Martin Archer Shee

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Sir Martin Archer Shee Template:Post-nominals (23 December 1769 – 13 August 1850) was an Irish portrait painter. He also served as the president of the Royal Academy.

Early lifeEdit

He was born in Dublin, of an old Irish Roman Catholic family, the son of Martin Shee, a merchant, who regarded the profession of a painter as an unsuitable occupation for a descendant of the Shees. His son Martin nevertheless studied art in the Royal Dublin Society and came to London. There, in 1788, he was introduced by Edmund Burke<ref>THE EUROPEAN MAGAZINE, AND LONDON REVIEW: ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE LITERATURE, HISTORY, BIOGEAPHY, POLITICS, ART, MANNERS, AND AMUSEMENTS OF THE AGE.</ref> to Joshua Reynolds, on whose advice he studied in the schools of the Royal Academy of Arts.

CareerEdit

In 1789, he exhibited his first two pictures, the Head of an Old Man and Portrait of a Gentleman. Over the next ten years he steadily increased in practice. He was chosen an associate of the Royal Academy in 1798.

In 1789, he married Mary, eldest daughter of James Power of Youghal, and in 1800 he was elected a Royal Academician. He moved to George Romney's former house at 32 Cavendish Square, and set up as his successor. In addition to his portraits he executed various subjects and historical works, such as Lavinia, Belisarius, his diploma picture Prospero and Miranda, and the Daughter of Jephthah.Template:Cn

WritingEdit

File:William IV by Sir Martin Archer Shee.jpg

Portrait of the Duke of Clarence. Portrait of William, Duke of Clarence, 1800

File:Portrait of Henry Grattan -Martin Archer Shee .PNG

Portrait of the Irish politician Henry Grattan, a friend of Archer Shee.

In 1805 he published a poem consisting of Rhymes on Art, and a second part followed in 1809. Lord Byron spoke well of it in his English Bards and Scotch Reviewers. Shee published another small volume of verse in 1814, entitled The Commemoration of Sir Joshua Reynolds, and other Poems, but this was less successful. He also produced a tragedy, Alasco, set in Poland. The play was accepted at Covent Garden, but was refused a licence, on the grounds that it contained treasonable allusions, and Shee angrily resolved to make his appeal to the public. He carried out his threat in 1824, but Alasco was still on the list of unacted dramas in 1911. He also published two novels – Oldcourt (1829, in three volumes) and Cecil Hyde (1834).Template:Cn

On the death of Sir Thomas Lawrence in 1830, Shee was chosen president of the Royal Academy in his stead and shortly afterwards received a knighthood. In 1831, he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society. Template:Cn

In an examination before the parliamentary committee of 1836 concerning the functions of the Royal Academy, he ably defended its rights. He continued to paint till 1845, when illness made him retire to Brighton. He was deputised for at the Academy by J. M. W. Turner, who had appointed him a trustee of the projected Turner almshouse. From 1842 to 1849, he was the first president of the Birmingham Society of Artists.<ref name="RBSA-1933-Spring">Template:Cite journal</ref>

DeathEdit

Shee died in Brighton in 1850 and was buried in the western extension to St Nicholas' Churchyard in Brighton. His headstone remains, but has been laid flat and moved to the perimeter of the site.<ref name="Dale8">Template:Cite book</ref>

Personal lifeEdit

{{ safesubst:#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= Template:Ambox }} Shee had three sons, who became successful barristers, and three daughters.

Descendants of one of the sons was George Archer-Shee, whose story inspired The Winslow Boy, a play written by Sir Terence Rattigan and his older half-brother, Martin Archer-Shee MP.

Shee's descendant, Mary Archer-Shee, supports the campaign for the fulfilment of Turner's wishes for his bequests.

Written works by Shee (selected)Edit

Elements of art, a poem; in six cantos (1809)
Rhymes on Art; Or, The Remonstrance of a Painter: in Two Parts (1809)
The Commemoration of Reynolds: In Two Parts (1814)
Oldcourt: Volume 1, Volume 2, Volume 3 (London : H. Colburn, 1829)
Alasco: A Tragedy, in Five Acts (Sherwood, Jones, and co., 1824).

GalleryEdit

Martin Archer Shee - John Philip Kemble - 1925.587 - Art Institute of Chicago.jpg

John Philip Kemble, c.1795
Anne Luttrell duchess of Cumberland and Strathearn.jpg

Duchess of Cumberland, c.1795
Sir Martin Archer Shee portrait Anna Margaretta Larpent in a white dress with a blue sash.jpg

Anna Larpent, c.1800
John Henry Johnstone portrait.png

John Henry Johnstone, 1803
Portrait of the 6th Duke of Devonshire (Archer Shee).png

Marquess of Hartington, 1806
Sir Thomas Picton by Sir Martin Archer Shee.jpg

Thomas Picton, 1812
Henry Vassall Webster.jpg

Henry Vassall Webster, c.1814
Edward Kerrison.png

Edward Kerrison, 1814
Martin Archer Shee - William Roscoe - Google Art Project.jpg

William Roscoe, c.1815-17
Sharon Turner by Sir Martin Archer Shee.jpg

Sharon Turner, 1817
Sir Thomas Munro, 1st Bt by Sir Martin Archer Shee.jpg

Thomas Munro, 1819
Jane, Lady Munro by Sir Martin Archer Shee.jpg

Lady Munro, 1819
The Painter's Son.png

The Painter's Son, 1820
Alexander Macdonell.jpg

Alexander Macdonell, 1823
Thomas Denman, 1st Baron Denman by Sir Martin Archer Shee.jpg

Lord Denman, 1832
Sir Martin Archer Shee (1769-1850) - Richard Colley Wellesley, Marquess Wellesley (1760-1842) - RCIN 404332 - Royal Collection.jpg

Marquess Wellesley, 1832
William IV in 1833 by Shee cropped.jpg

Portrait of William IV, 1833
Martin Archer Shee (1769-1850) - John Cust (1779–1853), 1st Earl Brownlow, GCH, FRS, MP - 436206 - National Trust.jpg

Lord Brownlow, c.1835
Sir Martin Archer Shee (1769-1850) - Henry Paget (1768-1854), 2nd Earl of Uxbridge and 1st Marquess of Anglesey - RCIN 401453 - Royal Collection.jpg

Marquess of Anglesey, 1836
Shee - Queen Adelaide - Royal Collection.jpg

Portrait of Queen Adelaide, 1836
Sir Francis Burdett, 5th Bt by Sir Martin Archer Shee.jpg

Sir Francis Burdett, 1843

BibliographyEdit

Martin Archer Shee, The Life of Sir Martin Archer Shee, Volume 1, Volume 2 (London: Longman, Green, Longman, and Roberts, 1860).<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

NotesEdit

Template:Reflist

ReferencesEdit

Template:Cite EB1911

External linksEdit

Template:Sister project

Template:Art UK bio
Sir Martin Archer Shee online (ArtCyclopedia)
Biography of M. A. Shee (Encyclopedia of Irish and World Art)
William Archer Shee, the artist's son (Oil on canvas, Ca. 1820 – Metropolitan Museum of Art)
Portrait by Thomas Bridgford

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