Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox tennis biography
Tracy Ann Austin Holt (born December 12, 1962) is an American former professional tennis player. She was ranked as the world No. 1 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for 21 weeks. Austin won 30 WTA Tour-level singles titles, including two major titles at the 1979 and 1981 US Opens, as well as five doubles titles, including the mixed doubles title at the 1980 Wimbledon Championships, partnering her brother John. Additionally, she won the 1980 WTA Tour Championships and the year-ending 1981 Toyota Championships, both in singles.
Austin remains the youngest US Open women's singles champion (aged 16) and the youngest inductee into the International Tennis Hall of Fame at age 29. A series of injuries and a serious automobile accident in 1989 cut short her professional career.<ref name=prespyt>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=ahass>Template:Cite news</ref>
Early lifeEdit
Tracy Austin was born December 12, 1962, in Palos Verdes Peninsula, California.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Her parents were George and Jeanne Austin.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>
CareerEdit
1977 to 1980Edit
In January 1977, a month after turning fourteen, Austin won her first professional singles title, defeating Stacy Margolin at the Avon Futures event in Portland.<ref name="wot1978">Template:Cite book</ref><ref name="collins2016">Template:Cite book</ref> As an amateur she could not accept the prize money.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="wot1978"/> At her Wimbledon debut in 1977 she reached the third round where she lost to top-seeded Chris Evert. In September, she made her US Open debut and reached the quarterfinal, falling to fifth-seeded Betty Stöve.<ref name="usopen1979">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Less than two months before her sixteenth birthday, Austin turned professional in October 1978.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> That same month, she won her first professional singles title, defeating Betty Stöve in the final of the Porsche Tennis Grand Prix in Filderstadt, West Germany.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="dolan2011">Template:Cite book</ref>
Austin followed up with tournament wins in Tokyo and Washington, defeating Martina Navratilova in both finals.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> She defeated 35-year-old Billie Jean King in the quarterfinals of the 1979 Wimbledon Championships, then lost to eventual champion Navratilova in straight sets in the semifinals. In September, Austin became the youngest-ever US Open champion, aged 16 years and 9 months, by defeating second-seeded Navratilova in the semifinals and top seed Chris Evert in the final.<ref name="tignor2008"/><ref name="usopen1979"/> Evert had been attempting to win the title for the fifth consecutive year.<ref name="usopen1979"/> Earlier that year, Austin ended Evert's 125-match winning streak on clay by beating her in three sets in a semifinal of the Italian Open.<ref name="wtarome">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="tignor2008"/>
The Associated Press named Austin its Female Athlete of the Year for 1979.<ref name="woolum1998">Template:Cite book</ref>
Austin lost in the semifinals of both Grand Slam tournaments she played in 1980. Evonne Goolagong Cawley, seeded fourth and the eventual champion, defeated Austin at the Wimbledon Championships. As the top seed and defending champion at the US Open, Austin was expected to extend her five-match winning streak against third-ranked Evert. Austin took a 4–0 lead in the first set before Evert won 16 of the final 20 games to win the match. Evert went on to defeat Hana Mandlíková in the final. Austin was ranked the world No. 1 singles player in 1980 for two weeks (April 7–20) and then for 19 weeks (July 7-November 17), partly because she captured the two tour-ending events. Austin defeated Navratilova to win the Avon Championships in March and Andrea Jaeger to capture the 1980 Colgate Series Championships in January 1981. In 1980, Austin won the Wimbledon mixed doubles title with her brother John, becoming the first brother and sister team to win a Grand Slam title together.<ref name="ithof"/>
1981 to 1983Edit
During the first four months of 1981, Austin played only two events because of chronic injuries. On grass, she defended her singles title at the Eastbourne International in the United Kingdom in June without losing a set. After Wimbledon, Austin won 26 consecutive matches and four consecutive tournaments.<ref name="tignor2008"/> She defeated Pam Shriver in the final of the Wells Fargo Open in San Diego, and three weeks later, she beat both Navratilova and Evert in straight sets to win the Canadian Open in Toronto. As the third-seeded player at the US Open, Austin defeated fourth-seeded Navratilova in a three-set final. Navratilova, however, ended Austin's winning streak in the final of the U.S. Indoor Championships. In Europe during the autumn, Austin lost to Sue Barker in the quarterfinals of the Brighton International in Brighton, United Kingdom, but recovered the following week to defeat Navratilova in the final of the Porsche Tennis Grand Prix in Stuttgart, West Germany. At the final Grand Slam tournament of the year, Austin was seeded second but lost to sixth-seeded Shriver in the Australian Open quarterfinals. The 1981 year-ending Toyota Series Championships featured two matches against Evert and one against Navratilova. Evert won her round-robin match with Austin, then Austin defeated Evert in their semifinal. Austin won the tournament with a three-set defeat of Navratilova.<ref name="si1981">Template:Cite magazine</ref> The Associated Press named Austin its 1981 Female Athlete of the Year for the second time.<ref name="wapo1982">Template:Cite news</ref>
Austin was the first opponent of Steffi Graf when the German made her professional debut at the 1982 Porsche Tennis Grand Prix in Stuttgart. Austin defeated the 13-year-old Graf 6–4, 6–0.
Back injuries and recurring sciatica then began to impair Austin's effectiveness and sidelined her for long stretches. Billie Jean King, seeded twelfth, upset third-seeded Austin in the 1982 Wimbledon quarterfinals. Several weeks later, however, Austin won her 30th and final top-level singles title in San Diego. Austin had a good showing at the 1982 season-ending Toyota Series Championships where she defeated Jaeger, the world No. 3, in straight sets to reach the semifinals. However, she was unable to repeat 1981's victory over Evert, who defeated her in the semifinals.
In 1983, she was the runner-up at the Family Circle Cup, losing the final to Navratilova in three sets. She also reached the quarterfinals of the French Open.
1984 to 1989Edit
Austin played sporadically from 1984 to 1987 and tried yet another comeback on the tour in 1988 when she played in seven doubles tournaments, and in 1989, when she played in one doubles and two singles tournaments. A highlight of this comeback included a semifinal showing in the 1988 US Open mixed doubles with partner Ken Flach.<ref name="ITF profile">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> This comeback was ended by a near-fatal motor vehicle accident in Millburn, New Jersey, on August 3, 1989. A van coming from the opposite direction crashed into her vehicle's driver side, and she suffered a bruised heart, a bruised spleen, a sprained back and a shattered knee.<ref name=ahass/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
1992 to 1994Edit
In 1992, Austin became the youngest person to be inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame, at the age of 29.<ref name="ithof"/> She attempted a second comeback in 1993 and 1994 but was not particularly successful. In 1993, Austin upset Rennae Stubbs and Katerina Maleeva at the Evert Cup in Indian Wells, California, then lost to Stephanie Rottier. At the WTA Manhattan Beach event, she upset Gigi Fernández and Elena Likhovtseva, then lost to Gabriela Sabatini in the round of 16. Her wins over Maleeva, Fernandez, and Likhovtseva began a buzz that Austin might become at least a top 20 player again. However, in 1994, her results were not as promising and at the Evert Cup in Indian Wells, California, Austin lost in the second round to Steffi Graf, and Austin soon retired in June 1994.<ref name = ITF_profile>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Playing styleEdit
Austin possessed a solid baseline game, with a strong flat-hit forehand and reliable two-handed backhand.<ref name="guardian2009">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="tignor2008"/> Her favorite shot was the backhand down the line and she considered her backhand to be more powerful and accurate than her forehand.<ref name="guardian2009"/>
She had excellent court coverage and struck the ball deep, with substantial pace, and with pinpoint accuracy.<ref name="wot2000">Template:Cite book</ref><ref name="tignor2008">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Austin's first serve was a mid-paced high percentage shot that functioned well on all playing surfaces, and although her second serve has been described as lacking penetration, she rarely double faulted.Template:Citation needed
Post-tennis careerEdit
Austin first worked as a pundit and commentator in March 1991, for CBS, at the U.S. Women's Hardcourt Championships in San Antonio, a tournament which concluded with Steffi Graf recovering from a 1–4 deficit in the first set of the final to defeat Monica Seles 6–4, 6–3. Austin interviewed Graf on court after Graf's victory. Austin first worked for the BBC's Wimbledon coverage in 1992, and she has usually participated in the BBC's Wimbledon coverage ever since. In 1993, she co-presented the BBC's Wimbledon evening highlights program.
Since retiring as a player in 1994, Austin has worked as a pundit and commentator for NBC, CBS and the USA Network for the French Open and the US Open. During the 2000s, she worked for the Seven Network, which broadcast the Australian Open. She began working for the Tennis Channel in 2010 and joined its US Open team and later its Australian Open team in 2012. Austin has worked for Canadian television for its coverage of the Rogers Cup since 2004.
Personal lifeEdit
Austin is married to mortgage broker Scott Holt and is the mother of three sons: Sean, Brandon, and Dylan. Brandon Holt is also a professional tennis player and was previously a member of the USC tennis team.
Austin's older sister Pam and her brothers Jeff, Doug and John were professional tennis players. She is the sister-in-law of fitness author Denise Austin, who is married to Jeff.
Major finalsEdit
Grand Slam finalsEdit
Singles: 2 (2 titles)Edit
| Result | Year | Championship | Surface | Opponent | Score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Win | 1979 | US Open | Hard | Template:Flagicon Chris Evert | 6–4, 6–3 |
| Win | 1981 | US Open | Hard | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 1–6, 7–6(7–4), 7–6(7–1) |
Mixed doubles: 2 (1 title, 1 runner–up)Edit
| Result | Year | Championship | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Win | 1980 | Wimbledon | Grass | Template:Flagicon John Austin | Template:Flagicon Dianne Fromholtz Template:Flagicon Mark Edmondson |
4–6, 7–6(8–6), 6–3 |
| Loss | 1981 | Wimbledon | Grass | Template:Flagicon John Austin | Template:Flagicon Betty Stöve Template:Flagicon Frew McMillan |
6–4, 6–7(2–7), 3–6 |
Year-end championships finalsEdit
Singles: 2 (1 title, 1 runner–up)Edit
| Result | Year | Championship | Surface | Opponent | Score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Loss | 1979 | New York City | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 3–6, 6–3, 2–6 |
| Win | 1980 | New York City | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 6–2, 2–6, 6–2 |
WTA career finalsEdit
Singles: 44 (30–14)Edit
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|
| Result | W/L | Date | Tournament | Surface | Opponent | Score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Win | 1–0 | Jan 1977 | Portland, US | Hard (i) | Template:Flagicon Stacy Margolin | 6–7, 6–3, 4–1 ret. |
| Loss | 1–1 | Mar 1978 | Dallas, US | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Evonne Goolagong Cawley | 6–4, 0–6, 2–6 |
| Loss | 1–2 | Oct 1978 | Phoenix, US | Hard | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 4–6, 2–6 |
| Win | 2–2 | Oct 1978 | Filderstadt, West Germany | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Betty Stöve | 6–3, 6–3 |
| Win | 3–2 | Nov 1978 | Tokyo, Japan | Hard (i) | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 6–1, 6–1 |
| Win | 4–2 | Jan 1979 | Washington, US | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 6–3, 6–2 |
| Loss | 4–3 | Jan 1979 | Chicago, US | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 3–6, 4–6 |
| Loss | 4–4 | Mar 1979 | Avon Championships, US | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 3–6, 6–3, 2–6 |
| Win | 5–4 | Apr 1979 | Hilton Head Island, US | Clay | Template:Flagicon Kerry Melville Reid | 7–6(7–3), 7–6(9–7) |
| Win | 6–4 | May 1979 | Rome, Italy | Clay | Template:Flagicon Sylvia Hanika | 6–4, 1–6, 6–3 |
| Win | 7–4 | Jul 1979 | San Diego, US | Hard | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 6–4, 6–2 |
| Loss | 7–5 | Aug 1979 | Mahwah, US | Hard | Template:Flagicon Chris Evert-Lloyd | 7–6(7–2), 4–6, 1–6 |
| Win | 8–5 | Aug 1979 | US Open | Hard | Template:Flagicon Chris Evert-Lloyd | 6–4, 6–3 |
| Win | 9–5 | Nov 1979 | Filderstadt, West Germany | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 6–2, 6–0 |
| Win | 10–5 | Dec 1979 | Tokyo, Japan | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 6–2, 6–1 |
| Loss | 10–6 | Jan 1980 | Landover, US | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 2–6, 1–6 |
| Win | 11–6 | Jan 1980 | Cincinnati, US | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Chris Evert-Lloyd | 6–2, 6–1 |
| Win | 12–6 | Jan 1980 | Seattle, US | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Virginia Wade | 6–2, 7–6 |
| Loss | 12–7 | Feb 1980 | Los Angeles, US | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 2–6, 0–6 |
| Win | 13–7 | Mar 1980 | Boston, US | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Virginia Wade | 6–2, 6–1 |
| Win | 14–7 | Mar 1980 | Avon Championships, US | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 6–2, 2–6, 6–2 |
| Win | 15–7 | Mar 1980 | Carlsbad, US | Hard | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 7–5, 6–2 |
| Win | 16–7 | Apr 1980 | Hilton Head Island, US | Clay | Template:Flagicon Regina Maršíková | 3–6, 6–1, 6–0 |
| Loss | 16–8 | Apr 1980 | Orlando, US | Clay | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 2–6, 4–6 |
| Win | 17–8 | Jun 1980 | Eastbourne, UK | Grass | Template:Flagicon Wendy Turnbull | 7–6, 6–2 |
| Win | 18–8 | Jul 1980 | San Diego, US | Hard | Template:Flagicon Wendy Turnbull | 6–1, 6–3 |
| Win | 19–8 | Sep 1980 | Minneapolis, US | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Dianne Fromholtz | 6–1, 2–6, 6–2 |
| Win | 20–8 | Nov 1980 | Filderstadt, West Germany | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Sherry Acker | 6–2, 7–5 |
| Loss | 20–9 | Nov 1980 | Tampa, US | Hard | Template:Flagicon Andrea Jaeger | w/o |
| Loss | 20–10 | Nov 1980 | Tokyo, Japan | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 4–6, 3–6 |
| Win | 21–10 | Dec 1980 | Tucson, US | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Peanut Louie | 6–2, 6–0 |
| Win | 22–10 | Jan 1981 | Landover, US | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Andrea Jaeger | 6–2, 6–2 |
| Win | 23–10 | Jun 1981 | Eastbourne, UK | Grass | Template:Flagicon Andrea Jaeger | 6–3, 6–4 |
| Win | 24–10 | Jul 1981 | San Diego, US | Hard | Template:Flagicon Pam Shriver | 6–2, 5–7, 6–2 |
| Win | 25–10 | Aug 1981 | Toronto, Canada | Hard | Template:Flagicon Chris Evert-Lloyd | 6–1, 6–4 |
| Win | 26–10 | Sep 1981 | US Open | Hard | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 1–6, 7–6(7–4), 7–6(7–1) |
| Win | 27–10 | Sep 1981 | Atlanta, US | Hard | Template:Flagicon Mary-Lou Piatek | 4–6, 6–3, 6–3 |
| Loss | 27–11 | Sep 1981 | Minneapolis, US | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 0–6, 2–6 |
| Win | 28–11 | Oct 1981 | Filderstadt, West Germany | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 4–6, 6–3, 6–4 |
| Win | 29–11 | Dec 1981 | East Rutherford, US | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 2–6, 6–4, 6–2 |
| Win | 30–11 | Jul 1982 | San Diego, US | Hard | Template:Flagicon Kathy Rinaldi | 7–6, 6–3 |
| Loss | 30–12 | Oct 1982 | Filderstadt, West Germany | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 3–6, 3–6 |
| Loss | 30–13 | Dec 1982 | Richmond, US | Carpet (i) | Template:Flagicon Wendy Turnbull | 7–6(7–3), 2–6, 4–6 |
| Loss | 30–14 | Apr 1983 | Hilton Head Island, US | Clay | Template:Flagicon Martina Navratilova | 7–5, 1–6, 0–6 |
Doubles: 7 (5–2)Edit
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|
Grand Slam singles tournament timelineEdit
| Tournament | 1977 | 1978 | 1979 | 1980 | 1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984–93 | 1994 | SR | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Australian Open | A | A | A | A | A | QF | A | A | A | 2R | 0 / 2 |
| French Open | A | A | A | A | A | QF | QF | A | 1R | 0 / 3 | |
| Wimbledon | 3R | 4R | SF | SF | QF | QF | A | A | A | 0 / 6 | |
| US Open | QF | QF | W | SF | W | QF | A | A | A | 2 / 6 | |
| SR | 0 / 2 | 0 / 2 | 1 / 2 | 0 / 2 | 1 / 3 | 0 / 3 | 0 / 1 | 0 / 0 | 0 / 2 | 2 / 17 | |
| Year End Ranking | 12 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 | NR | |||
Note: The Australian Open was held twice in 1977, in January and December.
See alsoEdit
- List of female tennis players
- List of Grand Slam women's singles champions
- Performance timelines for all female tennis players who reached at least one Grand Slam final
ReferencesEdit
External linksEdit
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