Type IX submarine

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The Type IX U-boat was designed by Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine in 1935 and 1936 as a large ocean-going submarine for sustained operations far from the home support facilities. Type IX boats were briefly used for patrols off the eastern United States in an attempt to disrupt the stream of troops and supplies bound for Europe. It was derived from the Type IA and appeared in various sub-types.Template:Sfn Template:Sfn Template:Efn

Type IXs had six torpedo tubes; four at the bow and two at the stern. They carried six reloads internally and had five external torpedo containers (three at the stern and two at the bow) which stored ten additional torpedoes. The total of 22 torpedoes allowed U-boat commanders to follow a convoy and strike night after night. Some of the IXC boats were fitted for mine operations; as mine-layers they could carry 44 TMA or 60 TMB mines.Template:Sfn

Secondary armament was provided by one [[10.5 cm SK C/32 naval gun|Template:Convert deck gun]] with 180 rounds. Anti-aircraft armament differed throughout the war. They had two periscopes in the tower. Types IXA and IXB had an additional periscope in the control room, which was removed in Type IXC and afterwards. These long range boats were frequently equipped with Focke-Achgelis Fa 330 rotor kite towed rotary-wing aircraft.

Type IXAEdit

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List of Type IXA submarinesEdit

DeSchiMAG AG Weser of Bremen built eight Type IXA U-boats.

Template:GS - scuttled 8 May 1945
Template:GS - scuttled 5 May 1945
Template:GS - sunk 14 September 1939
Template:GS - sunk on 13 October 1939 by a mine
Template:GS- sunk by depth charges on 5 February 1940
Template:GS - sunk on 13 October 1939 by depth charges
Template:GS - sunk on 30 July 1943
Template:GS - sunk by mine on 13 March 1940

Type IXBEdit

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Type IXB was an improved model with an increased range. It was the most successful version overall with each boat averaging a total of over Template:GRT sunk. Notable IXB boats included Template:GS commanded by Reinhard Hardegen, which opened up the attack in the US waters in early 1942 known as Operation Drumbeat, Template:GS, which was bombed by a US aircraft while flying a Red Cross-flag and rescuing survivors of a torpedoed ship (Laconia incident), and Template:GS operating off Freetown, Sierra Leone under the command of Günter Hessler, which had the most successful single mission of the war ever with close to Template:GRT sunk.

List of Type IXB submarinesEdit

DeSchiMAG AG Weser of Bremen built 14 Type IXB U-boats. Thirteen were sunk in the course of the war. Template:Div col

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Type IXCEdit

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File:U-505 Engine Gauge Telegraph.jpg

An engine order telegraph dial located in the engine compartment of U-505. "MT" is Maschinen Telegraf, (Telegraph Machine), and "Bb", indicating Backbord, (Port).

The Type IXC was a further refinement of the class with storage for an additional 43 tonnes of fuel, increasing the boat's range. This series omitted the control room periscope leaving the boats with two tower scopes. As mine-layers they could carry 44 TMA or 66 TMB mines, though the 35 boats of Template:GS through Template:GS and Template:GS through Template:GS were not fitted for mine operations.Template:Sfn The only U-boat sunk in the Gulf of Mexico, Template:GS, was a Type IXC. U-505 survives at the Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago, and was completely renovated after being moved in 2004 to a purpose-built indoor berth.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

List of Type IXC submarinesEdit

DeSchiMAG AG Weser and Seebeckwerft of Bremen, and Deutsche Werft of Hamburg built 54 Type IXC submarines. Only four survived the war, one of which is preserved in the US.

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Template:GS - Sunk 6 May 1944
Template:GS - Sunk 16 July 1943
Template:GS - Sunk 10 April 1944
Template:GS - Sunk 6 May 1943
Template:GS - Sunk by aircraft 3 June 1943
Template:GS - Sunk 15 December 1941
Template:GS - Sunk by aircraft and surface ships, 17 May 1943
Template:GS - Taken out of service 4 July 1944
Template:GS - Sunk 12 March 1943
Template:GS - Scuttled 17 December 1941
Template:GS - Sunk by ship in July 1942
Template:GS - Sunk 3 July 1944
Template:GS - Scuttled post war by British
Template:GS - Sunk 8 March 1943
Template:GS - Sunk 13 June 1942
Template:GS - Sunk 30 June 1942
Template:GS - Sunk 28 July 1943
Template:GS - Sunk 14 July 1943
Template:GS - Sunk 27 September 1943
Template:GS - Sunk 3 September 1942
Template:GS - Sunk 12/13 March 1943
Template:GS - Sunk 6 January 1943
Template:GS - Sunk 27 September 1942
Template:GS - Sunk on 30 July 1942
Template:GS - Sunk by mine 9 October 1942
Template:GS - Sunk 13 December 1943
Template:GS - Sunk 16 November 1942
Template:GS - Sunk by aircraft 27 April 1943
Template:GS - Sunk 17 April 1943
Template:GS - Sunk by Cuban Navy, 15 May 1943
Template:GS - Sunk by escorts, 10 September 1941
Template:GS - Sunk by aircraft 6 July 1942
Template:GS - Sunk 15 March 1942
Template:GS - Sunk 30 July 1943
Template:GS - Captured by US Navy, 4 June 1944. Preserved in museum
Template:GS - Sunk by aircraft 12 July 1943
Template:GS - Sunk by aircraft 13 January 1943
Template:GS - Sunk by aircraft 12 November 1943
Template:GS - Sunk by aircraft 15 July 1943
Template:GS - Given to French Navy post war
Template:GS - Transferred to Japan on 16 September 1943
Template:GS - Sunk by aircraft 2 October 1942
Template:GS - Sunk by aircraft 19 July 1943
Template:GS - Sunk 8 July 1943
Template:GS - Sunk, 9 April 1944
Template:GS - Scuttled post war by British
Template:GS - Sunk by aircraft 21 November 1942
Template:GS - Sunk, 22 April 1944
Template:GS - Posted missing 31 January 1943
Template:GS - Sunk, 30 October 1942
Template:GS - Sunk 2 June 1943
Template:GS - Sunk 23 February 1943
Template:GS - Sunk, 25 August 1943
Template:GS - Sunk on 22 March 1943 by aircraft

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Type IXC/40Edit

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Type IXC/40 was an improved Type IXC with slightly increased range and surfaced speed. Template:GS is on display at Woodside Ferry Terminal, Birkenhead.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

List of Type IXC/40 submarinesEdit

DeSchiMAG AG Weser and Seebeckwerft of Bremen, and Deutsche Werft of Hamburg, built 87 of this type.

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Type IXDEdit

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Type IXD was significantly longer and heavier than the IXC/40. It was faster than the IXC but at the cost of slightly reduced maneuverability. It had three pairs of Daimler Benz diesels: two pairs for cruise and one for high speed or battery recharge. There were three variants: the IXD1, IXD2 and IXD/42. The IXD1 had unreliable engines and they were later converted for use in surface transport vessels. The IXD2 comprised most of the class and had a range of Template:Convert. The IXD/42, was almost identical but with more engine power (Template:Convert instead of Template:Convert).

In 1943 and 1944 the torpedo tubes were removed from some IXD boats converted for transport use. In their new role they could transport 252 tonnes of cargo. The range was extended to Template:Convert.Template:Sfn

List of Type IXD submarinesEdit

DeSchiMAG AG Weser of Bremen built 30 Type IXD U-boats.

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Several Type IXD/42 U-boats were contracted to be built by DeSchiMAG AG Weser of Bremen, but only two were commissioned. They were:

Template:GS was launched on 28 April 1944 and commissioned 27 March 1945. Her career ended in Operation Deadlight.
Template:GS was launched on 17 May 1944 but was badly damaged on 30 March 1945 by US bombs while still in the dockyard.
Template:GS, Template:GS, Template:GS and Template:GS were laid down but construction halted on 30 September 1943 when all IXD/42 contracts were cancelled.