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The canyon towhee (Melozone fusca) is a bird of the family Passerellidae. Until 1989, the canyon towhee and the California towhee were considered to be a single species which was called the brown towhee.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
TaxonomyEdit
The taxonomy of the group of towhees to which this species belongs is debated. At the higher level, some authors place the towhees in the family FringillidaeTemplate:Citation needed. Within the genus, there has been dispute about whether the canyon towhee is a distinct species from the California towhee (Melozone crissalis) found in coastal regions from Oregon and California in the United States through Baja California in Mexico. At present, molecular genetics seems to have settled this issue in favour of separation of the species.
DescriptionEdit
It is Template:Cvt long, and has a noticeably long tail, at Template:Cvt.<ref name="Byers">Sparrows and Buntings: A Guide to the Sparrows and Buntings of North America and the World by Clive Byers & Urban Olsson. Houghton Mifflin (1995). Template:ISBN.</ref> This species weighs from Template:Cvt, though on average weigh only around Template:Cvt.<ref name = "CRC">CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses by John B. Dunning Jr. (Editor). CRC Press (1992), Template:ISBN.</ref> Among standard measurements, the wing chord is Template:Cvt, the bill is Template:Cvt and the tarsus is Template:Cvt.<ref name="Byers"/> It is earthy brown in color, with somewhat lighter underparts and a somewhat darker head with a rufous cap (except that birds in central Mexico have the cap the same color as the back); there is also a slightly reddish area beneath the tail. There is little sexual dimorphism.
Distribution and habitatEdit
The towhee is native to lower-lying areas from Arizona, southern Colorado, New Mexico and western Texas south to northwestern Oaxaca, Mexico, mostly avoiding the coasts. Its natural habitat is brush or chaparral.
BehaviorEdit
The towhee feeds on the ground or in low scrub rather than in the tree canopy. Near human habitation, it is often seen in parking lots, where it feeds on insects on the cars' grilles and takes cover under the cars when disturbed.
ReferencesEdit
- Template:Cite journal
- Johnson, R. R., and L. T. Haight. 1996. Canyon Towhee (Pipilo fuscus). In The Birds of North America, No. 264 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
- Template:Cite book
External linksEdit
- Page with photographs and recording from birdfotos.com
- North American Bird Sounds—Parulidae through Icteridae with recordings and a link to a photograph.