MacPaint did incorporate a double zoom function. Instead of a zoom function, a special magnification mode called FatBits was used. FatBits showed each pixel as a clickable rectangle with a white border. The FatBits editing mode set the standard for many future editors.Template:Sfnp MacPaint included a "Goodies" menu which included the FatBits tool. This menu had been named the "Aids" menu in prerelease versions, but was renamed "Goodies" as public awareness of the AIDS epidemic grew in the summer of 1983.Template:Sfnp<ref name=":0">Template:Citation</ref>
Release and version historyEdit
MacPaint was first advertised in an 18-page brochure in December 1983, following the earlier announcement of the Macintosh 128K.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The Macintosh was released on January 24, 1984,<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> with two applications, MacPaint and MacWrite. For a special post-election edition of Newsweek in November 1984, Apple spent more than US$2.5 million to buy all 39 of the advertising pages in the issue. The Newsweek advertisement included many pages dedicated to explaining how MacWrite and MacPaint worked together.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> After launch, a New York Times reviewer noted how MacPaint unfolded numerous graphic possibilities for the personal computer; he went further to say "it is better than anything else of its kind offered on personal computers by a factor of 10."<ref name="nyt"/>
MacPaint 2.0 was released on January 11, 1988, by Claris.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> It added many improvements to the software, including the capability to open and use up to nine documents simultaneously.<ref name="claris">Template:Cite magazine</ref> The original MacPaint operated as a single-document application with an immovable window. MacPaint 2.0 eliminated this limitation, introducing a fully functioning document window, which could be sized up to 8 x 10".<ref name="claris"/> Several other features were introduced, such as a Zoom tool, MagicEraser tool for undo actions and stationary documents.<ref name="claris"/> MacPaint 2.0 was developed by David Ramsey, a developer at Claris.<ref name="ramsey">Template:Cite news</ref> MacPaint 2.0 was sold for US$125, with a US$25 upgrade available for existing users of MacPaint.<ref name="claris"/> Claris discontinued technical support for the original MacPaint in 1989.<ref name="claris2">Template:Cite news</ref> Claris stopped selling MacPaint in early 1998 because of diminishing sales.<ref name="discontinued"/> There has been an unofficial update called MacPaint X which is 3.0 beta, mainly for people who wished to be able to use the program.
Since 2010, MacPaint 1.3's source code (written in a combination of Assembly and Pascal) has been available through the Computer History Museum,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> along with the QuickDraw source code, a library to draw bitmapped graphics,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> due to the support of Steve Jobs.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
MacPaint inspired other companies to release similar products for other platforms;<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> within a year a half-dozen clones existed for the Apple II and IBM PC.<ref name="bartimo19850225">Template:Cite magazine</ref> Some of these included Broderbund's Dazzle Draw for the Apple II, Mouse Systems' PCPaint for the PC, and IBM's Color Paint for the IBM PCjr.<ref name="newbreeds">Template:Cite magazine</ref>
Version historyEdit
| Version | Release date | Release information | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0 | January 24, 1984 | Initial release with System Software 1.0<ref>Apple's new MacIntosh: specs</ref> | |
| 1.3 | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
Released with System Software 1.1<ref>Mac Finder..etc.. upgrade available FREE</ref> |
| 1.4 | September 1984 | Released with Macintosh 512K | |
| 1.5 | April 1985 | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
| 2.0 | January 1988<ref>MacExpo: Bursting at the seams</ref> | Last release |
ReferencesEdit
External linksEdit
- MacPaint Evolution from folklore.org
- Source code of MacPaint in the Computer History Museum
- Macpaint.org, a historical collection of Macpaint images
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