Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Use British English Template:Infobox UK place East Sheen, also known as Sheen, is a suburb in south-west London<ref name="GLA 2002">Template:Cite book</ref> in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames.
Its long high street has shops, offices, restaurants, cafés, pubs and suburban supermarkets and is also the economic hub for Mortlake of which East Sheen was once a manor. This commercial thoroughfare, well served by public transport, is the Upper Richmond Road West which connects Richmond to Putney. Central to this street is The Triangle, a traffic island with a war memorial and an old milestone<ref name="Visit"/> dating from 1751, marking the Template:Convert distance to Cornhill in the City of London.<ref name="Waymarking">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
The main railway station serving the area, Mortlake, is centred Template:Convert north of this. Sheen has a mixture of low-rise and mid-rise buildings and it has parks and open spaces including its share of Richmond Park, accessed via Sheen Gate; Palewell Common, which has a playground, playing fields, tennis courts and a pitch and putt course; and East Sheen Common which is owned by the National Trust<ref name="Visit">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and leads into Bog Gate, another gate of Richmond Park.
Sheen Lane runs south from the junction of Mortlake High Street and Lower Richmond Road, over the level crossing at Mortlake station and the crossroads at Upper Richmond Road West, and up the hill to East Sheen Gate.
EtymologyEdit
The earliest recorded use of the name is c. 950 as Sceon and means shed or shelters. The area was designated separately from Sheen (an earlier name for Richmond) from the 13th century, as the southern manor of Mortlake.<ref name=ADMills>Template:Cite book</ref>
Local politicsEdit
East Sheen is in the Richmond Park constituency. The Member of Parliament is Sarah Olney of the Liberal Democrats.
Every four years, residents elect three councillors to Richmond upon Thames Council. East Sheen was traditionally a safe Conservative ward, but in the 2022 elections three Liberal Democrats were elected.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
East Sheen Ward borders the railway at Mortlake station, and includes a large slice of Richmond Park, extending south to Robin Hood Gate by the A3 road.
HistoryEdit
Manor and hamlet statusEdit
East Sheen was a hamlet in the parish of Mortlake: Template:Quote
Earliest references specifically to the present area of land, rather than references to parts of Mortlake, emerge in the 13th century, generally under its early name of Westhall. Originally one carucate, it was sold in 1473 by Michael Gaynsford and Margaret his wife in the right of Margaret to William Welbeck, citizen and haberdasher, of London. The Welbecks held it until selling in 1587. Later owners of what remained, the Whitfields, Juxons and Taylors were equally not titled, as with Mortlake's manorial owners, nor had an above average size or lavish manor house.<ref name=m/>
Development of the Temple Grove, Palmerston country estateEdit
The southern estate of Temple Grove, East Sheen, first belonged to Sir Abraham Cullen, who was created a baronet in 1661. He died in 1668, and his first son Sir John in 1677. His second son Sir Rushout Cullen seems to have sold the estate shortly afterwards to Sir John Temple, attorney-general of Ireland, brother to Sir William Temple, diplomat and author, who was earlier of adjoining West Sheen, giving the home his name. It belonged to the Temples until Henry Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, who later would serve as Foreign Secretary and Prime Minister, sold it soon after coming of age in 1805. It was bought by Sir Thomas Bernard, who rebuilt the Jacobean style front of the house shown in a drawing hung in the house of 1611. Sir Thomas sold it about 1811 to Rev. William Pearson who founded the Temple Grove Preparatory School for boys. The school moved in 1907 to Eastbourne and the estate was given over to house and apartment builders.<ref name=m>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
AdministrationEdit
East Sheen was included in the Metropolitan Police District in 1840. Before 1900, Mortlake developed a secular vestry to help administer poor relief, maintain roads, ditches and other affairs.<ref name=mortlake>IGEW John Marius Wilson: Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales (1870–72)</ref> From 1892 to 1894 Mortlake (including East Sheen) formed part of the expanded Municipal Borough of Richmond.<ref name=mortlake_parish>Vision of Britain – Mortlake parish Template:Webarchive (historic map Template:Webarchive)</ref> In 1894, nearby North Sheen was created as a civil parish, being split off from Mortlake and remaining in the Municipal Borough of Richmond.<ref name=north_sheen>Vision of Britain – North Sheen parish Template:Webarchive (historic map Template:Webarchive)</ref> The remainder of Mortlake (including East Sheen) was instead transferred to the Barnes Urban District,<ref name=barnes>Vision of Britain – Barnes UD/MB Template:Webarchive (historic map Template:Webarchive)</ref> which became the Municipal Borough of Barnes in 1932.
In 1965 North Sheen was incorporated into Kew<ref name="Blomfield">Template:Cite book</ref> which, with the rest of the Municipal Borough of Richmond, joined the Municipal Borough of Twickenham and the Municipal Borough of Barnes to form the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames.
EconomyEdit
East Sheen concentrates its commercial area to the main through street: its long high street has transport/furniture/hardware shops, convenience services, offices, restaurants, cafés, pubs<ref name="Square Meal">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and suburban supermarkets and is also the economic hub for Mortlake of which East Sheen was once a manor. This wide-footpath street is the Upper Richmond Road West which connects Richmond to Putney. Central to this street is The Triangle, a tree-lined traffic island with a war memorial and an old milestone<ref name="Visit"/> at the intersection of Upper Richmond Road West with Sheen Lane. The main railway station serving the area, Mortlake, is centred 300m north of this.<ref name=os>Grid square map Ordnance Survey website</ref>
ChurchesEdit
East Sheen lies in the ecclesiastical parish of Mortlake with East Sheen. In addition to the Parish Church of St Mary the Virgin the district has two daughter churches: Christ Church, and All Saints. Christ Church, situated near the crossroads of Christchurch Road and West Temple Sheen, was built by Arthur Blomfield on land formerly part of a farm at the entrance to Sheen Common in the 1860s. It was originally planned to be opened in April 1863; however, the tower collapsed shortly before completion and had to be rebuilt. The church was finally completed and consecrated nine months later, on 13 January 1864.<ref name="halfpenny green">Template:Cite book</ref>
All Saints was built on land bequeathed under the will of Major Shepherd-Cross, MP for Bolton who lived at nearby Palewell Lodge from 1896 until his death in 1913. The church was consecrated on All Saints' Day 1929, a year and two days after the foundation stone was laid by Elizabeth, Duchess of York (later Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother).<ref name="halfpenny green"/>
East Sheen has two other churches: East Sheen Baptist Church and Parkside Christian Centre.
East Sheen has no separate Roman Catholic church; the church of St Mary Magdalen Mortlake and Our Lady Queen of Peace Church, Richmond also serve East Sheen.
Other notable featuresEdit
There is a Grade II-listed air raid shelter, dating from before the Second World War, at St Leonard's Court, a block of flats on St Leonard's Road, near Mortlake railway station.<ref name="Shelter isting">Template:National Heritage List for England</ref>
Notable residentsEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
Living peopleEdit
- Sir Tim Berners-Lee (born 1955), computer scientist and inventor of the World Wide Web, grew up in East Sheen<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref> and attended Sheen Mount Primary School.<ref name="Kerezova">Template:Cite news</ref> A mosaic by Sue Edkins was placed at Sheen Lane Centre in June 2013 to commemorate his association with East Sheen.<ref name="Kerezova"/>
- Carol Cleveland (born 1942), actress and comedian, who worked with Monty Python, was born in East Sheen.<ref>IMDb Database retrieved 19 January 2018</ref>
- Abigail Cruttenden (born 1968), actress, lives in East Sheen.<ref name="Conflict">Template:Cite news</ref>
- Omid Djalili (born 1965), actor and comedian, lives in East Sheen.<ref name="Lee">Template:Cite news</ref>
- David Gandy (born 1980), model, lives in East Sheen.<ref>AT HOME WITH DAVID GANDY</ref>
- Philip Glenister (born 1963), and Beth Goddard (born 1969), actors, live in East Sheen.<ref name="The Free Library">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Tom Hardy (born 1977), actor, lives in East Sheen.<ref name="London home">Template:Cite news</ref>
- Carrie Johnson (born 1988), conservationist and wife of Prime Minister Boris Johnson, was brought up in East Sheen.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- Andrew Marr (born 1959), political broadcaster and Jackie Ashley (born 1954), political journalist, have lived in East Sheen.<ref name=Grice>Template:Cite news</ref>
- Sir Trevor McDonald (born 1939), broadcaster, lives in East Sheen.<ref name="McDonald">Template:Cite news</ref>
- Steven Moffat (born 1961), television writer and producer, and his wife Sue Vertue (born 1960), television producer, live in East Sheen.<ref name="Jeffries">Template:Cite news</ref>
- Valerie Vaz (born 1954), politician and solicitor, Labour MP for Walsall South, was brought up in East Sheen.<ref name="Vaz">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Historical figuresEdit
18th centuryEdit
- John Partridge (1644–c.1714), astrologer, was born at East Sheen and apprenticed to a local shoemaker. He died in Mortlake and is buried there.<ref name="People M-S"/>
- Robert Shirley, 1st Earl Ferrers (1650–1717), peer and courtier, was born in East Sheen.<ref name="Shirley">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
19th centuryEdit
- Sir Charles Pole, 1st Baronet (1757–1830), Admiral of the Fleet, who married Henrietta Goddard, niece of Henry Hope of Sheen House, in 1792, lived at Sheen House from 1806 onwards.<ref name="People M-S"/>
- Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey (1764–1845), British Prime Minister from 1831 to 1834, rented Sheen House from the Marquess of Ailesbury during his premiership, for use as a country house near London.<ref name="People E-G">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Robert Stewart, 2nd Marquess of Londonderry, usually known as Lord Castlereagh (1769–1822), British Foreign Secretary, rented Temple Grove, East Sheen, from Lord Palmerston's trustees, from 1802 to 1806. His wife's mother, the Countess of Buckinghamshire, lived next door, at The Firs.<ref name="People M-S"/>
- Joshua Bates (1788–1864), the Boston-born banker, had a villa in Sheen from 1841 to 1863.<ref>Barnes and Mortlake History Society, Registered Charity No. 292918</ref>
- Edwin Chadwick (1800–1890), social reformer, died at Park Cottage, East Sheen.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Sir Henry Parker (1808–1881), Premier of New South Wales, acquired Stawell House, East Sheen, on his return to England in 1868, and his family continued there until 1935.<ref name="People M-S">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Thomas German Reed (1817–1888), composer, musical director, actor, singer and theatrical manager, died at St Croix, Upper East Sheen, and is buried at Old Mortlake Burial Ground.<ref name=odnb>Jane W Stedman. "Reed, (Thomas) German (1817–1888)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edition, January 2008, accessed 1 February 2013 Template:ODNBsub</ref> With his wife Priscilla Horton (1818–1895), he created the German Reed Entertainments.
- The novelist Mary Anne Evans, better known as George Eliot (1819–1880), took rooms at 7 Clarence Row, East Sheen (now demolished) from May to September 1855.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="K A L Parker">Template:Cite journal</ref>
- Sir Arthur Blomfield (1829–1899), architect, one of whose early works was Christ Church, East Sheen, designed and lived in The Cottage, now divided into two as 53 and 55 Christ Church Road.<ref name="Architects">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
20th and 21st centuriesEdit
- Ralph Knott (1879–1929), architect of County Hall, the former London County Council building on the South Bank, Westminster, lived and died in East Sheen.<ref name="H-L">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Princess Alexandra, 2nd Duchess of Fife (1891–1959), granddaughter of King Edward VII and great-granddaughter of Queen Victoria, was born at East Sheen Lodge.
- Princess Maud, Countess of Southesk (1893–1945), granddaughter of King Edward VII, was born at East Sheen Lodge.
- Esmond Knight (1906–1987), actor, was born in East Sheen.<ref>IMDb Database retrieved 19 January 2018</ref>
- Desmond Hawkins (1908–1999), author, editor and radio personality, was born in East Sheen.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- Frank Broadbent (1909–1983), architect, designed churches and schools for the Roman Catholic Church, lived at 71 Christchurch Road, East Sheen.<ref>Dictionary of Scottish Architects, Francis George Broadbent retrieved 19 January 2018</ref>
- Richard Dimbleby (1913–1965), radio broadcaster, was born in the borough<ref name="Nick Barrett">Template:Cite news</ref> and lived in a flat at Cedar Court, East Sheen. This has been commemorated by an English Heritage blue plaque.<ref name="Heritage Dimbleby">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Patricia Hornsby-Smith, Baroness Hornsby-Smith (1914–1985), Conservative Party politician, was born in East Sheen.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- John Chadwick (1920–1998), linguist and classical scholar, was born in East Sheen.<ref name="Chadwick">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Peter Graham Scott (1923–2007), film producer, director, editor and screenwriter, was born in East Sheen.<ref>IMDb Database retrieved 19 January 2018</ref>
- Don Lawrence (1928–2003), comic book artist and author, was born in East Sheen.<ref>Don Lawrence at Lambiek's Comiclopedia. Retrieved 19 January 2018.</ref>
- Leslie Dew (1914–1999), insurance executive and a Chairman Lloyd's London lived Sheen House 1960-1963.</ref>
EducationEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Schools in the area include: Richmond Park Academy; Tower House Boys' Preparatory School, a small independent prep-school for boys aged 4–13; East Sheen Primary School, a state school on Upper Richmond Road West; Sheen Mount School, a state primary school on West Temple; and Thomson House School, located on Vernon Road.
TransportEdit
The area is served by Mortlake railway station, which is 300m north of The Triangle and can be accessed from Sheen Lane. Transport for London bus routes are 33, 337 and 493 which serve Upper Richmond Road West.
Demography and housingEdit
| Ward | Detached | Semi-detached | Terraced | Flats and apartments | Caravans/temporary/mobile homes/houseboats | Shared between households<ref name=ons/> |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (ward) | 471 | 1,129 | 1,310 | 1,192 | 0 | 49 |
| Ward | Population | Households | % Owned outright | % Owned with a loan | Hectares<ref name=ons/> |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (ward) | 10,348 | 4,252 | 35 | 35 | 584 |
East Sheen in artEdit
The Triangle in East Sheen is the subject of a painting, The Triangle, Sheen Lane, East Sheen, Surrey by James Isaiah Lewis (1861–1934), which is in the Richmond upon Thames Borough Art Collection and is held at Orleans House Gallery in Twickenham.<ref name="Lewis">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
External linksEdit
- Barnes and Mortlake History Society (which also covers East Sheen)